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Abstract: An experiment was conducted at the farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),
Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of levels of urea super granules and depth of placement on the growth and
yield of transplant aman rice. The experiment consisted of two varieties namely, BINA Dhan 4 and BRRI Dhan
32, three levels of urea super granules and three depth of placement of urea super granules. The results revealed
that the effect of variety was significant in respect of yield and most of the plant characters. The higher grain
yield (6.06 t ha 1) was obtained from BRRI Dhan 32 mainly contributed by its higher numbers of effective tillers
hill 1 and grains panicle 1. The lowest grain yield (3.85 t ha 1) was observed in BINA Dhan 4. Effect of levels
of urea super granules significantly influenced all the yield attributes and growth characters, except plant
height, total grains panicle 1, 1000-grain weight, straw yield and harvest index. The highest grain yield (5.22 t
ha 1) was obtained when the crop fertilized with 80 kg N ha 1 as USG. Effect of depth of placement of urea
super granules significantly influenced all the yield attributes and growth character of transplant aman rice
except 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest grain yield (5.36 t ha 1) was obtained when the crop
grown with 6 cm depth of placement of urea super granules. Depth of 8 cm placement of USG gave the lowest
grain yield (4.58 t ha 1). The interaction effect of variety, levels of urea super granules and depth of placement
of USG had significant effects on most of the growth characters and yield attributes. The grain yield was not
affected by the interaction of variety, levels of urea super granules and depth of placement of USG. However,
numerically the highest grain yield (7.00 t ha 1) was found in BRRI Dhan 32 coupled with 80 kg N ha 1 as USG
at 6 cm depth of placement and the lowest grain yield (3.33 t ha 1) was found in BINA Dhan 4 fertilized with 120
kg N ha 1 as USG at 8 cm depth of placement.
Key words: Aman Rice
Variety
INTRODUCTION
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the major food crop of
Bangladesh covering about 80 percent of total cropped
area. Agriculture of Bangladesh is characterized by
intensive crop production with rice based cropping
systems. But the yield of rice is much below compared to
that in other rice growing countries of the world. The area
and production of rice in Bangladesh are about 11.34
million hectare and 34.13 million tons, respectively.
Transplant aman covers the largest area, about 5.53
1103
1104
1105
Effective tillers
Non effective
Total tillers
at harvest (cm)
at 60 DAT
hill
tillers hill
hill
V1
116.57 b
4.20 b
9.39 b
2.79 a
11.30 b
V2
133.77 a
5.73 a
10.22 a
1.07 b
12.25 a
Level of significance
**
**
**
N1
123.83
4.85 b
9.22 b
1.87 b
11.31 b
N2
125.12
4.87 b
10.67 a
1.83 b
11.67 b
N3
126.62
5.16 a
9.53 b
2.10 a
12.34 a
Level of significance
NS
**
**
**
Characters
(no.)
(no.)
(no.)
Variety
USG level
115.81 b
4.15 d
8.69 d
2.69
10.80
V1N 2
117.11 b
4.16 d
10.18 b
2.62
11.00
V1N 3
116.83 b
4.31 c
9.31 c
3.07
12.09
V2N 1
131.82 a
5.56 b
9.76 bc
1.05
11.82
V2N 2
133.14 a
5.59 b
11.16 a
1.04
12.33
V2N 3
136.41 a
6.03 a
9.76 bc
1.13
12.60
Level of significance
**
NS
NS
D1
125.93 b
4.76 b
9.86 b
1.87 b
11.66 b
D2
127.81 a
5.57 a
10.57 a
1.61 c
12.62 a
D3
121.81 c
4.57 c
9.00 c
2.32 a
11.05 c
Level of significance
**
**
**
**
**
117.82 d
4.22 de
9.47 c
2.69 b
11.24 c
V1D 2
119.92 c
4.29 d
10.20 b
2.29 c
11.98 b
V1D 3
112.03 d
4.12 e
8.51 d
3.40 a
10.67 d
V2D 1
134.03 a
5.29 b
10.24 b
1.04 e
12.07 b
V2D 2
135.81 a
6.86 a
10.93 a
0.94 e
13.27 a
V2D 3
131.51 b
5.03 c
9.89 c
1.24 d
11.42 c
Level of significance
**
**
CV (%)
1.96
3.15
4.65
10.51
3.67
In a column figures having common letter(s) do not differ significantly whereas figures having dissimilar letters differ significantly as per DMRT * = Significant
at 5% level of probability, ** = Significant at 1% level of probability, NS = Not significant, USG = Urea super granules.
