Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Optech Incorporated
Industrial & 3D Imaging Division
300 Interchange Way
Vaughan, Ontario
Canada L4K 5Z8
Telephone: (01) 905-660-0808
E-mail: cms_support@optech.ca
Website: www.optech.ca
0040134/Rev A.1
July 2007
Shipping Damage
This unit is inspected before shipment. As soon as the unit is received from the carrier, and before operation, inspect the unit for damage
that may have occurred during shipment. If any damage is found, file a claim promptly with the carrier and notify Optech immediately.
Trademark
Windows 2000/NT/XP and ActiveSync are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective owners.
Comments
If you have any comments or suggestions about this documentation, contact Optech Technical Publications at techpubs@optech.ca.
Revision
Revision
Date
Description
Rev A
Nov 06
Rev A.1
Jul 07
Update
Contents
Page
1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Who should read this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CMS user documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organization of this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notice formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
1
1
3
3
3 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Visible laser pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pointer operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Infrared rangefinder laser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rangefinder laser operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minor physical hazards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11
12
12
12
13
4 PRODUCT OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Hardware components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Theory of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Important programmable settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Laser rangefinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Range measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data and power handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scanning laser head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Laser rangefinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fork assembly (motors, arm, base, insertion post) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Main components of the fork assembly (Figure 7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power module case. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hand-held controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Post-processing reduction program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support hardware (boom and masts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vertical insertion package (VIP option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tripod adapter option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-temperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
15
16
16
17
17
17
18
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
27
27
28
28
28
30
31
31
33
6 SURVEY WORKFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
37
38
40
41
42
42
42
43
45
45
46
47
47
49
50
50
52
53
53
54
54
55
57
57
58
59
60
63
64
64
65
68
68
68
69
70
70
70
71
73
73
74
74
74
75
76
76
78
78
81
83
83
85
85
85
86
88
88
88
88
89
89
90
91
91
93
94
94
95
96
96
97
97
98
115
116
116
116
116
117
117
118
118
119
119
18 TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
General troubleshooting steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Troubleshooting tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power module faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wireless connectivity faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CMS controller program faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Initialization faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scanning head motion faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rebooting the CMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft-resetting the controller. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recovering from a CMS low battery error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To recover from a CMS low battery error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting the scanning head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting the power cable and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Doing a test scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Suitable test area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To perform a test scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sample test scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Doing a laser test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
About the laser test scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To test the laser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using a different calibration file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
121
122
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
128
128
129
129
130
130
130
130
131
131
132
132
132
135
137
138
138
139
139
143
145
148
148
152
154
155
157
157
159
159
159
159
Figures
Page
Figure 1: Power module jumper disconnected for shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 2: Power module jumper closed and ready for operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 3: CMS post-processing program, main screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 4: FDA Class 2 caution label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 5: CMS theory of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 6: Scanning laser head in fork assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 7: Fork assembly diagram, showing main components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 8: Power module case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 9: Hand-held controller in cradle (delivered unit may not be as shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 10: CMS controller program, main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 11: CMS post-processing program, main window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 12: CMS masts and mast extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 13: CMS tripod adapter option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 14: CMS controller windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 15: CMS controller main menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Figure 16: Hand-held controller in cradle (delivered unit may not be as shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 17: Controller main screen, showing wireless disconnected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 18: Controller main screen, showing wireless connected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 19: Controller input prompt window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 20: CMS survey workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 21: Standard CMS survey setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 22: Skewing the CMS masts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 23: VIP survey setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 24: Controller case (boom targets not shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 25: CMS mounted to a table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 26: Standard CMS survey setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 27: Main mast and extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 28: Skewing the CMS masts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 29: Boom sections assembled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure 30: Handling the scanning head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Figure 31: Boom front target when using total station or EDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 32: VIP transport case, showing VIP rods (primary rod is tagged) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Figure 33: CMS lowered into the borehole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Figure 34: Inserting the VIP into a borehole (parts, Table 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 35: CMS holder, top and bottom views (parts, Table 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 36: Handling the scanning head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Figure 37: Laser center (with scanning head facing to the left) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Figure 38: Geo-referencing the scanning head - standard setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 39: Geo-referencing the scanning head, VIP operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Figure 40: CMS controller and post-processing windows, showing survey coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Figure 41: Controller main window, showing disconnected state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 42: Power button on power module case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Figure 43: Controller main menu, showing connected state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 44: CMS system check is successful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 45: CMS system check fails (time-out message) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Figure 46: Scanning head initialization window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 47: Initialization progress window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Figure 48: CMS reset counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 49: Survey menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Figure 50: Survey menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Tables
Page
Table 1: Type conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Table 2: Survey setup parameters for booms and masts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 3: Survey setup parameters for VIP hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Table 4: VIP package parts (Figure 34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Table 5: CMS holder assembly parts (Figure 35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Table 6: Geo-reference survey coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Table 7: General troubleshooting checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Table 8: Power module faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Table 9: Controller faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Table 10: Wireless connectivity faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Table 11: CMS controller program faults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Table 12: Initialization faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Table 13: Scanning head motion faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table 14: Data faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
This manual describes the use, programming and maintenance of Optech's Cavity
Monitoring System (CMS). It is intended for surveyors, engineers and operators who
are familiar with survey procedures, and for data processors working with CMS data.
This manual assumes that you are familiar with mine operations and the technical
concepts underlying CMS operation.
An Operation Manual and Operation Checklist are delivered with each CMS. Documentation is available in print and in Adobe Acrobat PDF format.
Organization of
this manual
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
6. Survey Workflow
Workflow flowchart showing main steps.
7. Preparing for a Survey
Planning the hardware setup, packing equipment.
8. Functional Check (Option)
Checking the CMS at the surface.
9. Setting Up Underground - Standard
Assembling support hardware, inserting the scanning head into
a cavity.
10. Setting Up Underground - VIP Option
Assembling support hardware, inserting the scanning head, for
the vertical insertion package.
11. Geo-Referencing the CMS
Geo-referencing CMS targets, establishing survey coordinates.
12. Initializing the CMS and controller
Powering on, wireless communication, initializing the
scanning head, checking batteries and data storage space.
13. Surveying with the CMS
Leveling, programming, running and stopping a survey, recovering from a lost wireless connection, checking results.
