Chapter-5

COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

1.

Complex numbers and quadratic equations

Number of teaching hours
Total marks

:
:

8
10

Blue - Print
1 Mark
1

2 Marks
3

3 Marks
1

Total
10

10

10

OR
-

2
OR

1 Mark Questions

1.

Express the following in the form a + i b

a)

2.
3.
4.
5.





b)

i-35

Find the real and imaginary part of 3



a)
4 - 3i
b)
-1 + 3
Write the complex conjugate of (1 + i )2
Find the real numbers x and y if ( x - iy ) ( 1 + i ) is the conjugate
of -3 -2i
Write the multiplicative inverse of

+ 1




6.

Evaluate : 

7.

Find the sqare roots of

x2



+3=0






8.

Solve :

9.

Find the modulus of

10.

Find the amplitude of 1 + i



2 Marks Questions
1.

Express the following in the form a + ib

(b)
(a)
(5 - 3i)3
(c)
(e)
(g)

2.


 


  



1
3 + 3

(f)





(h)



b)



(b)









(2 + 5i)2

 

 

If 'n' is any integer find in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3

5.

If Z1 = 2 - i, Z2 = -2+i. Find imaginary part of

6.

Find the values of x and y if

a)

( x + 2y) + i(2x - 3y) = 5 - 4i

b)

(1-i) x + (1+i)y = 1-3i

c)

(x-iy) (3+5i) is the conjugate of -6 -24i.

!

c)

4.

!



(1 + 2i) (2 - 3i)

Find the multiplicative inverse of

(a)



(d)

Find the conjugate of

a)

3.

(1 + i) (1+2i)

3 (7 + i7) + i (7 + i7)


 


Prove that x2 + y2 = 1.

7.

If x + iy =

8.
9.

If Z1 = 2 - i, Z2 = 1 + i. Find "

10.

Find real and imaginary parts of :

11.

Find the least +ve integer m such that

12.

If x - iy =

If 1 + 43 = (a + ib)2 prove that a2 - b2 = 1 and ab = 23

'

!

()

"

  
  

. Prove that




(x2
2

 %

y2)2

Also find its modulus.



 ! 

(  )

=1

13.
14.

Solve : *  + *
+ 1 = 0
2
Find the modulus and amplitudes of
(a)

1.

1+ i

(b)

-1 + i

(d)

3 Marks Questions
Express complex numbers in Polar form :
(a)
1-i
(b)
-1 + i

(e)

3 + 

(d)




 

Find the conjugate of :

3.

Find '' so that

4.

a)
Purely real
b)
Convert complex number
(a)

  /- .





(b)



(f)

 
 ,- .

2.

5.

-3 

(c)




is

Purely imaginary


01, 2

 3452


into polar form.

7

8 = 2 9 + 8  

If a + ib = (x + iy)1/3 where a, b, x & y are real.

Prove that

 . 




6.

If Z1 = 1 - i, & Z2 = -2 + 4i. Find imaginary part of

7.

If and are different complex numbers with | |=1 then

Prove that

8.
9.

If p + iq =
Solve :

"

;<

=;
<

<
<

(a)
(b)

(d)

"=1

show that p2 + q2 =
x2

+ 3x + 9 = 0
3x2 - 4x + 20/3 = 0
27x2 - 10x + 1 = 0
ix2 - x + 12i = 0

<  

<  




SOLUTIONS
1 Mark Questions

1.

>=

a)





 
=

b)

 @A





 @ . @




. @









2.

Z = 3
2

3.

a)

Z = 4 - 3i, Multiplicative inverse of Z =

b)

Z = -1 + 3 Multiplicative inverse of Z =




; CD E = 3
2 , GHI. E =

Z = (1 + i)2 = 1 - 1 + 2i = 2i
>J = 2
(x - iy) (1 + i) = -3 + 2i
(x + y) + i (x - y) = -3 + 2i
x + y = -3
x-y=2
x = 1
2 , 7 = 5
2

4.
5.

 

i18 + # $

6.

'

7.







x = + 3

8.

x2 + 3 = 0

9.

