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Krashen's theory of second language acquisition consists of five main hypotheses: the Acquisition-Learning
hypothesis, the Monitor hypothesis, the Input hypothesis, the Natural Order hypothesis, and the Affective Filter
hypothesis.
Which of the following skills are considered mostly receptive? Listening and reading.
We all agree that the employment of new media has a huge influence on teaching and learning languages. Thats
correct to say that applying technological tasks at our public shools: Can be a difficult task
Mark the only sentence which expresses a myth about the English language learning: Children learn second
languages quickly and easily.
By 1966, there was an important spread of English language teaching all over Brazil. This was due to: The
franchising system
Mark the only option which is not a consequence of studying English as a foreign language in a globalized world:
English has the same prestige as French as foreign languages
In order for the scaffolding to be effective, if a child asks a question about a particular topic, the adult may first ask
the child, "Well, what do you, think about that?" Once the adult knows what the child thinks, he can: decide which
ideas to confirm and which ones to extend
Louise is a novice teacher and she thinks the Community Language Learning has several weaknesses. Discuss at
least three of them: The lesson can take unexpected and even dangerous directions. The method is pitched directly
at the emotions and attitudes of the learners, and can release negative as well as positive emotions. The approach
may awaken interpersonal hostilities that are difficult to control or channel into more positive directions. These may,
in fact, destroy the very cohesion and solidarity which the method is supposed to create. There may also be
difficulties in trying to use the approach with learners who, due to their previous learning experiences, may be
antagonistic towards the teacher for taking a low classroom profile, and may express the belief that the teacher is
not doing his/her job. If this method or any other were to be imposed on a group of unwilling learners, it would be
highly unlikely that a positive climate will emerge.
Susan has been studying English for 7 years and she is still at the lower intermediate stage. She thinks she can't
progress in her learning because she has a lot of difficulty with languages. Which of Krashen's hypotheses can
explain Susan's process of foreign language acquisition: The Affective filter hypothesis. Krashen claims that
learners with low self-steem and low motivation are more likely to create a "mental block" that prevents
comprehensible input from being used for acquisition.
Mark the sentence with the word which best completes the following sentence: Globalization and the status of
English as a ___ language are affecting the teaching and learning of English worldwide: World
Who says that A language is what native speakers say, not what someone thinks they ought to say? Structuralists
and behaviorists
Mark the only option which does not favor critical reflective teaching? Teaching as a solitary process
Complete the sentences below with the parts of the brain and what they are responsible for in the process of
language acquisition: 2 - 3 - 1 - 4 / 1) The area in front of the fissure of Rolando is. 2) The upper part of the temporal
lobe is. 3) The lower-back part of the frontal lobe is. 4) The area at the back of the occipital lobe is . (2) the main
area involved in auditory reception. (3) primarily involved in the encoding of speech. (1) relevant to the study of
speaking and writing. (4) used for the processing of visual input.
Which of the following can be considered language learning strategies? All of them. (1) repeating new vocabulary
on a daily basis; (2) interacting with native speakers of the language; (3) reading newspapers in the foreign
language; (4) listening to songs in the foreign language.
Which of the following is NOT one of Krashen's hypothesis of language acquisition? The Behaviourist Hypothesis
Complete the sentence with the most suitable word: "It can be said that, semiotics is a fundamental issue to be
considered in language teaching pedagogy, because it helps the individual to develop his ___ at all levels of
perception: Cognitive facilities
Mark the option which best completes the following statement; "Input hypothesis is concerned with: 'acquisition',
not 'learning'
A teacher in a very traditional school used to practice verbs showing the students cards with personal pronouns
such as I, You, She, etc. She had two other cards: a red and a green one which she chose to show the students if
they were right or wrong. We can say this teacher bases her lessons on a/an ___ approach: Behaviorist approach
Mark the strategy which would grarantee a better teaching of second languages at public schools: Improvee
teachers academic formation at universities
Vygotskys theory: Views the development of language as a complex interaction between the child and the
environment
Proponents of these methods believe that if learners can be encouraged to adopt the right attitudes, interests and
motivation in the target language and culture, as well as in the learning environment in which they find themselves,
then successful learning will occur, and that if these affective factors are not right, then no set of techniques is likely
to succeed: The proponents follow the humanistic tradition
Choose the method or approach which places an emphasis on creating a physical environment that makes students
feel as relaxed and comfortable as possible. The method or approach is: Suggestopedia

23. In recent years has been on the development of classroom tasks and activities which are consonant with what we
know about processes of second language acquisition, and which are also in keeping with the dynamics of the
classroom itself. By reading the previous statement you can infer: Thats true because theres not a perfect method
therefore teachers should be responsible for their choices
24. The statement that ther is no perfect method leads to the idea that: Teachers are responsible for the choice of
strategies and ways of learning/teaching
25. An objective evaluation of methods is not just an assessment of learners language attainments; it also involves an
objective attribution of: He learning that has taken place to the teaching that has been done.
