Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
^^=^s^si^
-^J^^^sjJ
III
/:Z2\
Digitized by
in
2008
tine
witli
IVIicrosoft
Internet Arcliive
funding from
Corporation
littp://www.arcliive.org/details/firstyearlatinOOcollricli
A Roman URAroK
FIRST
YEAR LATIN
BY
WILLI AxM
C.
COLLAR,
A.M.
M.
GRANT DANIELL,
A.M.
BOSTON,
Bostoi.
U.S.A.
3[tbcn.Tnm prcfifi
1902
C7/"?
/
Copyright,
William
C.
1901,
by
PREFACE
What
may be
reasonably
He
five
recitations
week
for
a school year of
weeks?
know
and
and imitating
read Latin that he knows the meaning of with-
should
the
principles of pronunciation
in following
of grouping
He
Half a
Ten
of his thirty-eight
to practice in
Einally, a
may
fairly
iii
be demanded.
PRE FA CE
iv
So much may be
an intelligent pupil
set
down
in a year's
scheme
of
grammar.
Some
classes
may be
able
to
compass two
of
To
work demanded
amount
and
no lesson
of time
The importance
system
is
side
of which
would sufficiently justify it: to ease the dead pull upon the
memory, and to foster the habit of observation and comparison.
It is often easier to learn two things or several that have some
by itself,
and the discerning of likenesses and differences is itself largely
Only when the learner has
the process and sum of education.
studied and practised the verb in parts is he required, through
review lessons, to survey and master it as a whole.
Several features that need only be mentioned will, it is
hoped,
commend
themselves to teachers:
PRE FA CE
The compression
(i)
make
it
possible
The
(2)
into Latin.
tice
If
it
a translation of the
little
interval retrans-
The
(3)
The summary
(4)
The
but
of rules
is
certainly convenient
The "Essentials
(5)
for
reference and
the
index.
latter is strangely
and
useful.
Grammar
of
The copious
(6)
end of the
graded
in
character.
As an
aid to teachers
have prepared a
2'caclier''s
Miss
to
to
express
Ada Townsend
their grateful
of Evanston,
111.,
acknowledgfor several
read
all
who has
in perfecting the
work.
William C. Collar
M. Grant Daniell
Boston, May
6,
1901
NOTE TO TEACHERS
It
recommended
is
that
the
of
Selections
for Reading
and the
till
finished.
new words
done
in
to
the general
order that
they
may become
Vocabulary
for
familiar by degrees
use of
it
is
entered
become accustomed
of their
and
and cognates
As many pupils
tives
it
is
recommended
to
that in
somewhat
closely imitated.
CONTENTS
Page
1-13
Lbsson
Grammar
.Essentials of
Introductory:
Alphabet,
Pronunciation,
Syllables,
15-19
Nominative Case.
Dfxlension.
Subject,
Singular and Plural of Nouns and Verbs
Accusative Case
Direct Object
II. First Declension.
Active Indicative Present. AgreeIII. First Conjugation
Conversation
ment of Vei-bs.
Limiting Genitive.
Genitive Case
IV. First Declension.
I.
First
20, 21
22,23
V.
VI.
Conversation
Active
Second Conjugation
Conversatk)n
Review.
:
Present.
Declension
Words
Conversation
Review.
Second
VIII.
Indicative
First Declension.
Ablative -with in.
VII.
in
and
-us
Case.
-um.
Agreement of Adjec-
tives
IX.
Adjective.
Indicative
XII.
Predicate
Review
X. Second Declension:
XI.
Present.
Words
in -er, -eri.
XIV.
XVI.
28,29
30> 3^
32. 33
34, 35
36, 37
Conversation
38. 39
Apposition
Second Declension: Words in -er, -ri.
40,41
Uses of the Dative: Z>a//z'^ of Possessor, Dative with
Adjectives.
Review
42.43
First and Second Conjugations: Active Indicative
Imperfect.
Ablative of Means
44, 45
First and Second Conjugations: Active Indicative
Ablative of Manner
Future.
46,47
ReadFirst Conjugation Active Indicative Perfect.
... 48, 49
ing Lesson: The Romans and the Sabines
Second Conjugation Active Indicative Perfect ... 50, 51
XV.
26, 27
Noun
Review.
.
XIII.
24,25
CONTENTS
Page
Lesson
5-. 53
54-55
56, 57
5S,
59
60,61
Place
Future, and Perfect.
Whence and Whither
Ablative of
XXIII. Third Declension: Liquid Stems.
Imperfect,
Present,
62,
63
Review
Cause.
64, 65
XXIV. Third Declension Stems in -i
66, 67
XXV. Third Declension: Gender
68,69
XXVI. Review. Reading Lesson: Horatius at the
:
Bridge. Conversation
and Future
Active
72,73
76,77
Locative Case
Lesson
XXXII. Passive
Present.
XXXIII.
'Y-AY.
hie
and
ille.
Reading
Britain Invaded
Voice:
Active
and
fect,
Indicative
Ablative of Agent
c^. Agreemetit of Relative
82,83
.
Passive:
and Future of rego and capio
Indicative
Present,
Passive:
Indicative
86, 87
88,89
Present,
audio. Reading
and Future of
Coriolanus and his Mother
fect,
84,85
Imper-
78.79
80, 81
Passive
V.Y.\.K1\VY.
74, 75
Pluperfect
of domus and
Time
Ablative of
Indicative
Perfect. Review
70,71
Indicative Present,
Read-
Imper-
Lesson:
90, 91
Ablative of Separation
XXXVII.
92,93
XXXVIII. Passive Voice All Conjugations: Indicative
Possessive Adjectives.
Perfect, Pluperfect,
Lesson:
Scipio
94. 95
and Hanni96, 97
98.
99
CONTENTS
XI
Page
Lesson
XLI. Comparison
of
Ablative
Adjectives.
Com-
of
parison
lOO, lOI
Partitive Genitive
XLII. Comparison of Adjectives.
Ablative of Degree of
XLIII. Comparison of Adjectives.
Difference
104, 105
Conversation
Comparison of Adverbs.
XLV. Reading Lesson: A Letter from Pompeii.
Review
Conversation.
Accusative of Extent
XLVI. Fifth Declension.
XLVIL The Subjunctive Mood: Purpose Clauses with ut
and ne
XLVIIL The Subjunctive Mood: Purpose Clauses. Result
Clauses with xA and VLt non
XLLX. Indirect Question. Sequence of Tenses
Review
L. Reading Lesson Caesar WINS A Victory.
LL Numerals. Descriptive Ablative and Genitive
LIL Numerals
Reading Lesson:
Lin. Ten Irregular Adjectives.
Caesar and Vergil
LIV. The Infinitive used as in English
LV. Accusative and Infinitive Indirect Statement.
XI.I\'.
102,103
106, 107
108, 109
110,111
12,
113
114,115
116,117
118,119
120,121
122, 123
124, 125
126, 127
128, 129
Review
LVIII. Imperative
Appeals
132. i33
and
Subjunctive:
Conunands and
Reading
Lesson: Friend-
130, 131
134, 135
136, 137
LX. Participles.
Physician
Ablative Absolute
LXI. Participles.
LXII. Participles: The Gerundive
LXIII. The Gerund
LXIV. The Supine.
Reading
Ablative of Specif cation.
Review
Lesson: Roman Consuls.
LXV. Review of Verb-Forms: First and Second Conju-
gations.
Reading Lesson Romulus and Remus
LXVI. Review of Verb-Forms: Third and Fourth Conjugations.
Reading Lesson Romulus and Remus
138, 139
140,141
142,143
144, 145
146, 147
14S, 149
150,151
'
CONTENTS
XU
Lbsson
Page
Read.
154, 155
156, 157
158, 159
:
turions
160, 161
OF
152,153
eo, fero,
fio.
Subjunctive
Reading Lesson
Rivalry
Two Centurions
162, 163
164, 165
166,167
Anecdotes
Stories of Hercules
Stories of Ulysses
173-180
180-186
186-190
Fables
Stories from
71-173
Roman History
Latin-English Vocabulary
English-Latin Vocabulary
Index
190-198
199-202
.
203-239
241-244
245-290
291-301
303-31
ILLUSTRATIONS
A Roman
Frontispiece
Page
A Roman Lady
'4
and Sword
Javelin (pilum)
Trumpet
21
27
(gladius)
(tuba)
35
Spear (hasta)
43
Roman
IIe;iddresses
Writing
Materials,
and red
black
5'
an inkstand
representing
papyrus
ink);
letter
(atramentarium,
for
and addressed
sealed
The
A nymph
body.
sits
near Icarus.
temple
A Roman
59
Coin.
Obverse
captives.
A Roman
Obverse
Coin.
Reverse
head of Venus.
A Roman
57
Fall of Icarus.
lifeless
to
....
Pompeii
Aeneas
carry-
Caesar
head of Venus.
61
Reverse
trophy and
Caesar
Coin.
69
Horatius Codes
at the Bridge
71
87
Roman Helmets
89
(galeae)
Coriolanus
91
Temple (templum).
Scipio.
of
Naples
Museum
Reverse
97
108
:
trophy of Gallic
Caesar
Soldiers.
119
Showing
Caesar.
in
arms.
Bust
in the
95
97
Ancient bust
A Roman Coin.
Roman
Ancient Statue
Hannibal.
View
Rome
Louvre, Paris
123
125
xiii
xi\^
Page
Bust at Caproni's, Boston
Vergil.
Roman Sandals
A Roman Coin.
s[vl]ter.
used
Roman
[43
and
axe.
discovered by Faustulus
Vinea
145
149
151
155
Shields (scuta)
Battering
Caesar Co[n]-
in sacrifices),
The Twins
125
Ram
163
(aries)
202
These
Note.
main
to
Latin grammar.
NOUNS
1.
A Noun
or thing
a.
London,
boy,
Proper Noun
place, or thing
b.
word used
is
c.
of a person, place,
name
the
is
a particular person,
of
Common Noun
name
is
may be
name
as the
Noun
Collective
is
that
Monday.
may be
applied to
name
committee.
d.
Verbal
Noun
is
the
name
of an action
seeing, read-
An Abstract
Noun
is
the
name
of a quality or condition
PRONOUNS
2.
/,
A Pronoun
yon, liim,
is
this,
word used
who.
noun
YEAR LATIN
J^'.-l'iST
I^pvz. --
antecedent.
noun John
the
a.
is
Personal Pronoun
form whether
is,
spoken
Note.
b.
is,
Nouns
it,
he.
/,
spoken
c.
relative
An
The
**
is,
zvho,
Who
is
is
ivJiicJi,
a pronoun that
is
What
there ?
Demonstrative Pronoun
an object definitely
e.
An
/ A
Reflexive Pronoun
the subject
He
ivJiat,
and
that.
is
used to
shall zve do ?
and
The
wJiat.
is
stands, with
Pronoun
Indefinite
object indefinitely
is
it
pronoun that
thou, yon,
men do
evil that
pronouns are
its
that
Interrogative Pronoun
ask a question
etc.,
to,
The
we,
the antecedent
by
is
it
etc., tliat
pronoun
is
all, etc.
hurt himself.
ADJECTIVES
3.
An
meaning
Adjective
of a
is
A, an, and
times called
the,
Articles.
Indefinite Article.
The
is
the
Definite Article,
some-
a or an the
how many:
order
in
They
second, third,
first,
fourth.
c.
and
pronouns
interrogative
Demonstrative
Adjectives
Uliich
d.
Adjectives
some
way
boys,
shall zue
this
book,
house
is
home of
Indefinite
:
that /
Interrogative Adjectives
What man
respectively
called
that
go
zvJiich
"
The land of
the brave."
VERBS
4.
Verb
is
the leaf
falls.
a.
(28)
Transitive Verb is a
commonly
meaning
requires an
The boy
strikes
verb that
in
the
ball
object (14)
complete
cat
the
catche'?
its
mouse.
b.
An
admit an object
Note.
Certain
another intransitive
wind blew
c.
A
t,
verbs
fly
may
The wind
I walk.
at
bk-iu the
snow
at
furiously.
Regular Verb
of d,
Birds
is
a verb
and past
or ed to the present
that
forms
participle (34, a)
:
present
its
imperfect
by the addition
loz'e,
past loved,
;:
An
d.
Irregular Verb
is
its
or ed to the
t,
An
Auxiliary Verb
a verb that
is
is
used
/ am loved ; do yon
in
the con-
love ? he has
given.
f.
An
-Impersonal Verb
is
one that
is
used only
the
in
In
Note.
verbs and
ADVERBS
An
5.
Adverb
is
word used
to modify the
An
a.
Adverb
meaning
He walks
of a
swiftly;
of Place
An
b.
c.
Adverb
now,
theti,
An
Adverb
thus, well,
An
d.
little,
e.
of
often, seldom.
of
Jiozv ?
so,
ill.
Adverb
of
is
made
clause (20)
advanced when
thee!'
The army
it
depends
day daivned ; " Go where glory waits
PREPOSITIONS
6.
A Preposition
show
to
its
is
relation to another
CONJUNCTIONS
7.
A Conjunction
is
was a man of
you may stay.
a.
word used
and sentences
Jionor, but
black
and white ; he
may go or
Coordinate Conjunction
is
rank (20,
c).
The
conjunctions
in
Coordinate.
/;.
Subordinate Conjunction
is
go
to toivn if it is
pleasant
b)
I shall
industrious.
INTERJECTIONS
8.
and
An
is
Interjection is
Note.
Are
little
As
Articles, a, an,
A Noun
's
the
name
and
the.
of anything
Adjectives
As great,
tell
to
younj
!;
As
hat,
tell of
How things
As
slowly, quickly,
tell
or well.
ill,
A
A
noun
as in or through a door.
Conjunctions
As
and
rain
joi
As
An
Interjection
As Oh ! how
shows surprise
pretty
Ah
.'
how
wise
THE SENTENCE
9.
thought
Sentence
:
10.
is
group
Sta7-s sJiine
Declarative
of
sentence
sentence
Interrogative
Who was
is
he zvalks.
is
down
hill.
Imperative sentence
is
An
An
An
Exclamatory sentence
is
or emotion
bank
11.
"
How
siveet the
"
!
Subject,
Sentence
is
made up
of
two
Predicate.
parts,
THE SENTENCE
a.
Tlie Subject
said or asserted
is
b.
The
Predicate
Either
the
subject or the
read.
may be
predicate or both
and
in
My
sister's
small birds
sing sweetly
morning.
tlie
The
12.
Simple Subject
is
that
signifies
Simple Predicate
is
is
made.
The
Birds
is
preceding note.
The
13.
Complete Subject
modifiers.
its
with
all
under
its
1 1
tical line,
14.
The
is
Complete Predicate
modifiers.
Thus
in
is
is all
The
Object of a
that follows
it.
verb
all
I fold
is
tJic
paper.
Note.
The Direct Object represents that which is immediately
affected by the action of the verb
the Indirect Object that to or for
which the action is performed. Thus in he gave nte the hook, book
;
is
Predicate
Noun or a
Predicate Adjective is a
noun or
subject
the
George
workmen
is
was
elected president
a.
The
The verb
The
is
be in
complement
various forms
its
is
of the verb.
same case
as the subject;
Predicate Nominative.
Phrase
a combination of words
is
of honor, of honor
the noun
man ;
Adverbial Phrase
17.
in
is,
verb
limits the
it
Simple Sentence
statement, that
modifies
tJie
because
it
is
man
in
is
subject
(not
an
is
sJiines.
one
The boy
18.
Compound Sentence
is
'*
It
wind
is
never weary."
Note.
it
An
independent statement
is
19.
Complex
Sentence
is
sentence
containing
one
began
Note.
fies
A dependent
or limits another in
The
home
when
may be
ordinate).
to
or subordinate statement
some way
the elonds
is
separate statements in a
they
IVe hastened
to gatJier.
clauses,
compound
telling
when
or complex
INFLECTION
a.
their
Adjective
Clauses
stantive Clauses
That
7nan
We go
my friend
has
in
ivho
is
when H
lost his
honorable
is
rains ; or Sub-
watch
is
certainly
true.
b.
The independent
clause of a complex
Any
dependent upon
c.
it
may be
clause that
sentence
is
has another
of the
INFLECTION
Inflection is
21.
change
in its
meaning or use
dog, dogs
word
man,
to indicate
nieti ; love,
loves, loved.
DECLENSION
The
inflection
Declension.
Note.
and case,
In Latin, adjectives
to agree with the
number,
Number
noun or pronoun
23.
Case
There are three cases
24.
I.
The
sentence
in
English
He throws
the ball.
;:
lO
2.
The
Possessive (Genitive),
or ownership:
John throws
his
crown.
3.
The
Objective,
or of a preposition
sessive (genitive).
\n Latin there are seven cases
b.
not
all
bui':
different.
Gender
The gender
25.
Gender,
of English
nouns
little
is
is
what
to
in
is
called Natural
do with grammar.
father ;
boy,
is
in
the
Neuter Gender
wind, mountain.
mined
chiefly
by the
endint^.
COMPARISON
26.
The
inflection of
adjectives
is
to show
There are
and adverbs
called Comparison.
and
the
Superlative
positive
wise,
comparative
wiser,
INFLECTION
superlative wisest
lali\e best
i^ositive often,
oftenest.
a.
Note.
Comparison
in Latin is indicated
CONJUGATION
The
27.
inflection of a verb
show
are conjugated to
is
called Conjugation.
Verbs
voice,
rising,
verb
rose,
and
made up
/ tun
is
auxiliaries
Most
risen.
of
has
rise, rises,
loved,
rise
I shall
love,
loved, etc.
Note.
The statement
in
27, however,
will
is
be seen.
Voice
28.
verb
is
John was
a.
when
it
struck by
in
James.
12
Mood
29.
fact or
verb
used
is
in
is
a question
in
when
states
it
smile ?
30.
verb
and the
he slay
like
yet
vie,
If he
is
It
is
it
asserts
used
in sub-
usually introduced by
I should
-were here,
ivill
when
in
is
be
though,
if,
trust in him.''
Note.
The subjunctive mood as a separate form is very little
used in modern English, its place being taken by the indicative.
In
Latin,
31.
verb
command
in
The
birch
when
it
uses.
expresses a
or an entreaty:
of tJiy bark,
a.
is
tree.''
is
seldom
expressed.
The
The
32.
noun.
in
Infinitive
have loved,
etc.) is
It
is
a verbal
not used
or the
verb
it
may have an
like to begin
a.
The
our work
infinitive
We
early.
may
noun
relations,
The
verbal
gerund,
is
believing
to see is to believe.
INFLECTION
Tense
33.
verb
is
Tense according as
in
in
it
(Past),
or Future
love,
I loved, I shall
love.
The
a.
the Future
completed
Perfect, as
the past
in
completed
an action
in
the future
loved.
The Participle
it
34.
may
qualify a
a verb
Participle is a
a.
voice
in
and three
in
having been
7iot
hesitate to
in
the active
Note.
loved.
35.
shall
b.
he
we
loved, perfect
to
Like
object
for Jiivi.
There are
Like an adjective
verbal adjective.
may have an
it
Knoiving
vote
noun
is
of the verb
Finite Verb is a
or imperative
mood.
verb
in
au.xiliary be
A Roman Lady
INTRODUCTORY
The
may
sections on pronunciation
reference.
teacher, and,
if
to rules.
is
It
poem on page
successively,
make
they
line,
ALPHABET
36.
The Latin
noy
alphabet has
or
Otherwise
zv.
it
is
the
consonant, and
38.
is
called i-consonant
Of the consonants
The mutes are
The liquids are
The sibilant is
The double consonants
p, b,
t,
d, c, k, g, q.
ni, n, r.
1,
s.
are
s.
cs ox gs^ z
ds.
39.
e as
i
In qu,
gji,
is
fl
and sometimes
pronounced
a in
aJia'.
as in pin.
in obey.
like oo \r\foot.
like w,
so likewise in cui
8ue'-tus, accustomed.
6 as
in note.
like oo in boot.
consonant,
letter
6 as in met.
as in machine.
6 as
a in aha'.
in they.
and joined
and huic
in
is
a semivowel or
quis, qui,
Diphthongs
40.
ae
ai in aisle.
like
eu
(rare) like
au
oe
like 0/ in boil.
xnfeicd.
eti
Consonants
41.
come.
in
i-consonant
g as
like
\nyet.
like
But
English.
in get.
s as in
sicii.
v like w in wine.
ph like /"in /";-.
t as in ii/ne.
ch
in
in kite.
SYLLABLES
42.
more consonants.
or without one or
many
syllables as
diphthong with
it
as
ae-gri-tu'-do,
sickness.
2.
When
sonant
is
a word
is
with
joined
the
vowel
following
a-ma'-bi-lis,
amiable.
3.
If
vowels, as
many
be pronounced
im'-pro-bus,
bad ;
ho'-spes,
guest.
4.
in
away.
5
The
last syllable of
last,
a word
is
the
7;
:
PRONUNCIATION
QUANTITY
Vowels are long (-) o\ short (").
long vowels are marked, except in some
vowels must be regarded as short.
43.
A vowel
2.
is
tJianks
gra'-ti-ae,
titles
//
book the
unmarked
pb-e'-ma,
poem
nothing.
ni'-hil,
3.
In this
I.
;//, 7is,
and gn
in-fans,
infant
i-gnis, fire.
Diphthongs,
4.
vowels
vowels
from
resulting
representing
contraction
5:
syllable
diphthong:
6.
is
voices;
vo'-ces,
syllable
is
long
it
long
and
in-cau'-tus,
ae'-des,
if it
diphthongs,
?/;/r^//rt/,-
when
long
are
temple.
b)-
sunt, they
are
ACCENT
44.
first
2.
I.
Words
tu'-ba,
two
of
syllables
trumpet.
the penult
prae-di'-co,
pa-ter'-nus,
3.
foretell;
prae'-di-c6,
il-le'-ce-brae,
snares
paternal.
Several words,
monest are
appended
declare;
-ne,
called
enclitics,
of
to other words,
and gifts.
-que,
and, are
amat'-ne,
does he
45.
The
in pronunciation,
See introductory
note, p. 15.
MICA, MICA
stella
tarn bella
in illo.
caelo.
Mox
Ob
scintillulam gratatur
Ni micares
Quas per
Meum
tij,
non
iret.
saepe thalamum
Specularis curiosa
Neque
Donee
sciret
vias errans
liace
carpseris soporem
CASES
46.
The names
genitive,
dative,
accusative,
ablative,
nominative,
vocative,
locative.
illus-
The rhythm
of these lines
depends on accent, as
in
English poetry,
a.
except
in
is
19
second declension.
'
b.
and
alike,
c.
in the plural
The Accusative
ends
d.
in
end
in
a.
singular of
all
s.
jjlural
(LENDER
The gender
47.
of
Latin nouns
as in
is
determined partly,
much
oftener by the
termination.
towns,
Tullia,
pirns,
islands,
Tullia
pear
tree.
Africa; Roma,
Rome ;
regina,
Sicilia,
queen
Sicily;
20
LESSON
FIRST DECLENSION
The Subject
Nominative
Case
Models
48.
Noun
hasta, speai'.
Sing,
volat, Jlies.^
Plur.
hastae, spears.
Plur.
volant, fly.
Form
a.
Verb
Sing,
VOCABULARY
49.
Nouns
columba,
hasta,
Verbs
spear
f.
ambulat, walks.
dove.
f.
cantat, sings.
(p. 43).
swims.
nauta, m. sailor.
natat,
puella, f girl.
saltat, dances.
arrow.
sagitta,
f.
tuba,
f.
Interrogative Pronoun
Conjunction
et,
and.
quis,
Model
50.
who ?
Sentences
2.
3.
4.
Also
is
So of other
verbs.
quid,
what ?
F/RSr DECLENSION
In Latin there
a.
^i^irl,
b.
is
or the girl ;
What
is
article:
puella
translated
^^'/r/,
d.
may be
the predicate
c.
no
is
and
21
is
their subjects in
is
number.
not separately
Rule.
51.
52.
2. Hastae volant.
I.
Hasta volat.
3. Nauta natat.
Nautae natant. 5. Ambulatne puella ? 6. Puellae ambu8. Sagitta volat.
lant.
9. Sonatne
7. Columbaene volant }
Puella natat. 12. Quis ambulat ?
tuba? 10. Quis natat
14. Nautae cantant et saltant.
13. Nauta ambulat.
2. Do the sailors dance ?
II.
I. The sailor dances.
3. Who
I.
4.
is
singing
spear
is
arrows
4.
flying.
fly.
9.
5.
What
is
flies.
flying
8.
6.
The
Spears and
22
LESSON
II
FIRST D-ECLENSl^m
The Stem^ ends
Continued
in
Accusative
Case
Paradigm
53.
Singular
Terminations
Nom.
Gen.
\\?i's,\.a.e,
Ace.
Abl.
hasta, with,
No7n.
Gen.
Dat.
ha.stis, to
Ace.
liastas,
Ad/.
hastis, with,
Dai.
-a
-ae
-ae
-am
from, by a spear.
-a
Plural
a.
The
b.
-is^
-as
from, by spears.
-is
same form
unchanged
in inflection,
Form
and
as the
of the stem
c.
-arum
or for spears.
nominative.
-ae
to
final letter
stem disappears,
is
hast-.
plural of each
The stem
oun
in 55.
Form
is
the
FIRST DECLENSION
2$
54.
Rule of Gender.
.Youns of the first declension
are feminine unless they denote males.
VOCABULARY
55.
Nouns
aqua,
Verbs
m. farmer.
agricola,
water.
arat,
Galba, m. Galba.
Stella,
terra,
star.
f.
laudat, praises.
land, country.
f.
ploughs.
habet, has.
videt, sees.
Interrogative Pronoun
Nom.
quis,
Ace.
quern,
who ?
quid,
whom ?
Model
56.
what ?
quii,wAaif
Sentences
1.
2.
a.
is
and agricolas of
laudant.
/;.
57.
Rule.
The
direct object of
a transitive verb
is
in the accusative.
EXERCISES
58.
3.
I.
II.
I.
Who
walking?
has land.
4.
4.
3.
and the
land.
6.
Do
24
LESSON
III
tions, distinguished
-re
amare,
I.
io love,
vaonexe, io advise,
II.
distinguishing vowel a.
"
"
e.
III.
xe^^xe, to rule,
"
"
IV.
audire, to hear,
"
"
e.
i.
Paradigm
60.
Singular
am
Personal Endings
1st Person,
amo, /
2d Person,
-s,
thou or you.
jd
amat, he loves,
-t,
he, she,
Person,
love,
-5 (or -m),
loving, do love.
is loving,
does love.
/.
it.
Plural
2d
Person,
amatis,
-tis,
jd
Person,
am ant,
-nt, they.
1st Person,
Observe that
a.
amo
b.
in
instead of amao.
-mus, we.
am5
you.
In what forms
is
the a not
marked long?
In the preceding lessons verbs have been used only in the third
-t,
and
that verbs
in the plural
change
their
ending in
-nt.
ending to denote
and
Rule.
person.
number
FIRST CONJUGATION
a.
When
commonly
d.
the subject
When
no subject
is
second person,
is
Why
expressed.
is it
2$
it is
not
it ?
/le,
and they
in
the
plural.
c.
amo
Like
inflect
present.
62.
Indic.vtive Present
Infinitive Present
3mbul5, / walk.
ambulare, to walk.
I plough.
canto, / sing.
\a.u^o, I praise.
nato, / swim.
salto, / dance.
sono, / sound.
arare, to
aro,
void,
lauAare, to praise.
natare, to
swim.
saltare, to dance.
sonare, to sound.
I fly.
volare, to fly.
EXERCISES
63.
plough.
cantare, to sing.
Ambulat,
I.
laudantne
ambulamus.
natat.
7.
3.
5.
arat,
cantat.
2.
Arantne?
cantantne
Amamus, volamus,
4.
6.
Ambulare, amant,
8.
Amat,
volare,
sonant.
2. Do we
n.
I.
I do swim, he swims, I am swimming.
They are flying, he
dance? we sing, does he praise?
3.
loves, you walk.
4. You are praising, they swim, he does
dance.
5. He ploughs, to swim, do they love ?
CONVERSATION
64.
1.
2.
Quem
laudas
Puella
columbam amat,
Galbam laud3.
Columba volat.
4.
Quid volat ?
Arantne agricolae terram
5.
Agricolas laudamus.
3.
Terram
arant.
26
LESSON
IV
FIRST DECLENSION
Continued
Observe carefully
b.
in the
the genitive.
Form
c.
ing vocabulary.
Like
d.
amo
inflect the
verbs
in the
vocabulary.
VOCABULARY
66.
Nouns
femina, -ae,i
filia,- -ae, f.
f.
regina, -ae,
dajighter.
fortiina, -ae, f
poeta, -ae,
Verbs ^
woman.
fortune.
m. poet.
f.
queen.
Interrogative Pronoun
Gen.
cuius,
of whom
Model
67.
whose ? of what ?
Sentences
the
daughters of the sailor
'^'' daug
J
{ or,
Columbaepuellarum volant,
2.
i^^e
i
.
sing,
or,
is
added
to
show
the declen-
sion.
2
For peculiarity
in declension of
filia,
2.
'
FIRST DECLENSION
Observe that nautae
a.
limits flliae
not
In the
2/
all
limits
columbae.
Rule.
68.
(/rnotiui> the
EXERCISES
69.
I.
I.
libero,
fugamus,
Delectat,
delectas.
3.
liberas.
Ornamus, portant,
2.
portamus.
5.
Liberatne
4.
nam
delectat.
II.
land.
I.
3.
The
They adorn
2.
3.
4.
5.
Do
4.
CONVERSATION
Filia reginae poetam laudat.
?
Amatisne Galbam ? Galbam amamus.
Galbae hastam porto.
Puella, cuius hastam portas ?
Feminae rosae
Cuius rosae (roses) puellam ornant ?
puellam ornant,
5.
They put
70.
1.
2.
Quid
portatis
Sagittas et
tubam portamus.
