Topic 1: Statistical Analysis

1.1.1 State that error bars are graphical representation of the variability of data
Error bars are a graphical representation of the variability of data it can be used to show either the range of the data
or the standard deviation
1.1.2 Calculate the mean and standard deviation of a set of values
Mean calculation: Sum of all data number of data
Standard deviation calculation (using calculator): Plot data in List 2 nd STAT MATH 7 insert List
Enter
1.1.3 State that the term standard deviation is used to summarize the spread of values around the mean, and that 68%
of the values fall within one standard deviation of the mean
Standard deviation: used to summarize the spread of values around the mean, and In a normal distribution curve 68%
of the value fall within one standard deviation of the mean and 95% of the data will fall within 2 standard
deviation of the mean
1.1.4 Explain how the standard deviation is useful for comparing the means and the spread of data between two or more
samples
Small standard deviation = data is clustered closely around the mean value; Large standard deviation = date is
widely spread around the mean value
1.1.5 Deduce the significance of the difference between two sets of data using calculated values for t and the
appropriate tables
For a T-test to be applied, the data must have a normal distribution and a sample size of at least 10
T-test is used to find out whether there is a significant difference between the means of two populations
1.1.6 Explain the existence of a correlation does not establish that there is a casual relationship between two variables
Correlation is not a proof of cause one factor may not necessarily be linked to the cause of change in another, and
the two variables may be correlated due to a third variable