Plant height at
harvest (cm)
Effective tillers
hill 1 (no.)
Non effective
tillers hill 1 (no.)
Total tillers
hill 1 (no.)
4.57 ef
5.55 b
4.45 f
4.73 de
4.42 b
4.47 f
4.96 c
5.73 a
4.79 cd
*
3.15
9.67 cd
10.27 b
7.73 f
10.63 ab
11.17 a
10.20 bc
9.27 de
10.27 d
9.07 e
**
4.65
1.77 cd
1.74 de
2.10 b
1.90 bc
1.50 e
2.10 b
1.93 bc
1.60 de
2.77 a
**
10.51
11.17 d
12.00 c
10.77 de
11.27 d
13.27 a
10.47 e
12.53 b
12.60 b
11.90 c
**
3.67
4.15
4.22
4.08
4.22
4.22
4.04
4.28
4.42
4.22
4.99
6.89
4.82
5.24
6.63
4.90
5.65
7.06
5.36
9.40
9.53
7.13
10.00
10.93
9.60
9.00
10.13
8.80
9.93
11.00
8.33
11.27
11.40
10.80
9.53
10.40
9.33
2.60 bc
2.53 cd
2.93 b
2.73 bc
2.20 de
2.93 b
2.73 bc
2.13 e
4.33 a
0.93 fg
0.93 fg
1.27 f
1.07 fg
0.80 g
1.27 f
1.13 fg
1.07 fg
1.20 f
10.47 hi
11.67 d-f
10.27 i
11.13 gh
12.07 d-f
9.81 i
12.13 de
12.20 c-e
11.93 d-f
11.87 d-f
12.33 b-d
11.27 fg
11.40 e-g
14.47 a
11.13 gh
12.93 bc
13.00 b
11.87 d-f
Level of significance
CV (%)
NS
3.15
NS
4.65
**
10.51
**
3.67
NS
1.96
In a column figures having common letter(s) do not differ significantly whereas figures having dissimilar letters differ significantly as per DMRT * = Significant
at 5% level of probability, ** = Significant at 1% level of probability, NS = Not significant, USG = Urea super granules.
1107
1108
1109
Panicle
length (cm)
Filled grains
panicle 1 (no.)
Unfilled grains
panicle 1 (no.)
Total grains
panicle 1 (no.)
1000-grain
weight (g)
Grain yield
(t ha 1)
Straw
yield (t ha 1)
Harvest
index (%)
Variety
V1
V2
Level of significance
25.70b
26.16a
*
119.05b
132.24a
**
18.98a
13.65a
**
138.93b
145.89a
**
27.53a
21.84b
**
3.85b
6.06a
*
4.47b
7.07a
*
46.28
46.02
NS
USG level
N1
N2
N3
Level of significance
25.92ab
26.37a
25.49b
*
125.13b
132.02a
119.81c
**
16.40b
14.26c
18.29a
**
142.41
148.04
136.92
NS
24.48
24.59
24.98
NS
4.91b
5.222a
4.72b
*
5.69
6.09
5.23
NS
46.10
46.24
46.10
NS
25.57
26.21
25.31
26.28
26.53
25.67
NS
117.03d
125.21c
115.02d
133.23b
138.91a
124.62c
*
19.40b
16.27c
21.27a
13.40d
12.24c
15.31c
*
138.42
114.63
133.83
146.32
151.41
140.04
NS
27.53
27.56
27.51
21.43
21.63
22.44
NS
3.89c
4.00c
3.67c
5.94b
6.44a
5.78b
*
4.51
4.63
4.28
6.87
7.55
6.77
NS
46.24
46.43
46.17
45.97
46.04
46.04
NS
125.53b
133.32a
118.22c
**
16.38c
17.76b
18.81a
**
142.52b
148.92a
135.81c
**
25.00
24.76
24.29
NS
4.92b
5.36a
4.58c
**
5.74ab
6.22a
5.36b
*
46.18
46.37
45.89
NS
118.43d
125.93c
112.92e
132.71b
140.61a
123.42c
18.82b
17.07c
21.04a
13.93d
10.44e
16.58c
138.12
146.82
131.83
146.91
151.03
139.81
27.42
27.91
27.27
22.59
21.60
21.32
3.83e
4.22d
3.50f
6.00b
6.50a
5.67c
2.42
4.86
4.13
7.05
7.57
6.58
46.39
46.53
45.92
45.99
46.20
45.85
Level of significance
CV (%)
*
2.83
**
5.08
NS
5.34
NS
5.58
*
5.75
NS
13.98
NS
1.87
NS
3.38
In a column figures having common letter(s) do not differ significantly whereas figures having dissimilar letters differ significantly as per DMRT * = Significant
at 5% level of probability, ** = Significant at 1% level of probability, NS = Not significant, USG = Urea super granules.