14. Packing Up after a Survey
Powering off, packing equipment, after-survey steps.
15. Downloading and Processing Survey Data
Downloading data, using the CMS post-processing program.
16. Using the Tripod Adapter Option
Using the tripod adapter for fast setup and operation.
17. Maintenance, Handling and Storage
Handling the scanning head, routine maintenance, charging
batteries, storage.
18. Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting tables, rebooting the CMS, handling low
battery, inspecting hardware, test scans, laser test.
19. Configuring the Controller
Restoring the controller configuration, installing, restoring, uninstalling and upgrading the CMS controller program.
20. Customer Support
Contacting Optech, returning equipment.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Notice formats
To highlight important information, this manual uses the following signal words. Do
not proceed until you understand the information and have complied with any
instructions:
Danger/Caution
Potential for minor or moderate injury; unsafe practices.
Notice
Damage to equipment or loss of data; policy on safety of personnel or
protection of property.
Note
Important or useful information.
Tip
Programming, operation or maintenance suggestion.
Type conventions
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Text
Type
Example
Hardware labels
Sans-serif text
POWER
PC/controller text
Bold text
Load Plan
Monospace text
C:/Program Files
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
First steps
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Standard packing
list
The following list applies to the standard CMS configuration and its most common
options. Your unit may differ.
Transport case
Scanning head
Locking pin
15-m power cable
Large boom target
Small boom target
Mast wrenches (2, option)
Case
Controller
Controller cradle
Controller serial cable
9 V charger for controller
Power cord for 9 V charger
Spare controller battery
Documentation
CMS Operation Manual
CMS Operation Checklist(s)
Controller documentation
CD
CMS controller software
Post-processing software
Boom calibration file
COEFF.ROD
VIP option
Boom bag
Boom sections A to E (5)
U-shaped internal supports for bag (3)
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Connecting the
power module
jumper
To prevent accidental operation, the internal jumper in the power module case is
disconnected (open) before shipping. Before you can charge the batteries and
operate the CMS, you must:
1. Open the power module case. The jumper is wrapped in the instruction sheet
on the foam insert.
2. Attach the jumper to the battery terminals as shown on the instruction sheet
(Figure 1 and Figure 2, page 8).
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Inspecting the
support
hardware
Before using the CMS for the first time, check that the booms and mast are stable
and fit together well.
Check that:
Locking pin for the scanning head fits the post key
Mast jacks secure and lock firmly in position
All boom sections fit together smoothly
All boom latches lock firmly in position
Nylon storage bags include all slings and interior supports.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Installing the
post-processing
program
The post-processing program and the boom calibration file are provided on CD. To
install the program:
1. Insert the CD into the CD drive on your PC.
2. Copy the following files to any folder on your PC. The two files must be in the
same folder:
CMSPosProcess.exe
COEFF.ROD.
10
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Safety
SAFETY
The CMS has two lasers, a visible laser pointer and an infrared rangefinder laser.
The lasers are housed in the scanning head, and are aligned with each other.
Visible laser
pointer
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Wavelength of 635 nm
Optical power of less than 1 mW
Laser spot diameter of less than 15 mm at a range of 5 m.
11
Safety
Pointer operation
The laser pointer fires continuously as long as the CMS is powered. This status is
shown by the LASER POINTER ON LED on the top of the scanning head.
Infrared
rangefinder laser
The infrared (IR) laser emits energy that is not visible to the human eye. This laser is
used to make range measurements.
The IR laser is designed as a Class 1 laser product as specified by the United States
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 21 CFR 1040.10-11. A label certifying compliance with FDA regulations is attached to the CMS. The model, serial number and
date of manufacture also appear on this label.
Class 1 denotes lasers that cannot, under normal operating conditions, produce a
hazard. In normal installation and use, a person may view the laser light with the
naked eye or with eyeglasses assisting vision.
As a standard laser precaution, do not stare into the laser beam while the CMS is
firing.
The IR laser emits continuous visible laser light with the following specifications:
Wavelength of 905 nm
Optical power of less than 0.2 mW
200 pulses per second (Hz).
12
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Minor physical
hazards
Safety
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
13
Safety
14
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Product Overview
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Batteries page 28
Options page 28
Hardware components
Scanning laser head, to elevate and rotate the rangefinder as it collects data
Hand-held controller (Pocket PC), to control the CMS wirelessly and collect and
store survey data
Power module case, to power the CMS and provide a wireless access point
Optional vertical insertion package (VIP), for surveys through boreholes or ore
passes
Transport case, to carry CMS hardware underground
Software components
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
15
Product Overview
Theory of
operation
16
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Product Overview
For complete information on programming, see "Surveying with the CMS" page 89.
Laser rangefinder
At the heart of the CMS, the rangefinder uses a laser diode to make non-contact
range measurements to almost any material, operating in both dark and well-lit
environments without using retro-reflectors or mirrors. The laser beam produces no
false echoes and resolves small targets at long range. The beam can be reflected
from a non-reflective surface at virtually any angle, and still return to the unit to
produce a range measurement.
Range measurements
To calculate the range, the time of flight of the laser pulse to and from a surface is
measured by a high-precision counter, and then converted into a range reading by a
microprocessor. By firing the laser rapidly and using averaging to reduce random
errors, the rangefinder produces high-resolution readings independent of range.
In operation, serial range and angle data from the scanning head is transmitted via
the power cable to a small computer in the power module case. As the survey continues, the data is then transferred via a wireless connection from the case to the
hand-held controller. The controller programs and monitors the survey over this
connection.
If wireless communication fails or survey data on the controller is lost, the data can
usually be restored. It is downloaded automatically from the power module case
when the controller establishes a wireless connection again.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
17
Product Overview
Scanning laser
head
Laser rangefinder
The Optech rangefinder measures ranges and reports the ranges to the computer in
the power module case. The rangefinder is housed in a metal hood to protect it
from dirt and damage. It has two lasers:
Rangefinder laser
Infrared beam (wavelength 905 nm) that measures distance.
This laser fires continuously as long as the CMS is powered on.
Laser pointer
Visible beam (wavelength 635 nm) that is aligned with the
rangefinder beam. It produces a red spot at the location that is
measured by the rangefinder laser.
The laser pointer fires continuously as long as the CMS has
power.
18
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Product Overview
Position the laser rangefinder according to manual instructions or a programmed pattern. It rotates the rangefinder about the boom axis, and
elevates the rangefinder about the pivot axis.
