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WESM Handbook
The Philippine Electricity Market Corporation (PEMC) provides this document (the Document)
for general information purposes only. The information contained in this Document is correct
to the best of PEMCs knowledge at the time of publishing but may change over time. The
Document is reviewed and updated from time to time. If you have further inquiries regarding this
Document, please contact PEMCs Participant Support Section via e-mail at helpdesk@wesm.ph,
or through telephone at (+632) 631.8734 loc. 229/239.
Disclaimer/Waiver:
All information in this document may still be subject to change after final verification by the
PEMC. This publication is meant to provide a timely overview of the trading operations in the
WESM. As such, PEMC does not make any representation or warranties as to the completeness
or accuracy of the information. PEMC, likewise, accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever,
for any loss or costs incurred by the reader arising from, or in relation to, any contributions or
assumptions derived from the information.
Editorial Team
CONTRIBUTORS
Phillip C. Adviento
Josephine C. Corpuz
Cerise M. Cabactulan
Eric Nio U. Louis
Menachem Reykarl B. Loyola
Katrina A. Garcia-Amuyot
Daisy Jane C. Alfafara
Arnesh Y. Inostro
Theresse Joy V. Calo
Edwin N. Mosa
Arthur P. Pintado
Edward I. Olmedo
Layout Artist
Rhlee B. Amojilar
Adviser
Robinson P. Descanzo
Table of contents
WESM Operations
Introduction
WESM Timetable
Market Suspension
Load Forecasting
10
Introduction
10
11
12
13
Introduction
13
Procedure
13
15
17
19
WESM OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
A clear definition and delineation of responsibilities are necessary to ensure the reliable operation of
the grid, especially with the Market Operator (MO) and the System Operator (SO) being two separate
entities.
As a result, the WESM Manual on the Dispatch Protocol was formulated after rigorous discussions
between MO and SO.
The Dispatch Protocol
Clearly establishes the WESM Timetable for the execution of specific processes (WESM Rules 3.4.2
and 10.4.8.1)
Establish scheduling and dispatch procedures to be followed in
-- Normal Conditions
-- Emergency Conditions
that should be consistent with the WESM Timetable and features of the MMS
2
2
Submission of bids and offers to WESM consistent with the WESM Timetable
Comply to the dispatch instructions of SO
Figure 1. Scheduling and Dispatch in the WESM
3
3
WESM Timetable
The Week-Ahead Projection (WAP) gives indicative hourly dispatch schedules and spot prices for the
next seven days.
Its results serve as a guide to the following entities:
Participants when bidding transactions in the market for the next seven days
SO in the determination of the cost impact of planned outages
It considers the following information, which shall be used by the Market Management System (MMS) to
generate schedules:
Demand bids and energy offers from Trading Participants
Demand forecasts
Outage Schedules
Security Limits
Latest available system snapshot
WAP
executed every
day today
produce
results for theresults
next seven
days.
WAP is isexecuted
every
to produce
for
the next seven days
D-1
D+1
D+8
D+9
TRADING DAYS
WAP
at 0900H
each
WAPis
is executed
executed at 0900H
of each of
trading
day trading
day
trAdiNG dAyS
Gathering of weather
forecasts
Preparation of demand
forecasts
Submission or revision
of bids and offers
4
4
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Publish WAP
Results in WEB
The latest information provided by
SO prior to 0900H shall be used
System Snapshot
Outage Schedule
Security Limit
Transmission Limit
Contingency List
Basic WESM 2014
The Day-Ahead Projection (DAP) gives indicative hourly dispatch schedules and spot prices covering the
succeeding hours of the day up to the end of the following day.
It allows the SO to prepare a more accurate contingency plan for the relevant intervals.