Panicle
length (cm)
Filled grains
panicle 1 (no.)
Unfilled grains
panicle 1 (no.)
Total grains
panicle 1 (no.)
1000-grain
weight (g)
Grain
yield (t ha 1)
Straw
yield (t ha 1)
Harvest
index (%)
126.61cd
130.32bc
118.52e
131.33b
139.13a
125.61d
118.71e
130.42bc
110.33f
*
15.97c
13.30d
19.93a
14.27d
12.23e
16.27c
18.90b
15.73c
20.23a
**
143.91
147.04
136.22
146.91
155.93
141.22
136.73
143.92
130.14
NS
24.52
24.69
24.24
24.53
24.80
24.45
25.96
24.78
24.20
NS
4.92
5.25
4.58
5.08
5.75
4.83
4.75
5.08
4.33
NS
5.75
6.09
5.24
5.94
6.62
5.71
5.52
5.94
5.12
NS
46.13
46.33
45.84
46.20
46.55
45.95
46.23
46.21
45.87
NS
18.13c
17.53c
22.53a
17.13c
13.53d
18.13c
21.20ab
20.13b
22.47a
13.80d
9.07f
17.33c
11.40e
10.93e
14.40d
16.60c
11.33e
18.00c
139.71
140.90
130.82
142.73
157.54
133.51
132.13
138.14
131.11
148.21
149.11
141.52
151.53
154.23
148.94
141.32
149.71
129.13
27.57
27.72
27.30
27.42
27.96
27.30
27.28
28.06
27.20
21.47
21.65
21.17
21.65
21.65
21.59
24.65
21.50
21.18
4.00
4.17
3.50
3.83
4.50
3.67
3.67
4.00
3.33
5.83
6.33
5.67
6.33
7.00
6.00
5.83
6.17
5.33
4.65
4.82
4.15
4.42
5.16
4.29
4.28
4.60
3.95
6.93
7.36
6.33
7.46
8.07
7.12
6.76
7.27
6.29
46.54
46.37
45.80
46.46
46.67
46.16
46.16
46.54
45.80
45.73
46.29
45.88
45.95
46.44
45.74
46.29
45.88
45.95
Level of significance NS
CV (%)
3.38
**
5.08
NS
5.34
NS
5.58
NS
5.75
NS
13.98
NS
1.87
**
2.83
In a column figures having common letter(s) do not differ significantly whereas figures having dissimilar letters differ significantly as per DMRT * = Significant
at 5% level of probability, ** = Significant at 1% level of probability, NS = Not significant, USG = Urea super granules.
1112
1113
1114
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that
the performance of BRRI Dhan32 was better than that of
BINA Dhan4 in the transplant aman season 80 kg N ha 1
as USG gave better performance in respect of grain yield.
Hence, it is expected that urea super granules may enable
small scale rice farmers to apply 2 granules in the centre of
4 hills in alternate rows. Among the depth of placement of
USG, 6 cm depth gave better performance in respect of
grain yield which proved best placement depth of USG.
However, further trails are necessary to arrive at a definite
conclusion.
REFERENCES
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1115
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1116