Report azimuth and elevation angle information to the computer in the
power module case.
Connect the rangefinder to the support hardware. The arm is inserted into
the receptacle on boom section A.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
19
Product Overview
20
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Power module
case
Product Overview
The power module case (Figure 8) has the following main functions:
To prevent accidental operation, the jumper between the two internal batteries is
disconnected for shipping. The jumper must be reconnected before operation
(page 7).
For battery information, see page 28.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
21
Product Overview
Hand-held
controller
The controller uses Mobile 2003 software for Pocket PCs to run the wireless CMS
controller program.
The controller includes a cradle and charger.
22
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Controller
program
Product Overview
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
23
Product Overview
Post-processing
reduction
program
The data can then be imported into modeling or other mine software.
The program software can be installed on any PC running the Microsoft Windows
XP/2000 operating system.
For information on program windows and fields, see "Downloading and Processing
Survey Data" page 105.
24
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Product Overview
Support
hardware (boom
and masts)
Note
For more information, see "About the masts" page 50, and "About the
boom" page 54.
The standard CMS support hardware has the following functions:
All structural pieces are made of a carbon-fiber composite material for enhanced
strength and lightness.
In operation, the masts are braced between the sill and the back to support the
boom. Each mast is 2 m long, with extensions up to 5 m. The extensions are
connected by high-density polyethylene fittings.
The boom extends the scanning laser head into a survey position. The boom
consists of up to five sections, each 2 m long, and can extend up to 10 m from the
rear post. The power cable connecting the scanning head to the power module case
runs inside the first boom section only.
To set up the hardware, see "Setting Up Underground Standard" page 49.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
25
Product Overview
Main Mast
Mast
Extensions
Mast Setup
(Longer extensions
at bottom)
Conical Pin
Jack
Threaded
Receptacle
0.3 m
Jack Lock
0.6 m
0.9 m
Mast
1.2 m
Jack
<30 cm
Threaded
Insertion
Flange
Main Mast
1.5 m
Conical Pin
Not To Scale
26
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Product Overview
Vertical insertion
package (VIP
option)
Aluminum rods
Joining and locking bars
Centering springs for the primary (head) rod
Scanning head adapter
Power cable.
Many aspects of VIP operation are the same as with standard CMS boom and masts.
The main differences are setting up the survey hardware (page 63) and geo-referencing the laser head (page 76).
Tripod adapter
option
The tripod adapter (Figure 13) enables you to use the CMS from a tripod rather than
the standard boom. This setup is faster and sometimes more convenient than using
a boom. To use the adapter, see page 111.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
27
Product Overview
Batteries
The CMS is powered by a battery pack of two +12 VDC SLA batteries, which are
connected in series to provide 24-V operation for approximately 4 hours (7.2 amp
hours). The current consumption of the CMS during a survey is approximately 1.8
A.
The batteries are stored in the power module case (page 21). The battery status is
always displayed on the controller.
To recharge the batteries, see page 116. Recharging takes up to 7 hours.
Options
Optech provides other options and extra quantities upon request. Options include:
High-temperature protection
To protect the CMS from temperature extremes outside its specified operating range,
the units power supply is automatically shut off without warning if the temperature
of the rangefinder rises above
68C 3C.
The power supply is re-enabled automatically and without warning when the temperature returns to an operable level. The CMS then resumes operation with the
same programmed settings as before shutdown, and begins reporting range readings
again.
To protect the laser pointer from temperature extremes above its specified operating
range, the laser pointer is shut down automatically when the ambient temperature
exceeds about 50C. The pointer is automatically re-enabled when the temperature
drops.
28
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Note
Controller windows and operations are described in "Surveying with the
CMS" page 89.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
29
Main menu
options
SURVEY
Program and run a survey (page 89).
LASER TEST
Check the functionality of the scanning head (page 132).
Utilities
Not available.
Quit
Exit the controller program.
System Battery
Bar graph of CMS battery status.
30
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Controller operations
The CMS controller program enables you to define and carry out surveys and related
functions. The program is installed on the hand-held Pocket PC controller
(Figure 16).
The controller communicates with the power module case through a wireless connection.
Figure 16: Hand-held controller in cradle (delivered unit may not be as shown)
You can check the status of the wireless connection on the controller at any time:
Disconnected (Figure 17)
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
31
32
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
To enter parameters, tap the appropriate button on the display. The input prompt
window appears (Figure 19):
Alphanumeric buttons (1-9, A-Z)
Tap several times to access the various characters.
Backward arrow (<--)
Backspace to erase a character.
Forward arrow (-->)
Move to a new character.
Enter
Accept the parameters that you entered.
Cancel
Discard parameters.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
33
34
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Survey Workflow
SURVEY WORKFLOW
For details on each survey step, see the indicated chapters.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
35
Survey Workflow
36
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Planning the
survey setup
The setup of the support hardware varies for each survey, along with the conditions
and safety at each site.
Before transporting equipment underground:
To plan a standard CMS survey, obtain the information in Table 2, page 38 and
Figure 21.
To plan a survey using the VIP option, obtain the information in Figure 23, page 41
and Table 3, page 40. See "Setting Up Underground VIP Option" page 63 for
complete information on setup issues.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
37
Setup requirement
Safe to set up
5 m or less
38
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
39
Setup requirement
Borehole angle
40
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Functional check
(option)
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
If the CMS has been in storage or has not been used for a while, do a basic functional check of the CMS at the surface before taking the CMS underground ("Functional Check (Option)" page 45). Otherwise, skip this procedure.
41
Packing and
transporting
equipment
Items to transport
When packing CMS equipment, check the standard list on page 6 to confirm that
you have all required components.
CMS equipment is packed in the following bags and cases:
Store the contents of the transport case in their proper cutout position, as shown in
Figure 24.
42
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Fasten the internal velcro straps of the boom and mast bags before you
close the dual zippers of each bag.
When consolidating boom sections, insert sections into each other
unevenly to prevent binding during transportation:
A
into
C
into
E
B
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
into
D.
43
44
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
The functionality check is not required if you are using the CMS regularly. It is
intended to confirm that the CMS is operating correctly after storage or repair, by
testing the main functions on the surface before going underground.
This chapter assumes that you are familiar with CMS operation. For complete information on all steps, see the referenced chapters.