'Thine,
YEAR LATIN
F/RS7^
28
LESSON V
SECOND CONJUGATION E- VERBS
moneo, monere (stem mone-), advise
Paradigm
71.
Singular
2d Person,
3d
monet, he advises,
1st Person,
Person,
is
Plural
1st Person,
monemus, we
2d Person,
jd
Person,
Review the
a.
Observe that
inflect
d.
To
terre-, vide-
VOCABULARY
72.
advena,
m. and
-ae,
Cornelia, -ae,
incola, -ae,
f.
f.
f.
inhabitant.
money.
adv.
stranger.
Cornelia.
m. and
pecunia, -ae,
f.
why ?
frighten.
SECOND CONJUGATION
29
EXERCISES
73.
Habes,
I.
I.
inonentne
habetis,
terret.
video, terretis.
mones.
Terrentne
2.
videntne
3.
doces,
videmus, habet.
Videtis,
5.
Habere,
7.
terrere, videre.
8.
Moneo,
4.
Terremus,
6.
Monetis, terreo,
decent.
Advena
9.
incolas
monet
II.
2.
frighten,
Do
3.
11.
They
I.
You
poetae docet.
filias
larum habent.
5.
12.
Quis
we
they
advising,
see,
have,
does he teach
inhabitants.
10.
They have
The
4.
the
am
warning.
queen's
money.
6.
The
REVIEW
74.
I.
What
is
of the
first
predicate
declension.
5.
What
3.
2.
What
is
the gender
4.
is
the
predicate
in
agricola
terrain
is
the
arat
6.
Point out the subject, the predicates, and the object in 73,
II. 6.
7.
What
8.
salto a
sentence
9.
2.
3.
4.
dances a sentence
Is
CONVERSATION
75.
1.
Is
Quid videtis
Piratas videmus.
Quern doces et mones ? Advenam doceo et moneo.
Cur Stellas amatis et laudatis ? Quia micant {twitikle).
Cuius pecuniam habet Cornelia ?
Poetae pecuniam
habet Cornelia.
.'
30
LESSON
VI
FIRST DECLENSION
Form
in
liina.
tl'.e
VOCABULARY
77.
-ae,
f.
fabula, -ae,
f.
insula, -ae,
f.
7nistrcss, lady.
story., tale.
island.
liina, -ae,
f.
moon.
rosa, -ae,
f.
rose.
via, -ae, f
way, road,
street.
Interrogative Pronoun
Preposition
Dat. zm,
Which
whom?
to ox for
moneo
How
what?
to ox for
Ablative with
in
domina,
a.
Continued
Case.
a.
nouns
Dative
do you know
Which
Inflect
Model Sentence
78.
[^
a.
whom
he gives
it
is
is
indirect object.
Rule.
79.
1
The
Note.
words
second
is
a metaphrase, that
is
a translation.
exercises should
first
in the dative.
a word by word, or
literal,
rendering
the
in the
FIRST DECLENSION
Model
80.
Sentence
Columbas video
( (doves
1 .,
.
in via,
Observe
a.
is
usiiaUy
i)i
the road)
,
in.
a.
where?
Rule.
81.
towns,
tliat in
see
JLng., / see
82.
and
I.
II.
EXERCISES
I.
insula habitat.
in
7.
Incolae
9.
10.
8.
Nautae
habitant.
in
terra
11.
Poetae filiabus
fabulas narrant.
II.
I.
habitants.
ways.
9.
4.
In the moon.
7.
He shows
roses.
II.
pirates live
the
They bring
on an island
the islands.
3.
6.
8.
woman
On
5.
a rose.
10.
They
12.
Do
the
CONVERSATION
83.
1.
2.
In the road.
Ad venae viam
monstrat
Galba.
2.
Cur
3.
4.
5.
in insulis habitatis
?
Puellae columbas libero.
Rosae poetam ornant.
32
LESSON
VII
SECOND DECLENSION
The Stem ends
in
Paradigms
84.
hortus,
donum, n .gift.
gardett.
Singular
Terminations
Terminations
Nom.
hortus
-us
donum
-um
Gen.
horti
-i
do 111
-i
Dai.
hort5
-6
dono
-6
Ace.
hortum
-um
donum
-um
Abl.
horto
-6
dono
-6
Plural
Nom.
horti
-I
dona
-a
Gen.
hortorum
-orum
ddnorum
-orum
Dat.
hortis
-is
donis
-is
Ace.
hortos
-OS
dona
-a
Abl.
hortis
-is
donis
-is
The
a.
horte,
(O) garden.
-ii
b.
For
c.
Nouns
to
-i
Filius, son,
vocative to
The
i:
in the
Rule of Gender.
nominative.
fill,
85.
b, e, d.
the s'ame as in
Mercury.
e.
nciitcj^
SECOND DECLENSION
VOCABULARY
86.
amicus,
m. friend.
-i,
m. master, owner.
dominus,
-i,
equus,
m. horse.
-i,
hortus,
servus,
-i, x\.
donum,
-i,
oppidum,
m. Marcus.
-i,
-i,
aurum,
n.
frumentum,
m. garden.
-i,
Marcus,
poculum,
vinum,
m. servant, slave.
-i,
-I,
-i,
gold.
gift, present.
-i,
n.
n.
grain.
town.
n.
cup.
n. xuine.
REVIEW
87.
I.
33
What
is
possessive
5.
Give the
Give the
rule.
Give the
rule.
2.
What
rule.
What
is
the case
4.
3.
What
is
EXERCISES
88.
pjcula lucent.
2. Oppidum video
Uominusne servum monet ? Domine, servos moncs.
4. Equus donum frumenti amat.
5. Equi dominorum servos delectant. 6. Marcus amico fabulam narrat.
8.
In oppidis amicos
7. Domini amicis dona auri donant.
habemus. 9. Servi equis frumentum et aquam portant.
2. The gifts of gold
II.
I. The grain delights the horse.
I.
I.
Poculum
oppida videmus.
liicet
3.
3.
in
the
garden
4.
CONVERSATION
89.
2.
3.
Quem
4.
1.
liam terret
equus terret
in
Corneliam equus
?
terret.
34
LESSON
VIII
Agreement of Adjectives
90.
Adjectives of the
first
Paradigm
91.
Masculine
A^om.
hortus
bonus
Gen.
horti
boni
Dat.
horto
Neuter
Femi.nine
bona
hastae bonae
hastae bonae
hasta
bono
etc.
donuni
bonuni
doni
boni
dono
a.
b.
For the
full
bono
etc.
etc.
See 84,
a.
92. Rule.
Adjectives agree with their nouns in
gender, niunher, and case.
Note.
The
If,
first
mean
for example,
is
shown
in the following
Paradigm
93.
Plural
Singular
Nom.
nauta
bonus
nautae
Gen.
nautae
boni
nautarum bonorum
Dat.
nautae
bon5
nautis
etc.
boni
bonis
etc.
FIRST
Complete
a.
tlie
iJccline
35
together,
adding the vocative case, amicus cams, dear friend; columba alba,
farmer J
VOCABULARY
94.
Nouns
carrus,
cibus,
m.food.
-i,
oppidanus,
-i,
pilum,
-i, xi.
remus,
-i,
ventus,
Adjectives
bonus, bona, bonum, good, kind.
m. wagon, cart.
-i,
m. townsman,
javelin
(p. 27).
m. wind.
n5n, adv.
ubi, adv.
tiot.
famous.
m. oar.
-I,
where,
EXERCISES
95.
Estne
I.
in
magno
carro
9.
OppidanI
I.
great
kind townsmen.
8.
To
Trumpet
36
LESSON IX
The Verb Sum
Predicate
Indicative
Present
Paradigm
96.
Plural
Singular
sumus, we
1st Pe?'son.
sum, / am.
2d Person.
ts,
3d
Person.
you
are.
es\As,
you
are.
are.
VOCABULARY
97.
bellum,
-i,
war.
n.
Britannia, -ae,
caelum,
-i,
dea, -ae,
f.
n.
Britain.
f.
sky,
heavens
goddess.
-ae,
f.
Europe.
Graecia, -ae,
f.
Greece.
Eur5pa,
inimicus,
m. enemy.
-i,
-ae,
f.
Rome.
Vesta, -ae,
f.
Vesta.
Roma,
Model
98.
a.
the
was.
Sentences
2.
3.
townsmen.
same persons
pressed subject of
Cd.\\td
little.
your, yours.
as incolae,
estis.
Victoria, agricolae
with forms of
sum
are
99. Rule.
A predicate
the subject of the verb.
noun agrees in
case with
100.
Sentences
1.
37
is large.
gardens are
2.
3.
large.
welcome.
is
a.
b.
102,
I.
and
tlie
II.
REVIEW
101.
!.
Give the
rule of
What
second declension.
2.
have occurred?
Is the
as that of the
correct
3.
declension
first
of the
declension
it
agrees?
4.
Why
is
EXERCISES
102.
I.
first
I.
Galba
est parva.
4.
est validus.
insula Europae.
6.
Galba
2.
Tuum poculum
estne
est agricola.
magnum
8.
Non gratum
est
5.
7.
3.
Mea
filia
Britannia est
Carri Galbae
bellum.
9.
Bella
11. Graecia
non sunt grata. 10. In caelj erant stellae.
12, Stellas parvas in caelo video.
est Europae terra parva.
14. Oppidani
13. Claro^ in caelo Stellas parvas videmus.
Galbam
II.
et
I.
The
Rome were
and long.
streets of the
not broad.
4.
The new
3.
town are
long.
The roads
You
are
my
2.
The
5.
dear friend.
Adjective, preposition,
noun
is
streets of
common
order.
38
LESSON X
SECOND DECLENSION
Continued
Paradi^tns
103.
puer, m. boy.
liber, libera,
Singular
Masc.
Neut.
liberum
puer
iTber
Gen.
pueri
llberl
Dai.
puero
iTbero
liberae
libero
Ace.
puerum
liberum
iTberam
liberum
AM.
puero
libero
libera
libero
Norn.
pueri
iTberi
liberae
libera
Gen.
puerorum
liberorum
llberarum
liberorum
liberae
liberi
pueris
liberls
llberis
llberis
Ace.
pueros
Ilberos
llberas
libera
AM.
pueris
liberis
llberis
llberis
a.
liber
liber,
What
is
free
war;
man;
What
tive singular?
and
d,
2.
cases in is?
4.
What two
Decline dominus,
84, c
nomi-
REVIEW
104.
0?
in the
woman;
I.
(84).
of hasta (53),
b.
Plural
Dat.
native singular
5.
Fem.
libera
Norn.
Plural
in
liberum free.
Singular
;d:j/^r.
declension end
of the accusa-
Decline bellum,
7r'r.
7.
Read again
SECOND DECLENSION
VOCABULARY
105.
Duilius, Duili, m.
filius, fill,
liberi,
11
Hi its.
m. son (47S).
liber, libera,
m.
puer. pueri,
vir, viri,
EXERCISES
Filii
6.
4.
care
fili
10.
II.
wars.
Remus nautae
Vocatne
7.
5.
?
superantne
9.
The owners of
For your small sons.
(my) poor friend!
I.
3.
4.
asperi.
Cibus puerorum
viri
2.
Misero in carro.
viis.
8.
virorum liberorum.
Ventis asperis.
miserorum.
5.
m. vian (478).
I.
8.
y>w.
boy.
106.
3.
liberum,
I.
39
land of the
We
We
10.
12.
free.^
fierce
pirates.
The
inhabit-
9,
We
11,
CONVERSATION
107.
1.
2.
Quid
3.
Viri
validi,
quern
superatis
Inimicds asperos
supe-
ramus.
4.
Habentne
5.
pueri pila
See
3, d.
40
LESSON XI
SECOND DECLENSION
Continued
Apposition
Paradigjns
LOS.
ager,
m. field.
Singular
S INGULAR
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
ager
piger
pigra
pigrum
Gen.
agri
pigri
pigrae
pigri
Dat.
agrS
pigro
pigrae
pigro
Ace.
agrum
pigrum
pigram
pigrum
Abl.
agro
pigro
pigra
pigro
Plural
Plural
Nom
agri
pigri
pigrae
pigra
Gen.
agrorum
pigrorum
pigrarum
pigrorum
Dai.
agrls
pigris
pigris
pigris
Ace.
agros
pigros
pigras
pigra
Abl.
agris
pigris
pigris
pigris
a.
tlie
lilce
puer and
liber,
nominative.
VOCABULARY
109.
agar, agri, m.. field.
liber, libri,
m. book.
magister, magistri, m.
jnaster, teacher.
Sextus,
occurs only in
-i,
m. Sextus.
SECOND DECLENSION
book.
[ liber, librl,
If
liliberi,
Model
110.
libeidrum, children.
SenteJices
1.
2.
loi'e
flie
Marcus,
farmer,
(^uiy)
a.
same way
HI.
Rule.
Marcum.
to
An
noun, ivJiich
a.
it
Read again
et nigri.
You
98.
will
see
that the
appositive closely
8.
2.
magistrorum.
pulchri
6.
Ventorum
asperorum.
7.
strum delectat.
11.
Liber,
12.
est.
Pulchrumne
14.
10.
d5num pulchrum
est
Servus Sextum
Corneliae, magi-
caelum?
Many
13.
Servus
16.
Tui
donum gratum.
II.
I. To Galba, my friend,
I give a book.
children of Sextus we give many gifts.
3. To
sons they give pretty books.
4. The men dwell
town.
5. They dwell in Greece, a rough country
6.
Equi albi
amicum amat.
15.
with the
Pigrorum servorum.
g.
is
related
EXERCISES
I.
Libri
5.
is
limits.
112.
3.
amicum
I.
lias afield.
friend.
libri
2.
To
sunt
the
the men's
in
a poor
of Europe.
42
LESSON
XII
Model
114.
The
an arrow')
an arrow.
a.
Sejitence
{to
^" the boy is
equivalent in meaning to
is
is
The
of
115. Rule.
The dative is used with est, sunt, etc., to
denote the possessor, the thing possessed being the
subject.
Model Sentence
116.
.^.
Donum
(the p-ift to
j^^-^
a.
limits the
verb donat
Rule.
117.
limits
the boy
is dear)
-^
^
carum
in 78.
Adjectives
fit,
the
dative.
EXERCISES
118.
I.
I.
eramus, erimus.
6.
4.
2.
Suntne
Sum, eram,
7.
Esse.
erant, erunt.
ero.
5.
Esne
3.
?
Sumus,
eras, eris.
8.
est liber.
1 1.
shall be.
4.
Is
liabet.
Magister libruin
9.
43
13. Niintii
erunt miseri.
10. I)uili(j
12.
Erantne
14.
Caelum
gratum.
est
are.
Were we?
2.
he? they
are.
He
5.
was.
3.
shall be,
6.
we
He will
REVIEW
119.
I
Decline servus.
vir.
magister.
asper.
2.
3.
clarus.
Decline oppidanus
What
4.
5.
liber,
nauta
and a
CONVERSATION
120.
Quem
1.
3.
4.
2.
et grata.
Quia
libros
amat.
5.
Videsne,
video.
nuntie.
lunam novam
Lunam
nigro
in
caelo
44
LESSON
XIII
Ct^w/w/^-r^/
Ablative of Means
Paradigtns
121.
Plural
Singular
3.
1.
2.
3.
monebat,
was
1.
2.
Singular
a.
lie
Plural
advising.
ama + ba + m,
b.
-ba-,
How
and
is
formed by adding
to the
moneo formed ?
Review the verbs of 66 and 72 and form the imperfect
etc.
aratrum,
the imperfect of
first
VOCABULARY
122.
Note.
is
n.
plough
in the vocabularies.
(p. ^y).
5rno, ornare,
piigno, pugvikrQ,Jfghl.
deus, del, m. a
gladius, gladi,
god (482).
m. sword (p.
ti?-ed.
27).
scutum,
-i,
n. shield.
somnus,
-i,
m.
Also did
loz'c,
loved.
ours.
sleep, droiusiness.
impleo, implere.yf//.
ottr.,
adorn, deck.
frighten.
summon.
FIRST
McyJcI Sentences
123.
1.
3.
men routed
with s/>ears
2.
45
the enemies
and arrows.
Observe that the ablatives hastis, sagittis, aqua, and equis answer
by what? with what? by means of what? The
the questions
124.
Rule.
is
The ablative
or instrianent of
an
Terrebasne
ornabatis.
7.
3.
Monebat,
2.
delectabam.
Fugabamus, fugabant, liberabamus.
5.
13.
I.
Videbatis, terrebatis,
8.
Liberi columbas
nostra
ornabant.
rosis
3.
means
pulchrae pocula
II.
denote the
amabat,
habebat, habebant.
6.
tubis terrebant.
rum.
to
EXERCISES
Amabantne
I.
monebant, docebam.
4.
used
action.
125.
I.
is
of means or instrianent.
12.
11.
10.
Puellae
Agricolae
fru-
By means
of shields.
4.
We
Mercurv.
10.
9.
46
LESSON XIV
FIRST AND SECOND CONJUGATIONS
Ablative of
Co//^^
Manner
Paradigms
126.
Plural
Singular
I
amabo, /
amabimus, we shall
sJiall love.
yon
VLvaahis,
3.
iL'!!/
amabitis,
love.
2.
you will
love.
love.
love.
Plural
Singular
1
2.
3.
a.
ama- the
the
is
tense-sign
dropped
person plural.
b.
-bi-,
and
in the first
How
is
is
formed by adding
66, 72,
but
in the third
moneo formed?
and 77, and form the future
first
VOCABULARY
127.
in,
laboro, lab5rare,
f.
chase away.
stem
the future of
ara, -ae,
to the
abl. with.
quo, adv.
n.
Joy, gladness.
suffer.
whither?
templum,
care.
gaudium, gaudi,
work,
-I,
n.
temple
(p. 95).
128.
1
Vir
2.
Vir
3.
Vir
Sentences
a.
47
is
expressed
in the
cum
(I)
studio
(2)
magno cum
studi5
(3)
is used to denote
of an action ; hut cum may he omitted if
an adjective is used with the ahlative.
Rule.
129.
the
manner
a.
^-^-a/t^^i/)'/
cum
care/ul/yy
cura.,
cum
gaudio,
joyfully, gladly.
EXERCISES
130.
2. Amabitne ?
Amabunt, monebunt, properabunt.
monebit, tenebimus. 3. Manebuntnej? monstrabimus, terrebo.
I.
4.
I.
Laborabisne
5.
docebitis, properabo.
validus
7.
validi.
6.
Quo
properabit agricola
8.
In
magno cum studio. 9. Cum gaudio frumentum in oppidum portabunt. 10. Magna ciira equos agitabunt.
II. Non in oppido manebunt.
2. He will hasten.
II.
I. You will build.
3. Who will drive
6. For sick children.
4. We shall drive.
5. You will hold.
8. You will
7. You will build a temple with great care.
agris
laborabunt
altar.
9.
We
10.
Whose
the altar
They
will
1
Observe
tlie
11.
altar will
they see?
1.
48
LESSON XV
FIRST CONJUGATION
Continued
Reading Lesson
Principal Paris of Verbs
131.
Pres. Ind.
Pres. Inf.
Perf. Ind.
amo
amare
amavi
a.
calLd because
b.
Perf. Part.
The
all
all
amav-
is
formed by adding v
verbs of the
first
conjugation
to the verb-stem
first
ama-, amav-.
Give
122, 127.
Paradigm
132.
I /lave
1.
2ima.\\,
2.
amavisti,
3.
amavit,
/<??/
lie
Personal Endings^
loved,
have
loved,
I did
love,
loved, etc.
has loved,
-i
-isti
-it
etc.
Plural
1
amavimus,
2.
3.
amaverunt,
a.
The
ive
have
-imus
loved, etc.
-ere, they
have
-istis
etc.
loved, etc.
-erunt, -ere
the conjugations, as
we
all
shall see.
FIRST CO.XJUGATION
act,
tlie
Reading Lesson
illustrations in the
EXERCISES
133.
Vocavitne
I.
I.
See
(134).
c.
49
amavit, superavit.
taverunt, laboraverunt.
vimus.
Amavine
4.
3.
vocavisti,
Pugnaverunt,
2.
agi-
5.
Portavit,
delectavit, fugavit.
II.
2.
You have
I.
have adorned,
praised,
brought,
4.
We
you
gave,
you
ploughed,
related.
set free.
3.
134.
VOCABULARY
135.
arma, -orum,
audacia, -ae,
diu,
n. plur.
f.
arms.
boldness, daring.
pro, prep,
in defence of.
m. a Roman.
R5inanus,
-i,
-um, doubtful.
Romulus,
-1,
m. and
dubius,
-a,
incola, -ae,
Italia, -ae,
f.
f.
inhabitant.
Italy.
f.
vicinus,
formerly.
native country.
m. Romulus.
-i,
m. neighbor.
victoria, -ae,
volnero, -are,
f.
victory.
wound.
50
LESSON XVI
SECOND CONJUGATION
Principal Parts
Continued
Paradigm
136.
Singular
1.
2.
monuisti,
3.
etc.
etc.
Plural
1
2.
3.
a.
ously
-are
Verbs of the second conjugation form the perfect stem varimoneo forms it by dropping final e of the verb-stem {']i,b) and
;
very irregular.
b.
them
etc.
adding u
hold,
this conjugation.
The
perfect participles
a.
inflect
Pres. Inf.
Perf. Ind.
Perf. Part.
doceo
docere
docul
doctus, teach.
habeo
habere
habul
habitus, have.
terreo
terrere
terrul
territus,
teneo
tenere
tenul
luceo
lucere
luxl
maneo
manere
mansi
mansus, remain.
impleo
implere
implevi
impletus,yf//.
video
videre
vidl
visus, see.
RES. IND.
frighten
hold
luctus, shitie.
137.
I.
I.
habuerunt.
runtne
10.
mansimus.
5.
Puero
7.
implevit.
cura puellam
4.
Vidine
vide-
luxerunt.
Aqua pOcula
Cum
Docuerunt, habuit,
2.
3.
Stellae
6.
8.
51
erat
poculum pulchrum.
9.
11. Scuta et
aegram portaverunt.
12. Olim Romulus Sabinos
superavit et fugavit.
II.
I.
into a
frightened the
fight w^ith the
remained.
6.
little
town.
2.
Often
it
3.
Roman Headdresses
52
LESSON XVII
The Demonstrative
Is
Is,
Is,
pronoun,
Paradigm
138
Plural
Singular
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
is
ea
id
ii,
Gen.
eius
eius
eius
eorum
ei
el
ei
iis,
Ace.
cum
earn
id
eos
ea
eo
the
declension of
AM.
a.
eo
Compare
same as those
Note.
ea
eorum
earum
eis
iis,
eis
iis,
eas
eis
iis,
eis
ea
eis
iis,
eis
iis,
is,
eae
ei
Dat.
Neut.
Fem.
Masc.
of bonus.
ei,
dative,
and
eo, ablative.
139.
Is
AS A
Pronoun
Singular
Nom.
this,
Gen.
Dat.
Ace.
tJiis,
Abl.
by,
it.
with,
etc.,
its.
it.
Plural
Nom.
tliese,
Gen.
Dat.
Ace.
these, those ;
Abl.
those ; they.
them.
them.
it.
THE DEMOXSTRATIVE
Modd
140.
1
Is vir
cum
Eum
3.
a. Is in tlie first
It
sentence
is
designates
53
Sentences
2.
IS
i.e.
that (man).
we praise
used
its
witli a
noun
in
noun and
phatically, as
c,
h.
Is in
pronoun.
c.
d.
and
and 212,
3
a demonstra-
the aforesaid.
b.
is
The meanings
is
of
is
as a
a demonstrative
is
in 139.
EXERCISES
141.
I.
I.
Id scutum,
gladio, eo bello.
3.
is
.Eo
gladius, ea fabula.
2.
Eo
gladi5, ei
4.
In
7.
Eosne
fuit tua.
vidistis
Non
6.
li viri
eos, sed
As
subject
and as
object.
54
LESSON
XVIII
The Interrogative
Quis
Paradigffi
142.
Quis?
Plural
Singular
Norn.
Neut.
Fem.
Masc.
Fem.
Masc.
quis (qui)
quae
quid (quod)
Neut.
quae
quae
qui
Gen.
cuius
ciiius
cuius
quorum quarum
quorum
Dai.
cui
cui
cui
quibus
quibus
quibus
Ace.
quern
quam
quid (quod)
quos
quas
quae
Abl.
quo
qua
quo
quibus
quibus
quibus
143.
Nom.
Gen.
of whom
Dat.
to or for
whom ?
Ace.
whom ?
Abl.
by, etc.,
Model Sentences
144.
1
to gender.
What man
his country ?
amat
IVho does
2.
3.
4.
a.
.?
.''
What
interrogative adjective; in 2
As an
ber,
interrogative adjective
and
case.
As
.?
a pronoun
it
and 4
it
ttot
What gift
it
is
in
and
it
is
an
an interrogative pronoun.
agrees with
its
noun
has no feminine.
in gender,
num-
b.
is
is
in
EXERCISES
145.
Note.
always used
tive adjective,
55
in
ing of the Latin, to pronounce any Latin word, the sense of which
is
not
.'
.'
Quam
10.
aravit agricola
12.
Ciiius
Quo
11.
arma habet
is
puer
Who
was a messenger of the gods ? 2. Whose messenger was Mercury ? 3. Whose shield did that boy have ?
5. Whom have you
4. To whom did he give the shield ?
overcome ? 6. With what arms have you overcome those
II.
men
I.
.'
REVIEW
146.
I.
.the
What
perfect?
make up
5. From
2.
of vocavit, line
2,
and amabant,
and four of
\.
is
line 3.
4.
3.
What
is
What forms
used as an adjective.
6.
.''
is
sum 1
used as a pronoun
masculine
of the verb
.''
56
LESSON XIX
THIRD CONJUGATION E-VERBS
Note.
in
short
Observe
e,
rego (stem
Principal Parts
rege-),
See
e.
147.
59.
rule
and
future,
Observe that the personal endings are the same as those already
a.
first
to the perfect.
Compare
b.
c.
moneo
in respect
to the
Compare
Com-
Like rego
send.
inflect in the
same tenses
parts, see
Vocabulary.
The
buy ; mitto,
No
rule
can be given.
VOCABULARY
148.
aurum,
n. gold.
-i,
m. and
now.
f.
terra, -ae,
f.
inhabitant.
/"//.
land, country.
at that time.
biiy.
149.
I.
I.
3.
S7
rcget.
regcbat,
Regit,
6.
4.
2.
7.
5.
Duxe-
Mittimus,
mittunt, mittent.
Agricolae
8.
9.
Id frumentum
15.
II.
he was leading, he
leads,
will
lead.
3.
will rule.
2.
Pie
have bought, we
will send, I have
4. I am sending, I
You (sing.) send, you will send, you (plur.) have
6. To send, to buy, to lead.
sent.
8. Often
7.^ The Romans once had (perf.) many lands.
they did not rule (impf.) them well. 9. Then the inhabitants
10.'- What arms had
they?
of those lands fought boldly.
5.
Dative of possessor.
Writing
M.a.terials
58
LESSON XX
REVIEW: READING LESSON
150.
I
Give the
infinitives of
rego.
5.
imperfect?
9.
second conjugations?
To
6.
amo add
the
7.
and
What
4.
What letter of
3. What are
What are the per2.
Why?
future.
8.
What
is
11.
and
Review
Cum
studio.
is
10.
first
EXERCISES
151.
Ad vena
I.
I.
defessus.
4.
Cum
6.
8.
Ea
9.
Plena, in iQna.
2.
aegri.
7.
5.
3.
bone?
II.
Cur
in
insulis
13.
erunt.
II.
I.
3.
We
2.
Who
are
ICARUS
152.
and
little sister)
S.
F.
De
F.
Icaro, Daedali
filio,
puero miserrimo
{tnost unlucky).
READING LESSON
59
F.
volavit Icarus.
Sol
{suti)
ceram
S.
F.
S.
wing.
cera, -ae, f
de, prep,
{sed).
VOCABULARY
153.
ala, -ae, f
wax.
with
-s^A.
minime, adv.
from,
7iot
at
all.
aboift.
fashion, devise.
6o
LESSON XXI
THIRD DECLENSION
The stem ends
in a consonant or in /
Paradigms
:.
rex,
miles, m.
m.
king
Stems :reg-
virtus,
f.
caput, n.
soldier
virtue
head
milit-
virtiit-
capit-
Terminations
M. &
N.
F.
SlNGULAR
or-
A-07H.
rex
miles
virtus
caput
-s
Gen.
regis
militis
virtutis
capitis
-is
Dat.
regi
militi
virtu ti
capiti
-i
Ace.
regem
militem
virtutem
caput
-em
Abl.
rege
milite
virtute
capita
-e
-e
-a
-is
-i
Plural
Nom.
reges
mllites
virtutes
capita
-es
Gen.
regum
mllitum
virtu turn
capitum
-um
-um
Dat.
regibus
mllitibus
virtutibus
capitibus
-ibus
-ibus
Ace.
reges
mllites
virtutes
capita
-es
-a
Abl.
regibus
mllitibus
virtQtibus
capitibus
-ibus
-ibus
Review
a.
b.
sary
46, a,
b, c,
all
which
d.
e.
in
d.
always given
genitive,
it is
neces-
a consonant
-is
in the vocabularies.
No
rule can
be given.
THIRD DECLENSION
^,
6i
i,^
virtue;
VOCABULARY
155.
caput, capitis, n. head.
lapis, lapidis,
m. stone.
miles, militis,
m. soldier.
eques, equitis,
et
et,
fortiter,
m. horseman.
conj. both
ducem
rex, regis,
adv. bravely.
vi\.
foot-soldier.
m. king.
virtus, virtiitis,
f.
courage, virtue.
EXERCISES
Et reges
I.
I.
pedes, peditis,
and.
156.
4.
that
ea virtus,
head.
id caput, tliis
vidi
et
hodie.
