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HISTORY
certain degree of autonomy and nominal self-rule and took part in Operation Zigeunerbaron (Gypsy Baron)
self-governing powers under the supervision of Major together with other German units.
von Veltheim and Colonel Rbsam.
This operation was followed by similar operations - FreisKaminski was made chief major of the Autonomous chtz and Tannenhauser. The brigade, together with
Administration of Lokot (comprising eight raions) and other units under German command, was involved in acbrigade commander of the local militia.
tion against partisans and also took part in reprisal operations against the civilian population.
Starting in June 1942, Kaminskis militia took part in the
major action codenamed Operation Vogelsang as a part In the summer of 1943, the brigade began to suer maof Generalleutnant Werner Freiherr von und zu Gilsa's jor desertions due in part to the recent Soviet victories
Kampfgruppe (taskforce) Gilsa II. This Kampfgruppe in- and to the eorts of the partisans to turn as many of
cluded one Panzer regiment from 5. Panzer-Division, el- Kaminskis troops as possible. As a part of these eorts,
ements of 216. Infanterie-Division, the Kaminski mili- several attempts on Kaminskis life were made. Each
tia and elements of the Hungarian 102. Light Division time, Kaminski narrowly avoided death and punished the
and 108. Light Division. The militia, serving as guides, conspirators with execution. Several German ocers
scouts and translators, stayed with Kampfgruppe Gilsa passing through Lokot reported seeing bodies hanging
II until it was disbanded in October 1942. The o- from gallows outside Kaminskis headquarters. Fearing
cial results of this operation, the rst major one where a breakdown in command, a German liaison sta was atKaminskis troops participated, were 1,193 alleged parti- tached to Kaminskis HQ to restructure the brigade and
sans killed, 1,400 wounded, 498 captured, 12,531 civil- return stability to the unit.
ians evacuated. The Kampfgruppe suered 58 killed At this time the strength of the unit was estimated at up
and 130 wounded from a strength of over 6,500.
to 8,500 men. The armoured unit of the brigade had one
1.2
Kaminski now decided to give his militia an ocial title. He decided on the Russian National Liberation
Army (Russkaya Osvoboditelnaya Narodnaya Armiya,
RONA). In autumn 1942 Kaminski ordered an obligatory draft into the militia of all able-bodied men. Units
were also reinforced from the volunteers drafted among
Soviet POWs at nearby Nazi concentration camps. From
1941 on, due to lack of fuel and minor mechanical failures, Kaminskis unit was ordered to collect abandoned
Soviet tanks and armored cars---by November 1942, his
unit was in possession of at least two BT-7 tanks and one
76 mm artillery system.
1.3 In Belarus
1.6
In Warsaw
achievements by decorating him with the Iron Cross RONA, and Kaminski was given the rank of Waen2nd Class and on the same day the Iron Cross 1st Class. Brigadefhrer der SS, as the only man with such rank.
On February 15, 1944, Kaminski issued an order to re- As the result of the Operation Bagration, anti-partisan
locate the brigade and administration further west to the activities of the brigade were halted and it personnel (6Dyatlovo area of West Belarus.
7,000, some sources give it as 3-4,000) collected at the
SS training camp Neuhammer and plans were made for a
non-German SS Division, and the structure was laid down
for the 29.Waen-Grenadier-Division der SS (russis1.4 Volksheer-Brigade
che Nr.1) based on the brigade by an order issued AuAt this point, the brigades ranks were replenished by the gust 1, 1944. On the same day, Kaminski received a
addition of police forces from Belarus. In March 1944, new rank---Waen-Brigadefhrer and General-Major of
the brigade was renamed Volksheer-Brigade Kamin- Waen-SS.
ski. Starting on April 11, 1944, it was attached to SSKampfgruppe von Gottberg, which also included the notorious Dirlewanger unit, and participated in a series 1.6 In Warsaw
of anti-partisan operations: Regenschauer (up to 7,000
partisans reported as killed), Frhlingsfest (7,011 parti- The Warsaw Uprising, which started on August 1, 1944,
sans reported as killed and 1,065 weapons captured) and changed Himmlers plans and, on August 4, 1944, a comKormoran (7,697 partisans reported as killed and 325 bat ready regiment of the brigade was ordered to assist
weapons captured). During these operations local civil- the eorts in crushing the uprising. SS-Gruppenfhrer
ians were shot as suspected partisans or deported as Heinz Reinfarth was placed in charge of Kampfgruppe
slave laborers, their villages burned down.
Reinfarth, a pacication unit which consisted of the
Kaminski along with the Dirlewanger, several other
Ordnungspolizei and SS rear area units. Himmler personally requested Kaminskis assistance, and the latter
obliged by gathering a task force of 1,700 unmarried men
and sending them (some sources state they had four T-34
tanks, one SU-76 and a few artillery pieces) to Warsaw as
the mixed regiment under eld command of Kaminskis
brigade chief-of-sta, SS-Sturmbannfhrer Ivan Frolov.
Frolov in 1945 stated that regiment had up to 1600 men
and 7 artillery pieces and 4 mortars.
1.5
Waen-Sturm-Brigade
5 COMMANDERS
1.7 In Slovakia
2 Dissolution
5
Burgermeister Bronislav Kaminski (March 1942
July 1942)
Ober-Burgermeister Bronislav Kaminski (July 1942
August 1943)
Bronislav Kaminski (August 1943 - June 1944)
Waen-Brigadefhrer der SS Bronislav Kaminski
(17 June 1944 - 31 July 1944)
Waen-Brigadefhrer and General-Major of
Waen-SS Bronislav Kaminski (1 August 1944 18th (possibly 28th) August 1944)
SS-Brigadefhrer Christoph Diehm (20 August
1944 27 September 1944)
SS-Gruppenfhrer und Generalleutnant der Polizei
Heinrich Jrs (27 September 1944 October 1944)
[9]
Book references
Untermenschen in SS Uniforms: 30th WaenGrenadier Division of Waen SS Leonid Rein The
Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 1556-3006, Volume 20, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 329345
Bishop C. Zagraniczne formacje SS. Zagraniczni
ochotnicy w Waen-SS w latach 19401945.
Warszawa, 2006
GEORG TESSIN Verbande und Truppen der
deutschen Wehrmacht und Waen SS
References
[1] Rolf-Dieter Mueller, The Unknown Eastern Front, (Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2012), p. 222
[2] Between the two dictatorships. Military Literature (in
Russian). Retrieved 21 April 2013.
[3] Guerilla Republic. The administration of the Bryansk
region (in Russian). Retrieved 21 April 2013.
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