For troubleshooting
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Office with uncluttered target wall that is 5-7 m from the CMS head
Stable, level table or deskany flat, horizontal surface with good support
Controller
Power cable
45
Notice
If the CMS fails at any point, see "Troubleshooting" page 121.
1. Set up the CMS scanning head on the table.
You can use the front boom section (page 47) or the tripod adapter option
(page 47).
2. Power on the CMS and controller (page 81).
3. Establish wireless communication (page 83).
4. Initialize the CMS and controller (page 85).
5. Program the survey (page 89).
For a quick scan, enter small ranges (for example, an ELEVATION LIMIT of only
20 and STEP of 5).
6. Level and start the survey (page 91). Do not enter any survey coordinates.
7. Monitor the survey (page 94).
8. When you have confirmed that the CMS is scanning as expected, stop the
survey (page 96).
9. Check the survey results and the data file (page 98).
10. Check the CMS and controller batteries, and the controller storage space
(page 88).
11. Power off the CMS and controller (page 99).
12. Disconnect and pack the CMS equipment (page 101).
46
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
1. Attach the front boom section (section A) securely to a desk or table. Orient the
boom so that its narrow end projects slightly beyond the surface edge, level and
perpendicular to the target wall (Figure 25).
2. Pass the yellow power cable through the boom, starting from the narrow end.
3. Connect the cable to the scanning head.
4. Mount the scanning head onto the boom (page 57).
5. Insert the locking pin to secure the scanning head to the boom.
6. Connect the cable to the power module case.
You can also use the tripod adapter option to mount the scanning head:
1. Mount the scanning head into the tripod adapter, and insert the locking pin.
2. Secure the adapter to the table with tape or a clamp, or use a tripod.
3. Connect the yellow power cable from the scanning head to the power module
case.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
47
48
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Always keep the lid of the power module and transport cases
closed during surveys
Unpacking the
CMS
Unpack the equipment at a safe distance from the cavity, near the planned position
for the rear mast. You should have the following containers:
Check that all equipment is present and not damaged from transport.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
49
Assembling the
masts
Note
If the height from the sill to the back is less than 2 m, mast extensions
are not needed. Skip this procedure.
50
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Example
If the height from the sill to the back is 4 m, use mast extensions of
1.5 m + 1.2 m + 0.9 m + 0.3 m = 3.9 m.
The mast is now within 10 cm of the back. Extend the jack 10 cm to reach the back.
Main Mast
Mast
Extensions
Mast Setup
(Longer extensions
at bottom)
Conical Pin
Jack
Threaded
Receptacle
0.3 m
Jack Lock
0.6 m
0.9 m
Mast
1.2 m
Threaded
Insertion
Flange
Jack
<30 cm
Main Mast
1.5 m
Conical Pin
Not To Scale
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
51
52
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Positioning the
masts and boom
holders
Slightly skewed
At least 2 m apart
Standing as vertically as possible, to improve their stability.
Extend the mast until its top and bottom are both touching the drift.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
53
4. Lower the mast by 2 cm, and try to push the jack handle down.
If you cannot push the handle down, the mast is not properly compressed
against the sill and back. Adjust the height of the mast and repeat this step until
you can push the handle down and it locks.
When the jack handle locks, a stable compression fit has been reached and the
mast is now locked into place.
5. Shake the mast firmly to confirm that both ends are firmly compressed.
6. Attach a boom holder to each mast:
Rear mast
Front mast
Assembling the
boom
Note
To simplify assembly:
54
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Unlike the other boom sections, section A is designed for the scanning head. It has
the following modifications:
Place all the boom sections that you need for the survey in alphabetical
order, with section A nearest the cavity opening.
Check that the narrow end of each section fits into the wide end of the next
section.
Check that tape measurements increase from section A back to the last
section (usually D or E).
2. Tie a loose knot near the end of the yellow power cable. The cable will be
connected to the scanning head later.
The knot prevents the connector from slipping down inside the boom section in
the next few steps.
Tip
If the site is dirty or muddy, replace connector caps as soon as
possible.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
55
3. Insert the opposite end of the power cable into the receptacle end of boom
section A.
4. Thread the cable through section A and out through the cable insertion hole,
until only the loose knot of cable is left at the other end. The cable will run
outside the rest of the boom to the power module case.
As you run the cable through, lift the front end of the section to let gravity help.
Tug gently at the other end to draw the full length of the cable out.
5. Coil the cable next to section A.
6. Connect all the boom sections together, starting with section A:
a.
Push the sections together, one by one, so that the two clamps on one
section latch onto the corresponding hardware on the mating section.
b. Pull the two clamps back at the same time. The two sections are now
joined. The clamps should only be snug since they are designed only to
keep the boom sections from separating.
c.
Check that the tape measure has no gaps from section to section.
Hold the boom by the back end (the wide end of section D or E).
Check that the tape runs along the left of the boom when you look along it
into the cavity.
The boom is now oriented along its stronger axis, protecting it from possible
damage when it supports the weight of the scanning head.
8. Lift the boom gently, and move it to the masts along with the power cable.
Tip
To prevent the boom from rotating, hold its rear section until the
boom is fully extended into the cavity.
9. Cradle boom section A on top of the front mast boom holder, about 50 cm past
the holder.
10. Slide the boom forward, and rest the last boom section under the rear mast
boom holder.
56
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Attaching the
scanning laser
head to the boom
At this point:
Boom section A is resting on the front mast boom holder, with one end of
the power cable knotted at its narrow end
Measuring tape runs along the left side of the boom when facing the cavity.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
57
Condensation
58
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Attaching the
boom targets
The boom targets are used to geo-reference the scanning head. To attach the two
targets to the boom:
1. Attach the front target to the scanning head, or to the front of the boom near the
cavity.
If you are using a total station or EDM, place the target on top of the rotation
housing, with the prism facing the total station (Figure 31).
2. Attach the back target towards the back of the boom:
Offset is 25 cm.
Figure 31: Boom front target when using total station or EDM
You are now ready to insert the scanning head into the cavity.
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
59
Inserting the
scanning head
into the cavity
Note
This procedure requires two people, one at the front mast and one at the
rear mast.
1. Check that the CMS is fully prepared:
Boom targets are attached to the boom and the scanning head
Tape on the boom runs along the left side of the boom when facing
towards the cavity.
2. Hold the boom by the rear section and by the part of the boom at the front mast.
At the rear section, take care to prevent the boom from flopping onto its side.