Z=

10.

Z = 1 + i = r ( Cos + i sin )
r = 2, PQR S = 1
X
2
N





=> x2 = -3

|z| =

||
|
|

= 1

TU S = 1
W
2V
Amp = Y
4

= 1 + 2

=  = 0 + 1. 

J

=

||




=  .   + 
= 1   .  = 1 

TWO MARKS

1.

a)

b)

3 (7 + i7) + i (7 + i7) = 21 + 2i i + 7i - 7 = 14 + 28 i

c)

(1+i) (1+2i) = 1 + 2i + i-2 = -1 + 3i

d)

e)

f)

= (5 - 3i)3 = 53 - 3.52 (-3i) + 3.5 (-3i)2 - (3i)3

= 125 - 225i - 135 + 27 i
= -10 - 198 i








1
3 + 3 =

h)















 


g)










 



26

= 1
2 +  1
2










3
2  + 4
5 + + 1 + 


 

+  27 9











+ 3 . 3 + 3. 9 27




= 9
25

2 3

2 + 1 
= 3
2 + 4
5 + 1 + 
5
^

^

=0

2)a)

b)

c)

3.a)

Z = 1 + 2 2 3 = 2 3 + 4 + 6 = 8 +  EJ = 8 

E=

EJ =




1 7
10

EJ = -21 - 20i







4.

5.

6.a)

z=










^

E=

 
 




multiplicative inverse of

z=

in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3

=
=
=










 


 = 2  2  =
Z1 . >
= -4 - 2i + 2i - 1 = -5



=
= 1
5
.a



x + 2y = 5

2x - 3y = -4

x+y= 1
- x + y = -3
y = -1,









in (i + i + i2 + i3 )
in ( 1 + i - 1 - i ) = in - 0
0

2x + 4y = 10
2x - 3y = -4
---------------7y = 14

y = 2, x = 1
b)

 

z = (2 + 5i)2 = 4 20i - 25 = -21 + 20 i

multiplicative inverse of z =

b)

2y = -2

x=2
6



 
^

c)

3x + 5xi - 3iy + 5y = -6 + 24i

(3x + 5y) + i(5x - 3y) = -6 + 24i
3x + 5y = -6
5x - 3y = 24

7.

=>

x + iy =

a + ib
a - ib

x - iy =

a - ib
a + ib

(x + iy) (x - iy) =
x2 + y2 = 1

8.

!
!

!
!

1 + 4 3 = 9 + 8 = 9 8  + 298 equating real and imaginary

parts. a2 - b2 = 1, ab = 23

9.

"

10.

z=

  
  




"= "













Re z = 1, Img. z = 1,
11.

9x + 15y = -18
25x - 15y = 120
-------------------34x
= 102
x = 102 = 3
34
y = -3

 %



"= "



"=




= 22

= 1 +  & |z| = 1 + 1 = 2

  %

= 1 => b



 i2m = 1 = i4
 2m = 4 => m = 2

 %

= 1 => #

=1

12.

x iy = '

!

()
!
()

9 8
e f
9 8
|*  7   2 *7| = g
g
e f

(x iy)2 =

*  7   2 *7 =

|9 8|
|P f |
9 + 8






h* + 7 2* 7 + 4* 7 =
P  + f 
9 + 8
h*  + 7  + 2*  7  =
P  + f 
9 + 8



h* + 7  =
P  + f 
Ti. QU 8Qj RfDR.
9 + 8
*  + 7   = 
e + f
h*  7   + 4*  7  =

13.

*  + *
+ 1 = 0
2
2*  + * + 2 = 0

*=

 h.