It considers the following information, which shall be used by the Market Management System (MMS) to
generate schedules
Demand bids and energy offers from Trading Participants
Revisions of bids and offers for consideration in the DAP run can be done until a cut-off time
(four hours prior to the trading hour)
Demand forecasts
Outage Schedules
Security Limits
Latest available system snapshot
DAP is executed every four hours to produce results for the succeeding hours until the end of the
following day.
DAP is executed every four hours to produce results for the succeeding hours until the end of the
Figure 3. WESM Timetable: DAP
following day
trAdiNG dAyS
0800H DAP
0400H DAP
10
11
12
13
14
1200H DAP
15
16
17
18
19
1600H DAP
The latest information provided by SO prior to each DAP run shall be used
The latest bids and offers shall be used. Submission or revision of bids and offers relevant to the succeeding hours can
be made prior to the execution of the DAP run.
Demand forecasts for each of the succeeding hours evaluated by the DAP run should be provided prior to its execution.
Revisions may still be implemented prior to the DAP run
DAP Run at
Current Day D
From
To
0400H
0500H of D
2400H of D
0800H
0900H of D
2400H of D
1200H
1300H of D
2400H of D+1
1600H
1700H of D
2400H of D+1
2000H
2100H of D
2400H of D+1
2400H
0100H of D+1
2400H of D+1
5
5
The Hour-Ahead or Real-Time Dispatch (RTD) publishes schedules that shall be implemented by SO,
and spot prices that shall be used in the settlement of market transactions.
The RTD schedules are subject to the final screening of SO before a dispatch instruction is issued to a
Trading Participant.
The dispatch schedule is the target MW loading of all Trading Participants at the end of a trading interval.
RTD is executed every 55th minute of the hour.
40
50
00
10
20
Trading Interval HH
30
HH-2
Trading Interval HH
40
50
10
20
30
HH-1
40
50
00
10
HH
20
30
40
HH+1
The Real-Time Ex-Post (RTX) represents the duration of the trading interval.
It is not used by the SO in the dispatch implementation since it is merely used for price discovery, in
which its results represent the actual events that transpired for the duration of the trading interval
Its results are used to settle imbalances in the market (schedule vs. actual)
RTX is executed every 1st minute of the hour
Trading Interval HH
40
50
HH-2
6
6
00
10
20
30
40
HH-1
50
10
20
30
40
HH
50
00
10
20
30
HH+1
40
Activities
Responsible Group
MO
SO
Appendix A.1
Demand Forecasting
Appendix A.2
Outage Scheduling
Appendix A.3
Contingency Planning
Appendix A.4
Appendix A.5
Appendix A.6
Dispatch Implementation
Appendix A.7
Appendix A.8
Appendix A.9
Appendix A.10
Appendix A.11
WESM Rules 6.3.1.1 states that an emergency condition is a situation which has an adverse effect on
electricity supply or which poses a significant threat to system security
Table 3. Clasification of Emergency Events
Activities Procedure in the Dispatch Protocol
Market Failure
MMS Failure
System Operations
SO
MO
Medium-term
supply deficiency
Communication
network
Breakdown
Total system
Collapse
Communication
network
Breakdown
Effects of force
majeure events
Computer
systems failure
Grid Islanding or
Isolation
Computer
systems failure
Site-related
Emergencies
Multiple forced
Outages
Site-related
Emergencies
Threat to system
Security
7
7
WESM Rules 6.3.1.1 states that an emergency condition is a situation which has an adverse effect on
electricity supply or which poses a significant threat to system security
Table 4. WESM Tasks During Emergency System Conditions
Procedure in the Dispatch Protocol
Activities
Responsible Group
MO
SO
x
--
Appendix B.2
--
--
--
8
8
Market Suspension
(14 July 2010)
Pursuant thereto and by reason of the power system disturbance brought by typhoon BASYANG,
the commission has suspended the operations of
the WESM effective on 14 July 2010 at 1200H, as
contained in the notice of Market Suspension issued by this commission which is attached hereto
and made an integral part hereof as Annex A
FOR THE 0900H TARGET TRADING INTERVAL (08:01 AM UNTIL 09:00 AM)
Figure 8. Sample Normal Dispatch Process
FOR THE 0900H TARGET TRADING INTERVAL (08:01 AM UNTIL 09:00 AM)
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9
LOAD FORECASTING
INTRODUCTION
Forecasting is a process of predicting market condition using historical data. In the WESM, we predict the
energy to be consumed in a certain area for a specific trading interval incorporating historical data, real time
grid system status, weather condition and events.This process is known as Load Forecasting. The provision
of load demand is necessary for the calculation of market prices and dispatch schedules. It is an integral
requirement of the market dispatch optimization model. The WESM Rules provide the calculation of market
projections and real-time schedules which require accurate load demand forecast information. The load
forecasting in the market has three time frames; namely hour-ahead, day-ahead and week-ahead
forecasting.