3. Point the scanning head at the cavity, and slide the boom forward.
The boom slides over the front boom holder until a connector meets the holder.
Whenever this occurs, lift the boom over the connector and continue feeding
the boom forward.
Notice Mast flexibility
If the front mast is more than 4 meters high, it may sway and lose
position when the boom slides over the holder. For this reason, do
not use the front boom holder to slide the boom along. You can still
rest the boom on the holder if necessary.
4. As the end of the boom approaches the rear mast, push down on the boom at
the rear mast to prevent it from riding up against the rear boom holder.
5. When the head is fully inserted into the cavity, stop sliding the boom forward.
6. Check that the boom projects at least 30 cm behind the rear boom holder, for
stability. If it does not, reposition the boom.
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7. Look along the boom to check that you can still see both boom targets. If you
cannot see both targets:
a.
Repeat this procedure and insert the head into the cavity again.
You are now ready to geo-reference the scanning head (page 73).
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Survey precautions
Always keep the lid of the power module and transport cases
closed during surveys
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63
The vertical insertion package (VIP) lowers the CMS into underground cavities that
can only be accessed through a vertical shaft or borehole. The CMS can be lowered
to a depth of 38 m (124 ft.) from the borehole collar.
The VIP can lower the CMS through vertical spaces that are:
Oriented vertically at 90
As narrow as 205-255 mm (8-10 inches).
As shown in Figure 34, page 66, the VIP hardware consists of 24 rods that are
connected by inserting small joining bars, and locked into place by cap screws. The
CMS holder assembly (Figure 35, page 67) includes an additional primary rod that
holds the CMS scanning head. Tensile springs attached to this rod extend beyond
the width of the scanning head, protecting the head as it is lowered into the hole.
VIP case
The VIP ships in a rigid aluminum case that contains all VIP hardware (Figure 32,
page 64). The case weighs 32 kg (70 lb.) when full, with dimensions of 21 H x 164
L x 20 W cm (8.25 x 64.5 x 8 inches).
Figure 32: VIP transport case, showing VIP rods (primary rod is tagged)
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30 cm to laser center.
65
Standard rod
24
Joining bar
24
Locking bar
66
Quantity
50
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Figure 35: CMS holder, top and bottom views (parts, Table 5)
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
ID
Part
Quantity
Primary rod
Spring
12
10
11
22
4
67
Unpacking the
CMS
Unpack the equipment near the borehole. You should have the following containers:
Check that all equipment is present and not damaged from the transport to the site.
Assembling the
CMS holder
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3. Attach the outside spring mount (part 3) to the rod, using 1/4-20 x 3 1/2" cap
screws and flat washers. Do not fully tighten the screws at this point.
4. Attach the inside spring mount (part 4), using 1/4-20 x 3 1/2" cap screws and flat
washers.
5. Insert the tensile springs:
a.
Slide the outside spring mount so that the spring expands to fit the diameter
of the borehole.
Initializing the
CMS
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4. Power on the controller and launch the CMS controller software (page 81).
5. Initialize the scanning head (page 85).
The CMS levels and finds the mechanical home position in both the elevation
and rotation axes. This step may take several minutes.
You are now ready to assemble and insert the VIP into the borehole.
Assembling and
inserting the VIP/
head
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8. Place a second locking bar into rod 3, and secure with two cap screws and an
Allen wrench.
9. Holding the rod assembly securely vertical:
a.
b. Lower the assembly until the locking bar in rod 3 rests on the borehole
collar.
Notice Head orientation
Do not rotate the VIP assembly during insertion. Always keep the
scanning head pointed in the known direction (azimuth).
10. Repeat steps 6-9 for additional rods until the scanning head has passed through
the borehole and is at the required survey depth.
You are now ready to geo-reference, program and run a survey.
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VIP survey and processing operation is almost identical to standard operation. Differences are noted where applicable. VIP geo-referencing is described separately in
"Geo-referencing - VIP setup" page 76.
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Equipment
required for georeferencing
When the CMS performs a survey, it stores information in the form of range data and
angle data (rotation and elevation) relative to the scanning head. However, for CMS
data to be useful, the data must be reduced to XYZ coordinates relative to the mine
grid. To do so, you must determine the location and azimuth of the scanning head
(the laser center).
In standard operation, the scanning head is attached to a boom. If the boom is not
perfectly straight, perhaps after long mine use, the azimuth of the scanning head is
changed. To determine the azimuth, you must survey the location of two targets
attached to the boom. The CMS post-processing program uses the target coordinates in a deflection formula to calculate the azimuth and determine the laser center
in 3D space relative to the mine grid.
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73
Figure 37: Laser center (with scanning head facing to the left)
74
Northing, easting and elevation are required for both the front and the back
targets
All measurements are in meters.
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Distance from the front target to the laser center is measured and
recorded
Backsight another control point in the mine grid to orient your total station.
b. If possible, check a third control point in the mine grid to verify the total
stations orientation.
c.
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Make sure that both boom targets (intermediate stations 1 and 2) can be
surveyed from this point.
75
Set up on a free point from which the two known control points are visible.
b. Triangulate and record the position of your free station by the method of
resection.
4. Using the total station, survey the front target (intermediate station 1). Record
the survey coordinates, or save the raw angle and distance information for later
processing.
5. Survey the back target (intermediate station 2). Record the survey coordinates
in meters.
You are now ready to power on the CMS (page 81). You can enter survey coordinates and the distance to the laser center on the controller later.
Distance from the top of the top rod to the locking bar (A in
Figure 39)
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For an accurate VIP survey, you must survey, calculate and record the following
information:
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77
Azimuth of the scanning head is known and recorded (step 5, page 70)
Set up on a free point from which two control points are visible.
b. Triangulate and record the free point position by the method of resection.
3. Using the total station, survey the first control point. Record the survey coordinates in meters.
4. Survey the second control point, and record its survey coordinates. The total
station calculates the free point and orients the azimuth.
5. Check another point to verify the orientation.
6. To ensure true vertical (90) operation, check that the ground at the locking bar
is flat and level. If it is not, level the surface if possible.
7. Check that the rod is fixed in position and will not move in operation. If the rod
shifts, survey coordinates and data may not be accurate.
8. Measure and record the distance from the locking bar to the top of the insertion
rods (elevation A on Figure 39, page 77).
