Chapter 4-5 Notes: Graphing and Writing Linear Equations

4.1/4.2 Graph Linear Equations

Review: Graph the points and name the quadrant it lies in
A(0,0) ____________
B(5, -7) ____________
C(-4, -2) ____________
D(-5,0) _____________
E(3, 4)_____________
F(1,0) ______________
G(3, 6)______________
H(0,4) _____________

Is the ordered pair a solution?

1) 3x y = 7 ; (1, -4)
2) 3x y = 7 ; (3, 4)

3) -x + 2y = 8; (-2, 3)

Linear Equation:

Graphing Lines with a Table

To graph a line with a table we pick a few independent values for x, then solve for y.
4) y = 2x - 3
x

y = 2x 3

5) y = x + 1
x

y=x+1

6) y + 3x = -2
y

7) 2y + 3x = 6
y

Graph y = b and x = a

x = a
When x = a, draw a vertical line through the ________________ at the point x = a.
8) Graph x = 2

9) x = -3

10) x = 4.5

y = b
When y = b, draw a horizontal line through the _________________ at the point y = b.
11) Graph y = 4

12) y = -2

13) y = 5.5

Summarize

Explain in your own words what kind of equations are graphed as horizontal
and vertical lines. How will you remember to keep them apart?

4.3 Graph Linear Equations Using Intercepts

Find the x and y intercepts Cover-Up Method

x-intercept:

y-intercept:

1) 3x + 2y = 6

2) 4x + 2y = 12

3) -3x + 5y = -15

4) x + 2y = 4

Graph by plotting the x and y intercepts

1) 2x 3y = 6

2) 3x + 4y = -12

3) y = 2x + 4

4) y = x - 3

4.4 Finding Slope and Rate of Change

Slope:

1. Plot the points (2, 3) and (0, -1) then draw in the rise over
run to find the slope.

rise = ________
run

Find the slope using a graph.

2. Find the slope

3. (0,-4) and (3, 0)

Finding the Slope Algebraically Tell whether the slope is rising, falling, zero or undefined.
4. (-2, 4) and (1, 3)
5. (2, -10) and (12, 10)

6. (-2, -2) and (3, -2)

7. (-3, 0) and (-3, 3)

Challenge
Find the value of y so the line passes through each pair of points has the given slope:(-1, -3) and
(7, y) and m = 3/4.

Classifications of Slopes
1. ____________

2. _____________ 3. _____________

4. _____________

REAL LIFE APPLICATIONS

Rate is another word for slope because it measures a change in 2 variables
Rate = change in something
Change in time

like Miles Per Hour = change in distance

Change in time

Time is usually your x-value

1) Use the table to find the rate of change in paycheck with respect to time.
Time (hours)
Paycheck (dollars)

2
$10

4
$20

6
$30

2) Use the table to find the rate of change in distance with respect to time.
Time (hours)
Distance (miles)

3
200

8
700

13
1200

4.5 and 5.1 Linear Equations in Slope-Intercept Form

Slope-Intercept Form of a line

Identify the slope and y-intercept of each line

1. y = 2x + 3
Slope:

2.
y-intercept:

3
x 5
4

Slope:

3. 2y + 3x = 8
Slope:

y-intercept:

4. 3x - 3y = 12

y-intercept:

Slope:

y-intercept:

Write the equation of the line given slope and the y-intercept.
1) slope: 3
y-int: 8

2) slope: -1
y-int: -5

5) slope: 0
y-int: -3

6) slope: 5
y-int: 0

3) slope: 2/3
y-int: -2

PARALLEL LINES

Which lines are parallel?

A) y = 2x + 1
B) 2y = 4x 3

C) 3y 6x = 9

Can you write an equation of a line parallel to line D above?

D) y = -2x + 1

Graph a line using Slope-Intercept Form

1.

3.

5.