Hour-Ahead Forecast
The process of forecasting the load energy demand for next top of the hour. It is conducted every hour and
uses the latest real time grid system status, weather condition and events. The Ex-ante (Real-Time Dispatch
or RTD) utilizes this forecast.
Day-Ahead Forecast
The process of forecasting the load energy demand for the next day and is being updated every four hours
to accurately reflect the near real time load energy demand. The Day-Ahead Projection (DAP) utilizes this
forecast.
Week-Ahead Forecast
The process of forecasting the load energy demand for the next seven days. It is being updated daily. The
forecast output is an indicative figure for Market Participant bidding strategy and generator maintenance
scheduling. The Week-Ahead Projection (WAP) utilizes this forecast.
10
10
Hourly Demand Forecasts for each Forecast Area from the current day to the next seven days shall be
determined by the Market Operator using the Similar Day Load Forecast (SDLF) module of the Market
Management System (MMS).
The Demand Forecasts obtained in the week ahead forecast shall be used as Input Demand Forecasts
to obtain the WAP and the DAP.
The summation of the Net Load Forecast plus the losses computed for a Forecast Area after the
optimization process in the relevant market run (i.e. WAP or DAP) constitutes the Final Demand
Forecast for that Forecast Area.
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11
Hour-Ahead Forecasts
Demand Forecasts for the next hour in each Forecast Area shall be determined by the Market Operator
using the Load Predictor (LDP) module of the Market Management System.
The Demand Forecasts obtained in the hour-ahead forecast shall be used as Input Demand Forecasts to
obtain the Real-Time Dispatch (RTD).
The summation of the Net Load Forecast plus the losses computed for a Forecast Area after the
optimization process in the relevant RTD run constitutes the Final Demand Forecast for that Forecasted
Area.
12
12
INTRODUCTION
The Market Operator (MO) regularly publishes operational market reports to the public required by the
WESM Rules in accordance with the WESM Timetable. Using a web-based report system, operational
market reports are easily made available online to the trading participants and the general public.
PROCEDURE
Market Participant Interface (MPI)
Registered Trading Participants (TPs) shall have access to the Market Management System (MMS) or
WESM through a Market Participant Interface (MPI). The MPI is connected to the MMS through the worldwide web. The MPI shall be used by all TPs to bid and retrieve market information from the WESM-MMS.
The MPI may be accessed through: www.mms.wesm.ph
Information to be Published
System Messages
The System Messages display is the primary link between the Trading Participant and the WESM
Market Operator. The TP is notified of all kinds of system events such as report publication and
availability, market suspension or re-activation, and the like.
System Messages are classified as:
----
13
13
WESM Website
The WESM website contains technical information on the WESM as well as all recent WESM development
and announcements.
The WESM website is: www.wesm.ph
Information to be Published
All Market information required to be published by the Market Operator under the WESM rules shall be
made accessible to the WESM members, DOE, ERC and the general public through the WESM website.
Access to the Market information other than the WESM website shall be the responsibility of the parties
concerned.