9. Survey the top of the rod. Attach a peanut prism (30-mm offset) if necessary.
You are now ready to proceed with initialization (page 81). You can enter survey
coordinates during post-processing (page 105).
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Entering survey
coordinates
Figure 40: CMS controller and post-processing windows, showing survey coordinates
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79
Input field
VIP setup
North, Northing
Not applicable
East, Easting
Elevation
Front Target to
Laser
Location Verification
North, Northing
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Rotation
Enter 0.
East, Easting
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After setting up the support hardware, you are ready to power and initialize the CMS
and controller. The CMS is programmed and monitored by the controller, which is
connected to the power module case via a wireless connection.
Powering on the
CMS and controller
1. On the controller, press the red power button. The main window appears
(Figure 41).
At this point there is no wireless connection between the controller and the
CMS (signal strength bars at top are empty).
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81
2. On the side of the CMS power module case, press the green power button
(Figure 42). The button lights up to indicate that power is on.
If the power button blinks or stays off, battery power is low or absent. Press the
button again. If the problem continues, return to the surface to recharge the
batteries (page 116).
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Setting up
wireless communication
Check unsuccessful
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83
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Initializing the
CMS
Rotates
Stops at a position in line with the boom or adapter axis. This is the
home position.
2. The CMS resets while the controller counts down on-screen.
3. The survey menu appears so that you can program a CMS survey.
Note
The controller beeps intermittently during initialization. Beeps are
normal at this point, and indicate that the controller is not receiving data
over the wireless connection. When initialization is complete, the
beeps stop.
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85
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3. Wait several minutes until the CMS completes initialization and resets itself.
During initialization, the CMS reset counter appears (Figure 48).
At this point, initialization is complete and you are ready to program a survey.
Before doing so, confirm that the CMS has enough battery power and disk storage
space for the surveys you are planning.
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Checking
batteries and disk
space
CMS battery
Controller battery.
2 bars
1 bar
If power is low, a low battery error may appear on the controller (page 129).
If batteries are charged and there is sufficient disk space, you are ready to program a
CMS survey.
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At this point the CMS and controller are powered, and wireless communication is
established.
Programming a
CMS survey
To program a survey
1. In the survey menu, tap FILENAME to enter a name for the survey file.
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Leveling and
starting a survey
Before starting the survey, the CMS levels the scanning head to determine the differences between the geophysical level and the home position in the rotation and
elevation axes. This step may take a few minutes.
In VIP operation, the scanning head is only leveled after insertion into the borehole.
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91
3. Wait a few minutes for the leveling to finish and the leveling results to appear
(Figure 52). The results show the differences between the geophysical level and
the home position.
Differences should be less than 2 on a level surface, and typically larger when
the scanning head is at the end of a boom.
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5. Enter all the survey information for the front and back boom targets from the
geo-referencing procedure.
VIP option: Skip this step, and enter the information in post-processing.
Tip
You can also enter the target coordinates by tapping the COORDS
button at any time during the survey, or in post-processing.
6. Tap OK. The survey progress window appears (Figure 54, page 94) and the
survey begins.
You can now monitor the survey.
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93
Monitoring a
survey
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95
Stopping a survey
To stop a survey
1. Tap STOP in the survey progress window (Figure 54). A confirmation prompt
appears (Figure 55).
CMS controller program closes and the main Pocket PC window appears
b. CMS survey continues to the end, and the CMS resets to its home position.
c.
96
Survey data is stored on the computer in the power module case, and
downloaded to the controller the next time it is connected to the CMS.
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Losing wireless
connection during
a survey
If the controller loses its connection with the power module case during a survey,
you cannot monitor or control the CMS. However, the survey continues:
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97
Checking survey
results
No Range
These numbers are a rough guide only. They vary depending on the surface
being scanned and the total number of points, and are important only if the DXF
or XYZ output file is poor.
2. Tap OK. The main menu appears. Select one of the following:
BACK
Quit
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When you have completed all surveys for the day, you are ready to pack up and
return to the surface.
1. On the controller, press Quit in the main menu to exit the program, if you have
not already done so.
2. Wait approximately 2 minutes for the scanning head to move to its home
position.
This position protects the head from damage when it is withdrawn from the
cavity, and prepares it for storage.
3. Power off the controller by pressing the red power button. Confirm that the
screen turns off.
4. Power off the CMS by pressing the green power button on the power module
case (Figure 58). Confirm that the button light goes off.
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99
Removing the
scanning head
(standard setup)
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1. Remove the two boom targets, and store them in the transport case.
2. Store the scanning laser head:
a.
b. Remove the head from the boom, handling it only by the fork.
c.
Disconnect the power cable, and cap the exposed cable end.
d. Pack the head and locking pin carefully in the transport case.
3. Store the yellow power cable:
a.
b. Cap the exposed cable end and the power module socket.
c.
To fit all the sections into the bag, insert narrower boom sections inside
wider ones (A into C, A+C into E, B into D).
b. If the boom joints are stiff and the booms will not separate, work them back
and forth in the long axis until they come apart.
5. Disassemble the masts and store them in their bag.
Caution Loose rock
When you release the locking jack, loose rock may fall down from
the back. Use a scaler to check for this loose rock.
6. Store the controller in the transport case.
7. Check the contents of the case against the standard packing list (page 6) or your
own version.
8. Close and latch the transport and power module cases for transport.
9. Secure the boom and mast bags. Fasten the internal velcro straps of the boom
and mast support bags before you close the dual zippers of each bag.
You are now ready to transport the CMS cases and bags to the surface, where you
can download the survey data stored on the controller (page 105).
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101
Disassembling the
VIP setup
Remove the cap screws that secure the joining bar to the rod.
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At the surface after the survey, prepare the CMS for the next survey:
1. Check the scanning head for damage.
2. Check the scanning head window for dust and dirt, and clean the window if
necessary (page 116).
3. After downloading the survey data, place the controller in its cradle for
charging. Keep the controller charged in its cradle until the next survey.
4. Charge the CMS (page 116).
5. Store the equipment safely at moderate temperatures. Make sure that the
transport and power module cases are closed and latched.
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Downloading
survey data
You can download survey data on the surface after the survey. To download data,
your PC requires:
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105
3. Select Guest Partnership, and click OK. The Microsoft ActiveSync window
appears (Figure 60).
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CMS_Surveys.