Capita multorum
3.
duce pugnabant.
et
reportaverunt victoriam.
neraverunt.
Virtiis
7.
reportabant.
8.
6.
Lapidibus
equitum
et
5.
2.
Regem
et
peditum vidimus.
Virtute et studio
et sagittis
multos vol-
Eum
lapi-
dibus volnerabunt.
II.
3.
On
I.
By the courage
spears.
6.
5.
of soldiers.
In a town
saw
a king.
4.
of the foot-soldiers.
7.
a good general
A Roman Coin
62
LESSON XXII
THIRD CONJUGATION VERBS IN
-10
Principal Parts
157.
and
future, imperfect,
the present?
The
In the future?
and
-e (capere)
-i
in
stem
final
(capio).
All verbs in -io with the infinitive in -ere are conjugated like capio.
Like capio
inflect in the
same tenses
Model
158.
ivLgib,
Jlee ; iacio,
hnrl (161).
Sentefices
2.
from
from
school.
3.
4.
a.
Observe that a
motion
is
directed.
On
\.\\&
place
Rule.
159.
towns,
to
which motion
is
in terram,
directed.
the
land)
rules.
instead of a and
up07i
Hence two
Place
is eX'pressed
Note.
denotes
down
the wall.
e.
h,
THIRD COAJUGATION
Rule.
160.
towns,
is
63
VOCABULARY
161.
a (ab), prep, with abl.
mums,
by.
with abl.
e (ex),
legatus,
m. wall.
m.foot.
of from.
schola, -ae,
m. deputy, lieutenant.
-i,
-1,
pes, pedis,
f.
school.
flee,
send off.
run away.
throw, hurl,
cast.
EXERCISES
162.
I.
De
I.
ducibus ad
capite ad pedem.
milites.
fugient, fugit.
iecimus.
8.
4.
2.
A schola
6.
in
oppidum.
3.
Fugiunt,
5.
Ceperunt,
iecit,
9.
oppidis
equos
Quia
quo fugerunt
fuerunt (115)
II.
I.
hurl,
hurl,
In
(ivithin)
13.
From
from heaven.
will
11.
muros.
12.
Quo
eos dimiserunt et
Quae arma
3.
militibus
Both
in
2.
With stones
5.
You
hurl,
4.
He
you
will
you hurled.
Women and
7.
64
LESSON XXIII
THIRD DECLENSION
Consonant Stems
Continued
Liquids (38)
Ablative of Cause
Paradigms
163.
homo, m.
volnus, n.
father
man
wound
body
patr-
homin-
volner-
corpor-
pater,
Stems
m.
corpus, n.
SlNGULAR
Nom.
pater
liomd
volnus
corpus
Gen.
patris
hominis
volneris
corporis
Dat.
patrl
homini
volneri
corpori
Ace.
patrem
hominem
volnus
corpus
AM.
patre
homine
volnere
corpore
Plural
Ndfn.
patres
homines
volnera
corpora
Gen.
patrum
hominum
volnerum
corporum
Dat.
patribus
vohieribus
corporibus
Ace.
patres
Abl.
patribus
hominibus
homines
hominibus
a.
Review the
b.
Decline
is
id corpus, pater
Model
Homo puerum
corpora
volneribus
corporibus
homo,
164.
1
volnera
also 154, b
and
c.
cams.
Sentences
3.
Tuo
4.
Pedes longa
volnere
march.
sum
y.-.a
miser,
I am
ivj'etched because
want of water.
ofyour wound.
tired with the long
THIRD DECLENSION
Observe that the ablatives
a.
cause or reason.
these ablatives
is
used
praise, glory.
laus, laudis,
pater, patris,
inopia, -ae,
volnus, volneris, n.
f.
7i.'ant,
lack.
Homines eos
I.
verunt.
m. father.
wound.
grieve.
2.
milites
lapidibus
neribus
vestris
magnam
a rege.
Cum
et
Volnera
3.
audacia pugnabatis
magnam
volnera-
hastis
riam
i.
EXERCISES
167.
7.
express cause.
to
VOCABULARY
166.
I.
4.
et pedites et equites.
8.
Victo-
virtlate reportavistis.
a.
denote
in translating
165.
65
tell
how
I.
The
teachers
dismiss
the
children
3.
from school.
What king
will flee
REVIEW
168.
I.
whence.
5.
3.
For manner.
answer?
7.
What
6.
What
question
the ablative of
4.
2.
does
the
manner?
8.
ablative
What
of place
the ablative
of
you
to decline it?
What
else
66
LESSON XXIV
THIRD DECLENSION
Stems
in i
Paradigms
169
hostis,
Stems
Continued
m.
nubes,
urbs,
f.
animal,
f.
n.
enemy
cloud
city
animal
hosti-
niibi-
urbi-
animali-
Terminations
M. & F.
N.
SlNGULAR
Nom.
hostis
nubes
urbs
animal
-s
Gen.
hostis
nubis
urbis
animalis
-is
-is
Dat.
host!
nubi
urbi
animal!
-i
-i
Ace.
hostem
nubem
urbem
animal
-em
Abl.
hoste
nube
urbe
animali
-e
-i
Plural
Nom.
hostes
nubes
urbes
animalia
-es
-ia
Gen.
hostium
nubium
urbium
animalium
-ium
-ium
Dat.
hostibus
nubibus
urbibus
animalibus
-ibus
-ibus
Ace.
hostis, -es
nobis, -es
urbis, -es
animalia
-is,
Abl.
hostibus
nubibus
urbibus
animalibus
-ibus
a.
154.
b.
Compare
What
the
first
differences do
Compare
-es -ia
-ibus
under
first
you find?
54 and
The
accusative in -im
d.
As a guide
turris, turrim,
and
tower.
will
be
To
decline a
in
i,
dropped, except
ter-
the nominative.
Decline avis pulchra, pretty bird, and mare magnum, great sea.
THIRD DECLENSION
Nouns with I-Stcms
170.
I.
67
Nouns
in -is
and
Nouns
3.
and
in -ns
-rs.
in the genitive.
Neuters
2.
Monosyllables
4.
in -s or -x
following a consonant.
VOCABULARY
171.
m. and
ferrum,
n.
animal.
f.
citizen.
n. iron, siuord.
-i,
f.
ship.
f.
cloud,
flock.
hostis,
(44, 3).
f.
city.
a public enemy.
EXERCISES
Qui
I.
I.
finibus
pila
nubem equitum
;
1.
in
laudem
fine
Piratae e
animali
Magna navium
virtute
capiet.
fill
terrae viderunt.
fuit
inopia
8.
Ei
7.
Gives
hostes pila
The
4.
3.
those
men
On account of
wounds of those men.
?
That
is,
They take
Whither
From
4.
2.
Ei
3.
5.
II.
insulas.
laboramus.
iecerunt
ad
fugiebant
Italiae
magnum
at the
and
172.
6.
-que, conj.
m. enemy, foe.
inimicus, a private or
fire.
(mari-), n. sea.
-is
m. end, border,
m.
mare,
bird.
f.
5.
will that
Why
(their)
2.
Boys
books and
cloud of birds
fly
.-"
their courage.
in
6.
We
grieved
the nominative.
68
LESSON XXV
Continued
THIRD DECLENSION
Gender
Masculine
Rule.
173.
creasing
J^oinis
in
-o,
and
-es
in-
Feminine
Rule I.
JVouns in -do, -go, together with
abstract and collective nouns in -io, are feminine.
Rule 2.
J^ouns in -as, -es not increasing in the
genitive, -is, -us, -x, and -s following a consonant are
feminine.
174.
Neuter
Rule.
175.
J\"ouns
in
-a, -e,
-i,
-y, -c,
-I,
-n,
-t,
-ar,
The above
Note.
I and
(47,
gender
2).
176.
Masculine
m.
citizen.
horseman.
That
is,
m. soldier.
m. father.
in the
nominative.
THIRD DECLENSION
69
Feminine
avis, avis (avi-).
laus. laudis,
f.
f.
niibes,
bird.
nubis (nubi-),
praise.
virtQs, virtiitis,
sliip.
f.
f.
f.
f.
cloud.
city.
courage.
Neuter
animalis
animal
(animali-).
n.
ani)>tal.
volnus, volneris, n.
wound.
See
Exceptions to the rules of gender (i 73-175) ^fe starred.
of these exceptions come under the general rules of gender
a.
how many
(47,
b.
c.
example,
d.
starred.
virtiis
Make
and
as,
for
corpus.
a hst of
all
177.
Read again
85.
Apply
th
f.
endurance.
saliis, salutis, f.
safety.
socius, soci,
m. comrade,
telum,
weapon.
terror, terroris.
fragor, fragoris,
m. crash.
and
A Roman Coin
-i.
n.
m. terror.
ally.
70
LESSON XXVI
Review: Reading Lesson
REVIEW
178,
noun; (3)
you
a consonant or an i-stem
its
table of terminations.
an i-stem noun and that nubes, nubis is ? 3. How can you tell, without
knowing the genitive, that cliens, client, mare, sea, and arx, citadel, are
i-stem nouns ?
4. Write down the table of terminations of masculine
and feminine nouns with consonant stems (154) then, by the side
of it, the table of masculine and feminine nouns with i-stems (169).
Is there any difference in the singu5. Compare the two tables.
lar?
6. What are the differences in the plural.?
7. In the same
;
way
8.
write side
What
plural.?
safety
novum
Decline
ID.
by
fragor magnus,
lotid
What
9.
crash; tua
in the
saliis,
youi-
volnus,
sea
new wound.
179.
less
common words
Porsena,
Romam
parva
Romanorum
obsidebat.
eis erat
defendit.
erat
Nam
Romanorum
Olim urbem
terror,
viri
quia
eos
cum sociis pro ponte Sublicio Horadum Romani a tergo (behind hifji) pontem
paucis
rescindunt.
Magnus
tela
Horatius armatus
in
Tiberim
desilit
READING LESSON
VOCABULARY
180.
armatus,
-a,
-um, armed.
dum,
71
solus, -a,
conj. while.
inter, prep,
tandem, adv. at
few.
Quis
swim
hold in check.
across.
CONVERSATION
181.
I.
fuit
Porsena
multi ei fuerunt
Rex Etruscorum
Non paucos
fuit.
habuit milites.
2.
3.
Militesne
Cur urbem
A Ro.MAN Coin
72
LESSON XXVII
ADJECTIVES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION
The Stem ends
in /
Reading Lesson
Paradigms
182.
M. &
Norn.
Singular
M. &
N.
F.
stem brevi-
Singular
N.
F.
audax
audax
brevis
breve
Gen.
audacis
audacis
brevis
brevis
Dat.
audaci
audaci
brevi
brevi
Ace.
audacem
audax
brevem
breve
Abl.
audaci, -e
audaci, -e
brevi
brevi
Plural
Plural
JVo/n.
audaces
audacia
breves
Gen,
audacium
audacium
brevium
brevium
Dat.
audacibus
audacibus
brevibus
brevibus
Ace.
audacis, -es
audacia
brevis, -es
brevia
Abl.
audacibus
audacibus
brevibus
brevibus
keen
',
eager J stem
brevia
acri-
Plural
SiNGULAE
MASC.
FEM.
NEUT.
MASC.
FEM.
Norn.
acer
acris
acre
acres
acres
acria
NEUT.
Gen.
acris
acris
acris
acrium
acrium
acrium
Dat.
acri
acri
acri
acribus
acribus
acribus
Ace.
acrem
acrem
acre
acris, -es
acris, -es
acria
Abl.
acri
acri
acri
acribus
acribus
acribus
a.
like audax,
all
genders,
73
those having
b.
in
Compare
What
Note.
laries
c.
-i
in the
vocabu-
enemy ;
CAESA.R IN
183.
GAUL
(B.C.
58-51)
Gaius lulius Caesar, audax dux Romanorum, Gallos supeMilites Caesarem maxime amabant, nam exemplum
omnibus praebebat constantiae et fortitudinis. Militum salutem imperator diligenter curabat, omnisque tolerabat labores
Multae et fortes erant in
aeque ac {equally wit/i) milites.
Gallia gentes, sed commiine periculum eas non coniunxit.
Itaque Caesar bellum cum eis gessit et tandem omnem Galliam
ravit.
in
Roman!
VOCABULARY
184.
communis,
common.
-e,
constantia, -ae,
exemplum,
fortis, -e,
redegit.
f.
n.
-i,
steadfastness.
example.
brave.
Gallia, -ae,
Gaul.
ciiro,
omnis,
-e, all,
periculum,
populus,
f.
race, tribe.
hardship.
toil,
-i,
danger.
m. people.
-i,
potestas, potestatis,
m.
power.
take care.
endure.
74
LESSON XXVIII
FOURTH CONJUGATION I-VERBS
Ablative of Time
audio (stem audi-), hear
Principal Parts
185.
and
future,
Compare the
Observe
that three syllables of audi5 in the present differ in quantity from the
the verb-stem
veni
c.
formed by adding v
Like audi5
to
is
audi-, audiv-.
A few verbs of
Note.
larly
b.
p of the verb-stem
inflect in the
venio,
reperio, repperi.
same tenses
reperio, Jind,
and
venio,
co/ne (189).
EXERCISES
186.
I.
I.
audiet.
vimus,
venit,
3.
audietis.
venisti.
5.
7.
I.
He
Audivi,
9.
audis,
venimus,
Venit,
repperistis, reperitis.
II.
shall
4.
5.
4.
You
audiverunt.
veninius.
Venis,
6.
8.
Reperis
3.
We
2.
You
have heard, we
shall hear,
audiebat,
Audimus, audi-
we came.
come.
Auditne.''
found,
2.
we
6.
He
we
came,
FOURTH CONJUGATION
.\roikl Sentences
187.
Homines aestate
2.
75
et
summer and
toil in
luintcr.
Decern annis Caesar multa bella gessit, 'within ten years Caesar
many
carried on
luars.
Rule.
188.
1)1/
is
They
expressed
the ablative.
VOCABULARY
189.
aestas, aestatis,
annus,
-i,
f.
summer.
Vox, IQcis,
primus,
f.
f.
f.
light.
m. year.
secundus,
winter.
-a,
night.
-um, second.
tempus, temporis,
hour.
f.
-a, -Mva..Jirst.
n. ti?ne.
//;/(^/.
EXERCISES
190.
I.
I.
agitat.
2.
Aestale
somnus
est
fortibus
6.
Periculum
II.
2.
Who
of the
the city
a full
1
Roman
?
4.
moon.
people
3.
We
be
This
is
is
not in use.
if
it
76
LESSON XXIX
All
Conjugations
191.
of
all
Lesson XVI.
Paradigms
192,
Pluperfect
/ had
1.
2.
3.
/ had advised,
loved, etc.
etc.
amaveram
amaveramus
monueram
monueramus
amaveras
amaverat
amaveratis
monueras
monuerat
monueratis
amaverant
monuerant
Future Perfect
/ shall have 1
loved, etc.
etc.
amaverimus
monuero
monuerimus
1.
amavero
2.
amaveris
amaveritis
monueris
monueritis
3.
amaverit
amaverint
monuerit
monuerint
a.
is
amav-, monu-, by adding the imperfect of sum (502), and the future
There is an exception in one
perfect by adding the future of sum.
form.
b.
Which ?
Form in the same way
of the pluperfect
as those
above the
first
person singular
Inflect
sum on
the
499-502.
on the perfect
c. All verbs form the pluperfect and future perfect
stem
d.
in the
same way.
tolero,
bear; obsideo,
Review Vocabularies
1
etc.
193.
I.
I.
audiverant.
obsederas.
veneras,
5.
Dux
7.
Gesseram,
filium
laudaverat.
Inopia
cibi
14.
populo
Amaverant,
Gesseras,
6.
obsederam.
9.
virtute
virtute defenderant.
4.
toleraveram,
15.
Ceperat, audiverat,
2.
3.
monuerant, rexerant.
8.
77
11.
Galli
13.
Forti
in
Quo tempore
noctis arma
magnos praebuerit
forti
homini
12.
ceperis
labores.
16.
II.
will
I.
We
have held
come.
6.
have come.
shall
in check.
They
will
4.
2.
You had
They had
have defended.
found.
caused.
7.
5.
Whom
3.
He
They had
had he cared
for?
8.
comrades.
12.
11.
9.
Soon
10.
frightened the
Gauls.
REVIEW
194.
I.
Ans. had.
2.
always be used
amavit.
the
Roman
people "
6.
What
is
the Latin
way
of saying
78
LESSON XXX
Syntax of Names of Towns
Names
195.
form
at,
of
The
names
of
Declension
of towns
Plur.
Sing.
1st
on.
ift,
a.
Locative Case
JRomae,
-ae
-Is
Rome ;
at or in
LAthenis, at or in Athens.
r
2d Declension
r^
3d
^
b.
Corinthi, at or
-i(e)^
/;/
Corinth ;
1 Delphis, at
Declension
-Is
-i
Delphi.
/;/
Carthagini, at or z Carthap-ey
.,
-ibus
or
r
<^
Tralhbus,
,,.,
,,
"^
at or tn Tral/es.
war)
ruri,
in the country.
Models
196.
r
f
in oppido, in the
in Italia,
ift
town.
Capuae, at or in Capua.
Delphis, at or in Delphi.
domi, at ho7ne.
Italy.
I
[ riiri, /;/
{ad
ab, de,
ab, de,
ex
ex
fro7n Italy.
to
Athens.
R5mam, to Rome.
domum, home.
the country.
(Athenas,
rus, to
Athenis, />7?w
Athens
Roma, from Rome.
1 diOva.0,
(^
riire,
frof>i ho?ne.
NAMES OF
79
197.
1.
Place
2.
Place
where is
whither
of
is
preposition.
3.
whence
Place
is
sition.
VOCABULARY
198
Athenae, -arum,
Capua,
-ae,
Carthago,
f.
-inis,
Corinthus,
-i,
f.
plur.
Athens.
Capua.
f.
f.
f.
f rater, fratris,
m. brother.
Hannibal,
Carthage.
Corinth (47,
Poenus.
2).
Prima
I.
luce,
hieme, aestate.
Meus
frater
domi
videbamus.
8.
Tandem
ravit.
-i,
-alls,
plur.
m. Hannibal.
m. a Carthaginian.
down,
lie.
EXERCISES
199_
I.
Delphi.
Delphi, -orum,
9.
7.
3.
rijri
6.
2.
Riire
Romam
manebat.
5.
venire.
Romani
domi
ex Italia Carthaginem
communi
periculo
misit.
prope-
I.
See 165.
8o
LESSON XXXI
The Demonstratives
and
Hic
lUe:
Reading Lesson
Paradigms
200.
hic,
ille,
Singular
Nom.
hic
haec
hoc
ille
ilia
Gen.
huius
huius
huius
illius
illius
illius
Dat.
huic
huic
huic
illi
illi
illi
Ace.
hunc
hanc
hoc
ilium
illam
illud
AM.
hoc
hac
hoc
illo
ilia
illo
Nofn.
hi
hae
haec
illi
illae
ilia
Gen.
horum harum
horum
illorum
illarum
illorum
Dat.
his
his
his
illis
illis
illis
Ace.
hos
has
haec
illos
illas
ilia
Abl.
his
his
his
illis
illis
illis
illud
Plural
a.
Compare
the declension of
Model
20L
with that of
ille
is
(138).
Sentences
Hic puer est laetus, ilia puella est tristis, this boy is
is
2.
3.
sad.
est impiger, hic est piger,
ille
t lie
Brutns
pleasing
to the
Observe
in
in the
and the
first
and
in 2
and the
last part of 3
they
b.
but
ille
ILLE
meaning
less frequently,
//<?,
is,
means
the latter,
c.
BRITAIN INVADED
202.
In insula
ilia
(B.C.
pugnabant
Caesar ducebat.
cum eo
oppidaque
Hanc
magna cum vir-
111!
feliciter gerebat.
Tandem
cepit.
ex Britannia
Romam
Caesar
illius
agros vastavit
Britannus legatos ad
Hos
Caesarem
obsides
tristis
duxit.
VOCABULARY
203.
bis,
Britanni
111!
misit.
54)
tentabant.
bellum
AND
55
adv. twice.
Britannus,
feliciter,
m. a Briton.
-i,
laetus, -a,
adv. successfully.
imperium, imperi,
n.
obses, obsidis,
power,
rule.
tristis, -e,
m. hostage.
sad, gloomy.
EXERCISES
204.
3.
They
carried on
those tribes.
led
them from
5.
4.
(their)
home.
joyful, for
Caesar had
82
LESSON XXXII
Passive Voice
Ablative of Agent
Paradigms
205.
Active
I.
amo, /
love.
2.
a.msis,
3-
amat, he loves.
I.
amamus, we
2.
amatis,
_>/(??/
love.
3-
amant, they
love.
-o
amor, /
am
-s
amaris,
-re,
-t
amatur, he
loved.
-ris, -re
-tur
is loved.
-mur
-tis
-nt
-ntur
first
b.
you are
-r
-mua
love.
End.
loved.
Plural
Plural
a.
Pers.
Singular
End.
love.
you
Passive
Pers.
Singular
To
the stem
differ
ama-
-mini
(final
a dropped in
Compare
same way
in the
The
passive (497).
amaba- and amabi-, except in the second person singular of the future,
where -bi- is changed to -be-. What is true of amo in the present,
imperfect, and future holds true of moneo.
c.
the
Review the
amo
of
(497)
same tenses
laudo,
praise; and
like
moneo
EXERCISES
206.
I.
PASSIVE VOICE
amamur.
Moned,
9.
II. Monebo, monebor.
nionebimini.
II.
teach,
teach,
shall
taught.
8.
am
You
3.
taught.
we
You
teach,
7.
will
Ager ab agricola
is,
you
will
be praised.
we are taught. 6.
They teach, they
We
are
be taught.
monebar.
Monebitis,
13.
Sente?ices
1.
2.
in
in
the passive;
expressed
is
Rule.
The personal agent with a passive verb
expressed by the ablative with a or ah.
208.
is
you
Model
agrum
Agricola
in
We
5.
will teach,
2.
will praise,
be taught.
shall
207.
a.
12.
praise,
Monebam,
10.
Mones, moneris.
Monetis, monemini.
14.
Vou
I.
moneor.
83
Note.
is
is
omitted.
EXERCISES
209.
Meus
I.
frater
5.
Haec
tur.
7.
6.
Hi obsides
vastabitur.
II.
will
I.
8.
Who
be held
in
Romam
ilia tristis
feliciter
invaserunt Romani.
a Caesare portabuntur
Marcus domi
4.
eorum
patria
iacet aeger.
My
2.
3.
This merry
girl
was
84
LESSON XXXIII
The Relative
Qui
Paradigm
210.
which, what,
qui, ivho,
tliat
Plural
Singular
Norn. qui
quae
quod
qui
quae
quae
Gen.
cuius
cuius
cuius
quorum
quarum
quorum
Dat.
cui
cui
cui
quibus
quibus
quibus
Ace.
quem
quam
quos
quas
quae
Abl.
quo
qua
quod
quo
quibus
quibus
quibus
211.
Note.
Nom.
Gen.
Dat.
Ace.
Abl.
a.
by, etc.,
Compare
Model
212.
.
In what
to gender.
Sentences
whom we
praised
were good.
2.
Consilium quod
gives
3.
Homo
is
homo
there are')
4.
ille
which that
man
praised.
many
oars
is
he
man who
sailor.
who
is
brave
is
praised.
has
{to
whom
a.
its
may be
85
as
different.
the antecedents are in the nominative, while the relatives are (i and 2)
in the accusative, (3) in the dative, (4) in the nominative.
Observe that
b.
is
in
means
otie,
man ;
this is a
common
use of
is
213. Rule.
A relative pronoun agrees with its anteeedent in gender and Jiumber, but its case depends
upon its relation to some word in its own clause.
VOCABULARY
214.
captivus.
-i,
gaudium, gaudi,
m. prisoner, captive.
n.
Joy.
mater, matris,
adv. in vain.
f.
mother.
EXERCISES
215.
I.
I.
Romani.
Romani.
servabatur
2.
3.
homines quorum
li
domum
gaudium quarum
est
ille
e bello venient.
filius
tuus habet.
5.
Ingens
fuit
venerunt.
7.
feminarum
6.
Laetus
Consilia quae
illi
II.
4.
is
The man
to
a prisoner at
was wounded
whom
Capua,
will
The
prisoner by
whom
this soldier
86
LESSON XXXIV
Active and Passive of Reg5 and Capio
216.
a.
and future, and learn the passive of the same tenses (499, 500).
Observe that to form the passive you have only to substitute
fect,
b.
the passive personal endings (205) for the active except in one form.
Which one
is
and what
that,
Regit, regitur.
I.
tur.
2.
regeris.
7.
regimur.
Regitis,
10.
capietur.
15.
Capis, caperis.
17.
capimur.
13.
Capient,
18.
3.
Reget, rege-
Regent, regentur.
5.
Regebas, regebaris.
Capiunt, capiuntur.
12.
Regebat, regebatur.
Regunt, reguntur.
4.
mus,
the change
EXERCISES
217.
I.
is
8.
regimini.
11.
16.
regar.
14. Capiet,
Capies,
Capiebas, capiebaris.
Regi-
9.
Regam,
Capiebat, capiebatur.
capientur.
Regis,
6.
Reges, regeris.
19.
capieris.
Capimus,
Capitis, capimini.
20.
Like rego inflect in both voices the same tenses of duco, lead;
a.
mitto,
send;
scribo, write.
Like capio
b.
inflect in
iacio,
throw j
recipi5, receive.
II.
led.
5.
I.
We
He
he
leads,
They
3.
is led.
2.
shall lead,
we
shall
be
led.
14.
Is
he sent
He
Who
will throw,
was received?
received.
17.
We
16.
Who
shall receive,
will
you
15.
receive?
will
Who
receives?
They
will
be received.
be
87
VOCABULARY
218.
castra, -orum, n. plur.
c5nsul, consulis,
exsul, exsulis,
camp.
m. consul.
m.
ira, -ae, f.
anger, wrath.
pax, pacts,
exile.
peace.
away.
EXERCISES
219.
I.
tur legati.
6.
8.
3.
Iam ad consulem
4.
2.
Ex-
mitten-
irae plenus.
9.
5.
vidit.
7.
Non iam
'
fuit
imperator
Non
iam, no longer.
Ancient Plough
Nudus
V^ergil
88
LESSON XXXV
Personal and Reflexive Pronouns
220.
a.
meanings
b.
is
2.
3.
when not
and sometimes by
is,
Model
221.
1.
their
(492).
hie or
reflexive,
ille.
Sentences
ourselves.
4. Filius
mecum domi
manet,
my
son stays at
Observe that verbs have been used already many times in the
and second persons without the subjects ego, tu, nos, vos being
They are used only for emphasis or contrast.
expressed (61, a).
a.
first
The
b.
in
which
it
reflexive
stands, as in 2 above
se refers to homines.
of the
in 3
first
above
pronouns
tive
quibuscum, with
Model
222.
1
2.
Ego qui
Tu
scribo
sum
qui scribis es
whom.
Sentcfices
tuus amicus,
/ who
write
am your friend.
my friend.
in the
same person
as the antecedent.
223.
culpa, -ae,
f.
epistula, -ae,
galea, -ae,
f.
blame, fault.
f.
letter.
helmet.
numquam,
adv. never.
sine, prep,
vita, -ae,
f.
life.
EXERCISES
224.
I.
et
Ad
I.
vicit
3.
castra
consulis veniam.
abducuntur.
5.
Puella se culpat.
2.
4.
Captivi recipiuntur
6.
Liberos nostros
1.
Vos
We who
I.
praise you
3.
Helmets
90
LESSON XXXVI
Active and Passive of Audio
225.
a.
Reading Lesson
and
future,
b.
add
to
to
the stem the passive personal endings (205) in place of the active.
Compare
216,
b.
EXERCISES
226.
I.
I.
Audit, auditur.
audietur.
6.
Audiam, audiar.
mini.
unt, audiuntur.
a.
audimur.
12.
Like audio
10.
8.
Audiet,
3.
Audiemus,
5.
Auditis, audimini.
7.
Audis, audiris.
g.
Audiebat, audiebatur.
2.
Audimus,
4.
audiemur.
Audietis, audie-
Audiebam, audiebar.
11.
Audi-
Audiebant, audiebantur.
inflect in the
same tenses
punio,
punish;
reperio,
Jind.
II.
I.
punished.
punish,
3.
am
shall
He
be found.
9.
7.
He
You
2.
shall
They
5.
finds, is found.
find, will
punished.
punish,
be punished.
4.
They
be punished.
8.
be found.
He
will
10.
You
Review Vocabularies
218, 223.
227.
Romani
lano,
exsule
Romano, concitabantur
Nam
et
Volsci a Corio-
ducebantur.
lam
aedificia
91
ingenti
quia
ilia
Sic
Roma
vicisti
meam
VOCABULARY
228.
building.
aedlficium,
-i,
n.
Coriolanus,
-i,
m. Coriolanus.
sic,
iram
servabatur.
Veturia, -ae,
f.
Volsci, -5rum,
adv. thus.
Veturia.
m. plur. Volscians.
Patriae,
fili,
wipe
bellum Infers
out.
92
LESSON XXXVII
Possessive Adjectives
The
229.
possessive
Ablative of Separation
adjectives
are
-a,
-um
(own),
its (own'),
(own), her
(own)
your, yours.
is
used
when
Model
230.
Sentences
Marcum
1.
Puer amico librum suum dat, the boy gives his book to a friend.
Observe that
in
the genitives of
is
is,
may
hence
Model
231.
man
Hic
homo
2.
II16
me
3.
liberat periculo,
Romans
is,
refers
back
This distinction
and
its
much
5.
Sentences
lacks food.
offfrom their
1
it is
and where
it
emphasis.
reflexive, that
b.
the
is
the genitives of
1.
suum does
Suus
his care.
is
to
one, vester.
I.
a.
your, yours.
Note.
more than
their
That
lands.
is,
the Germans'.