2
x 2
3

y-intercept:

slope:

2
y x 1
5
y-intercept:

2x + 3y = 6
y-intercept:
slope:

slope:

2.

y = 3x - 2
y-intercept:

slope:

4.

y = -4x + 3
y-intercept:

slope:

6.

-2x + 4y = 12

y-intercept:
slope:

Give the equation of each line.

1.

2.

3.

m:___ y-int: ___

m:___ y-int: ___

m:___ y-int: ___

line:___________

line:___________

line:___________

Give the equation of the line given two points when one is the y-intercept.
1. (0, 5) and (4, 17) y-int____ m____
2. (0, 2) and (5, -1) y-int____ m ___
line____________

6.7

line_____________

Graph Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

Tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of 5x 2y < 6.

a. (0, -3)

b. (5, 5)

c. (1, -2)

Much like an open dot and closed dot on number lines

Solid Line:

Steps:

Dashed Line:

d. (3, 3)

1. y < -x + 4

2. y > 4x 3

3. 2y + 4x > 8

Trick

4. y > 2x + 3

y > mx + b

y < mx + b

y > mx + b

y < mx + b

5. y <

1
x+4
3

6. x > -3

7. y < 5

8. x y > -4

9. 2y x < 2

5.3 Writing Equations in Point-Slope Form

Point-Slope Form

Write the equation in point-slope form.

1.) (2, 4) and m = -3

2.) (2, 6) and m = 4

3.) (-4, 1) and m = -1/2

4.) (3, -6) and m = 1/3

Graph the line in point-slope form.

1) y 1 = 5(x 3)

3) y + 2 = -(x 4) (

) m____

2) y 4 = 3(x 2) (

) m____

4) y + 3 = (x + 1) (

) m____

) m____

Write a line in Point-Slope Form that passes through 2 points.

1) (1,2) and (4, -1)

2) (2,0) and (-4, -3)

3) (-1, -2) and (2,4)

5.5 Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Parallel lines have the ______ slope.
Perpendicular lines have slopes that are __________ ___________.
Slopes of Parallel Lines:

Slopes of Perpendicular Lines:

Determine if lines are parallel, perpendicular, or neither.

a) y = 3x + 5
y = 3x - 7
d) y = 2/3 x - 3

y = -3/2 x + 5

b) y = x 8

e) y = x + 2

y = 4x 3

f) y = 5.2x + 1

y = 5.2x

c) y = 3/4 x + 1

y = -2x +

y = 4/3 x + 3

Write the equation of the line.

1) Through (3 , 2) Parallel to y = 2x + 5

2) Through (-1, -2) Parallel to y = 3x + 2

3) Through (-1, -2) Parallel to 3x y = 5

4) Through (-2, 0) Parallel to 5x y = 2

5) Through (-2, -1)

Perpendicular to y = x + 3

6) Through (4,-2) Perpendicular to y = -1/4 x + 3

7) Through (4,-2) Perpendicular to 2x 3y = 9

4.7 Function Notation

Function Notation: A new name for y
f(x) (read f of x) is another way to represent y. f(x) does NOT mean f times x.
g(x) is also common to denote another function.
Write the equations in function notation
1) y = 3x 7

2) y = 2x + 9

3) y = -3x

4) y = -5x 8

Evaluate functions for a given x value

When evaluating functions for a given x =a value write it as f(a).
Then substitute the value a in for x.
1.) f(x) = 3x 7

2.)

3
x 1
f(x) = 5

When x = -2

f(-2) =

f(-2) =

When x = 0

f(0) =

f(0) =

When x = 3

f(3) =

f(3) =

Find the x-value when f(x) = a given value

Replace f(x) with the given value, Solve for x
1) f(x) = 2x + 1; 3

2) f(x) = 2x 10; 6

3) f(x) =

2
x5
3
; -3

Find the zeros for the function.

**Where f(x) = 0.
**Gives you the x-intercept.
Find the zeros.
1.)
f(x) = 2x 4

2.)

f(x) = (2/3)x - 4

3.)

f(x) = -x + 5