 

*=


 


14.a) Z = 1 + i = r (Cos + isin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = *l = 1

2
7
TU S =
l = 1

2
Amp () = Y
4

b)

Z = -1 +i=r (Cos + isin )

Modulus = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = *l = 1

2
7
TU S =
l = 1

Amp () = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4

c)

Z = -3  = l eQRS +  sin S

Modulus = 3 + 1 = 2

PQR S = 3
2
TU S = 1
2

Amp () = 5Y
6

d)

>=







l = 0 + 1 = 1
PQR S = 0
TU S = 1
qHr S = Y
2




=

3 Marks Questions
1.
a)

Let Z = 1 i = r ( Cos + I sin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
1

PQR S =
2 X

S = Y
4
1
W
2V
1  = 2 sPQR Y
4 +  sinY
4t
N

TU S =

Let Z = -1 + i = r ( Cos + I sin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = 1
X
2

b)
N

W
2 V

TU S =

S = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4

1 +  = 2 PQR 3Y
4 + TU 3Y
4
Let Z = 3 + 

c)

l = 3 + 1 = 2

3
X
2u

PQR S =

S = Y
6
1
TU S =

2 W
u
V
3 +  = 2 PQR Y
6 +  TU Y
6
N

d)

Let Z =




l = v1
4 + 3
4 = 1
PQR S =

1
X
2 u

S = Y
3
3
TU S =
2W
u
V
 
= PQR Y
3 +  sinY
3

N

10

e)

Let Z =




l = v1
4 + 3
4 = 1
N

1
2 X
u

PQR S =

S = Y Y
3 = 2 Y
3

+ 3
2W
u
V

= PQR 2Y
3 +  sin 2Y
3

TU S =

f)

Let Z =














= -1 + i

l = 1 + 1 = 2

PQR S =

TU S =

2X
1

W
2 V

S = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4

> = 2 PQR 3Y
4 +  sin 3Y
4

2.

>=
=

 
  


 

 

>J =










^





 


11

>=

3.

 /- .

 /- .
 /- .

  /- . /- . /- .

 /- .

=
a)

 /- .

 /- .   /- .

 /- .

=0

 /- .

Z is purely real
/- .

=>

Sin = 0
= n : n I.
b)

Z is purely imaginary
 /- .
/- .

=>

=0

3 4 Sin2 = 0
Sin2 = 3 .
4

= TU  Y
3
= n + (-1)n . Y
3
Sin = +

4. a) Z =











 


 


= 4 (-1 + i 3) = 4 + i4 3 = r (Cos + I sin 0)

l = 46 + 48 = 64 = 8

PQR S =

TU S =

4
= 1
X
8
2u
+




+ 3
2W
u
V

S = Y Y
3 = 2Y
3

Z = 8 PQR 2Y
3 +  sin 2Y
3
12

>=

b)


2
01,

 3452






= #

$+  #




 



 


   


$






= l PQR S +  sin S



$ + #
$ =2
l = '#


3 1 X
22 u

PQR S =

3 + 1 W
u
22 V

TU S =
5.

S = 5Y
12

(a + ib) = (x+iy)1/3
(a+ib)3 = x + iy
a3 + 3a2. ib 3ab2 ib3 = x+iy
(a3 3ab2) + i (3a2b b3) = x + iy
x = a3 3ab2

y = 3a2b b3

x = a2 - 3b2

y = 3a2 b2

b
x - y = a2 3b2 3a2 + b2 = - 2 (a2 + b2)
a

6.

. a
J

=
=

 












= 4 + 2

Imaginary part of







 .
J

$=2

|z|2 = z.EJ
13

7.

"

; < 
"
=;
<

=
=

|<
= ;|

= <
;< ;
=
=
<
= ; <;

xDUeD "

;<
"
=;
<

y ri =

= |<|
|;| <
= ;<;
= <;
=  |<w  |;|
<;

=1

<

<
<

< 

< <

(p+iq) (p-iq) =

q2


;< ;<

<
= ; <
= ;

<

r i =

p2

=  |<|
= ; <;
<
= |<|
= ; <;
<

=1

8.

|;<|

<

<

< 

9. a) x2 + 3x + 9 = 0
x=




  

 


14

b)

3x2 4x + 20 = 0
3
9x2 12x + 20 = 0

*=

 ^

c)







^ 

27x2 10x + 1 =0

*=

^ ^^^
 

d)





 

ix2 x + 12i=0

x=
*=

 






*=








x = -4i x = 3i.

15