Germans kept
the
ABLATIVE OF SEPARATION
Observe the use of the ablative
a.
there
93
to
is
The
and
is
Words
Rule.
232.
The
called
(i 58,
is
59)
is
lacking.
what? of what?
ablative of place
of the
same
nature.
VOCABULARY
233.
avaras,
Germanus,
-gram, sick.
aeger, -gra.
defensor, -oris,
-i,
pecunia, -ae,
-um, greedy.
-a,
vacuus,
m. defender.
keep
-a,
m. a German.
f.
money.
of.
off.
want of
lack.
KoTE.
A preposition
is
EXERCISES
234.
I.
Germani
I.
4.
terrore.
aras
plunder.
Statim
vir aeger
9.
2.
Aedi-
concitabantur.
7.
Avari milites
defens5ribus
vacuam
10. Ille
spoliaverunt
reppererunt.
hostes
3.
donis.
8.
Urbem
aqua privabatur.
I.
lacks grain
6.
You
will free us
from
care.
94
LESSON XXXVIII
PASSIVE VOICE ALL CONJUGATIONS
Indicative Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect
235.
tion
a.
the forma-
Observe that
it
is
amatus.
Note.
and plural
The participle
is
b.
Now
c.
The
What do you
verbs
discover?
in
the
and audio,
same way
tenses.
EXERCISES
236.
I.
all
are
same way.
How
perfect.
I.
Vir amatus
est,
femina amata
est,
bellum amatum
est.
amata sunt.
3. Milites moniti erant, puer monitus erit, animal monitum
est.
4. Agricola rectus est, urbs recta est, oppidum rectum est.
2.
5.
II.
8.
I.
237.
antiquus,
-a,
f.
f.
mora,
citadel.
2.
Multa
Omnes
in
Italia
oppida
delay.
verbum,
n.
4.
Eo tempore urbs
erant.
-i,
word.
3.
aedificata
Tua verba
Aurum quod
habitum
sunt
friimento
me
6.
Copiae
caruerunt.
est antiquo.
8.
Ad
te sine
mora scrlbam.
sunt.
f.
Romanis
audita erunt.
5.
-ae,
sine, prep,
EXERCISES
238.
I.
95
spoliata erant.
9.
In arce
fuit ingens.
96
LESSON XXXIX
REVIEW: READING LESSON
239.
I
Give four locative forms, not names of towns, with their mean-
ings.
the
town,
2.
first
three declensions.
How
3.
do you say
in Latin
to the
Rome?
5.
to
is
plural, of
(i) in the
Rome, from
the Latin for
and passive personal endings for the first three tenses. 6. Give the
7. Point
passive future second person singular of amo and moneo.
out five examples of the ablative of agent in 227. 8. In what respects
must the
its
antecedent?
Express
in
Latin
its
9.
In 215,
I.
point
11.
What do
\}(\t
the
person of
the antecedent?
SCIPIO
240.
AND HANNIBAL
See 179, note.
Ille erat
Hannibal erant clari imperatores.
magnas reportavit hie Poenus qui
Hannibal puer ^ ad aras a
multis pugnis vicit.
Scipio
et
Romanus
Romanos
patre
oppida
qui victorias
adductus
in
superavit*
odium
Hispania
in
iuravit
''
Romanos.
Adulescens
Romanesque saepe
vicit
in
Italia.
montis
Scipio
ad
when a
boy-
" led.
se fortem praebuit.
against.
passed over.
near.
h'I-:i7Eir:
Bellum
Africam est transportatuin Ibique Scipio HanniZaniam superavit. Magnificum triumphum Romae
et a
populo
Romano
VOCABULARY
241.
mons,
odium,
ibi,
-a,
(monti-), m. iiiountain.
-tis
odi, n.
hatred.
adv. there.
magnificus,
97
ill
haleni ad
habuit
READING LESSON
-um, splendid.
pugna,
to.
swear, take
ati oath.
LESSON XL
FOURTH DECLENSION
The Stem ends
in
Paradigms
242.
gradus,
rri.
step
Stemsi: gradu-
horn
cornu, n.
cornu-
Terminations
SlNGULAR
Norn.
gradus
Masc.
cornu
-us
Neut.
-a
Gen.
gradus
cornus
-us
-us
Dat.
gradui (-u)
cornu
-ui(-ii)
-u
Ace.
gradum
cornu
-um
-u
Abl.
gradu
cornu
-u
-ii
Norn.
gradus
cornua
-us
-ua
Gen.
graduum
cornuum
-uum
-uum
Plural
Dat.
gradibus
cornibus
Ace.
gradus
cornua
-us
Abl.
gradibus
cornibus
a.
-ua
in -ubus.
243.
Rule of Gender.
Mouns of the fourth declension in -us are masculine ; those in -u are neuter.
Note.
a.
Domus, house,
Idiis,
2.
are feminine.
b.
Domi
is
used only as a
FOURTH DECLENSION
Decline exercitus magnus, large
c.
99
VOCABULARY
244.
adventus, -us. m. coming.
altus, -a,
-um,
frons, frondis,
f.
lacus, -us,
manus,
the state.
an army),
domus,
-us,
f.
exercitus, -us,
f.
leaf, foliage.
m. lake.
-us,
hand.
f.
ornamentum,
-i,
ornament.
n.
house, home.
palus, paludis,
f.
m. army.
quercus, -us,
oak
f.
marsh.
tree.
EXERCISES
245.
Inter
I.
I.
2.
make.
Adventus
audimus.
cantus non iam' audiuntur.
4. Hieme
Aves in lacubus paliidibusque se congregant.
6. Pueri
avium domos altis in quercubus reperiunt. 7. Quercus frons
antiquis temporibus erat victoris ornamentum.
8. Salus
civitatis in manibus consulum erat.
9. Consules erant exer-
gaudio
5.
cituum imperatores.
II.
I.
Many
2.
Many
the
by
us,
See foot-note,
2 Is this
8
Is this
word
word
p. 87.
to
.''
See 230,
.'
i.
LESSON XLI
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Ablative of Comparison
246.
Models
247.
Comparative
Positive
Superlative
altior, altius
altissimus,
brevior, brevius
brevissimus,
audacior, audacius
aud acissimus,
a.
is
-a,
-um
-um
-a,
by dropping the stem vowel and adding -lor for the masculine
and feminine and -ius for the neuter
the superlative by adding
positive
Decle7ision of a
248.
Comparative
Plural
Singular
M. &
Notn.
altior
M. &
N.
F.
altius
N.
F.
altiores
altiora
Gen.
altioris
altioris
altiorum
altiorum
Dat.
altiori
altiorl
altioribus
altioribus
Ace.
altiorem
altius
altiores, -Is
altiora
Abl.
altiore,
altiore,
altioribus
altioribus
a.
Compare
denti-),
-i
2.
-i
Model
249.
.
'
Pinus
altior est
quam
quercus,
(prii-
like altior.
Sentefices
]
COMPARISON OF ADJECTVllS
IDI
a.
mean-
oi
ing, altior
Rule.
250.
The
ablatire jcheii
comparative
quam
(than)
-e,
leo, leonis,
nix, nivis,
short, brief.
m. and
canis, canis,
elephantus,
-i,
pinus,
dog.
f.
iter, itineris, n.
Quod
brevius est
iter
illo
congregaverunt.
3.
4.
brevius est
f.
life.
quam
illud
2.
vita.
exercitus
iacet
lacus.
Quod iter
magnam se
5.
Patria
6.
10.
Montes
altissimi
I.
My
hand
is
9.
aestate
than lions.
5.
tree.
nive
sunt
albi.
is
pine
loa]. than.
vita, -ae,
fidclior
1.
i.
lion.
snow.
EXERCISES
I.
I.
m.
f.
(abl. pinu),
-i
quam,
252.
7.
the
m. elephant.
faithful, trusty.
fidelis. -Q.
est
by
VOCABULARY
251.
albus, -a, -um, white.
brevis,
is followed
omitted.
is
4.
3.
2.
The elephant
6.
taller
8. Why
7. That man took^ steps longer than mine.was I deprived of my money ? 9. The foliage of the oak is
most dear to me.
pines.
.-^IRST
YEAR LATIN
LESSON XLII
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Continued
Partitive Genitive
Models
253.
Superlative
Comparative
Positive
miser (misero-), wretched
miserior, miserius
miserrimus,
acrior, acrius
acerrimus,
a.
-um
adjectives in -er
is
-a,
-a,
is
-um
-um
formed
to the positive.
The
254.
is
-lis
Commit
-um.
final
these to
vowel
memory
Positive
facilis, -e,
easy
difficilis, -e,
hard
Superlative
Comparative
difficillimus, -a,
difficilior, -ius
similior, -ius
dissimilior. -ius
humilis,
-e,
gracilis, -e,
low
humilior, -ius
slender
gracilior, -ius
Model
255.
-um
-um
simillimus, -a, -um
dissimillimus, -a, -um
humillimus, -a, -um
gracillimus, -a, -um
facillimus, -a,
facilior, -ius
Setitetices
2.
is
rather (or
too')
rough.
very rough.
is
PARTITIVE GEMTIVE
Model
256.
1
amy
in
tliaii
2.
many of the
wounded.
soldiers were
Such a
it
which a part
taken,
is
Sometimes
tive genitive
tibus,
iliat
which
b.
tu,
yon.
3.
a.
03
Sentences
quam
habet
Ille
is
called
2i
genitive, of
partitive genitive.
quinque ex mili-
257. Rule.
The partitive genitive
a whole of ichich a part is taJcen.
angustus,
-a,
-a,
lingua, -ae,
denote
tongue, language.
shore.
f.
part.
EXERCISES
Multum
luce partem
viarum
f.
litus, litoris, n.
-um, Latin.
259.
I.
to
-um, narrow.
I.
used
VOCABULARY
258.
aer. aeris
Latinus,
is
ilia
itineris est
hostium vidimus
fuit brevissima.
in
4.
monte.
3.
2.
Prima
Omnium
urbis
I.
Your
faithful
8.
Eius
dog
is
finis
vitae
non
fuit felix.
2.
3.
Snow
My
lies
sword
rather long.
money.
5.
.'
I04
LESSON
XLIII
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
C<7^/^a'
Commit
:
-a,
magnus,
malus,
-a,
-a,
multus,
-um,
good
-um, great
-um,
multi, -ae,
-a,
bad
Superlative
-um
-um
pessimus, -a, -um
plurimus, -a, -um
melior, melius
optimus,
maior, maius
maximus,
peior, peius
-um, diucIi
-a,
memory
to
Comparative
Positive
bonus,
common
260.
plus
-a,
-a,
many
plures, plura
plurimi, -ae, -a
parvus,
-a,
-um, small
mmor, minus
minimus,
iuvenis,
-&,
young
-a,
-um
minimus natii
maximus natu
vetustior, -ius
veteirimus,
261.
plural, fnore,
M. &. F.
N.
F.
-um
several.
Plural
S INGULAR
M. &
many,
-a,
N.
Nam.
plus
plures
plura
Gen.
pluris
pluiium
plurium
pluribus
pluribus
pluris, -es
plura
pluribus
pluribus
Dat.
Ace.
plus
Abl.
pliire
See 489.
in the vocabularies.
ABLATIVE OF DEGREE
Model
263.
1.
Luna
est
105
Sentences
terra, the
moon
is
the earth.
2.
Observe that the ablatives multo and pede answer the question
how much
{by)
filio,
They denote
objects compared.
264.
Degree of difference
Rule.
is
expressed hy the
(thJatii-e.
VOCABULARY
265.
orator, -oris,
m. Cicero.
pigritia, -ae,
Cicero, -onis,
m. citizen.
pliis, pluris,
below (489).
Pompeius,
m. orator.
f.
laziness.
more.
-1.
m. Potnpey.
mendacium,
-1,
sex,
natii (abl.),
m. by birth, in age.
opera, -ae,
n. lying,
falsehood.
work.
f.
-a,
(489)-
EXERCISES
266.
I.
num.
superus,
I.
Aliquid
{sotnet/iing)
2.
Caesar sex
paliidem video.
II.
I.
Pompey was six years older than Caesar. 2. Cicero
was the most famous of Roman orators. 3. The greatest
orators are sometimes the worst citizens. 4. But Cicero saved
Rome by
6.
Lying
5.
What
laziness.
is
.'
[o6
LESSON XLIV
COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
Models
267.
Comparative
Superlative
carius
carissime
miserius
miserrime
acrius
acerrime
facilius
facillime
melius
optime
peius
pessime
multum (from
plus
plurimum
Positive
facile
mixltus), 7nuch
a.
adverbs are derived and learn the comparison of the adverbs and
their meanings.
b.
one exception,
changing
c.
Compare
similis, like;
feliciter,
Commit
to
successfully ;
memory
libere,
meaning
the
liber,
freely;
freej
breviter,
similiter, similarly.
of these adverbs.
EXERCISES
268.
I.
Parentes liberos
dant optima.
3.
Pro
eis
maxime amant.
laborant
quam
lucky j
felix,
briefly J
I.
is
7.
8.
urbes centumqae
vias.
5.
Turn
6.
2.
in illam silvam
consilia
4.
Mox
amplam
Eis
diligentissime.
quam
f rater
COMPAR/SOX OF ADVERBS
parva.
peius
10.
pigritia."
11.
est
107
Mendacium
est
pessimum
pigritia
vitiuin.
I.
Caesar.
2.
VOCABULARY
269.
amplus,
-a,
arbor, -oris,
from
parens, parentis, m.
tree.
pro, prep,
diu(diutius.diutissime),adv. /^^.
dubium, dubi,
n.
gramen.
r\..
-inis,
with abl./<7r,
doubt.
grass.
vitium,
vitT, w.
here.
and
f.
parent.
behalf of.
07i
fault.
wander., err.
be green.
CONVERSATION
270,
Cur
manes
QfTia hic {Jierc) aera lenissimare est pulcherrimum.
2. Dii:me manebis hoc in loco angusto ?
Non diu mox in
urbem ambulabo, ibique diutissime manebo.
Pars viae est asperior,
3. Viane in urbem est asperrima
1.
mum
in
repperi
hoc
litore
.'
hic
.'
pars facillima.
Proximo (fast')
4. Quando (^vhen') in banc terram venisti ?
anno de Germania demigravi cum parentibus.
Capite altior.
5. Quanto (fiow miicK) altior es fratre }
io8
View of Napl
LESSON XLV
Reading Lesson
bene
Si tu vales,
te laetus scribo.
hiemavi.
Review
271.
ad
est
Dum
272.
Nam
1.
IO9
Italia
Monies
altissim!
nive implentur.
2.
Nonne semper
3.
Ubi
quam
caelum
ridet.
Italia.
Num
4.
ridet
Tiberis et Padus
sunt longiores.
5.
Pulcherrimae Europae
sunt urbes.
VOCABULARY
273.
the answer
7\.di'^.face to face.
raro, adv.
adv. almost.
fere,
adv. here.
hie,
medicus,
-i,
conj.
si,
m. doctor, physician.
Suggests
710.
7iot
-um, situated.
situs, -a,
Suggests
seldom.
if.
whole (312).
vale,
farewell.
REVIEW
274.
I
well ;
and senex.
4.
Compare
acer
3.
Give
2.
How
and asper
do
also
make
adjectives?
7.
Express
6.
Compare
in Latin six
pulchre, beautifully,
of the oak
trees j
and
acriter,
eagerly.
LESSON XLVI
FIFTH DECLENSION
in e
Accusative of Extent
Paradigms
275.
dies,
m. day
res,
Stems :dieSing.
f.
ihvtg
re-
Plur.
Sing.
Terminations
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Nom.
dies
dies
res
res
-es
-es
Gen.
diel
dierum
rei
rerum
-li
-erum
Dat.
diei
diebus
rei
rebus
-ll
-ebus
Ace.
diem
dies
rem
res
-em
-es
Abl
die
diebus
re
rebus
-e
-ebus
a.
Only
dies
and
res
few other
plural.
Model
277.
1.
Sentences
oppiignabatur,
years.
2.
a.
The
278.
tower
is
a hundredfeet high.
extent of space.
how far?
tJie
in time or space,
Rule.
Extent
hy the accusative.
of time or space
is
expressed
FIFTH DECLENSION
VOCABULARY
279.
acies, -ei,
m. day.
fides, -ei,
planities,
m. a Gaul.
-i,
plain.
-ei, f.
trust, confidence.
f.
e).
thousand (of)
passuum,
mille
of battle.
line
f.
Gallus,
III
thousand (304).
spes,
-ei, f.
go
event, fact.
hope.
off,
depart.
draw
up, tnarshall.
EXERCISES
280.
I.
I.
summo
Caesar castra
in
in
in
summo
monte
sunt.
Inter hunc
4.
3.
posuit.
2.
montem
et illam plani-
5.
impetum non
habuerunt.
Postero die
9.
loco discesserunt.
II.
I.
sengers.
not
many
fecerunt.
10.
Tum
Castra
Eius
Sed
Nam
His
miles
too,
soldiers,
away from
(ab) their
See 305,
e.
See 229.
in his soldiers
112
LESSON XLVII
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
Purpose Clauses with ut and ne
Paradigms
281.
2.
3.
amem
am emus
1.
amer
amemur
ames
amet
ametis
2.
ameris, -re
ament
3.
ametur
amemini
amentur
Subjunctive Pi-esent
282.
Active
-as.
reg
-amus.
-at.
-ant
}-
capi
Passive
I
^"^i
J
a.
-ar,
-amini,
-antur
Sentences
may fight,
-amur.
-atur,
Model
283.
1
-aris (-re),
may
arm
to fight.
Pueri laborant ne culpentur, the boys ivork that they j/iay not be
blamed,
a.
lest they be
may
blamed.
\\-\t.
purpose of the
and ne
negative clauses.
{that
be used
to express purpose.
284.
lie
The
subjunctive
is
II3
to cxpi-css purpose.
VOCABULARY ^REVIEW)
285.
make,
do.
EXERCISES
286.
Mittitur ut
I.
-^
ornet,
moneat,
5rnetur,
(jrnent,
Eos mittimus
ut-^
capiat,
regat,
moneant,
capiant,
regant,
3.
^
Te moneo
ut
moneas,
ames,
capias,
audias,
regas,
^
^.
,.
ameris, monearis, regaris, capiaris, audiaris.
!
Eum monemus
II.
I.
do, find.
They
He is sent
He will
2.
do, find.
4.
ne miles
3.
You
sit,
in order that
led, taken,
found.
do, find.
7.
he
may fight,
may
destroy, write,
destroy, write,
taken, punished.
5.
5.
6.
He
may
We
114
LESSON XLVIII
THE SUBJUNCTIVE ^OOH Continued
Purpose Clauses
Conthmed
Result Clauses
Paradigm
287.
Subjunctive Imperfect
am are
'Active
monere
-m,
regere
capere
audire
esse
-t
-s.
Passive
Alodel Sentences
288.
1
might fight,
2.
might not
Compare
be destroyed.
The
sub-
junctive present follows the indicative present, the subjunctive imperfect follows the indicative imperfect or perfect.
Model
289.
1.
Iter
tam longum
So
also in 289.
Sentences
long that
fuit ut a
Jiot
introducing- affirmative
was
so
SL'BJUXCriVE
77/ A"
The
Rule.
290.
n~>n
lit
II5
and
result.
c.v })!'(' ss
til
MOOD
VOCABULARY
291.
c5nsul. consulis, m. consul.
epistula, -ae,
f.
letter.
ita,
tam, adv.
so, so very.
happen.
Z'?^/ upon.,
EXERCISES
292.
Accidit (pres.) ut
I.
I.
tur.
2.
reciperet.
ut
know.
lii'e.
ab omnibus amaretur.
caperetur.
Urbs
6.
non caperetur.
Urbs deleta
4.
Puer
ita egit
est ne ab hostibus
10.
,in
silvas fugerunt
Hostes
8.
non viderentur.
essent carissimi.
5.
Hoste
7.
militibus viderentur.
militibus
3.
9.
in silvas
ne a
dies
nostris
fugerunt ut a nostris
Caesar tantam
{so great)
fidem militibus^
led,
It
r.
happened that
I seat, he was sent, they were
2.
It happens that he does not
punish,
they wrote.
3.
They were
Rome.
things (omnia)
camp
in
that the
6.
7.
Who
The
flee.
of us
is
5.
4.
was sent
so wise as to
They
to carry
know
all
enemy
fled.
8.
It
happened
Compare
2S0, II.
3,
and note.
Il6
LESSON XLIX
Indirect Question
Paradigm
293.
amav
monu
rex
Sequence of Tenses
-erim,
-erimus,
-erit
-eris,
-eritis,
-erint
*^^P
j
fu
a.
Make
and pluperfect
(497-502).
Model
294.
Sentences
Indirect Question
Direct Question
I.
2.
Audit ubi
sint,
he hears where
they are.
a.
in
rogative
295.
word
(ubi)
The
Rule.
an
verb of
i.
indirect question is in
the subjunctive.
Model of Sequence
296.
Principat Tenses
1
Audit, he hears
2.
3.
Audiverit, he will
1.
Audiebat, he
2.
Audivit, he
I.
A.}x^\yQX3ii,
V ubi fueriat,
have heard J
have
or
been.
Historical Tenses
was hearing
heard
he
had heard
^
)-
^^^.
had been.
SEQUENCE OE TENSES
17
a.
future,
297. Rule.
vi principal tense is followed by the
subjunctive present or perfect; an historical tense by
the subjunctive imperfect or pluperfect.
Occasionally the perfect (classed as an historical tense) mean-
a.
is
VOCABULARY
298.
cur,
adv.
why?
qu5, adv.
quot, adv.
ubi, adv.
how many?
where ?
unde, adv. whence?
(in indirect
See 273.
questions).
whither?
EXERCISES
299.
I.
know.
I.
quid egissent.
2.
riserint.
4.
5.
3.
Audi-
2. Some
They are so lazy that
they do not work.
5. I
4. He asked me why I had come.
had heard where he had been. 6. The general asked whether
they had all come from home.
7. How many soldiers are
coming ? 8. Do you know how many soldiers are coming
II.
came
I.
to
Tell
see,
me where you
others to be seen.
3.
Il8
LESSON L
READING LESSON
'
:
REVIEW
300.
flumen
fecit. ^
Quae
nostris
summo
in colle videbatur.
nota
res hostibus
est,
quorum peditatus
iuvarent, et militum
" Milites, omnis rei publicae spes in nostra virtute posita est.
Audaces fortuna iuvat. Fortibus erit victoria." Hostes tarn
acriter in nostram aciem impetum fecerunt ut hi paululum
Brevi autem tempore hostes ita superati
{a little) cederent.
Romam
et
est.
VOCABULARY
301.
animus,
missus
-i,
m.
autem, 3 conj.
Jtiind.,
bjit.
equitatus,
spirit.
-iis,
m.
commonwealth,
hill.
m. cavalry.
{of battle).
f.
republic,
state.
give way,
retire.
draw
out,
draw.
EXERCISES
302.
I.
line of battle
Supply
est.
Never
on a
3-
hill.
2.
'I'here
In order to rouse
first in
a sentence.
will
be yours."
4.
" Wo.
"The
(^este;
II9
bold, soldiers,
REVIEW
303.
I.
2.
Wliat case
t/ijj's
4.
used
3.
so as to illustrate purpose.
5.
"The
tive.
Can you do
In English
so in
I.
6.
What mood
Latin?
8.
How
the
infini-
9.
many ways
in 280,
declension.
fifth
in
ut audiat in as
as
venit.
into an
indirect question.
13.
14.
is
Show from
in a result
translated.
.\
KoiMAN Coin
I20
LESSON
LI
NUMERALS
Descriptive Ablative and Genitive
304
Piiradigms
MASC.
Nom.
NEUT.
FEM.
unus
una
M.
&
NEUT.
F.
unum
tres
tria
Gen.
unius
unius
unius
trium
trium
Dat.
uni
uni
uni
tribus
tribus
Ace.
unum
unam
unum
tris,
Abl.
uno
una
uno
tribus
Nom.
duo
Gen.
Dat.
MASC.
Ace.
Abl.
NEUT.
FEM.
tres
tria
tribus
PLUR.
SING.
duae
duo
mllle
duorum
duarum
duorum
mille
milium
duobus
duos, duo
duobus
duabus
duobus
duo
duobus
mlUe
milibus
mllle
mllia
mllle
milibus
duas
duabus
milia
305.
Compare
b.
Observe that
e.
The
men;
d.
or as a neuter noun
is
indeclinable and
numbers
a noun
it
is
e.
As
(200).
only.
ille
used as an adjective
it
is
a noun
f. In viginti iinus, viginti duo, centum Snus, and similar cases, the
centum trium pugnarum, of
declinable numeral retains its inflection
:
NUMERALS
Model
306.
1
2.
...
,.,
Observe that
a.
Sentences
"]
-^
in
he
Rule.
307.
used with an
is
These sentences,
may
thing.
EXERCISES
308.
-I.
I.
3.
Viri
summa
ginta
epistulae.
Gives unius
7.
Omnis
Tria
6.
Urbs
2,
duobus
4.
flumina
portubus.
5.
Duodetri-
pedes
septuaginta
lata.
Cum
duabus manibus.
Decem milia passuum.
publicae.
rei
tribus agricolis.
II.
virtute.
10.
Gallia
8.
habuit.
partis
tris
est.
13.
12.
Frater
9.
meus
Pilum
14.
Romanum
fratrum Marcus
est
fuit
sint in
illis
castrls.
fuit
sex
maximus
pedes longum.
natu.
filius tuus.
18.
16.
17.
Mea
15.
filia
animo prudentissimo.
II.
I. These are children
Trium
tribus annis
vixit
fuit
were
ten
years old.
thousand
4.
of
soldiers.
The oak
is
one mother.
3.
2.
In that camp
Your daughter
a tree of
is
eleven
shore.
6.
7.
'
We
122
LESSON
NUMERALS
Lli
Continued
309.
ordinals
first
twenty-one
VOCABULARY
310.
Lord = A.D.
ante Christum natum, before the
birth of Christ
B.C.
-i,
m. February.
ingenium,
n.
-i,
i.
f.
Martius,
m. March.
mensis,
-i,
-is
nobilis, -,
Februarius,
legio, -onis,
genius.
(mensi-), m. tnonth.
of high
October, -bris,
September,
family.
legion.
birth, noble.
m. October.
-bris,
m. September.
f.
sister.
EXERCISES
311.
I.
2.
I.
Quinta
Primus
consul,
diei hora,
secundus
impetus,
tertia
legio.
3.
Ter-
Roman! anni
7.
fuit
octavus.
6.
.?
habuit.
8. Caesar
in dextro cornu decimam, in sinistro
sextam legionem conlocavit. 9. Scisne quot annos Romani
NUMERAJ.S
II.
I.
On
123
city.
2.
Brutus
is
I.
home
(for)
SUNGER
two days.
2, 2.
LiGHT-ArMKU SOLDIERS
3, 3.
LeGIONARY SoLDIERS
YEAR LATIN
FiJiST
124
LESSON
LIII
Reading Lesson
The
312.
and
in
-i
is
Commit them
regular.
memory
to
another
solus, -a,
{of two).
neither
{of two).
-um,
plural
-um, whole,
iillus, -a,
-um, any.
no one.
totus, -a,
iinus, iina,
uter, utra,
The
altera,
alter,
unum,
all.
one.
Commit
313.
alter
alius
alii
alius
memory
to
the one
alius,
one
alii,
some
another.
others.
.
another another.
EXERCISES
In altera fluminis ripa {bank) urbs, in altera erat
I.
nions.
2.
fuit.
314.
I.
alter,
6.
3.
Duorum hominum
4.
Decimae
5.
Nomen
alter
Caesare conlocata
II.
2.
I.
Which
of the (two)
'
READING LESSON
3.
will
5.
more
4.
.'
beautiful
.'
315.
Roma
duos homines
summo
Ille
victor fuit
orbi terrarum
quam
gaudium
Caesari,
nulli
Caesar
(sing.)
125
dedit.
Nulli
poetae plus
hie toti
quam
Vergilio
datum
est.
natum
decessit.
Vergilius
Neutrius
sempiterna.
.''
De
illis
hominibus
126
LESSON LIV
Infinitive used as in English
The
316.
Infijiitive
Pass. Pres.
Act. Pres.
etc.
Pass. Perf.
Act. Perf.
to be
to love,
'
Paradigms
have
to
to
have been
loved, etc.
loved, etc.
loved, etc.
amare
monere
a marl
moneri
amavisse
monuisse
amatus esse
II.
III.
regere
regi
rexisse
rectus esse
III.
capere
capi
cepisse
captus esse
IV.
audire
audiri
audlvisse
audltus esse
I.
Irreg.
a.
monitus esse
fuisse
esse
in
intini
Commit
to
memory
all
Model
317.
a.
Sentences
I.
1.
is
pleasant.
3.
4.
5.
Observe that
in
the infinitive
is
said
to be first.
to
to be
good.
the subject
is
in 2, 3,
and 4
it
318.
Rule
accivsative.
I.
The
THE
Rule
,/
2.
12/
iiijiiiitlre
ttivij
USED AS AV EAUIJSH
l.XFlXirn E
rrrh.
VOCABULARY
319.
dives, divitis, rich.
pensum,
periculum,
task.
n.
-i,
n.
-i,
praemium,
danger.
-i,
n.
reward.
EXERCISES
320.
Potest
I.
I.
iuvari, rogari.
3.
legere,
iubere,
iuvare.
punitum
Me
7.
6.
iri.
8.
putantur.
12.
13.
est?
16.
Dicun-
esse debuit.
15.
9.
impetum hostium
summo
ingenio fuisse
esse cupiunt.
liter
Qui pater
pensafacere debent.
fortis fuit ut
Vergilius et Caesar
tuum scriptum
4.
non cupit
II.
sustineret
5.
ornari iussit.
Possunt iuberi,
2.
maior
14.