26. Discuss the following statement; " Is there an ideal method?" There is no ideal method. Each method has
advantages and disadvantadges. Teachers have to develop tasks to suit their studentsneeds.
27. The stage in a child's language development known as "babbling" usually occurs during: 25 - 50 weeks
28. What's the difference between learning styles and language learning strategies? Learning styles are general
approaches to learning a subject (for example, one can favour a more analytical or global style, or be considered
to be a visual or auditory learner). On the other hand, language learning strategies are specific actions taken to
facilitate the learning process.
29. Which of the following is NOT an example of language handicap? Colour blindness
30. Read the following account from a language learner: "When reading a text in English and coming across any
unknown vocabulary, I never stop reading to check the meaning of the word. Instead, I try to guess the meaning
from context." This use of language learning strategies is an example of: Compensatory strategies
31. Which of the following is an example of SELF-WRITING? Journal
32. Which of the following is a role of a teacher in the FL classroom? Facilitator.
33. Mark the best option. Teaching is a very personal activity, and it is not surprising that individual teachers bring to
teaching: Very different beliefs and assumptions about what constitutes effective teaching
34. Teaching is a very personal activity, and it is not surprising that individual teachers bring to teaching very different
beliefs and assumptions about what constitutes effective teaching: I completely agree with the statement.
35. Mark the only option which does not make part of the beliefs about present curriculum processes? Repetition of
patterns
36. Which quality is implicit in the type of collaborative and cooperative environment? Trust
37. Each brain hemisphere has its role and can be more involved in the performance of certain activities than in others."
This is the definition to the concept of: Dominance
38. The brain area primarily involved with intellectual functions is the: Cerebral cortex
39. Mark the option which best completes the statement . Vygotsky advocates that the role of a psychologist should
be to understand how human social and mental activity is organized through culturally constructed: Artefacts
40. Ricardo takes reflection as part of his teaching process. He thinks that a reflective teacher makes a deliberate move
to allow teachers thinking critically of their teaching practice so that their students can: Maximize their learning.
41. Carolina is a teacher involved in the reflective process. Whenever she gives a task and notices her students are
not following it properly, she is able to stop and change directions. The process she uses is: Reflection-in-action
42. ___ language strategies are those which enable learners to manipulate the language material in direct ways:
Cognitive
43. In line with the recent shift of emphasis from the notion of training to that of development, the idea of teacher
exploration or an exploratory approach functions as a sort of: Liberating tool for teachers from the pressure of
identifying a best or better way of teaching.
44. Which tools do not make part of individual self observation: Supervisors visits
45. In the process of teachinglearning foreign languages, who should be more intereted in observing classroom
practices: Teachers themselves
46. Youre a teacher/technologist and you feel your role is changing dramatically due to the convergence of internal
and external forces that dictate how new technologies can be used for language learning in an institution. What are
they? Mention at least 3: 1- the fact that social software and collaborative technologies hold extraordinary potential
for language teaching and learning. 2- the reality that there are specific, user-centric technologies that are now a
normative means for our students to communicate, collaborate, and play with their peers. 3- the acknowledgement
that there are security-oriented institutional constraints imposed upon technologies for teaching and learning in
most academic settings that may limit the scope and the range of any technology used for teaching. 4- the analysis
of the way in which we teach language and promote cultural literacy in the foreign language classroom
47. Which of the following levels of proficiency demand a more teacher-centred approach to teaching: beginner,
intermediate or advanced? Why? Beginners. Teachers have to provide learners with more language at this stage
48. What are the principles for the Communicative Method in Semiotics? One option does not apply: Activities should
be imaginary
49. We can say that English is recognized as lingua franca because: It has official or special status in at least 75
countries
50. Which of the following statements are true about Krashen's Acquisition-Learning hypothesis? 1 and 3 - (1) There
are two independent systems of second language performance: the acquired and the learned system. (2) The

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"learned" system is the product of the subconscious process. (3) The "acquired" system is a very similar process
to the one a child undergoes when learning a first language.
The process of understanding the way a language system works via its structures and rules is called: Learning
Sociocultural perspectives on language learning, as influenced by the work of Vygotsky (Lantolf & Appel, 1994;
Warschauer, 1997), provide a complementary position that considers language learners in direct relation to: their
social and cultural surroundings and condition
Language learners engaged in computer-mediated contact with othersfor example, in chat rooms where writing
becomes speakingtend to produce more language than in: In face-to-face discussions
Pedro Miranda is a very diligent young teacher. He has been teaching English for two years and uses
institutionalized English language learning based on culture-specific prescriptive norms. You can say: he is wrong
because that may result in establishing them as auxiliary members of the culture they teach, something not in
harmony with their own self-image.
In language teaching, the teachers use different methods depending on the goals and objectives of the course.