7. Copy the survey file(s) to a folder of your choice on the PC.
8. Disconnect the controller and place it in its cradle to charge. This closes
ActiveSync as well.
You are now ready to process the survey data.
Processing survey
data
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107
3. Select the CMS data file, and click Open. The survey information is loaded into
the CMSPosProcess window (Figure 63).
Figure 63: CMS post-processing window, showing data from open survey file
4. Under Front Target and Back Target, enter the coordinates for the boom targets
if they were not entered during the survey. These coordinates are measured
during geo-referencing (page 73).
5. Under Convert Data In, select the output unit type, either Meters or Feet.
6. Under Process 1 Ring On, select the interval between elevation rings that you
want to process (for example, select 3 to process every third elevation ring).
Select 1 to process all rings.
7. Under Rotation Accuracy, select the interval between azimuth points that you
want to process (for example, select 2 to process every second azimuth point).
Select ALL to process all points.
8. Under Create Drawing as, select:
108
Mesh
Polyline
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
9. Save the processed results by clicking DXF Convert for DXF format, or XYZ
Convert for XYZ format.
10. Wait as the program processes the survey data. When processing is complete,
the Report window appears automatically (Figure 64).
11. Check the report window to confirm that the survey results are acceptable.
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It is not necessary to use the CMS mast and boom assembly for every survey.
Instead, it may sometimes be faster and easier to set up the CMS on a tripod.
The tripod adapter installs the CMS scanning head securely on a standard tripod.
Setting up the
tripod adapter
1. Set up the tripod on a level surface. Position the tripod legs so that it can
support a heavy weight (Figure 65).
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111
2. Place the adapter on the tripod. Secure the adapter by threading the tripod
central screw through the hole in the base of the adapter (Figure 66).
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4. Insert the locking pin, to hold the head securely in place (Figure 67).
5. Attach the power cable from the scanning head to the power module case.
Figure 68: CMS scanning head inserted into adapter and mounted on tripod
You can now initialize the CMS and proceed with normal operation. Geo-referencing is optional and depends on your application.
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113
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Handling the
scanning head
Do not twist the arm and rangefinder in one direction while moving the base in
a different direction.
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115
General handling
Always cover all connectors and ports with the protective caps supplied with the
CMS. Do not remove the caps until the connector is connected.
Always keep the lid of the power module and transport cases closed during surveys,
and at all other times. This prevents water and dirt from damaging the electronics
inside the cases.
Routine maintenance
Carry out the following maintenance after each survey or at regular intervals:
Scanning head window
Clean this Lexan window with a soft lens tissue and methanol
or a mild, nonabrasive cleanser. Do not use solvents.
Connectors and ports
Check that all connectors and ports are clean and free of dirt
and mud.
Check that at least 2 of the 3 small locking studs on the side of
these connectors are still functional.
Boom and mast joints
Check that joints are clean and fit together tightly.
Always check battery power before a survey. The power level is displayed on the
controller as a bar graph (Figure 70, lower right). The bar graph is explained on
page 88.
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Charging the
controller battery
A CMS survey continues even if the controller battery fails, but you cannot program
or start a new survey.
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117
Charging
Green
Fully charged.
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Storage
Store all cases and bags in a clean, dry environment at temperatures between -40C
and +50C. To prevent moisture or dirt from entering, keep all lids and zippers
closed.
Between surveys, store the controller and power module case with batteries
charging, so that the CMS is always fully charged and ready to go.
Always store the scanning head in the CMS transport case.
Store booms, mast and other hardware in the bags or cases provided.
Temperature changes
When the CMS is removed from cool storage to a warm environment such as a
mine, the temperature difference may cause condensation inside the scanning laser
head. To prevent damage, before powering on, always:
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Troubleshooting
18 TROUBLESHOOTING
Reference
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121
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
tables
The CMS troubleshooting tables are based on the functional check (page 45).
Fault tables are divided into the following areas:
Cause
Solution
Faults continue.
Failure.
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Troubleshooting
Controller faults
This table covers faults from the steps in "Initializing the CMS and Controller"
page 81.
Table 9: Controller faults
Problem
Cause
Solution
Controller settings.
Faults continue.
Failure.
OR
Display is blank.
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Troubleshooting
Cause
Solution
Faults continue.
124
Failure.
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Troubleshooting
Cause
Solution
Failure.
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125
Troubleshooting
Initialization faults
This table covers faults from "Initializing the CMS and Controller" page 81, and
"Surveying with the CMS" page 89.
Table 12: Initialization faults
Problem
Cause
Solution
Controller settings.
Faults continue.
126
Failure.
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Troubleshooting
Problem
Cause
Solution
See Table 8.
Hardware fault.
Failure.
Faults continue.
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Troubleshooting
Data faults
This table covers faults from "Checking survey results" page 98.
A standard 1 x 1 survey takes 40-45 minutes to complete. The resulting file size is
roughly 1 MB.
Table 14: Data faults
Problem
Cause
Solution
Rangefinder fault.
Faults continue.
Failure.
Rebooting the
CMS
1. On the controller, tap STOP or Quit to stop the current CMS survey and exit the
controller program.
2. Wait approximately 2 minutes as the CMS scanning head moves to its home
position.
3. Power off the controller and the CMS (page 99).
4. Power the controller and CMS back on (page 81).
5. Repeat system initialization (page 81).
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Recovering from
a CMS low
battery error
Troubleshooting
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129
Troubleshooting
Inspecting the
scanning head
If the scanning head is not working properly, check the rangefinder housing and fork
assembly for physical damage that could prevent the head from rotating or elevating, such as:
Dents, gashes and holes, especially over the azimuth and elevation drive
housings
Missing material.
Inspecting the
power cable and
connectors
If there are problems with CMS operation, confirm that the CMS power cable and
associated connectors are in good shape:
1. Inspect the CMS power cable for any signs of damage.
2. Check that all connector pins are in good condition, and not tarnished,
corroded or bent.
3. If the cable or connectors are damaged, contact Optech (page 159).
This procedure assumes that you are familiar with CMS operation and the functional
check carried out on the surface before going underground for a survey. For the
complete functional check, see page 45.
The purpose of this test is to scan a known space to determine whether there is a
fault with the resulting scan.
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Troubleshooting
b. Set the elevation limit to scan only one end of the test area, if desired.