Pensum
I.
to
diligently.
is
7.
to
Lord
14.
S.Augustus
128
LESSON LV
ACCUSATIVE AND INFINITIVE
Indirect Statement
Tu
Indirect Statement
Statement
321. Direct
Dicunt te scribere,
scribis,
yoii write,
a.
statement
scribis
b.
the nominative tu
becomes the
indicative
infinitive.
differ in indirect
324.
Rule.
was
Rule.
The
perfect
it
depends.
he has written.
325.
writing.
written.
denotes
depends.
infinitive
which
it
would write.
time
The
Rule.
326.
(tftci'
future
it
29
time
denotes
depends.
infinitive
VOCABULARY
327.
arbor, arboris,
divitiae,
-arum,
tree.
f.
f.
know.
break up.
EXERCISES
328.
I.
I.
Ver adest
Omnes
3.
multae aves.
tegitur.
in arbo-
6.
tegi.
Scimus mox
agricolis
mox aratum
futuras esse.
12.
iri
10.
arboribus
in
9.
11.
.''
5.
7.
Videmus ver
Mox
ribus cantabunt
2.
iis
benign5s
futijros esse.
II.
not
I.
know
At
last
cold winter
4.
of
of
Who knows
is
is
here again.
here at last
You can
5.
be kind to them.
be singing.
will
will
does
Soon no birds
Who
2.
3.
We
9.
.''
7.
think
Many
many
The farmers
30
LESSON LVI
The Demonstratives
Paradigms
329.
idem,
""
same
ipse,
-selj
Singular
Nom
Gen.
Dat.
Ace.
Abl.
ipsum
Idem
eiusdem
eidem
e'adem
idem
ipse
ipsa
eiusdem
eiusdem
ipslus
ipsius
ipslus
eldem
eldem
ipsi
ipsI
ipsI
eundem
e5dem
eandem
eadem
idem
ipsum
ipsam
ipsum
eodem
ipso
ipsa
ipso
eaedem
e'adem
ipsI
ipsae
ipsa
Plural
'
Nom.
ildem
^eldem
ipsorum ipsarum ipsorum
Gen.
iisdem
iisdem
iisdem
eisdem
eisdem
eisdem
eosdem
easdem
e'adem
iisdem
iisdem
iisdem
Dat.
Ace.
C
Abl.
1 eisdem
330.
b.
a.
ipsis
ipsIs
ipsos
ipsas
ipsa
ipsIs
ipsIs
ipsis
eisdem
eisdem
ipsis
is
of
is
declined like
is
with
d.
3.
4..
(200).
is
changed
to n.
(493).
Model
331.
2.
iste, tJiat
ille
animal.
Sentences
Eodem
die
amicum
Istam epistulam
vidi,
legi,
/lave
THE DEMONSTRAril'ES
Observe
a.
in
and
2 that
IDIOM,
idem and
ISIK
I1\SK,
131
used as demonstra-
iste are
person, and
may
means
Ipse
c.
It is
size a
an adjective.
like
which
malus,
agrees
-self
se,
331, 3 and 4.
VOCABULARY
332.
oratio, -onis,
idem
Compare
is
it
-a.
same
-um, bad (260).
numquam,
qui,
speech, plea.
f.
stadium, studi,
as.
n. desire,
study.
adv. never.
voltus,
-iis,
m. face, looks.
EXERCISES
333,
I.
I.
In eodem periculo.
3.
tiae
civium ipsorum.
Post
canis,
ille
Hie orator
ipso praedicat
mei.
9.
Quis
I.
my
est
II.
video.
14.
The very
5.
Divi-
dieitur.
13.
Hie
8.
est
cibus
scribere iubet.
difficultatis.
eandem orationem.
7.
istius
10.
6.
Pensum eiusdem
2.
4.
De
11.
12.
istis
Is qui
de se
Hodie eadem
rebus
me ad
te
2.
Do you
father,
of yours.
132
LESSON
LVII
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
334.
a.
Review the
and the
meanings.
335.
Indefinite
Masc.
Fem.
Pronouns
Neut.
aliquis
aliqua
quidam
quaedam
quivis
quaevis
quodvis, quidvis,
quisque
quaeque
quisquam
Note.
a.
Observe how
aliqua,
which
is
singular and the neuter nominative plural of aliquis, differs from the
corresponding forms of quis.
b.
+ dam)
is
d.
In the neuter of
all
AFRICA
336.
Note.
for
new
Hereafter
in the
words.
In Africa, terra maxima, sunt multae gentes plurium linguarum, urbes autem sunt paucae. Scriptor quidam vetus
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
133
scripsit
figCiram spectabit,
est
De
transitur.^
Nili fontibus
fossa
quid-
quid novl
"^
ex Africa audimus.
Alius aliud
scribit
quae sint
Eheu
Agri
quam
from
certi,
anything at
'
reperio.
re vera, in fact.
aliquid novi,
something
He
certain
girl
Nobody
3.
See 313.
2.
anything
relates
have read a
at
new.
all
5.
part of
7.
REVIEW
Give with
meanings the nine adjectives that have the geniand the dative in -i. 2. Give five pronouns that
their
make
the genitive
in the
is
idem,
hie.
ipse.
iste,
What
ot
is,
6.
tlie
quid-
to Caesar.
338.
case
new.
^ reperti,
learned.
read to us by somebody.
I.
(of)
had
each summer we
come
transitur, is crossed.
That
4.
cognoverat,
EXERCISES
337.
I.
ille,
5.
nomi.ij.tive singular.
9.
What does
ipse
do
ablative.
by the
13.
Tell
what tune
infinitive in 328,
I.
12.
is
2, 9,
is
8.
in a sentence
ir.
7.
How
is
Express
10.
Give
in Latin in
denoted
11.
What
3.
4.
in declension
same way.
in respect to the
main verb
134
LESSON
LVIII
339.
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
am are,
mone, advise
monete
monere, be advised
amaminl
monemini
rege, rule
regite
regere, be ruled
regimini
cape, take
capite
capere, be taken
capimini
hear
audite
audire, be
heard
audimini
ama, love
am ate
audi,
be loved
este
es, be
Read
a.
Review
the subjunc-
Subjunctive
340.
Affirmative
amem,
ama,
let
me
Negative
love.
ne
love.
amet,
let
amemus,
him
let
ne amet,
love.
us love.
a.
used
let
Observe
in
in
let
him not
let
them not
let
affirmative
first
and
love.
the
first
jn
love.
us not love.
ne ament,
love.
not love.
do not love.
ne amemus,
n51ite
them
me
let
noli amare,
amate, love.
ament,
amem,
third
is
and
is
third
persons
(3) that ne
is
in
instead
imperatives
tlie
35
noli,
EXERCISES
341.
I.
Librum
I.
imperator.
6.
Ne
9.
Nolite delete.
regamus.
II.
7.
2.
Ne
friend.
milites.
audiantur.
Rogemus,
10.
Be merry,
I.
him come,
6.
lege.
Este fortes
4.
girls.
2.
Do
7.
eundem
11.
Do
librum.
Id sciatur.
3.
Bid
VOCABULARY
342.
memoria
Legite
recipiatur.
Be warned.
4.
memoria,
8.
Es bonus
3.
5.
-ae,
f.
memory.
vinum,
tene5, reffiember.
-i,
f.
death.
wine.
n.
,fear.
EXERCISES
343.
de
istis
II.
rebus.
I.
certain
3.
told
let
us not touch
5.
me something
man
Men,
Do
7.
We
7.
will
new.^
4.
it.
2.
the
women
Touch
gee 331, c
See 322.
in
136
LESSON LIX
COMPOUNDS OF SUM: READING LESSON
Dative with Compounds
344.
a.
Learn the
b.
Possum, be
c.
Prosum,
and sum.
inflection of
Dative of Service
able, can, is
benefit, is
retained before
is
e.
Compounds of sum
345.
absum, abesse,
away,
afui, afutiirus, be
be absent.
infui,
be in, be ajnong.
be able, can.
be at the head,
command.
Model
346.
Sentences
1.
2.
a.
.?
ivho
the dative, wliile the corresponding English verbs, benefit and com-
mand,
347.
are transitive.
Rule.
Many
verbs
ante,
often
COMPOUNDS
a.
Some of
these
compounds
Oi^
SUM
are transitive
137
tive
Model
348.
Sentetices
defence.
2.
Auxilio eis mittuntur copiae. /roops are sent as (for) a help to them.
a.
in
and
denote the end or purpose, that for which a thing serves ; hence
This dative may be accompanied by
called the dative of service.
to
another, as nobis, in
2,
350.
In vera amicitia
magnum
inest praesidium.
Amicus verus
Amico prodesse
dulce
puellaeque, amicis.
Infelix est
praesidio.
amicorum supersunt.
Amicis
is
Prodeste, pueri
EXERCISES
351.
2. He
I. Caesar had (in Caesar ioas) a very good memory.
never lacked courage (courage was never lacking to him).
He commanded brave men, and was present at many
3.
battles.
4.
He
was a terror
last
(proximus) wars
many
years.
6.
He
5.
He
138
LESSON LX
Participles
352.
b.
like
a.
Model
353.
.
2.
3.
amans (485)
those in -us,
bonus (483).
c.
Reading Lesson
Te
urbe manentem
{you staying) in
in
vidi,
and pronouns
like adjectives.
Sentences
the city.
this circumstance,
Dux
general
is
Dona missa
recepit,
had
been sent
{gifts sent).
6.
ciple
Observe that
is
to
in
each of the
first
five
VOCABULARY
354.
f.
history.
venenum,
-i,
r\.
poison.
PARTICIPLES
READIXC LESSOX
39
lead back.
put
to death.
355.
missus
De
est.
Ne
vicina.
rex
nocte
faceret,
medicus
ad Fabricium
"Ego,"
venit.
"si
inquit,
impetum
Pyrrhl
"Tu, pessime,"
interticiam."
"ad tuum dominum statim vinctus mitteris." Tum medicum vinctum ad Pyrrhum regem rediici iussit. Nonne ilium
pessimum hominem morte punivit Pyrrhus? Historia non
tus,
narrat
num medicus
a Pyrrho interfectus
EXERCISES
356.
I.
I.
sit.
anno disco
peiorem
fabulam
Aliquis
aliquid
homine.
illo
interfuit.
6.
novi.
quandam
Haec mihi
4.
narrabat.
2.
Quoque
Numquam quemquam
3.
Medicum Pyrrhi
in
ridens dixit.
5.
Fabric! castris
vidi
Pugnae
manentem
7.
"*
6.
is set free,
'
in.
353.
2-
"
miscreant.
353.
4-
'
353.
3-
he
''
will
be glad.
he was set
of him speaking
7.
They say
free.
as he spoke.
J53, 6.
140
LESSON LXI
PARTICIPLES Cojitinued
Ablative Absolute
Model
357.
Sentences
"1
the
Consul,
castris
V[ium\x&,'Roma.m.i
came to
Rome,
venit,
this
2.
the constil
Y
Hoc facto
we
shall
vincemus,
if this
agreeing with
in
it
done,
that the
conquer.
by doing this,
Observe
a.
is
noun
castris
and the
participle miinitis
expressed by venit
in 2 that hoc
(if),
or
An
ablative so used
is
Two
b.
sometimes used
in the
same way
The
is
our
is
leader,
we
shall conquer.
Accordingly
Rome
" has to
be cast into the form " Caesar, the Gauls having been
defeated, returned to
358.
Rule.
Rome,"
main
is
Romam
used
rediit.
to
express
verb.
ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE
The
way
best
in
I41
sidering
VOCABULARY
359.
Amulius,
m. Amulius.
-i,
auxilium, auxili,
geminus,
ripa, -ae,
f.
bank.
m. robber.
-a,
latro, -onis,
n. help., aid.
pour
found.
spread abroad.
out,
360.
I.
Hostibus
victis.
expCignato.
4.
I.
quodam
Cicerone consule.
2.
H5c
viso.
5.
6.
latrones
arcebant.
9.
8.
est.
equitibus
qui
imperatori
urbem, cives, ne ab
missi
Hi
captivi
Quis praefuit
sunt?
hostibus capiatur.
14.
II.
I.
moved.
When
2.
Mijnite
13.
Urbe munita,
Romulus, having
led back"^
and put
to death.
Amulius.
4.
ing taken'' the city, the soldiers set free the prisoners.
us rouse the citizens.
girls
1
impera-
11.
12.
paucis
Tum
cives
3.
auxilio
sunt.
Amulio
fratres ipsi
Hoc oppidum,
tor,
7.
10.
Oppido
repertis.
Gemini
3.
His rebus
were a help
Though,
etc.
6.
Hav-
5.
7.
to their teacher.
"-Compare 353.
6,
See 357,
c.
"
Let
Those
See 348.
14^
LESSON LXII
PARTICIPLES
Continued
The Gerundive
361.
The gerundive
it
Model
362.
1.
a verbal
is
modifies.
Sentences
man
to
Ad pacem petendam
venerant, they
came
Observe
was
desirous of destroy-
to be destroyed).
seek peace,
to
for the
sought).
to be
in
in
Observe that
in
servandum and
in 3
coniunx, coniugis,
-a,
-i,
f.
wife.
pastor, -oris,
signum,
).
VOCABULARY
363.
cupidus,
m. shepherd.
n. sign, signal.
summus,
-a,
(489).
vis, vis,
f.
might (482).
put
make
on.
ready, prepare.
THE GERUNDIVE
EXERCISES
364.
Pontis
I.
I.
143
faciendi.
scribendas.
epistulas
4.
2.
Epistulis scribendis.
Epistula
scribenda.
6. In petenda pace.
Pastor geminos coniugi educandos dedit.
3.
Ad
Viribus
5.
augendis.
7.
convenerunt
Multi
10.
9.
studio
videndae
12.
5.
6.
keeping
9.
We
1
^
^
off
**
11.
curat.'
Multi
Legio ad bellum
induendas tenipus
Signodato milites
drawing up a line
carrying on war.
founded a
city.
8.
By
about
I.
urbis.
are ready
Compare
Legati de
fields.
Having
7.
8.
12.
Roman Sandals
2 2>ery
well prepared.
ready
prepared.
J^/RST
144
YEAR LATIN
LESSON
LXIII
THE GERUND
365.
The gerund
dative, accusative,
366.
Dux
Model
erat
cupidus
urbem
destroying the
was
desirous of
the ptirpose
3.
of fighting, to fight.
Mens discendS alitur, the mind
Observe
venerunt, they
c.
Observe
is
strengthened by leanmig.
in
the general
city.
Ad pugnandum
pare
the genitive,
Sentences
delendi,
2.
a.
in
singular.
367.
1.
noun used
a verbal
is
and ablative
it
is
used
like
any other
in 2 that the
it
VOCABULARY
368.
amor,
-oris,
m. love.
causa, -ae,
f.
-i,
m.
god
industria, -ae,
nomen,
art.
cause, reason
f.
abl.
(after a genitive).
industry.
name.
spatium, spati,
n.
room, space,
time, opportunity.
(482).
f.
-inis, n.
iitilis, -e,
useful.
throw, hurl.
THE GERUND
Ars Vivendi.
I.
agendo.
4.
navigandi.
2.
7.
Milites
13.
pugnandi.
causa.
Amor
pugnandum.
Causa mittendi.
Inter
9.
II.
erant
non sunt
nulla re
idonei.
quam
17.
saliitem
de conteninenda morte
cupidi
Adsumus
12.
difificilis.
oppidum
erant.
hostis coniciendi'-
Difficultas
6.
Mittendi causa.
8.
10.
fecit.
est
Industria in
3.
Uicendo.
5.
14.
45
EXERCISES
369.
I.
16.
discendi
expugnandi.
Spatium
15.
lUi libri ad
pila in
legendum
19.
Cicero librum
18.
fecit.
II.
ing.
I.
4.
killing.
By fortifying. 2. While writing.^ 3. In (in) sayFor the sake of assembling. 5. For the purpose of
6. For the sake of seeking peace.'*
7. The difficulty
of approaching.
8.
9.
killing''
10.
11.
the king.
The master
Brothers, let us
12.
Having
during, while.
two ways.
^ for hurling.
See 357, ^.
Compare
#>:
A Roman Coin
I. 4.
Express
in
146
LESSON LXIV
THE SUPINE: ABLATIVE OF SPECIFICATION
Reading Lesson
The
370.
tive
supine
is
a verbal
Review
371.
These
Model
372.
1.
Legati
Romam
Sentences
Rome
to seek peace.
thai
2.
Id facile est
3.
factii,
is
Gauls
{^in
the doing).
in courage.
of specification.
373. Rule.
The supine in -um is used after verbs
of motion to express purpose.
374. Rule.
The ablative is used to denote in tvhat
respect
a thing
is true.
EXERCISES
375.
1.
2.
4.
6.
I.
Galli legates
.''
8.
Num
puer virum
vi
superat
in castra reduxit.
.'^
'
ABLATH'E OF SPECIFICATION
II.
The poor
I.
Are you
2.
like
soldiers
are tired
in
3.
6.
Who
47
4.
aid.
Many
5.
formed
(capio)
ROMAN CONSULS
376.
Romani, regibus expulsis/ duos consules quotannis habeConsulatus erat apud Romanos magistratus amplissiDictator magni periculi temporibus munera omnium
mus.
magistratuum praestabat. Consules togam praetextam gerebant.
Nisi in urbe
Roma
vitae
From
potestas
expello.
in
wore.
active
An
3.
not send.
4.
out in 360,
I,
are used in
the
absolute.
9.
8.
In 364,
Express
in
I. 7,
gerund with ad
what idea
7.
is
or
See 347.
is
singular.''
dos?
REVIEW
377.
I
business.
11.
first
10.
of a verbal
noun with an
object.
148
LESSON LXV
REVIEW OF VERB-FORMS
Reading Lesson
Note.
378.
Review
it
may
the
(498).
VOCABULARY (REVIEW)
379.
iiivi,
co7nmand.
ottt.
hold, keep.
EXERCISES
380.
I.
Dant,
I-
mutamus,
implete.
orabat,
iuvant,
iubemus,
4.
liivisti,
implebat,
9.
8.
lata
est,
3.
miitavisti,
iubebat.
iusserunt, tenuerunt.
bitur.
implent,
videmus.
7.
manent.
Orate,
2.
Monstramus,
monstrate,
mansisti, tenuisti.
Monstraverunt,
6.
5.
tenete,
Dabat,
mutaverunt,
monstrata
est,
impletum
10.
est,
visum
est.
Monstraturus, oratura,
impleturus, mansura.
videndum.
tur,
12.
ne iuberetur.
RE 17E IV OF VERB-FORMS
II.
I.
we
aid,
He
shall give,
to have
aided,
you
it
149
remains, he sees.
will order,
2.
changed, to have
filled,
me
to
3.
shall
To have
have remained.
4.
let
us stay,
held.
7.
Let
help,
let
bidden, to seem.
while
5.
8.
filling:.
to be changed, to
Of showing, by praying,
have been
for
keeping,
381.
eflfusus
sicco
(siibsidi?tg),
eos aqua in
reliquit.
lambit,
regius, animadvertit,
et
eos
portavit
in
casam, et coniugi
dedit educandos.
150
LESSON LXVI
REVIEW OF VERB-FORMS (::^//<?fl'
Reading Lesson
Note.
382.
may be
it
VOCABULARY (REVIEW)
383.
b2ty.
throw, hurl,
cast.
know.
EXERCISES
384.
I.
I.
tetigerunt,
vincebatis.
venerunt.
4.
2.
Ponebatis,
lecerunt, posuerunt,
recipiebatis,
6.
recepta
entes.
11.
Ement,
10.
9.
Emptum
lace,
Ponimur,
iacta sunt,
iacientur,
8.
est,
recipient,
vincentur.
esse.
5.
venturam
tegebatis,
3.
14.
Empturus
13.
12.
Ut
Ponendi,
REVIEW OF VERB-FORMS
II.
I.
buying;.
received.
They
2.
He was
come, you
shall
3.
151
placing, he
will
we
touched.
6.
4.
To have
fortified, to
Of throwing,
8.
will
be bought,
will
be touched.
385.
'
be received, they
shall
ROMULUS AND
Pueri adultl
7.
(ja/ien
U^yiX}^
grown up)
by covering.
will
9.
It
be covered, he
Continued
inter pastores
primo
ludicris
et
esset.
Hie
Amiilium
interfecit.
urbem Romulus
**
Romam
vocavit.
Roman Coins
^
*
From
From
augeo.
expono.
From
coepi.
152
LESSON LXVII
DEPONENT VERBS
Ablative with Certain Deponents
386.
They occur
meanings.
tions,
active
present, as follows
a.
in
infinitive
First conj.
-ari
Third conj.
-i
Second
-eri
Fourth conj.
-iri
conj.
c.
hortatiirus esse
Act. supine
hortatum
hortandi,
hortando, etc.
Pres.
hortans, urging.
Fut.
hortatiirus,
d.
Gerund
to urge.
the gerundive
is
having urged.
2.
Luce
sponding words
Rule.
in
soils frulmur,
active in
liice
we
The
potior, vescor,
is
Sentences
to be urged.
passive.
Model
387.
388.
\ioridus,
Gerundive hortandus,
Observe
meaning
Perf.
about
and
their
ablative.
'
DEPONENT VERBS
53
VOCABULARY
389.
llbertas, -atis,
nemo, dat.
liberty, freedom.
f.
for abl.), m.
nuUo
no one, nobody.
f.
m. writer.
sol, solis,
now.
nunc, adv.
ivisdom.
sapientia, -ae,
scriptor, -oris,
m.
sufi.
advantage.
sum, enjoy.
utor, uti,
usus sum.
Ad
5.
VereminI deos.
employ.
of,
neminem
sciunt,
11.
quidam vetus
scripsit
**
:
Nunc
neminem."
Ipse cum omnibus
verentur, imitantur
sequebatur.
Scriptor
8.
omnia
2.
4.
utendum, hortatum,
7.
sequerentur.
eos
nse
3.
quendo, verendo.
6.
make
I.
I.
tise,
EXERCISES
390.
uteris.
10.
Tempore
litamur
cum
13.
14.
II.
T.
They
Illo
copiis
sapientia.
12.
puerl
9.
2.
sunt.
usui.^
We
use,
3.
of,
6.
Do
out.
5.
See 35S.
See 197,
3.
We
(Being) about to
See 340.
Let
7.
See 349.
154
LESSON LXVIII
THE IRREGULAR VERBS
V0L5, NOLO,
MALO
indicative,
and subjunctive.
1.
2.
lish
infinitive,
a.
Model Sentences
392.
a.
volo, nolo,
faciat,
do
to
this.
Eng-
Most
Rule.
393.
mand,
and
verbs
and
and
spare,
VOCABULARY
394.
enim,i conj./^^r.
mulier,
-eris,
f.
neque
woman.
occasus,
neque, neither
-lis,
m. setting.
sum,
try, test.
be
Never
the
first
pleasing
word
in
a sentence.
to.
nor.
395.
I.
r.
malit.
3.
quam
bonus.
9.
mur eum
6.
Nonne
tibi nocere.
vis
potientur.
13.
12.
7.
Tibi pro-
8.
velimus, ut nolit, ut
4.
Nolunt
nocere malumus.
Ut
2.
5.
desse
155
1 1.
10.
Arbitra-
14.
hostium
mus cur puer esse scriptor velit. 15. Captivi, cognito Caesaris
eum rogabant ut sibi parceret.
II.
I. They were wishing, I shall be unwilling, she will
prefer.
2. That you may be willing, that he might prefer, lest
adventij,
he should be unwilling.
For the
3.
sake'' of
pleasing your
friends.
4.
The
neither
imitate
soldiers,
women nor
good men
children.
6.
(rather) than.
his
spared
the
(things).
=*
{sing.) to try
-
city,
Why
5.
own
7.
He had
same fortune
See 368.
per-
of war.
See 284.
156
FIJ^ST
YEAR LA my
LESSON LXIX
CUM TEMPORAL, CAUSAL, AND CONCESSIVE
Reading Lesson
396.
Model
Libros,
2.
Caesar,
3.
Cum
this
4.
Sentences
cum mihi est otium, lego, / read books when I have leisure.
cum id nuntiatum asset, in Galliam contendit, Caesar, when
had
(i
and 2)
is
called
Rule.
verb is
the
tJie
Rule.
In
or
VOCABULARY
399.
-i,
multitude,
tacitus, -a,
m. Fabius.
-inis,
f.
multitude.
adpropinquo,
-um,
sileitt.
to.
jwnp down,
leap down.
cum
Milites,
cerunt.
2.
interfecerunt.
3.
in
cum-
virtute
interfe-
Cum
"
incolas
consistendi
miiro
ceret,
potestas
erat
nulli.
Belgae,
4.
imperio
Cum
6.
401.
5/
EXERCISES
400.
I.
filio
ad patrem progressus
est,
cum
duo-
Quod ^ cum
taciti
praeterierant.**
'
Pater tum
"Non
ego,
fili,"
num
scires
senectutem
desiliens:
vixit
^'^
te esse
Ad summam
consulem."
EXERCISES
402.
I.
inquit,
old,
nevertheless he leaped
Temporal.
on {was carried
'
b}^.
Causal.
^
See 165.
Object of animadvertisset.
his horse.
silent.
we know
When
6.
former" was
Abl. abs.
in silence (silent).
1^866295.
11
old,
he had
7.
that the
Concessive.
'^
5.
down from
4.
When
When a
2.
3.
See 201,
^
^.
consul.
^ was riding
had passed by.
158
LESSON LXX
Conditional Sentences
403.
condition
conditional sentence
The
called apodosis.
two
of
parts,
conclusion
condition {protasis)
also
generally an
is
{/"-clause,
is
consists
and a
;
Model
404.
Sentences
Simple Conditions
bene
if he does this,
Si hoc
2.
3.
Si hoc
4.
facit,
faciei,
est,
bene
erit,
it is well.
was doing
it
will be well.
Doubtful Conditions
time
is
sit,
if he should do this,
it
would
be well (the
future).
6.
is
dition
would
it
be well
present).
is
had done
this,
it
wotild have
past).
in i, 2, and 3 that the indicative is used in both conand conclusion, implying nothing as to the truth of the sup-
Observe
position.
Observe
in
sentences
may be
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
he were doing this (but he
is
is
not),
it
not), etc.
would
159
be well (therefore
it
fact.
d.
Observe further
in 5 that the
imperfect subjunctive
is
referred to
in
used
is
in
6 the pluperfect
405.
Rule.
In
Rule.
In
used.
406.
is
and
past time.
VOCABULARY
408.
coena. -ae,
f.
nisi, conj.
dinner.
if not, unless.
m. dictator.
dictator, -oris,
be in
charge
of,
preside over.
EXERCISES
409.
I.
2.
I.
3.
Nisi res
6.
Obsidibus
datis,
5.
Veni ad coenam,
pacem cum
4.
Si
si tibi
eis faciam.
If
4.
he would have been the greatest of generals.
should approach, the lieutenant would dismount.
If
the consul
If Fabius
had not dismounted, would his son have ordered him to
dismount ?
5.
l6o
LESSON LXXI
Review
Reading Lesson
REVIEW
410.
What
I.
is
a deponent verb?
How
5.
3.
4.
2.
monitus,
not deponent?
is
Inflect
6.
and subjunctive.
8.
Translate cum
15.
What
sit in
English were
were?
time
is
in if
17.
pose clauses
indicative
in the
intran-
10.
With
What
14.
13.
How many
forms of con-
Illustrate
16.
he were here,
is
to stay.
time
in
expressed by the
is
is
the tense
18.
What words
What
What word
in result clauses
20.
Translate
Translate he conies
21.
and subjunctive
What word
he came
for
if
7.
two ways.
the
and
auditus.
11.
of
are there?
ditional sentences
tence.
and
9.
rectus,
verb
22. Translate
to write.
/ asked
411.
Erant
in
quadam
primis ordinibus
Hi perpetuas
legione fortissimi
viri,
adpropinquabant, T. Pullo
inter se
controversias
et
L. Vorenus.
habebant uter
alter!
each
i.e.
l6l
pugnaretur,'-
locum tuae
probandae
contendebant.
'
virtutis
munitiones
extra
sima visa
exspectas
Haec cum
Hie
et in
dies
de
dixisset,^ procedit
confertis-
est inrumpit.
EXERCISES
412.
''
When
4.
Pullo
VOCABULARY
413.
beyond.
locus,
-i,
Pullo, -onis,
m.
(plur. loci
and
Vorenus,-!,
loca),
m.
P21II0, a centurion,
m.Vofemts, a centurion.
inrumpo, inrumpere,
inriipT.
(it
^
5.
acerrime
haec
278.
cum
^
dixisset
uterque.
may
''
>*
in hostis.
acriter.
See 295.
was fiercest
Compare 362, 2.
this.
a place was
to
l62
LESSON LXXII
THE IRREGULAR VERBS
414.
a.
Observe where
b.
The
gerund.
ierit
in
perfect, pluperfect,
changed
is
ivit, iit
in
Model
many
iverit,
The
is
Sentences
is
is
is
Vereor ne veniat,
subjunctive.
:
as in
Ifear that he
I fear that he
Vereor ut veniat,
a.
eo,
iverat, ierat
fit.
415.
2.
and
to e in the indica-
often drop v
-ivi,
(508).
c.
ings
fio
may
parts, the
and
tive
-er
this lesson
ut
that not ; ne
b.
indicative future.
EXERCISES
416.
I.
I.
4.
I,
esse.
eunti, eundi.
7.
13.
5.
batur ut irent.
ilia
2.
fierent.
10.
12.
His rebus
erant ut irent
ferrent.
fiant.
milites
Veretur ne eant.
Verentur ne haec
Cum
factis,
8.
6.
processerunt.
11.
9.
Romam
14.
Vere-
Timuit ut
ierunt.
Eos hortati
THK IRREGULAR VERBS
II.
You
I.
go, bear,
not go
become.
He had
3.
happen
this will
2.
.''
Who
63
They
4.