Taking into consideration the students' needs, a variety of materials are used for different purposes in the language
classroom. Besides their linguistic and pedagogic value, most of these materials have semiotic value. Discuss
symbols presented in different methods: EX: the British flag and London clock tower symbolize the British Society
in general. The double-decker buses practised in dialogues in several methods help the language learner to get to
know more about the social and cultural cues in the target language. Such symbols also fasten the cultural
acquisition of the foreign language learner. Others examples may be given
Social software tools challenge the language teacher/technologist to examine critically the current pedagogical
practices for language teaching. Social software, by its very nature, is about creating: Communities and
connections.
Sara uses the collaborative model of teacher development and that implies that her students: Need to own
responsibility for the learning processes and outcomes
What are the principles of situational language teaching? Mark the sentence which is not correct: Analysis is better
than analogy.
John is a student at intermediate level of language learning. His teacher has revised the first and second
conditionals in a previous lesson and today he is going to be exposed to sentences in the third conditional. This is
the first time he will come across samples of language in the third conditional but the teacher is going to make
reference to what they know about the first and the second in order to expand on the subject of the third conditional.
This is an example of which of Krashen's theories? The Natural Order Hypothesis.
Mark the only option which does not complete the following sentence:" Technology in second language teaching
is important because it: also presents negative effects of computer use in terms of inexperience or aversion,
Which of the following is NOT a correct complement to the following sentence: A child learns a first language mostly
by: Reading language
Teachers must be aware that when they are dealing with language and always choose a certain variety that can
contribute to: Exclusion in the minds of students
The globalized world has changed the relationship among nations in relation to foreign languages because: There
are new comercial relationships
That is not proper to say that distance learning programs can: Be in accordance to each teachers beliefs.
What are the principles of situational language teaching? Mark the sentence which is not correct: Analysis is better
than analogy.
Which of the following items listed below are examples of extrinsic motivation? 1, 2, 3 only - (1) Money (2) Grades
(3) Positive feedback (4) self-determination.
Peirce developed a semiotic theory that is at once general, triadic and pragmatic. Mark the statement which is not
correct: Its triadic because it brings two terms into relation: the sign or representamen and the interpretant
When teaching children educators should be attentive to the following aspects EXCEPT one. Choose the one item
that does not apply to young learners pedagogy: Rules should be taught by means of abstract concepts.
When teaching the spoken language, the concern with the natural flow of language is known as: Fluency
Which concept, according to Van Lier, does not concern an ecological approach to language and language
learning? Structural knowledge
One of the differences between SPEAKING and WRITING is that the former is "time-bound, dynamic, transient"
while the latter is "space-bound, static, permanent". Having this in mind we can say that: A written message can
be acessed at any time.
The theory which states that the learner brings knowledge which will help him decode the message in a given text
is known as: Schema theory
The study of language as it is used in a social context and its effects on the interlocutor is known as: Pragmatics
Karen was told that if her level of English was intermediate or above, she would be granted a scholarship in London.
For this reason, she started studying English and got to the level of proficiency she needed to get the scholarship.
The situation desccribed is an example of: Extrinsic motivation
___ motivation is that which arises within the learner. It does not need any sort of reward as the only reward will be
the activity itself: Intrinsic

76. Joana is a Brazilian student of English. While watching films, she makes a list of interesting expressions she hears
and tries to put them into use. By doing so, she is making use of: Language learning strategies.
77. Mark the only option which does not make part of the tenets which have an impact on a learner inter-language
progression: Learning of meaningless rules
78. "An important characteristic of child language which started to receive attention is that it is rule-governed, even if
initially the rules children create do not correspond to adult ones. Discuss the statement: As early as the two-word
stage, children express relationships between elements in a sentence, such as possession, negation or location,
in a consistent way. Also, it has been demonstrated convincingly that when children produce an adult-like form
which is the result of the application of a rule, such as for example adding s to dog in order to produce the plural
form dogs, they are not merely imitating and repeating parrot-fashion the adult language around them
79. Anna is a language learner who has started studying English many times because she loves the language. She
thinks she cannot speak English well because she doesn't have an aptitude for languages. The factor that affects
her learning is a/an --- one: Affective.
80. In the field of psychology, the pre-eminent role for the environment which was argued by Skinner in shaping the
childs learning and behavior was losing ground in favor of more: Developmentalist views of learning
81. Jones is an experienced teacher. He gives some clues when using routines. What are they? Mark the only one
which does not fit the actions of an expert? Follow a book and use its exercises because he believes that can guide
him
82. Learning consists of acquiring organizing principles through encountering experience. This makes part of a lesson:
Which is learner centered
83. Teachers can understand the link between their private troubles and broader political actions by: Consulting
literature and theory
84. Which of the following is fundamental in a child's process of learning a first language? The mothers input
85. The process of natural assimilation of a language via interaction, in which the learner has active participation in the
language learning process is called: Acquisition