4. Level the CMS. Do not enter survey coordinate data.
5. Scan the test area.
6. Download the file and process the data to create a model of the scan.
7. Examine a cross-section of the scan for skewed or distorted areas.
8. Contact Optech if you cannot determine the fault (page 159).
Figure 73: CMS test scan, showing rotation skew (top) and almost no rotation skew
(bottom)
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Troubleshooting
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0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
Troubleshooting
2. On the controller main menu, tap LASER TEST. The scanning head initialization window appears (Figure 75).
3. Tap START. The initialization progress window appears, followed by the reset
counter (Figure 76).
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133
Troubleshooting
4. After the reset, the laser test window appears (Figure 77). In this window, set
the following parameters for the scan:
Rotation
Elevation
Tip
Entered parameters are cumulative. That is, if you enter 10 and
then 11, the scanning head moves 10 and then an additional 11.
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Using a different
calibration file
Troubleshooting
The boom calibration file is shipped on a CD with the CMS, and used to process
survey data. If you need to use a different file:
1. Copy the new file into the same folder as the CMS post-processing executable
file.
2. In the post-processing main window, click the Change ROD File button. The
Choose ROD Calibration File window appears (Figure 78).
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Troubleshooting
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Note
Skip this section unless the controller configuration has been lost.
To restore, un-install or upgrade the CMS controller program, see
page 155.
For more information on using the controller unit, see the manufacturer
documentation.
This chapter describes how to configure the hand-held controller (Pocket PC) for
CMS operation if the controller loses power or requires a hard reset.
Controller battery
power and losing
data
When the CMS is shipped, the controller is already configured for operation and
loaded with the CMS controller program. However, this data is stored in volatile
memory. If the controller loses all battery power, the following data is lost and must
be restored:
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Overview of the
controller configuration
Figure 79: Pocket PC controller in cradle (delivered unit may not be as shown)
138
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
OR
Program updates are distributed via e-mail or downloaded from the Optech website.
Connecting the
controller to the
PC
Note
Microsoft ActiveSync must be installed on your PC for this procedure.
To establish a serial data connection between the PC and the controller:
1. Confirm that the controller cradle is:
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139
3. From the ActiveSync window, select File > Connection Settings. You can also
right-click the ActiveSync system tray icon and select Connection Settings.
The Connection Settings window appears (Figure 81).
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5. Place the controller in its cradle. After a few moments, the New Partnership
window appears on the PC (Figure 82).
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141
7. Wait for the connection to be established, indicated by the Connected text and
the green circular arrow symbol at right (Figure 83).
8. Click Explore. A file explorer window appears at the Mobile Device level.
Figure 84 shows the full directory structure of the controller as viewed from the
PC. To reveal the directory structure, select View > Explorer Bar > Folders.
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To install the CMS controller program into the correct directory on the controller:
1. Establish an ActiveSync connection (page 139).
2. On the PC, open the directory containing the CMS controller program
(CMS_PockPCx.x.x).
3. Use a right-click drag and drop operation to copy the program from the PC
source directory into the controller root directory (Figure 85). The Copy &
Convert progress window appears (Figure 86).
Figure 85: Copying the CMS program to the controller root directory
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143
4. From the controller root directory, use a right-click drag and drop operation to
copy the program executable file to the controller Application directory
(Figure 87).
Root\Windows\Start Menu
Root\Windows\Start Menu\Programs
For a graphical overview of the directory structure, see Figure 84, page 142.
7. Rename the shortcut as:
Shortcut to CMS_PockPCx.x.x.exe > CMS Pocket PC x.x.x
8. Close ActiveSync by lifting the controller out of its cradle.
You are now ready to configure the controllers power settings.
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Configuring
controller power
settings
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145
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8. Tap the backlight link near the bottom of the Advanced tab.
9. Tap the Battery Power tab (Figure 91).
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147
Configuring
controller wireless
connectivity
This procedure configures the controller for wireless control of the CMS during a
survey. It consists of the following sub-procedures:
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3. Tap WLAN Profiles. The WLAN Profiles window appears (Figure 94).
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Profile Name
802.11 ESSID
Operating mode
Infrastructure
Country
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6. Tap the Authentication tab, and set authentication to None (Figure 96).
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8. Tap the IP Config tab, and set the configuration as follows (Figure 98):
Drop-down menu
Static
IP Address
198.100.0.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
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9. Tap the Power tab, and set the power as follows (Figure 99):
Infrastructure
Power Plus
Unchecked
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Restarting the
controller
To verify that the controller is correctly configured for CMS survey operation:
1. Power off the CMS, if it is on.
2. Soft-reset the controller, by pressing the yellow button at the same time as the
ENT + FUNC keys.
3. Power the CMS on again.
4. Confirm that you have successfully connected to the CMS by checking the
following on the controller (Figure 101, right):
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Restoring the
CMS controller
program
This procedure is usually carried out on the controller, and not the PC. If the controller runs out of battery power, all files and settings stored in volatile memory are
lost.
To restore the controller program from non-volatile memory:
1. Power on the controller by pressing the red power button. The main window
appears (Figure 102).
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3. In the file explorer, navigate to the My Device directory by tapping the Folders
drop-down menu (Figure 103).
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Un-installing the
CMS controller
program
You can un-install the program by using the controller directly, or by using a PC
with Microsoft ActiveSync 4.1 or later. Refer to Figure 84, page 142 to find the
specified directories through the ActiveSync link (page 139) or through the controller interface.
To un-install the controller program:
1. Delete the program executable file, located in the controller root directory and
the Application directory.
2. Delete the program shortcut files, located in the Start Menu and the Programs
directory.
The controller program is now un-installed.
Upgrading the
CMS controller
program
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Customer Support
20 CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Contacting
Optech
Third-party software
Software upgrades
Third-party
software
E-mail: cms_support@optech.ca
Telephone: (01) 905-660-0808
Facsimile: (01) 905-660-0829
Hours: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST (-5 GMT)
Third-party software may be included with your CMS. Because software upgrades
and technical support are available to all registered users, remember to register
these products.
Contact Customer Support for help with third-party software.
Software
upgrades
The CMS Pocket PC controller program and post-processing reduction software are
Optech products. All CMS users are notified of upgrades as they become available.
Program updates are distributed via e-mail or downloaded from the Optech website.
Returning
equipment to
Optech
0040134/Rev A.1/Jul 07
To return equipment, contact Customer Support to obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number. Optech will not accept equipment without an RMA.
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Customer Support
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