Do
7.
was afraid
417.
existimationem
Pullo pilum
procurrentem
in
sequitur.
traicit
protegunt hostes
in
Mediocri
immittit atque
unum
quem pcrcussum *
Pullonem omnes
tela
hostls
Continued
omnium
continet,* sed
'
et
spatio
relicto,
ex multitudine
exanimatum
scutis
coniciunt neque
dant progrediendi
facultitem.
et
'
See 297.
ne
(\\x\A^ra.,
not even.
'^
"^
'
et,
etc.:
educere gladium.
(i.e.
^when he
Pullonem) understood.
et moratur
dextram
him in
distress
i"
is
common
if
genitive.
manum
conaatis
{him laboring).
164
LESSON LXXIII
IMPERSONAL USE OF VERBS
Relative of Purpose
Model
418.
Sentences
was fighting
1.
Pugnabatur, there
2.
3.
a.
was fought).
(Jt
personal subjects.
In
there
Reading Lesson
Verbs
in the third
esset
in 3 the
is
in the passive
subject
is
when employed
in
and
Verbs
in the third
2,
are said to
itnpersonally.
419.
I.
ire.
be
the infinitive
Model
Sentence
lent to ut
ii
420. Rule.
Purpose
with the suhjimctive.
cohors, cohortis,
f.
it
is
equiva-
expresses purpose.
often expressed by
relative
VOCABULARY
421.
ambo,
is
is,
duo), both,
cohort.
praesidium,
subsidium,
-i,
-i,
n.
support.
165
I.
I.
Acriter pugnatur.
ut Onus ex
// is
permitted,
behooves,
it is
it is
alloived.
necessary, ought.
creatus
Nonne
Accidit ut pugnetur.
2.
dubitare oportet.
8.
it
EXERCISES
422.
tator
judge, decide.
'\\!iA\tdX\X2,,
(licitum est),
5.
esse
dicitur,^
Ei
7,
dicitur.'
6,
Dic-
amico subvenire.
licuit
Accidit
3.
Vorenum non
4.
9.
ludicari
Decern cohortes
10.
I.
men came
It
to both.
423.
Ad hunc
vertit.
confestim a Pullone
fectOj^reliquos
in
Cc7///^^d'
paulum
locum inferiorem
fert
fectls,"
ambo
summa cum
laude
vit ut alter
inimicus alter!
sese
inter-
instat, deiectus**
concidit.
Pullo, atque
sidium
dumcupidius^
propellit;
et
intra
munitiones recipiunt.
certamine
sic
it is
neque
iudicari posset,
Personal.
^it
* it
See 358.
"See 255, .
^having
^'^
though an enemy.
depends on esset.
alter.
nor could
it
be decided
= nor
could one
tell.
i66
LESSON LXXIV
PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS: DATIVE OF AGENT
The
424.
future
first
active
amaturus
est,
combined with
participle
he
going
is
to {is
he
about
to)
he was
a.
must be
the
sum
love; amaturus
conjugation
amandus
est,
is
the
he
is
to
Model
sit,
Sentences
2.
Sciebam quid
3.
4.
5.
Mihi scribendum
a.
Observe
factiirus esset,
in
writing
est,
and
must
tniist be
that the
to do.
be destroyed.
done by
first
me I fnust
periphrastic
write.
conjugation
Observe
in 3, 4,
and
d.
Observe
Observe
in 5 that the
in
4 and
verb
426. Rule.
to
erat,
425.
1
is
ought
to be loved,
of
to) love.
periphrastic
forms
is
Compare 362, i.
Compare 418.
used impersonally.
who has
of ac^etit.
Compare
to
by.
do a thing
This dative
who has
to
do a thing.
PERfPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS
67
VOCABULARY
427.
Catillna. -ae,
m. Catiline.
centuri5, -onis,
m. centurion.
diligentia, -ae,
Jumd.
to
exsilium,
f.
diligence, industry.
n. exile.
-i,
sum
come
to aid, assist.
EXERCISES
428.
Descensiirus
I.
I.
est,
moritura erat.
Inruptiiri sunt,
2.
Duo
7.
3.
virtutem
centuriones
probaturi
erat.
9.
erant.
8.
Duorum
Gladiis
ferret.
Hostis
13.
Vorenus,
14.
cidit.
cum
oportebat
munitiones
in
se'^
uterque interfectus
15.
recipere.
esset.
II.
2.
He was
I.
to advance, she
is
going to
was going
prepare.
to prepare.
had to be spared.
must be done. 5. The state must be
defended by the citizens. 6. Cicero asked whether* Catiline
was going to go* into exile.
All things were done
7.
that had to be done.*^
think that we must do
8. Do not
3.
4.
He
feared that
it
it
"
this.^
1
See3SS.
^Compare
be
done
l)y
425,
us.
2(^Q^pare 425,
2.
'
5.
^Compare
425,
se recipere
"
4.
withdraw.
See 340.
num.
this
must
68
LESSON LXXV
EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE
Review
Commit
429.
Reading Lesson
memory
to
preceding lessons
in the
ut pacem peterent,
ad pacem petendam,
pacem petendi
Venerunt
they
causa,
subjunctive imperfect.
form of
mascuHne.
9.
eat.
In 409,
meaning of
1.
5.
431.
What forms of
what
is
in
fio
4.
Of
before e
6.
What
iret
and verebatur ne
10.
What
is
the
I.
iisse.
videret
manus
factum
cum
in the passive
have
7.
and
fiunt, fimus,
used impersonally
eum
i,
Translate verebatur ut
8.
I. 5,
dicitur
fero
and vereor ne
iret.
2.
3.
iens in the
to fight.
REVIEW
430.
est.
to
ad pugnandum,
I.
came
seek peace.
j
ferreas,
primus
navis
Romanas
vicit,
was
Qui^
vicit.
instituit.
^
qui cum,
Ea machina
when
he.
READING LESSON
69
Inter
Romanis, qui robore praestabant, facilis victoria fuit.
pugnandum triginta hostium naves captae sunt, tredecim
Duilius, victor Romam reversus,'' primus ^ navalem
mersae.''
''
triumphum
egit.''
invicti terra
quod
VOCABULARY
432.
corvus,
fuit,
poterant.
-i,
-um, Carthaginian.
m. raven.
Punicus,
ferreus, -a,
hostilis, -e,
of the enemy,
-a,
velocitas, -atis,
hostile.
f.
swiftness.
m. victor; as
victor, -oris,
/^tf C^zr/Zzfl-
adj.,
victorious.
ginians.
EXERCISES
433.
I.
thrown
hands were
ravens.
seizing
5.
Roman
Since the
swiftness, iron
called
3.
set up.
2.
and the
ravens^ for'
these
the
Carthaginians in strength.
1
See 358.
Compare
powerful.
p. 168,
8
See 369,
note
See 388.
I. 4.
i.
^
From
From
ago.
"
mergo.
From
revertor.
ad with gerundive.
i"
soldiers.
434,
435.
mox
via
magna
patebit et terram
With poma.
on their shoulders.
lo
claustra'''
With
fossis
and tumulls.
Object of deturbat.
ic
2c
172
recreantque cibo.
WALTER RALEIGH
SIR
436.
vicos
urbis
lutum.
Forte
ambulabat.
Regina
stat incerta
multum videt
quod viam lubricam timet. At
ante
pedes
locum
[o
magna ^ cum
Subito
tegit vestiment5
437.
fili
custodem.
dominus pectus
At subito
fili
Eheu
petit.
puerum non
per-
videt sed
vidit
Fidelis
servaverat.
438.
Ab
batur.
"
;
STORIES OF HERCULES
virtute sustinuerant.
rique civcs
Tandem,
muris et
pellis
173
edebant,
cum
mise-
rege de deditione
Da ^
"
civium iungit.
cum
precibus
horum
fortium virorum
STORIES OF HERCULES
439.
Hercules, Alcmenae
filius,
Hie
dicitur
necare voluit.
media nocte
in
qui
serpentis saevissimos,
\vitli
From supersum.
give
meaning of imperfect.
statim
imperative of do.
From
odi,
pluperfect
;;
174
magna
vi^ compressit.
Tali
modo
mortuos monstrabat.
et serpentis
440.
enim oraculum
erat
Apollinis plurimis
10
omnium
celeberrimum.
ornatum
donis
hoc
Ibi
in
hoc
erat
templo sedebat
et consilium
ad oraculum veniebant.
ire;
templum
dabat
iis
qui
ipso Apolline
Hercules
venit.
Pythia
15 regis
20
441.
Post
haec
iussus
est
cum amico
igitur
See 4S2.
ab
Eurystheo
erat, cui
lolao
"
Hydram
novem erant
profectus*^
necare
est
ad paludem
That
is,
1.
1.
because
*
Com-
4.
Her-
capita.
S TORIES OF HERCULES
175
et,
dextra
Turn
prehendit.
novem abscidere
capita
coepit
Diu
tandem hoc conatu'' destitit^; constituit
Hoc celeriter
deinde arbores succidere et ignem accendere.
Ignem comprehenderunt, face
fecit et, postquam ligna
Non tamen
ardente colla adussit/ unde capita exoriebantur.
sine magno labore haec fecit; venit enim auxilio'^ Hydrae
cancer ingens,
qui,
dum ^
Hercules capita
Postquam monstrum
mordebat.
tali
abscidit,'-^
mod5
crura eius lo
interfecit, sagittas
442.
Deinde
^"^
imposuit.
^'^
15
purgatum
diei
erat.
purgare.
Hoc
Ille,
res
etsi
confecit.
1
desists.
pluperfect.
The
'
From
and
1*
347.
"
1.
aduro.
12,
See 305,
interfecit,
and note.
^-
e.
1.
1.
is
See 232.
From
^ while he was
See 348 and 349.
i' Depends on imposuit; see
346
^3 From obser5.
See 257 and 4S2.
20
176
443.
Mandavit enim
supra narravimus.
ei,
ut
poma
res
iam antea conati ^ erant
tamen difficillima ^ erat namque hortus, in quo poma erant,
praeterea draco
muro ingenti undique circumdatus est
quidam, cui " centum erant capita, portam horti diligenter
custodiebat.
Opus igitur, quod Eurystheus Herculi imperaverat, erat summae difficultatis, non modo ob causas quas
memoravimus, sed quod Hercules omnino ignorabat quo in
induct!
haec
auferre
10
loco hortus
ATLAS,
444.
stituit
pit,
quo
WHO UPHELD
proficisci maturavit.^
in
THE HEAVENS
Hercules,
15
situs esset.
ille
loco
Hesperides
cupiebat, con-
habitarent
tamen
nihil
^^
certum
reperire potuit.
Tandem, cum
20 pericula subiit.^^
in his itineribus
totum annum
Oceano, pervenit.
ingenti
magnitiidine
Hie stabat
vir
^^
qui
corporis,
caelum
(ita
25
{those)
which.
From
aufero
imperfect
See 335.
Limits nymphae; see 306 and 307.
* See
See 114 and 115.
254.
392 and 393.
''
contendit, p. 174,
compare note
4.
1.
16.
i3
^^
From
"
quaero.
i'*
From
conor.
see 506.
"
See
See 414,
See 386,
conloquium
subjunctive;
''
in
tradunt)
Hercules
c.
b.
i'^
Limits vir;
STORIES OF HERCULES
cum Atlanta
lium ab eo
venit
cum causam
et,
Herculi
asset
ipse esset
^
auxi-
itineris docuisset,
petiit.
445.
cum-
1/7
Postquam
hortus.
'
maxime prodesse
ille
enim,
quam ob causam
audivit
Hercules venisset,^ "Ipse," inquit, "ad hortum ibo/ et filiabus^ meis persuadebo, ut poma sua sponte tradant." Hercules,
cum haec
oblatum'^
dum
magnopere gavisus
audiret,
vim adhibere,
si
auxilium
ipse abesset,
aliter
res
fieri
posset
Atlas
accipere.
enim
est; noluit
constituit
tamen
igitur
postulavit
ut,
Hoc
quamquam
igitur
erat
res
RETURN OF ATLAS
446.
passuum
cum
venisset,
et
aberat, se
quam
^^
menter hortatus
poma
est ut
Eo
celerrime contulerat."
et filias
suas vehe-
traderent.
nolebant enim hoc facere, quod ab ipsa lunone (de qua ante
dictum est) hoc munus acceperant. Atlas tamen post multa
verba
iis ^^
rettulit.^^
poma ad Herculem
dies exspectavisset,
pluris
since
see 39S.
subjunctive in an indirect question (294) should be rendered like an indica^ From gaudeo.
^ See
* See 507.
tive.
393 and p. 22, foot-note 2.
^ From abeo
compare
offero.
See 353, 5.
^^ quam celerrime, as quickly as possible.
See 279.
12 See
^^ From refero.
392 and 393.
"
From
subiit, p. 176,
^^
Fiom
1.
20.
confero.
1/8
commotus
graviter
redeuntem
et
rettulit
vidit
;
turn
ad Graeciam
proficisci maturavit.
447.
Hercules multa
Post haec
10 occidisset
Cum
eius
e finibus
ad fliimen
iunctum
erat, et
Hercules
iret,
cum uxore
sua
civitatis
faciunt,^
exsilium
in
casii,
quae
perfecit,
aetate provectus
filiam, in
annos accidit ut
casu occiderit.^
praeclara
alia
Tandem iam
est.
dum
exire maturavit.
modo flumen
quaerunt quonam
traici-
15
448.
^"
Nessus igitur sagitta Herculis transfixus moriens humi
at, ne occasionem sui " ulciscendi dimitteret, ita
iacebat
1 See
485.
matrimonium
necare, p. 174,
10.
22,
1.
abscidit, p. 175,
1.
longum
1.
From
commonly be
this.
^'
would
What
and interfecti,
and note.
10,
no
preceding sentence,
by
est, it
diixit, fuaryied.
by
p.
"
swimming ;
be tedious.
literally
174,
From
1.
3.
From
proveho.
in
i.
offero
see 367,
Compare dum
compare oblatum,
^
p. 177,
must
See
195,
b.
'
STORIES OF HERCULES
179
si vis
locutus est: "Tu, Deianira, verba morientis audi,
amorem mariti tui conservare, aliquid sanguinis hiiius, qui e
suspicio in
"
autem
nihil
fecit.
Post breve
tern-
Dum
lovi sacrificaret.
misit qui
attulit
sensit et quae causa esset ^ eius rei magnopere miraDolore paene exanimatus vestem detrahere conatus est
tamen in corpore haesit ^^ neque iillo modo divelli potuit.
membra
'^
batur.
Turn
demum
Oetam
rogum, quem
se contulit^^et in
Hoc cum
se imposuit.
strijxit,
summa
in
montem
circumstabant
See
386, d.
From
impello.
shall have
come;
but
it
is
better
to
translate
* See
no evil ; see 256 and 257.
The perfect participle of a deponent verb is sometimes present
3
nihil madi,
in sense.
8
"^
505.
From
sentio.
^-
From
nothing 0/ evil
adpello.
See
^ From adfero.
^ See 419 and 420.
11 From
From haereo.
and note.
quam celerrime see p. 177, 1. 16, and note 10.
p. 177,
confero.
^^
1.
i''
5,
20
celeritate ex-
oravit ut
comes.
15
infecit.
449.
ilia
lo
tamen
25
l8o
dum omnia
Turn,
ignem subdidit.
inductus
abreptus
obscu-
funio
Olympum
rantur,
est.
STORIES OF ULYSSES
450.
rant,
ram
eius
a litore progress!
a(3
locum explorare
turn,
quod
natii-
cum duodecim
regionis
Paulum
c5nstituit.
animadverterunt.
Quod' cum
magnam copiam
Dum
lactis
incoleret,
viderunt,
fecissent,
humana quidem
sonitum
monstrum
ter-
hor-
Cum
autem animadvertissent gigantem linum tantum oculum habere in media fronte positum,
intellexerunt hunc esse unum e Cyclopibus, de quibus famam
magnitiidine^ corporis.
iam
acceperant.''
451.
20
et
praecipue
1
From
sentio.
montem Aetnam
abripio.
See
p. 179,
1.
incolebant
and note.
10,
and hands
and
note.
tives; see
i.
^
''
Translate as
if
to be
it
ibi
enim Volcanus,
See 256,
going
to
do
b.
by skilful hands.
From
Subject
See
p. 178,
1.
18,
acceperant
audiverant.
STORIES OF ULYSSES
l8l
suam habebat.
officinam
Graeci
igitur,
Polyphemus autem, ita enim gigas appelspeluncam egit^; turn cum saxo
ingenti portam obstruxisset," ignem in medio antro accendit.
Hoc facto, omnia oculo perlustrabat et cum sensisset homines^
celare conabantur.
latus
magna voce
exclamavit:
"Qui
Tum Ulixes
Mercat5res an latrones ? "
homines?
respondit se"* neque mercatores esse neque praedandi* causa
venisse, sed e Troia redeuntis" vi tempestatum a recto cursu
estis
Tum
pecora sua in
est,
Polyphemus
quaesivit
cum
'
^"
iniiiria
abire liceret.
qua vecti^
bene intellegeret sibi" maxime
ubi
10
navis
esset
15
praecavendum " esse, respondit navem suam in riipis c5niecPolyphemus autem nullo
tam^- et omnino perfractam esse.
dato response duo e sociis manu conripuit et membris eorum
divolsis^^
NO WAY OF ESCAPE
452.
geruntur, Graecorum animos tantus terror occuedere possent sed omni spe
vocem quidem
At Polysalutis deposita mortem praesentem exspectarent.
phemus, postquam fames hac tarn horribili cena depulsa est,
Dum^^ haec
pavit ut ne
From
ago.
^'''
^"^
translated as an indicative.
is
Subject accusative of
se
^
From
From
veho.
Strictly by
quaero.
^''
that
clause:
which (see
^^
See 39S.
1.
2,
and note.
^^
^^
From
not even
See 429.
*<
while retiirntjig ;
Repeat
see
507.
they,
divello.
see 425,
^^
5,
From
and 426.
caro.
^^
^^
See
had
p. 172,
zq
82
vidisset Ulixes,
arbitratus, in
Cum tamen
nihil
explorare,
possent.
mum
Quod cum
se dedit.
sibi
profuturum
Tanta enim
interfecisset/
intellexit,
si
cum
qui,
salutis
intellexissent
oblata,
tamen, ne
^^
demonstravit
15 evasisse,
quo
de fortunis
in
Quae'^
cum
lo ita
Polyphe-
loco
suis
^^
desperare
coeperunt.
spe
Ille
dii
453.
^
e somno excitatus idem
Orta^^ liice
quod hesterno die fecit; correptis^' enim dudbus e reliquis
Turn, cum saxum
viris, carnem eorum sine mora devoravit.
Polyphemus iam
tantam
is
good a chance
ought not
to
see 424
ciple
it
i"*
i'^
STORIES OF ULYSSES
cum pecore suo ex
magnam
amovisset, ipse
cum
Graeci,
viderent
antro progressus
Quod
est.
spem venerunt
in
83
sc post
se dediderunt
misque
animo
cogitavit,
desperabat.
lignis
quae
hunc summa
cum diligentia praeacutum fecit tum postquam sociis quid
lieri vellet ostendit, reditum Polyphemi exspectabat.
antro reposita^ sunt, palum
in
nondum omnino
crimine esse,
diu toto
magnum
delegit
10
454.
rediit
et
eodem
15
20
devorabo."
magnam
p. 182,
note
somno oppressus
venerunt,
3
4.
From
had great
hopes.
Observe
exeo.
translate as present.
11
Nomaii.
recumbo.
1-
p. 182,
^
note
From
these {things)
16.
adfero.
From
in this
Ulixes sociis 25
6.
From
^
Tum
est.
From
promo.
See 367,
repono.
2.
this
as
From consuesco;
From haurio.
From
said.
"^
^'^
^-^
84
"Habemus,"
convocatis,
tem
ne
"quam^
inquit,
occasionem
tantam
igitur
petiimus faculta-
gerendae
bene
rei
omittamus."
NOMAN
455.
Hac
5
oratione
calefecit,
Quo
fodit.
somno
omnes
subito
ille
illo
clamorem terribilem
excitatus,
speluncam
lo
facto,
At
derunt.
habita,''
errat, Ulixi
manum
inicere conabatur.
modo hoc
nullo
esset,
sustulit
et
fuit,
dum
per
Cum ^ tamen
potuit.
eflficere
cam convenerunt
et
ageret quaesiverunt et
sustulisset.
15
magno
vim
Ille
dolore adfici."
auditis,
unus
Cum tamen
respondit
intulisset,
quaesivissent quis
"ceteri
Neminem
"At si nemo,"
ille
e Cyclopibus,
inquit,
ei
Quibus
id fecisse.
"te volnera-
baud dubium est quin consilio^^ deorum, quibus resistere nee possumus nee volumus, hoc supplicio adficiaris."
vit,
20
His
abierunt
dictis,
Cyclopes eum in
insaniam
incidisse
arbitrati.^^
quam
petiimus facultatem
omittamus,
let its
not
let slip,
facultatem
partem
=
1^
pali
the
from
clause
and note
questions.
a.
what follows.
translate
From
what
^ since.
tollo.
ailed
Polyphemus
3i
4.
"^ns
a.
adficio.
afflicted.
petiimus.
;
Limits excitatus.
quam
hortatory subjunctive
pq^^jvalent to arbitrantes
Find
in this
anecdote
compare
five ablatives
suspicata, p. 179,
1-
6,
STORIES OF ULYSSES
85
THE ESCAPE
456.
ad agros exiret.
ovis ad
Quod cum
bene enim
quam
dolo magis
animadvertisset Ulixes,
intellexit
omnem spem
Primum
in virtute poni.
tris
salutis
quas vidit
unum sociorum
conexis,^
ventribus
10
passus*
Ulixes, ubi
est.
15
ultimus evasit.
OUT OF DANGER
457.
His rebus
ita confectis,
Ulixes
The
^''
in
subject
is
periculum grave
porta understood.
3
*
from ago.
and note.
cum compare p.
1.
since.
1^ in
cati folIo\ving.
fore
i'
21,
1*
reditum eorum in
tris dies
egit,
with
See
p. 179,
12
17S, note 9.
id
quod
1.
Compare
^ From
and
Seg o^g,
l*'
esse.
25,
quod
erat,
1*
conecto.
P'rom patior.
note.
a.
that they
erat, that
^^
consilium.
= futurum
horas exspecta-
incidisse,^*^ id
horas, hourly.
^'
^^
11
thither
Compare
Object of
See
begin with
p. 184,
p. 37, foot-note.
which was
suspi-
20
86
non
satis
celerrime
proficisci
c5nstituit.
si
Turn Ulixes
quam
in eo loco maneret,
lussit
igitur
omnis navem
conscendere et ancoris sublatis^ paulum a litore in altum proTurn magna voce exclamavit " Tu, Polypheme,
vectus est.
:
qui
iiira
Hac voce
poenam immani-
10 in
autem, etsi
FABLES
CIRCUMSTANCES ALTER CASES
458.
Haedus stans
Cui lupus,
15
"Non
Saepe locus
et
tu," inquit,
459.
Lupus capram
in alta riipe
in
ilia
et sterilia loca et
tibi
laetum pabulum
respondit capra
20
nuda
inquit, "relinquis
"Mihi^ non
est in
hue descendis
ofiferunt
animo^ dulcia
"
Cui
tijtis
^^
praep5nere."
From
tollo.
Genitive of hospitium.
drowned
they
i^*
FABLES
THE DOG
460.
Canis iacebat
arcebat.^
est,
THE MANGER
IN
in praesaepi
Haec
187
nee possis
'
"
!
461.
Hine
pariebat aureum.
Sed
quod
bus
divitiis^- inhiat,
etiam minores
UNION
fascem virgularum
adferri
sibi
^^
adpropinquare
Quibus
iubet.
quam
filios,
firma
maiori10
discordare
iisque
esset
res
^'
adlatls,
et
filios
faeere
eeleriter
non
fraetis,^** 15
quamque
coneordia
'''
sentlret,
noverat/'^
Quod cum
docuit
dum ^^
Itaque
perdidit.
interdum
quos
convoeavit,
^^
STRENGTH
IS
eum mortem
Agrieola senex,"
filios
nihil in ea repperit,^"
462.
ovum
massam
ei cotidie
imbecillis diseordia.
see
Why
(because).
From
gallinam, subject
1'^
From
reperio.
!'
393.
and
dum
^^
i^
these
the imperfect
p. 177,
eelare,
.
inhiat,
1.
5,
is
and note.
May
had
//
to
See 132,
See 388.
"
of
quibus adlatis,
not was
ggg ^82.
patior.
accusative
clause.
1"
3.
See 331,
gge 505.
conceal
Gerund
^
that
illam
it
in that
illam
concealed.
in the right
be
b.
b.
left
^- See
dcsit-itig.
form from the preceding
untranslated.
been brought.
^^
From
i*'
From
frango.
nosco.
^^ is,
[88
463.
Quarum
sibi
love
dicuntur.
petiisse
ille
lacum
precum
464.
Lupus
iiirgi
et
[o rior^"
causam quaerens
lentam
reddidisti
possum?"
inquit,
"
"Tum,"
"Cur,"
"Huius^^ anni
-^^
:
dixit
mihi^* maledix-
initio
"equidem natus
Atque
de avia mea."
^^
nondumeram."
ita
agnum
dilaniat.
Societatem iunxerant
leo,
Praeda'**
Prima
"
separated from
stultitiam.
^
inquit,
inquit agnus,
465.
Supe-
quondam
" Qu5modo
aquam ? "
Agnus timens
"a te enim aqua ad me decurrit." Ille
paenituit.
eas
11
its
^ Order
noun by one or more words.
^ captae perirent
and when by him.
a quo cum,
paenituit,
it
"mihi
huius anni.
From
nascor.
i''
praeda
repented them
initio
16
"^
^^
From
maledixisti
they
repello.
:
^^ hijius
1.
13,
earum
see 353,
^"^
repented.
see p. 186,
ut
6.
See 489.
annI initio
and note
4.
FABLES
"
ait,
Mea
est
Tollam
Tertiam vindicat
et
189
meus.
Quartam^ qui
adrogare voluerit,
sibi
is ^
vellet
466.
^"^
nem5
tintinnabulum adnecteret,
fell
Fabula docet,
repertus
^-
in
in
467.
^^
tur,
unt
ibi
ixlso.
aliis
if
to be,
"^^
propositis, after
^
11
but that
of wounds
could do.
of
Gerund
many
i"
see 365.
are.
see 165.
The
posse.
'^^
too
accusative
the question
i-
Supply
had
What
accusative
other proposals
nia>ty
putaverunt preceded.
literally
^'^
senti-
moritur, 20
have
15
cervam
literally?
subject
Mox
latere et sagittis
2 Order
^ is
is qui voluerit adrogare quartam sibi sciat.
* se habiturum
him know ; see 339, a.
supply esse; himself to
be about to
tis
foliis
mani-
Folia agitan-
vitis carpere.
statim revertuntur.
volnerant.
sciat, let
et
Interea venatores
progrediuntur.
as
10
est.
and
been
bestia.
made.
are
mul-
What
^
literally?
infinitive
''
The
used
plurimos esse
a.
^*
190
sed moriens dicit
tegebat, nocere^
viti,
me
quae
468.
Non umquam
Romam
(B.C.
venit.
Romanes
?)
cum
cepit.
invasit
508
restituend5s Tarquinios
urbem demigrant
agris in
ad"'
ex
praesidiis.
10
Pons Sublicius iter paene hostibus dedit,^ nisi unus vir fuisset,
Horatius Codes, illocognomineappellatus, quod in alio proelio
oculum amiserat.^ Is, extrema pontis parte occupata,^" aciem
hostium solus sustinuit, donee pons a tergo interrumperetur."
armatus in
Ipsa audacia obstupefecit hostis ponte rescisso
Tiberim desiluit et multis ^^ superincidentibus telis incolumis
^-^
ad suos
tranavit.
publice
15 agri
Statua quoque
Cum
Porsena
stantiae,
necem
posita.^*
adiit
veniam^^
et
ought not
to
in castra Porse-
Adverb.
''
^alia
- I,ook on a classical
(modern Tuscany) north of Rome.
have injured.
walls.
con-
petiit,
its
Romanae
transfugiendi
Accepta potestate,
regis repromittens.
See 429.
of
Comitio
Romam
senatum
nae venit.
map
ei in
469.
20
datum
With
by the Tiber
'j
tuta; by reason
being between.
^ From amitto.
For dedisset, would have allowed a passage (iter).
'^11 That is, by the Romans.
From rescindo.
13 That is, by Codes.
i veniam transfugiendi, /as-^r of
" Supply est.
though many, etc.
'^'^
deserting
= pertnission
to desert.
ROMAN HISTORY
STOR/ES FROM
constitit.
rege pari
IQI
et scriba
cum
'^
pimiens quod
in
nem amoveri ab
remunerans,
Qua
rasse.
trecentos
ait
re ille territus
sui
"^
altaribus iussit.
eum
adversus
similis''
coniu-
470.
Cum*
haud procul ab
eius castra
tiatum
primo
est,
Tiberim
Tum
quos
ipsa
vellet
Roman! eam ex
donaturum
^^
foedere
eam
admlratus^^
15
se dixit, permisitque
^*
obsidibus
Productis
legeret.
^^
legates misit ad
Romam
obsidem reposcendam.
Cloeliam
restituerunt.
Quod
traiecit.
incensus ira
ille
Cloelia
In
vere."
pari
accendo
order
peccavisset.
^^
quod ubi
equo
translate as
From
1*
redeo.
See
se
1*
adrepto from
this.
12
13
^^
gee
1.
with
it
From
egredior, active in
reposceret; 566429.
p. iSS,
Full form
From
if
donatiirum se
^^
"^
pertrahS.
See 347.
since.
similis.
^^
b.
note 9 on egressa.
give.
From
*
see 386,
adripio.
meaning
highest part
Capitol.
of.