Systems and Procedures
The following are standard operating procedures that are to be observed during WESM operation:
------
WESM Timetable
WESM Operating Procedures during Normal System Condition
Emergency Procedures jointly developed by System Operator and Market Operator.
Detailed procedures developed by the System Operator in relation tocompetitive tendering
process for Ancillary Services.
Dispatch and pricing procedures in the event of load shedding and excess generation developed
in consultation with the System Operator.
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14
Findings and recommendation of the PEM auditor regarding changes in WESM rules consequent
to annual audit, review, check, or otherforms of review.
Suspension notice issued to a WESM participant. It shall also be published in a newspaper of
general circulation, as soon as practicable.
Revocation of suspension issued to a WESM Participant. It shall also be published in a
newspaper of general circulation, as soon as practicable.
WAP_DAY_LUZON
WAP_DAY_VISAYAS
NEXT_DAY_LUZON
NEXT_DAY_VISAYAS
PREVIOUS_DAY_LUZON
PREVIOUS_DAY_VISAYAS
RTD Marginal Plant
RTX Marginal Plant
The WAP is executed daily to project the hourly results for the next seven days (e.g. Monday WAP run
contains hourly results from the next day (Tuesday) up to the following Monday).
15
15
The DAP is executed every four hours to project the hourly results from the next hour of the same day, up
until the end study period of a particular run (some DAP runs end at 2400H of the same day while other DAP
runs end at 2400H of the next day). The following table shows the study periods of the different DAP runs.
Table 5. DAP Runs
DAP RUN
FROM
TO
0400H
0500H of DAY D
2400H of DAY D
0800H
0900H of DAY D
2400H of DAY D
1200H
1300H of DAY D
1600H
1700H of DAY D
2000H
2100H of DAY D
2400H
The information contained herein are those obtained at real-time for the RTD and RTX workflows, and it
does not reflect any pricing corrections that may be involved in cases of pricing errors.
The Market Operator regularly publishes market reports to the public that contains a summary of the
markets results, primarily involving the RTD and RTX.
16
16
RTD
RTX
Energy
Dispatch Target
Nodal Price
Ex-Ante Price
Ex-Post Price
Publication of Results
The results of the Real Time Dispatch shall be published in accordance with the WESM timetable.
The results of the Real Time Dispatch shall be published in the Market Participant Interface (MPI) and
correspondingly submitted to the System Operator on the following schedules:
Table 7. RTD & RTX Results Schedule in the MPI
Process
Study Horizon
Execution Frequency
1 Hour-ahead
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18
SCHEDULING
OperationalAND
Market
PRICING
Reports
WESM was established as the central trading platform for the scheduling, dispatch, and net settlement of
generating facilities and loads in grids with WESM operations.
The Market Operator (MO), System Operator (SO), and Trading Participants (TPs) are the three entities
involved in the scheduling and dispatch of generating facilities in WESM.
The MO has the responsibility of forecasting demand and the scheduling of generators and loads
based on hourly generation offers and demand bids through a Security-Constrained Economic Dispatch
(SCED).
The SCED of generators and loads are obtained using WESMs MDOM, which utilizes the MNM
maintained by the MO. As such, pricing and scheduling calculations are able to consider transmission
losses and constraints.
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19
USEFUL CONTACTS
Philippine Electricity Market Corporation
Participant Support Section
9F Robinsons Equitable Tower, ADB Avenue
Ortigas Center, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Tel. No.: (+632) 631.8734 loc. 239 / 229 / 220 / 302
Facsimile: (+632) 636.0802 / 634.0985
Email: helpdesk@wesm.ph
Department of Energy
DOE Information Center
Information Technology & Management Services
Energy Center, Merritt Road
Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, Philippines 1201
Tel. No.: (+632) 840.2120
Email: info@doe.gov.ph
National Electrification Administration
57 NEA Building, NIA Road, Government Center
Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 1001
Tel No.: (+632) 929.1909 local 124
Facsimile: (+632) 929.2171