20
192
471.
C.
adulescens,^
5
Cum
adolevit.^
rediit nisi
multis
Puer patre
est.
quibus
proeliis,
facere
coepisset
numquam
interfuit,
stipendia
prima'*
493-488?)
(B.C.
cumque
audiret filium
ilia
demum
videret, turn
quam
In omni
ut matri pla-
''
Consul factus
magno pretio
dandum populo ciiravit, ut plebs agros, non seditiones coleret.
Qua de causa damnatus ad Volscos infestos tunc Romanis
Imperator a
confugit eosque adversus Romanos concitavit.
gravi* annona advectum^ e Sicilia frumentum
lo
agrum Romanum
est populatus.
Roma
15
20
Missi sunt
flexerunt.^^
viri pariter
Turn Veturia,
Coriolani mater, et Volumnia uxor, duos parvos filios secum
Ubi matrem adspexit
trahens, castra hostium petierunt.
Coriolanus: "O patria," inquit, "vicisti iram meam admotis
^"'
From
adolesco.
= had
= vel alio.
(as a soldier)
**
aliove
annona,
is
/;;
titne
prima
12
From
See
fleets.
service.
to
in his yottth.
dandum
p. iSi,
1.
admotis
gravi
(esse).
to the
and
21,
of extreme scarcity.
1*
had begun
11
coepisset,
l"
From
fitore.
note.
preeibus, by
i-
ROMA A HISTORY
STORIES FROM
193
Romano
abduxit.
occisus^ dicitur.
472.
Romae nuntiatum
Id ubi
obsiderent
tra hostes
quanta^
fuit,
cum autem
si
omnium
con- 10
Romani,
colebat agrum.
Ad "
tantus''
T. Quinctius Cincinnatus
adflictam restitueret.
eius cir-
est,
in
quem
458)
AequI"* cdnsulem
I.
cumsessos tenebant.
(B.C.
^^
Salute
ofifenderunt.
^^
uxorem Raciliam
rio proferre
iussit, ut senattis
mandata
toga- 13
tus audiret.
II.
salutant
cinnatus
deductus
whose sake.
map
a classical
^
tantus
on parum
to be
est.
venit
et
sit,"
exponunt.
From
complector.
Supply
esse.
quanta, so great
it
"^
how great
as great as.
it
messengers
who were
p. 177,
1.
5,
Look on
Rome.
Depends
dictator be appointed.
and note.
i-
sent to him.
What
literally
saldte
^"^
From
pleased a dictator
they
restitueret: see
legati, the
Cin-
antecedentibus lictoribus 20
appointed
eum
exercitu
in
Romam
igitur
domum
"^for
quantus terror
qui
11
ad
reddita,
abstergeo.
De-
^^
state.
when
^^
See
194
dione
victos
liberate,
triumphans ingressus
tus
5
DuctP
'^
Urbem
misit.
praeda onus-
iugum
sub
hostis
est.
''
473.
(B.C.
361)
I.
10 agrestis
mane
git.
^^
stans se
eum transfixurum
Cultr5 succinctus^^
laudabile.
tione desistat.
15
^^
urbem atque a porta c5nfestim ad Pomponium perIntroductus cultrum stringit et super lectum Pomponi
in
^^
Ea
res adulescenti
est et
erat
1
Romanus ab urbe
Pons
For
translation,
compare
353,
6.
The
in
abdicavit
*
See
From
praefero
see 187
196, 2,
and
and
197,
supply sunt.
^
188.
2.
patri
Supply
Depends on
.
medio
vacuum
consisted of two spears set upright and a third laid across them.
sunt.
profec-
in
esse, that
"^
for.
for his father^s trial {for his father), that is, for banishing his son.
^'^
Subject
girding himself
in point of Hal affection; see 374.
accusative of transfixurum (esse), and refers to Manlius, subject of minatur.
'^'^
13
"^"^
" See
348, 2, and
above Rome.
a.
^^
^^
Yxqvs\
^^
Limits
ROMAN HISTORY
STORIES FROM
pontem
processit
pugnam,
eventus
ut
Tum
fuit.
fortissimum habet,
certaminis nostri
Diu
silentium
quam
et
"Roma
nunc," inquit,
195
inter primores
is
procedat^ ad
iuvenum Romanorum
"Iniussu tuo," inquit, " imperator, extra ordinem numquam pugnaverim,'' non si certam victoriam videam.
Si tu permittis, volo isti beluae ostendere me ex ea familia
torem pergit
10
perge et
transfodit
iacenti^
torquem
Defixerat paver
respersum^
cum admiratione
Gal-
Romani
los.
alacres
nomen accepit.
Idem Manlius, postea consul
15
20
inde Torquati
IV.
nem
pugnaret.
hostium
'
1 quam
quem
.
R5ma
*
habet
filius
potuit,
in
the
procedat: translate as
;
from him
eius
accessit
prope stationem
What
stood:
is
literally?
Translate ^s
macte
pluck!
is
Forte
'girds himself.
as he
Compare
succlnctus, p. 194,
^ From respergS.
from iacio.
ne, and num, forms of quis mean
^'^
a;/y,
1.
10,
and note
any
11.
one, anything.
si, nisi,
25
196
agnovit,^
"
Oblitus
in
ruit et
"^
'*
10
obstupuere
sed
omni deinde
redeunti
tunc
eum
et
474.
et
cruor,
est
Romam
^-
seni5res tantum^^
15
Manlio
in
cum Romani
Bello Gallico
(B.C.
349)
in stationibus quieti
^*
tempus
20
^''
medium armatus processit. Tunc res visu ^* mirabilis accinam cum iam manum consereret Valerius, repente
disse fertur
in
From agnosco.
From obliviscor.
1
The
^
excussum
compare 353,6.
From
great numbers.
oportet
^3
Adverb, only.
with terrerent.
1"
Compare
p. 193,
^^
translate
Ales non
Compare
restituas
See
507.
oportet ut restituas.
i-
362,
2.
by two verbs
lego.
.
transfixit
in
^'Mn
Depends on obviam.
i^ po not confound
i-*
An
^i''
note
S.
^^
See 372,
2,
and 374.
ROMAN HISTORY
STORIES FROM
solum captam
tamen
97
Hostem
unguibus adpetiit.
conspectli
dictus
Corvus
lisque simul ac
e
elatus
orientem
petit.
PYRRHUS MAKES
475.
(k.c.
280-275)
rex,
est
consul
I.
Tarentinis
'^
bellum indictum
iussit
est.
est.
Laevinus, qui,
10
dimitti, ut ea
" iam hostes pedem referrent, rex elephanRomanorum agmen agi iussit quo facto mutata est
fortuna.
Romanos vastorum'^ corporum moles terri-
in
proeli
bilisque*^
conspectu
etiam,
odore beluarum
et
exterriti,
finem
proelio
fecit.
II.
sessores vel
Nox
summo
in
honore habuit
captam
literally.'
'flying
away; from
194,
1.
when
at last.
enormous
'
vastorum
^
size.
See
lectively; so voltii.
12
brevi
Find Epirus
16.
their
luitk.
15
Equi
11
p. 1S8,
178,
1.
Ablative of
brevi tempore.
effero.
1.
18,
and note
and note.
5,
5.
'^'^
wounds, used
Subject accusacol-
best translated
20
198
terrarum subegissem."
itineribus contendit
castra
Pyrrho^
posuit.
obviam
Deinde
erant.
Campaniam
in
senatu de redimendis
"
captivis
se recepit
legates
missos**
honorifice
excepit
10 virtiite,
Erat
III.
sunt Tarentini.
dominum
accepisse, sortem
vocibus querebantur,
liberls
15
enim
se pro socio
intellexissent
suam
solet
Itaque arces-
fessio
culpae
Nam cum
discussit.
num ^^
20
multo
pliira
malebat vini
graviora dicturi
et
^^
quam hominum
^^
fuimus."
Pyrrhus,
qui
e5s dimisit.
Pyrrho obviam
compare Manlio
obviam, p. 196,
^ With esse
and wheti the king saw this.
^ tot
quam see 332.
quot, so matty
as.
Compare p. 193, ]. 6, and note.
the ambassadors who were sent.
Compare
rex,
"^
solet.
13
See 255,
^'^
because.
dicturi fuimus,
the
rt.
" See
1*
298.
13.
1.
see 115.
how many
missos
364,
^"^
I.
et
8.
.
quo vIso
eandem
as ?nany
legates,
Subject of
WAR
CAESAR: GALLIC
CAESAR: GALLIC WAR,
Aduaiuci prepare
77/ 1-
Aduatuci,*
to
make a
(n.c. 57)
desperate resistance
cum omnibus
qui
99
{Adapted)
476.
I.
H, 29-33
copiis
auxilio^
Nerviis
domum
reverte-
ex*^
et
muro munierant et
in muro conlo-
praeacutas trabis
cabant.
From
Ac primo^ adventu
II.
Romans
cum
tendebant
postea, vallo
decim milium
^"
Ubi,
vineis
^-
nostris con-
in circuitu quin-
circummuniti, oppido
crebrisque castellis
continebant.
sese
pedum duodecim ^
actis
aggere
^^
exstructo,
1 Look on a map of Gaul in the northeastern part, about the river Mosa
(now Meuse), in what is now Belgium.
-for an aid = to aid ; see 348
^ The reference is to a battle in which the Nervii had been
and 349.
almost annihilated.
a circuit
this toT.vn.
ex
partibus,
from
all parts in
On
the sepa-
^ on, as in line 4.
from partibus, see p. 188, 1. 5, note 5.
^
^ primo
nostri
as
Do not translate which place, but this place.
^ That is, in height.
What literally ?
soon as our army got there.
^i oppido = in oppido.
i- vineis actis (actis from
Supply pedum.
These vincae were wooden
that the vineae had been got readyago)
sheds, open in front and rear, used to protect men who were working to
undermine a wall or fill up a ditch in front of fortifications. They were
about eight feet high, of like width, and double that length, covered with
raw hides to protect them from being set on fire, and moved on wheels or
rollers.
See p. 155.
ration of omnibus
1''
200
But soon
III.
^^
and offer
to
''
qui-
turrim
surrender
adpropinquare moenibus
et
10 gerere,
promovere possint
^^
Unum ^'
permittunt.
petunt
si
^'
Omnes
Sibi
^^
praestet,
si
in
See 479, c
was being
raised.
increpitare
""with
^a\i tacato ST^aXio, so far azvay.
What literally ?
what hands, pray ? nam is added for emphasis, to point their sarcasm.
6 Not from vir.
To the taller Belgians the Romans looked like " little
vocibus, AjA
'^
chaps."
Compare
two
1-
upon
since
for
siege
their wall.
.
1*
lines below.
meaning
Roman
unacquainted with
they can.
his usual.
ponderis, p. 199,
1.
8.
^^ to
^^
^^
be
moved
was moving.
''^^
be better for
them
deducantur
praestet
^^
arms; see
is
From
11
.
despoliet,
ne
but better translated shall decide or decides.
he (Caesar) would not deprive them of their arms.
they should deliver up their
The Aduatuci,
357, a.
'^
1"
despoliet, that
traditis armis, //
sibi praestet,
/'/
woidd
eum casum,
^'
such a condition.
praestet, si
WAR
CAESAR: GALLIC
T/iey
201
Ad
IV.
quam
imperabo ne quam
finitimisque
Romani
facere
'
inferant."
dixerunt.
sam quae
erat
populi
iniuriam dediticiis
summam**
ut prope
est,
tamen
perspectum^
atque in oppido
die pace
^^
retenta
est,
et
celata
^"
lo
est.
./
V,
exire iussit.
est,
denique
^^
^^
vigilia,
according
to
my
"
custom.
beam
long, strong
It
of wood, furnished
in
a wall.
See illustration,
armis
traditis.
Compare
common meaning
*
it
See
p. 195,
may be
418,
b.
9.
24,
of
in
^
^^
Supply
^'
our commanders
i- consilio
servaturos (esse).
^*
at
5,
p. 200,
and
the
'v[i\\.Q,
any
summam
make a
1.
13,
and
^
ablative
note.
* nisi
denoting persons.
to
note.
"One would
I''
est.
1.
with nouns in
and note.
so translated.
kept quiet.
note
1.
200,
p.
202.
p.
forming a plan
altitudinem, top.
See
from
inito
ineo.
^'
See
rate.
^^
tertia vigilia
the
Romans
i"
-where.
divided
15
202
omnibus
copiis
Celeriter,
ut ante Caesar
facta, ex
imperarat,^ ignibus
'^
significatione
Ibi
est.
pugnatum
est acriter
5
omnis spes
virtute
Occisis
salutis consisteret.
ad^hominum
Ab
Caesar vendidit.
eum
1
relatus
^^
p. 201,
p.
cum
virtijte,
91,
What
Iva^txll,
"booty" included
cattle.
13
From
5,
eius oppidi
^^
universam
numerus ad
* in
13.
literally
Compare
all
What
'
literally
their (the
^^
was reported
to be
Romans')
since.
I
Compare
about, adverb.
the inhabitants.
refero
by fire signals.
note.
from
its
1.
and note
14,
1.
sectionem"
intellectum est,
iis
none."
1^
redoubt.
postridie
Emphatic
" The
^3,000.
in
Battering Ram
APPENDIX
TABLES OF
DECLENSION, CONJUGATION, ETC.
NOUNS
FIRST DECLENSION A-Stems
477.
Plural
Singular
Terminations
Terminations
Nom.
hasta
-a
hastae
-ae
Gen.
hastae
-ae
hastarum
-arum
Dat.
hastae
-ae
hastis
-IS
Ace.
hastam
-am
hastas
-as
Abl.
hasta
-a
hastis
-IS
478.
Plu:ral
Singular
Te rminations
Terminations
Masc.
Masc.
Nom.
hortus
-us
horti
-1
Gen.
horti
-i
hortorum
-orum
Dal.
horto
-6
hortis
-is
Ace.
hortum
-um
hortSs
-6a
Abl.
horto
-6
hortis
-is
203
204
Plural
Sing ULAR
Terminations
Terminations
Neut.
Xeut.
Nom.
donum
-um
dona
-a
-orum
Gen.
doni
-i
dcnorum
Dat.
dono
-6
donls
-Is
Ace.
donum
-um
d5na
-a
Abl.
dono
-6
ddnis
-Is
a.
The
in -e
horte.
Singular
Nom.
puer
ager
vir
Gen.
puerl
agri
virT
fill, -ii
Dat.
puer5
agro
viro
fllio
Ace.
puerum
agrum
virum
fllium
AM.
puero
agro
viro
fllio
Nom.
puerl
agrI
viri
fllil
Gen.
puerorum
agrorum
virSrum
flliorum
Dat.
pueris
agris
viris
filils
Ace.
pueros
agros
viros
filios
Abl.
pueris
agrls
viris
flliis
fllius
Plural
a.
The
vocative singular of
filius is fill.
THIRD DECLENSION
479.
M.
Mute Stems
Singular
Terminations
M. &
F.
N.
Nom.
rex
miles
virtus
caput
-s or
Gen.
regis
mllitis
virtutis
capitis
-is
-is
Dat.
regi
mllitl
virtuti
capiti
-I
-I
Ace.
regem
militem
virtutem
caput
-em
Abl.
rege
mllite
virtu te
capita
-e
-e
APPENDIX
205
I'LURAI.
Terminations
M. U
reges
niilites
virtutes
rcgum
mlHtum
virtu turn
regibus
militibus
virtutibus
reges
mllites
virtutes
regibus
militibus
virtutibus
It.
capita
N.
V.
-es
-a
capitum
-um
-um
capitibus
-ibus
-ibus
capita
-es
-a
capitibus
-ibus
-ibus
Liquid Stems
Singular
homo
hom inis
hom ini
hominem
hom ine
pater
patris
patri
patrem
patre
volnus
corpus
volneris
corporis
volneri
corpori
volnus
corpus
volnere
corpore
hom ines
hominum
volnera
corpora
volnerum
corporum
hominibus
homines
hominibus
volneribus
corporibus
Plural
patres
patrum
patribus
patres
patribus
c.
volnera
corpora
volneribus
corporibus
I-Stems
Singular
Terminations
M. &
hostis
nubes
urbs
animal
F.
N.
-s
-is
hostis
nubis
urbis
animalis
-is
host!
nubi
urbi
animal!
-1
hostem
nubem
urbem
animal
-em
hoste
nube
urbe
animali
-e
-i
-I
Plural
hostes
nubes
urbes
animalia
-es
-ia
hostium
nubium
urbium
animalium
-ium
-ium
hostibus
nubibus
urbibus
animalibus
-ibus
-ibus
urbis, -es
animalia
-Is.
urbibus
animalibus
-ibus
hostibus
nubibus
-es -ia
-ibus
2o6
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
Norn.
Ignis
Ignes
turris
turres
turrium
Gen.
Ignis
Ignium
turris
Dat.
Igni
ignibus
turri
Ace.
Ignem
Ignis,
turrim,
AM.
Igni, -e
Ignibus
-ei
turribus
-
em
turris, -es
turribus
turri, -e
480.
Singular
Terminations
Terminations
Neut.
Masc.
cornu
-u
cornus
-us
cornu
-u
-um
cornu
-ii
-u
cornu
-u
Norn.
gradus
Gen.
Dat.
gradus
-us
gradui (-u) -ui (-u)
Ace.
gradum
Abl.
gradu
-us
Plural
Norn.
gradus
-us
cornua
-ua
Gen.
graduum
-uum
cornuum
-uum
Dat.
gradibus
-ibus (-ubus)
cornibus
-ibus (-ubus)
Ace.
gradus
-us
cornua
-ua
Abl.
gradibus
-ibus (-ubus)
cornibus
-ibus (-ubus)
481
Terminations
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Norn.
dies
dies
res
res
-es
-es
Gen.
diei
dierum
rei
rerum
-ei
-erum
Dat.
diel
diebus
rei
rebus
-ii
-ebus
Ace.
diem
dies
rem
res
-em
-es
Abl.
die
diebus
re
rebus
-e
-ebus
APPENDIX
207
SPECIAL PARADIGMS
482.
Singular
A^or/t,
cleus
domus
Gen.
del
donius,
Dat.
deo
domul, -6
Ace.
deum
Abl.
deo
Noin.
del, dii, di
Gen.
deorum, deum
Dat.
senex
VIS
senis
visi
seni
vP
domum
senem
vim
domo, -u
sene
vi
domiis
senes
vires
domuum, -orum
senum
virium
domibus
senibus
viribus
Aee.
deos
donios, -us
senes
viris,
Abl.
domibus
senibus
viribus
IVom.
iter
bos
mare
luppiter
Gen.
itineris
bovis
maris
lovis
-1
Plural
-es
Singular
Dat.
itineri
bovi
mari
lovi
Aee.
iter
bovem
mare
lovem
Abl.
itinere
bove
mari
love
No in.
itinera
boves
maria
Gen.
itinerum
maribus
Plural
Dat.
itineribus
bovum, bourn
bobus, bubus
Aee.
itinera
boves
maria
Abl.
itineribus
bobus, bubus
maribus
The
208
ADJECTIVES
FIRST
483.
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
bonus
bonum
Gen.
boni
Dat.
bono
bona
bonae
bonae
Ace.
bonum
bonam
bonum
Abl.
bono
bona
bono
Nom.
boni
bonae
Gen.
bonorum
bonarum
bonorum
Dat.
bonis
bonis
bonis
Ace.
bonos
bonas
bona
Abl.
bonis
bonis
bonis
boni
bono
Plural
bona
Singular
Fem.
Neut.
Notn.
iTber
libera
llberum
ITberi
Masc.
Gen.
llberi
llberae
Dat.
llbero
iTberae
iTbero
Ace.
llberum
llberam
iTberum
AbL
llbero
libera
ITbero
No in
iTberi
llberae
iTbera
Gen.
iTberorum
llberarum
ITberorum
Dat.
iTberis
llberis
ITberis
Ace.
Hberos
iTberas
iTbera
AbL
llberis
ITberis
ITberis
Plural
APPENDIX
209
Singular
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
piger
pigra
pigrum
pigri
Gen.
pigri
pigrae
Dat.
pigro
pigrae
pigro
Ace.
pigrum
pigram
pigrum
Abl.
pigro
pigra
pigro
Plural
iXoiii.
pigrI
pigrae
pigra
Gen.
pigrorum
pigrarum
pigrorum
Dat.
pigris
pigris
pigris
Ace.
pigros
pigras
pigra
Abl.
pigris
pigris
pigris
THIRD DECLENSION
484.
Singular
M. &
Nom
audax
Singular
M. &
N.
F.
audax
N.
V.
brevis
breve
brevis
Gen.
audacis
audacis
brevis
Dat.
audaci
audaci
brevi
brevi
Ace.
audacem
audax
brevem
breve
Abl.
audaci, -e
audaci, -e
brevi
brevi
Plural
Plirai
Nom.
audaces
audacia
breves
brevia
Gen.
audacium
audacium
brevium
brevium
Dat.
audacibus
audacibus
brevibus
brevibus
Ace.
audacis, -es
audacia
brevis, -es
brevia
Abl.
audacibus
audacibus
brevibus
brevibus
Plural
Singular
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
acer
acris
acre
Masc.
Fem.
acres
acres
Neut.
acria
Gen.
acris
acris
acris
acrium
acrium
acrium
Dat.
acri
acri
acri
acribus
acribus
acribus
Ace.
acrem
acrem
acre
acris, -es
acris, -es
acria
Abl.
acri
acri
acri
acribus
acribus
acribus
2IO
485.
Plural
Singular
M. &
M. & F.
N.
F.
N.
Norn.
amans
amans
amantes
amantia
Gen.
amantis
amantis
amantium
amantium
Dat.
amanti
amanti
amantibus
amantibus
Ace.
amans
amantis, -es
amantia
Abl.
amantem
am ante, -i
amante,
amantibus
amantibus
N'ofn.
iens
iens
euntes
euntia
Gen.
euntis
euntis
euntium
euntium
Dat.
eunti
eunti
euntibus
euntibus
Ace.
euntem
iens
euntis, -es
euntia
Abl.
eunte,
eunte,
euntibus
euntibus
-i
-i
-i
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
486.
Plural
Singular
Masc.
Neut.
Fem.
Masc.
Fem
Neut.
Nom.
alius
alia
aliud
alii
aliae
alia
Gen.
alius
alius
alius
aliorum
aliarum
aliorum
Dat.
alii
alii
alii
aliis
aliis
aliis
Ace.
alium
aliam
aliud
alios
alias
alia
Abl.
alio
alia
alio
aliis
aliis
aliis
M. &
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Nom.
unus
una
unum
tres
tria
F.
N.
Gen.
vinius
unius
unius
trium
trium
Dat.
uni
uni
uni
tribus
tribus
Ace.
unum
unam
unum
tris,
Abl.
uno
una
uno
tribus
Nojn.
duo
duae
duo
mille
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
tres
Sing.
tria
tribus
Plur.
milia
Gen.
duorum
duarum
duorum
mille
milium
Dat.
duobus
duabus
mllle
mllibus
Ace.
duos, d lO
duas
Abl.
duobus
duabus
duobus
duo
duobus
mille
milia
mille
milibus
APPENDIX
211
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
481
COMFAKATIVK
Positive
Superlative
-um
-um
audacissimus, -a, -um
miserrimus, -a, -um
acerrimus, -a, -um
alius (alto-)
altior, altius
altissi\nus, -a,
brevis (brevi-)
brevior, brevius
brevissimus,
audax (audaci-)
audacior, audacius
miser (misero-)
miserior, miserius
acer (acri-)
acrior, acrius
-a,
DECLENSION OF COMPARATIVES
488.
Plural
SlNGU] -AR
M. &
A' out.
altior
M. &
N.
V.
N.
F.
altius
altiores
altiora
Gen.
altioris
altioris
altiorum
altiorum
Dat.
altiori
altiori
alti5ribus
altioribus
Ace.
altiorem
altius
altiores, -Is
altiora
Abl.
altiore, -i
altiore, -i
altioribus
altioribus
Norn.
plus
plures
plura
Gen.
pluris
plurium
plurium
pluribus
pluribus
Dat.
Ace.
plus
pluris, -es
plura
Abl.
plure
pluribus
pluribus
IRREGULAR COMPARISON
489.
Comparative
TOSITIVE
-um
malus, -a, -um
magnus, -a, -um
bonus,
multus,
-a,
-a,
-um
-um
maximus, -a, -um
optimus,
peior, peius
pessimus,
-a,
plurimus,
-a,
maior, maius
-um^
,
multi, -ae, -a
Superlative
melior, melius
plus
-a,
-um
-um
minor, minus
minimus,
-a,
senex, senis
senior
maximus
natu
iuvenis, -e
iOnior
minimus natu
vetus, veteris
vetustior, -ius
veterrimus,
parvus,
-a,
-um
-a,
-um
Positive
Superlative
humilis, -e
humilior, -ius
gracilis, -e
gracilior, -ius
-um
-um
simillimus, -a, -um
dissimillimus, -a, -um
humillimus, -a, -um
gracillimus, -a, -um
exterior, outer,
extremus
facilis, -e
facilior, -ius
difficilis, -e
difficilior,
-ius
similis, -e
similior, -ius
dissimilis, -e
dissimilior, -ius
exterus,
outward
facillimus, -a,
difficillimus, -a,
otitermost.
exterior
last
inferus, below
Inferior,
posterus, following
posterior, later
postremus
superus, above
superior, higher
postumus
supremus
lower
infimus
lowest
imus
J
summus
[cis, citra,
on this side^
within]
citerior, hither
interior,
inner
former
prior,
[prope, near]
propior, nearer
beyond]
[ultra,
ulterior,
further
last
J
highest
citimus, hithermost
intimus, inmost
primus, frst
proximus, next
ultimus, firthest
COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
490.
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
care (carus)
carius
misere (miser)
miserius
miserrime
acriter (acer)
acrius
acerrime
facile (facilis)
facilius
facillime
bene (bonus)
melius
optime
male (malus)
peius
pessime
multum (multus)
plOs
plurimum
parum,
little
diu, long,
a long time
saepe, often
carissime
minus
minime
diutius
diijtissime
saepius
saepissime
APPENDIX
213
NUMERALS
491.
Cardinals
ORniNALS
-um
primus,
2.
-um
duo, duae, duo
3.
tres, tria
tertius
4.
quattuor
quartus
5.
quTnque
quintus
6.
sex
sextus
7.
septem
Septimus
8.
octa
octavus
9.
novem
nonus
10.
decern
decimus
11.
undecim
undecimus
12.
duodecim
13.
tredecim
duodecimus
tertius decimus
14.
quattuordecim
quartus decimus
15.
quindecim
quintus decimus
16.
sedecim ^r sexdecim
sextus decimus
7.
septendecim
Septimus decimus
18.
duodevTgintI
duodevlcesimus
19.
undevlginti
undevTcesimus
unus,
1.
-a,
[vigintl
'
Lunus
unus or
et vTginti
JvigintI duo or
"'Iduo
alter)
vTcesimus
vigintl
20.
-a,
secundus (or
et vlginti
vTcesimus primus or
unus
et
vicesimus
rvlcesimus secundus or
lalter et vicesimus
28.
duodetnginta
duodetrlcesimus
29.
undetrlginta
undetrlcesimus
30.
trlginta
tricesimus
40.
quadraginta
quadragesimus
50.
quTnquaginta
quinquagesimus
60.
sexaginta
sexagesimus
70.
septuaginta
septuagesimus
80.
octoginta
octogesimus
90.
nonaginta
n5nas:esimus
214
Cardinals
Ordinals
centum
loo.
centesimus
fcentum unus or
fcentesimus primus or
Lcentum
Icentesimus
loiA
et
unus
primus
et
200.
ducenti, -ae, -a
300.
trecentl
trecentesimus
400.
quadringenti
quadringentesimus
ducentesimus
500.
quingenti
qulngentesimus
600.
sescenti or sexcentl
sescentesimus
septingentesimus
700.
septingenti
800.
octingentT
octingentesimus
900.
n5ngentl
nongentesimus
mille
millesimus
1000.
duo milia
100,000. centum milia
2000.
bis millesimus
centies millesimus
PRONOUNS
PERSONAL
492.
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Nam.
ego
nos
tu
vos
Gen.
mel
nostriini, -tri
tul
vestriim,
sui
sui
Dat.
mihi
nobis
tibi
vobis
sibi
sibi
Ace.
me
me
n5s
te
vos
se,
sese
se,
sese
ndbls
te
vobIs
se,
sese
se,
sese
AM.
DEMONSTRATIVE
49S.
Singular
Plural
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Norn.
hlc
haec
hoc
hi
hae
haec
horum
Gen.
huius
huius
hiiius
horum
harum
Dat.
huic
huic
huic
his
his
his
Aee.
hunc
hoc
hanc
hoc
hos
has
haec
hac
hoc
his
his
his
AM.
APPENDIX
215
Singular
Plural
Neut.
Masc.
Fem.
Masc.
Fem.
ille
ilia
illud
illl
iUae
illlus
illius
illTus
illorum
illarum
illorum
ill!
ill!
illf
illis
iUTs
illTs
ilium
illam
illud
iUos
illas
ilia
illo
ilia
ilia
illls
iUTs
illls
Norn,
is
ea
id
11,
eae
ea
Gen.
eius
eius
eius
eorum
Dat.
el
el
ils,
Ace.
eum
earn
eos
Abl.
eo
ea
iis,
Neut.
ei
els
ilia
earum
ils,
els
iis,
els
ils,
ea
eas
els
eorum
els
eis
ils,
Novi.
iste
ista
istud
istl
istae
ista
Gen.
istlus
istius
istlus
istorum
istarum
istarum
Dat.
istl
istl
istl
istis
istls
istls
Ace.
istum
istam
istud
istos
istas
ista
Abl.
ista
ista
isto
istls
istis
istls
fildem
Idem
e'adem
idem
eldem
eldem
eldem
eadem
eodem
e'adem
eaedem
leldem
eorundem earundem earundem
fiisdem
ilsdem
iisdem
\^^^^^^
easdem
.j^^em
elsdem
easdem
e'adem
Jilsdem
iisdem
ilsdem
\elsdem
elsdem
eisdem
ipsa
Nom.
ipse
ipsa
ipsum
ipsT
ipsae
Gen.
ipsTus
ipsTus
ipsTus
ipsorum
ipsarum
ipsorum
Dat.
ipsT
ipsT
ipsT
ipsTs
ipsTs
ipsis
Ace.
ipsum
ipsam
ipsum
ipsos
ipsas
ipsa
Abl.
ipso
ipsa
ipso
ipsis
ipsTs
ipsis
2l6
RELATIVE
m.I
Plural
Singular
Fem.
Neut.
Masc.
Fem.
Neut.
Masc.
Nom.
qui
quae
quod
qui
quae
quae
qu5rum
Gen.
cuius
cuius
cuius
quorum
quarum
Dai.
cui
cui
cui
quibus
quibus
quibus
Ace.
quern
quam
quos
quas
quae
AM.
quo
qua
quod
qu5
quibus
quibus
quibus
INTERROGATIVE
495.
Plural
Singular
Masc
Neut.
Masc
Fem.
quid (quod)
qui
quae
Fem.
Nom.
quis (qui)
quae
Neut.
quae
Gen.
cuius
cQius
cuius
Dat.
cui
cui
cui
quibus
quibus
quibus
Ace.
quern
qu5s
quas
quae
AM.
quo
qua
quibus
quibus
quibus
quo
INDEFINITE
496.
Singular
Nom.
aliquis
aliqua
aliquid, aliquod
Gen.
alicuius
alicijius
alicuius
Dat.
alicui
alicui
alicui
Ace.
aliquem
aliquam
aliquid, aliquod
AM.
aliqu5
aliqua
aliquo
Nom.
aliqul
aliquae
Gen.
aliquorum
aliquarum
aliquorum
Dat.
aliquibus
aliquibus
aliquibus
Ace.
aliquos
aliquas
aliqua
AM.
aliquibus
aliquibus
aliquibus
Plural
aliqua
APPENDIX
217
Singular
Nom.
quidam
quaedam
quiddam, quoddam
Gen.
cuiusclam
ciiiusdam
cuiusdam
Dat.
cuidam
cuidam
cuidam
Ace.
quendam
qu5dam
quandam
quiddam, quoddam
quad am
quddam
quidam
quorundam
quibusdam
quosdam
quibusdam
quaedam
quarundam
Abl.
Plural
N^om.
Gen.
Dat.
Ace.
Abl.
quaedam
quorundam
quibusdam
quaedam
quibusdam
quibusdam
quasdam
quibusdam
REGULAR VERBS
FIRST CONJUGATION
497.
A- Verbs
amo, love
Principal Parts
Indicative
Passive Voice
Active Voice
Present
love.,
am
loving.,
do love,
etc.
am
loved, etc.
amo
amamus
amor
amamur
amas
a mat
amatis
amaris, -re
amant
amatur
amamini
amantur
Imperfect
loved,
was
/ was loved,
etc.
amabam
amabamus
amabar
amabamur
amabas
amabat
amabatis
amabaris. -re
amabamini
amabant
amabatur
aniabantur
2l8
Future
/ shall
/ shall be
love, etc.
loved, etc.
amabo
amabimus
amabor
amabimur
amabis
amabitis
amaberis, -re
aniabit
amabuiit
amabitur
amabimini
amabuntur
Perfect
/ have
loved, loved,
did
/ have
love, etc.
amavimus
amavi
amatus
amavisti
amavistis
amavit
amaverunt, -re
-;
-I
1^
sum
etc.
sumus
amati i estis
es
est
sunt
Pluperfect
I had loved,
/ had been
etc.
amaveram
amaveramus
amaveras
amaverat
amaveratis
amatus^ eras
amaverant
loved, etc.
eram
eramus
amati ^ eratis
erat
i^
erant
Future Perfect
I shall have
/ shall have
loved, etc.
amavero
amaverimus
amaveris
amaveritis
amaverit
amaverint
amatus \
1^
ero
eris
erit
amatl
[^
erimus
eritis
erunt
Subjunctive
Present
amem
amemus
amer
amemur
ames
amet
ametis
ameris, -re
ament
ametur
ameminl
amentur
Imperfect
amarem
am ares
amaremus
amarer
amaremur
amaretis
amareris, -re
amaret
amarent
amaretur
amaremiui
amarentur
^PENDIX
2]
Perfect
amaverim
amaverimus
amaveris
amaveritia
amaverit
amaverint
amavissem
amavissemiis
amavisses
amavissetis
amavisset
amavisseiit
fsim
aniatus
SU
amati
sit
simus
sItis
sint
essemus
iRFECT
essem
amatus
amati
esses
asset
-j
essetis
assent
Imperative
Present
am a,
love thou.
amamini,
be ye loved.
Future
amato, thou shall
amato, he shall
amator,
love.
love.
love.
love.
Infinitivf.
Pres. amare,
Perf. amavisse,
FuT.
amarl, to be loved.
to love.
araaturus
about
to
have
esse,
loved,
be
to
to love.
amatus esse,
[amatum
to
have been
iri], to
loved.
be about
to
be
-um,
to
be
loi'ed.
Participles
FuT.
amaturus,
-a,
-um, about
Pres.
Ger.^ amandus,
Perf.
Perf.
-a,
lo7'ed.
to love.
amatus,
-a,
-um, having
Nom.
Gen.
amandi, of loving.
Dat.
amando, for
Ace.
amandum,
AM.
amando, by
Ace.
[amatum,
AM.
[amatu,
loving.
loving.
loving.
Supine
to love.}
498.
moneo, advise
Principal Parts
Indicative
Passive Voice
Active Voice
Present
I advise,
/ am
etc.
advised, etc.
moneo
mones
monemus
moneor
monemur
monetis
moneris, -re
monet
monent
monetur
monemini
monentur
Imperfect
/ was advising,
monebani
monebas
monebat
/ ivas advised,
etc.
etc.
monebamus
monebar
monebamur
monebatis
monebaris, -re
monebant
monebatur
monebamini
monebantur
Future
/ shall
be advised, etc.
monebo
monebimus
monebor
monebimur
monebis
monebit
monebitis
moneberis, -re
monebunt
monebitur
monebimini
monebuntur
APPENDIX
Perfect
monuimus
nionuisti
monuistis
monuit
monuerunt,
etc.
I have been
fsum
monitus
es
<
sumus
moniti-i estis
[est
-re
I'LUPIiKKliCT
/ had ad^'ised,
etc.
monueram monueranius
monueras
monuerat
monitus
monueratis
monuerant
eram
eras
'!
1^
etc.
f
eramus
moniti^ eratis
erat
erant
Future Perfect
/ shall have advised,
/ sJiall have
etc.
monuero
monuerimus
monueris
monueritis
monuerit
monuerint
fero
monitus
<j
eris
[erit
erimus
moniti<! eritis
(^
erunt
Subjunctive
Present
moneam
moneamus
monear
moneamur
moneas
moneat
moneatis
monearis, -re
moneant
moneatur
moneamini
moneantur
monerem
mi>neremus
moneretis
monerent
Imperfect
moneres
moneret
monerer
moneremur
monereris, -re
moneremini
monerentur
moneretur
I'erfect
monuerim
monuerimus
monueris
monueritis
monuerit
monuerint
monitus
-1
sim
simus
sis
moniti-l sitis
sit
Isint
Plipekkkct
monuissem
monuissemus
monuisses
monuissetis
monuisset
monuissent
Tessem
monitus
-1
fessemus
l^esset
essent
Future
monetor, thou shalt be advised.
be advised.
Infinitive
Pres. monere,
moneri
to advise.
Perf. monuisse,
to
moniturus
about
to
have
beeti
ad-
vised.
vised.
FUT.
to be advised.
monitus esse,
have ad-
esse,
to
[monitum
be
iri], to be
about
to be
advised.
to advise.
Participles
Pres.
FuT.
Ger.
moniturus,
about
-a,
-um,
monendus,
-a,
-um,
to
be advised.
to advise.
Perf. monitus,
Perf.
-a,
-um, having
Gerund
Norn.
Gen.
monendi, of advising.
Dat.
Ace.
monendum,
Abl.
monendo, by advising.
Ace.
[monitum,
Abl.
advising.
Supine
to advise."]
APPENDIX
223
E- Verbs
499.
rego, rule
Principal Parts:
Indicative
Active Voice
Pass:ivE
Voice
Present
/rule,
I am
etc.
Titled, etc.
rego
regimus
regor
regimur
regis
regitis
regeris, -re
regimini
regit
regunt
regitur
reguutur
Imperfect
/ was
/ ivas
rulitig, etc.
ruled, etc.
regebam
regebamus
regebar
regebamur
regebas
regebatis
regebaris, -re
regebat
regebant
regebatur
regebamini
regebantur
Future
/ shall
/ shall
rule, etc.
be ruled, etc.
regam
regemus
regar
regemur
reges
regetis
regeris, -re
regemini
reget
regent
regetur
regentur
Perfect
/ have
ruled, etc.
rexi
reximus
rexisti
rexistis
rexit
rexerunt, -re
/ have
rsum
rectus^ es
recti
sumus
estis
[sunt
Pluperfect
/ had ruled,
etc.
rexeram
rexeramus
rexeras
rexeratis
rexerat
rexerant
/ had been
feram
rectus
<
eras
erat
ruled, etc.
f
eramus
recti
ai^ eratis
224
Future Perfect
I shall have
ruled, etc.
rexero
rexerimus
rexeris
rexeritis
rexerit
rexerint
I shall have
fero
rectus
eris
<(
recti
[erit
erimus
eritis
j
[
erunt
Subjunctive
Present
regam
regamus
regar
regamur
regas
regatis
regaris, -re
regamini
regat
regant
regatur
regantur
Imperfect
regerem
regeremus
regerer
regeremur
regeres
regeretis
regereris, -re
regeremini
regeret
regerent
regeretur
regerentur
Perfect
rexerim
rexerimus
rexeris
rexeritis
rexerit
rexerint
rexissem
rexissemus
rexisses
rexissetis
rexisset
rexissent
fsim
rectus
SIS
recti
simus
sitis
[sint
[sit
Pluperfect
r
rectus
essem
esses
recti-!
[esset
essemus
essetis
essent
Imperative
Present
rege, rule thou.
regimini, be ye ruled.
Future
regito, thou shall rule.
regitote,
ye shall
rule.
7'ule.
APPENDIX
225
Infinitive
Pres.
regere, to rule.
Perf.
FuT.
rexisse, to
esse,
recturus
about
regi, to be ruled.
have ruled.
to
be
[rectum
iri],
be about to
to
be
ruled.
to rule.
Participles
Pres.
FuT.
recturus,
-a, -urn,
Pres.
about
Gek.
regendus,
-urn, to be
-a,
ruled.
to rule.
Perf.
Perf.
rectus,
-a,
-um,
having
Gerund
Nofn.
Gen.
Dat.
regendi, of ruling.
regendo, for ruling.
Ace.
regendum,
Abl.
regendo, by ruling.
Ace.
[rectum,
Abl.
ruling.
Supine
to rule.']
500.
in -io
capi5, take
Principal Parts
Indicative
Passive Voice
Active Voice
Present
take, etc.
am
taken, etc.
capimur
capio
capimus
capior
capis
capitis
caperis, -re
capimini
capit
capiunt
capitur
capiuntur
226
/ was
taking,
/ was
etc.
taken, etc.
capiebam
capiebamus
capiebar
capiebas
capiebatis
capiebaris, -re
capiebamini
capiebat
capiebant
capiebatur
capiebautur
capiebamur
Future
/ shall
/ shall
take, etc.
be taken, etc.
capiatn
capiemus
capiar
capiemur
capies
capietis
capieris, -re
capiemini
capiet
capient
capietur
capientur
Perfect
captus sum,
Pluperfect
etc.
etc.
Future Perfect
cepero, ceperis, ceperit,
etc.
erit, etc.
.Subjunctive
Present
capiam, capias, capiat,
etc.
Imperfect
etc.
ceperim, ceperis,
etc.
Perfect
ceperit,
captus sim,
Pluperfect
cepissem,cepisses,cepisset,etc.
etc.
Imperative
Pres.
FuT.
cape, take
thojt.
capimini, be ye taken.
capitor,
etc.
etc.
thou
shalt
be
taken,
APPENDIX
227
Inkimtive
Prks.
capere, to take.
Pkrf.
captus esse,
FuT.
capturus
[captum
about
capi, to be taken.
esse,
be
to
to
iri],
to
about
be
to
be
taken.
to take.
Participles
Pres.
FuT.
capturus.
-a,
-um,
Pres.
Ger.
^(^d?7^/
capiendus,
-a,
-um,
/^ be
taken.
to take.
Perf.
Pekf.
captus,
-um, having
-a,
been taken.
Gerund
Gen.
capiendi, of taking,
etc.
Supine
Ace.
[captum,
Abl.
to take.']
501.
audio,
Principal Parts
hear
Indicative
Passive Voice
Active Voice
PRE.'iKNT
/ hear,
/ atn heard,
etc.
audimus
audio
etc.
audior
audimur
audimini
audiuntur
audis
auditis
audiris, -re
audit
audiunt
auditur
Imperfect
/ zuas heard,
etc.
audiebam
audiebamus
audiebar
audiebamur
audiebas
audiebatis
audiebaris. -re
audiebamini
audiebat
audiebant
audiebatur
audiebautur
228
Future
I shall hear,
/ shall
etc.
be heard, etc.
audiam
audiemus
audiar
audiemur
audies
audietis
audieris, -re
audiemini
audiet
audient
audietur
audientur
Perfect
/ have heard,
etc.
["sum
audlvi
audlvimus
audlvisti
audlvistis
audlvit
audlverunt, -re
auditus"! es
etc.
f
audit!
sumua
estis
sunt
l^est
Pluperfect
/ had heard,
/ had been
etc.
heard,
etc.
feramus
Teram
audiveram
audlveramus
audlveras
audiveratis
audTtus<! eras
audlti-^ eratis
audiverat
audlverant
[erat
[erant
Future Perfect
/ shall have
heard,
etc.
audivero
audiverimus
audiveris
audiveritis
auditus<; eris
audiverit
audlverint
lerit
audit!
-I
I,
etc.
erimus
eritis
erunt
Subjunctive
Present
audiam
audiamus
audiar
audiamur
audias
audiatis
audiaris,
audiamini
audiat
audiant
audiatur
audiantur
audirem
audiremus
audirer
audiremur
audires
audiretis
audireris, -re
audiremini
audiret
audirent
audiretur
audirentur
Imperfect
APPENDIX
audlverim
audiverimus
audlveris
audiveritis
audlverit
audlverint
audlvissem
audivissemiis
audivisses
audlvissetis
audivisset
audlvissent
229
sim
audlrus^ sis
I
audit!
sit
simus
sitis
-I
sint
essemus
Pluperfect
r
essem
audltus-l esses
I
audit!
essetis
essent
esset
Imperative
Present
hear thou.
audite, hear ye.
audi,
audimini. be ye heard.
Future
audits,
tJioii
shall hear.
audiuntor,
tliey
shall be heard.
Infinitive
Pres. audire,
Pf.rf. audivisse, to
FuT.
audiri, to be heard.
to hear.
audTturus
about
have heard,
esse,
to
be
auditum
iri,
to
be
about
to
be
to
be
heard.
to hear.
Participles
Pres. audieiis,
FuT.
-eiitis,
auditurus,
to hear.
Perf.
-a.
hearing.
-um, about
Pres.
Ger.
audiendus,
-a,
-um,
heard.
Perf. audltus,
-a,
-um,
having
230
Gerund
Norn.
Dai.
audiendi, of hearing.
audiendo, for hearing.
Ace.
audiendum, hearing.
AM.
audiendo, by hearing.
Gen.
Supine
audltum,
AbL
to hear.
IRREGULAR VERBS
sum, be
502.
Indicative
Present
Plural
Singular
sum, I
es,
sumus, we are.
estis, you are.
a?n.
thou art.
he {she,
est,
il) is.
Imperfect
eramus, we were.
eram, / was.
eratis,
you
were.
was.
Future
/ shall
ero,
erimus,
be.
eris,
thou wilt
erit,
he will
be.
we
eritis, yoii
shall
will
be.
be.
be.
be.
Perfect
fui,
/ have
fuisti,
fuit,
been,
was.
fuimus,
we have
fuistis, yoti
fuerunt,
fuere,
5,
have
been, were.
been,
were
APPENDIX
231
Pluperfect
fuerani,
/ had
fueramus,
been.
had
f ueratis,
FuTURi-:
been.
been.
had
been.
fuerant, they
been.
had
ive
you had
Perfect
fuerimus,
we
f ueritis,
have
been.
been.
SUBJU NCTIVE
Imperfect
Present
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Sim
simus
essem
essemus
sis
sitis'
esses
essetis
sit
sint
esset
essent
Sing.
Pluperfect
Perfect
fuerim
fuerimus
fuissem
fuissemus
fueris
fueritis
fuisses
fuissetis
fuerit
fuerint
fuisset
fuissent
Imperative
Future
Present
es, be
thou.
este, be ye.
estote,
ye shall
be.
Participle
Infinitive
Pres.
be.
esse, to be.
have
Perf.
fuisse. to
FuT.
about
to be.
been.
futiirus. -a,
-um, about
to be.
232
503.
Principal Parts
Indicative
SUBJUNiCTIVE
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
possum
possumus
possim
posslmus
potes
potestis
possis
possitis
potest
possunt
possit
possint
Impf.
poteram
poteramus
possem
possemus
FUT.
potero
poterimus
Pres.
Perf.
potuI
potuimus
potuenm
potuerimus
Plup.
potueram
potueramus
potuissem
potuissemus
F. P.
potuero
potuerimus
Infinitive
Pres.
Perf.
posse
potuisse
prosum, benefit
504.
Principal Parts
Indicative
Subjunctive
Sing.
Plur.
Sing.
Plur.
prosum
prosumus
prosim
prosTmus
prodes
prddestis
prosTs
prosltis
prodest
prosunt
prosit
prosint
Impf.
proderam
proderamus
prodessem
prodessemus
FuT.
prodero
proderimus
Pres.
Perf.
profuT
profuimus
profuerim
pr5fuerimus
Plup.
profueram
profueram us
profuissem
profuissemus
F. P.
profuerd
profuerimus
Imperative
Pres.
prodes, prodeste
Fut.
prodesto, prodestote
APPENDIX
233
Infinitive
Pres.
Pkkf.
prodesse
FuT.
profuisse
profiiturus esse
Participlk
FuT.
505.
profuturus,
V0I6, nolo,
Principal
Parts
-i
.,
-um
malo
-a,
wish
-,
Be willing, will,
-,
be
Indicative
Singular
Pres.
vols
nolo
vis
non
non
volt
vis
malo
mavis
volt
mavolt
Plural
volumus
nolumus
malumus
voltis
non
mavoltis
voltis
malunt
volunt
nolunt
Impf.
volebam
nalebam
malebam
Fur.
volam, voles,
malam, males,
Perf.
voluT
nolul
malul
Plup.
volueram
nolueram
malueram
F. P.
voluero
noluero
maluero
etc.
Subjunctive
Singular
P res.
velim
nolim
malim
veils
noils
malls
velit
nolit
malit
etc.
234
Plural
malTmus
vellmus
nolTmus
velTtis
nolTtis
malitis
velint
ndiint
malint
Impf.
vellem
nollem
Perf.
voluerim
noluerim
mallem
maluerim
Plup.
voluissem
ndluissem
maluissem
Imperative
Pres.
noli
nolTte
FUT.
nolito, etc.
Infinitive
Pres.
velle
nolle
malle
Perf.
voluisse
naluisse
maluisse
Participle
Pres.
nolens
volens
506.
carry, endure
fero, bear,
Principal Parts
Indicative
Act IVE
Pres.
Passive
ferimur
fero
ferimus
feror
fers
fertis
ferris, -re
ferimini
fert
ferunt
fertur
feruntur
Impf.
ferebam
ferebar
FUT.
feram
ferar
Perf.
tulT
latus
sum
Plup.
tuleram
latus
eram
F. P.
tulerd
latus ero
Pres.
feram
FUT.
ferrem
ferrer
Perf.
Plup.
tulerim
latus sim
tulissem
latus
Subjunctive
ferar
essem
APPENDIX
235
Imperative
Passive
Active
feriminl
Pres.
fer
ferte
ferre
FUT.
ferto
ferto te
fertor
ferto
ferunto
fertor
feruntor
Infinitive
Pres.
ferre
ferri
Perf.
tulisse
latus esse
FUT.
laturus esse
Pres.
ferens
Pres.
FUT.
Perf.
laturus
Ger.
ferendus
Perf.
latus
Participles
Gerund
Gen.
ferendl
Dat.
ferenda
Ace.
ferendum
Abl.
ferendo
507.
eo,
Principal Parts
Indicative
eo
Imus
Is
Itis
it
eunt
Tbam
go
Subjunctive
earn
itum
(p. p.
Imperative
T
Ite
Trem
Tbo
ii
ierim
ieram
Tssem
iero
ii,
'ito
Itote
Jto
euntc
236
Infinitive
Participles
Pres.
Ire
iens,
Perf.
FUT.
Isse
iturus esse
Gerund
Supine
Gen.
euiidi
Dat.
eundo
Ace.
eundum
itum
AM.
eundo
itu
508.
fio,
Principal Parts
Indicative
Pres.
euntis
fio, fieri,
factus
sum
Subjunctive
Imperative
flam
ff5
fl
fis
fiunt
fit
bam
Impf.
fie
FuT.
flam
fierem
Perf.
factus
Plup.
factus
F. P.
factus erd
sum
eram
factus sim
factus essem
Infinitive
Pres.
fieri
Perf.
factus esse
FuT.
factum
faciendus
factus
Tri
DEPONENT VERBS
509.
r
Principal
Parts:
Participles
Ger.
Perf.
1.
II.
III.
W.
sum, urge
sum,
y<?d;r
foHoiu
fIte
APPENDIX
237
Indicative
hortor
vereor
sequor
potior
hortaris, -re
vereris, -re
sequeris, -re
potlris, -re
hortatur
veretur
sequitur
potitur
hortanuir
vercmur
sequimur
potlmur
hortamini
veremini
sequiminl
potlmini
hortantur
verentur
sequuntur
potiuntur
hortabar
verebar
sequebar
potiebar
hortabor
verebor
sequar
potiar
veritus
sum
seciJtus
sum
potltus
sum
hortatus eram
veritus
eram
seciitus
eram
potitus
eram
hortatus ero
veritus ero
horter
verear
sequar
hortarer
vererer
sequerer
potirer
hortatus sim
veritus sim
secutus sim
potltus sim
hortatus essem
veritus
secutus essem
potltus
hortatus
sum
secutus ero
potltus ero
Subjunctive
essem
potiar
essem
Imperative
hortare
verere
sequere
potire
hortator
veretor
sequitor
potitor
hortarl
vererl
sequT
potiri
hortatus esse
verituc esse
secutus esse
potltus esse
hortaturus esse
veriturus esse
hortans
verens
sequens
hortaturus
veriturus
secuturus
potiturus
hortatus
veritus
secutus
potltus
hortandus
verendus
sequendus
potiendus
sequendT, etc.
potiendT, etc.
[secutum,
[potitum, -tu]
Infinitive
Participi.es
potiens
Gerund
hortandl, etc.
verendl, etc.
Supine
[hortatum, -tu]
[veritum. -tu]
-tu]
238
510.
Pres.
Impf.
F. P.
Pres.
amaturus sim
FuT.
Perf.
Plup.
amaturus
ero,
amaturus
fuT,
Subjunctive
Impf.
amaturus essem
Perf.
amaturus fuerim
Plup.
amaturus fuissem
Pres.
amaturus
esse, to be
Perf.
amaturus
fuisse, to
Infinitive
So
about
to love.
to love.
am about to advise.
recturus sum, / am about to rule.
capturus sum, / am about to take.
audlturus sum, / am about to hear.,
moniturus sum, /
etc., etc.
511.
Pres.
Impf.
FuT.
Perf.
Plup.
F. P.
Arri'lNDIX
239
Subjunctive
Pres.
IMPF.
Perf.
Plup.
amandus
amandus
amandus
amandus
sim
essem
fuerim
fuissem
Infinitive
Pres.
Perf.
amandus
amandus
So
esse, to
have io be loved.
have had to be
fuisse, to
in the
loved.
other conjugations
/ am
etc., etc.
heard,
RULES OF SYNTAX
N.B.
These
of teachers
and
1.
The
2.
3.
subject of a verb
in the
is
nominative.
subject in
its
51.
number and
person.
61.
the verb.
4.
99.
An
5. A noun used to
same person or thing, is
6.
The
7.
is
taken.
is
257.
92.
10.
like,
The
indirect object
Adjectives
and
11.
is
meaning
in the dative.
near,
also
fit,
The
dative
is
used with
est,
318,
and
2.
79.
friendly, p/easi?ig,
117.
sunt, etc., to
it
case.
8.
limit another,
in the genitive.
partitive genitive
which a part
and
noun which
III.
limits.
denote the
115.
resist, serve,
and
spare,
and the
like,
241
393.
242
13.
Many
verbs
compounded with
15.
person
16.
tive.
17.
not
whither,
Place
names
including
the accusa-
is in
57.
is
towns,
of
is
160.
in.
278.
19.
The
The
ablative
of an action,
21.
of
The
but cum
23.
The
The
cum
may
is
be omitted
tive.
25.
is
or within which
165.
is
307.
188.
Place
7ahcrc,
used
true.
is
129.
ablative
Time when
viaiine}-
an adjective
if
expressed
124.
ablative with
an action
22.
is
is
208.
ab.
The
ablative
is
(ab),
used to denote
de,
is
expressed
81.
of
towns,
e (ex).
in ivhat respect a
is
159.
thing
is
374.
is
followed
250.
RULES OF SYNTAX
29.
Degree of difference
30.
These
and
is
deponents,
five
cause, condition, or
main verb.
32.
264.
their
31.
243
3S8.
express
the time,
358.
Words
33.
is
ab,
232.
ex.
de,
197,
i-
rus.
(2)
Place whither
is
34.
197,
3.
relative
some word
35.
in its
or pluperfect.
38.
297.
is
subjunctive
is
the tense
295-
is
is
commonly
397.
junctive
40.
290.
the subjunctive
39.
284.
The
result.
in
is
to
213.
The subjunctive
purpose.
37.
clause.
principal tense
ent or perfect
36.
own
in
is
used.
The verb
398.
of an
244
41. Purpose
often expressed
is
by a
420.
junctive.
42.
43.
perfect)
44.
is
used.
is
used.
405.
present
(or
406.
In conditions contrary
to
fect
45.
The
46.
The
The
it
depends.
future
verb on which
48.
The
49.
Indirect
sions of
depends.
sattie
time as that of
324.
verb on which
47.
it
325.
infinitive
depends.
it
saying,
is
in the accusative.
thinking,
knowi?ig,
The supine
express purpose.
318.
in
373.
-um
is
322.
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
In this vocabulary, words inclosed in brackets (except in the case of compounds with one
or both parts changed in form) are sometimes primitives, sometimes cognates.
They are
show
literal
meanings.
= compare;
Cf. {confer)
subjv.
^subjunc-
imv. ^imperative.
printed in Gothic Italic type are at once derivatives and definitions. Many other
remotely derived words, not definitions, are added in small capitals.
be seen that comparisons of words in reference to meaning are much more frequent
usual in special vocabularies. This has been done from the con\'iction that the pupils
Words
more or
less
It will
than
is
ab-do,
off.
with
ac-cendo,
abdicate.
ab-eo,
-lie,
throw
ac-cido,
-il,
-iturus,
go from, go
-ere,
(507.)
Cf. decedo.
-iectus
-iecT,
cast
ac-cipio,
-reptus
-cidl,
[-rapio],
-cisus
acerbitas,
-tersi, -tersus,
wipe
ab-sum,
away,
-esse,
be
afuT,
absent,
off; with a or
ab and
distant,
abl.
acies,
of
(502.)
accusation.
(182.)
f.
Acrid.
bitterness,
harsh-
m.
-is,
m. Achilles, a hero of
be
be
atis,
-T,
Achilles,
afuturus,
be
f.
ness, severity.
acervus,
abstersus, see absterged.
[ad-
active, eager.
[ab(s)-
off.
abs-tergeo, -ere,
-ceptus
receive, accept.
to),
accusati5, -onis,
acer, acris,
off.
Acci-
ac-curr5,-ere,-currl(-cucurri),-cursus
[ad-],
-uT,
[ad-cado],
happen.
-cepi,
-ere,
capio], {take
aiuay.
ab-ripio, -ere,
otit,
[ad-],
inflame.
dent.
[-iacio],
down,
throw
off,
light
to,
-cidl,
-ere,
Cf.
-census
-dl,
off ; abduct.
go away.
ab-ici5,
lead
-ductus,
-duxT,
-ere,
away, take
-ere,
ab-dQco,
off,
-el,
f.
[acer], edge
battle, battle
line, line
array.
spiritedly, fiercely.
245
246
ad, prep, with ace.
up
to,
to,
towards, near,
to ;
manner ;
ad-aequ6,
equal
Adequate.
equal.
to,
adclivis,
adj.
-e,
ad-duco,
Acclivity.
lead
-ire,
visit.
to.
to,
approach,
Cf. accedo
(507.)
and ad-
bring, render.
[-facio],
ad-fligo, -ere,
-fllxT, -fllctus,
-ere,
seek
-ere,
catch hold
-hendi, -hensus,
Apprehend.
of.
ad-ripio, -ere,
seize,
Cf. adeo
to.
ad-ministro,
-are,
still.
-onis,
man-
won-
astonishrnent,
-ere,
-scripsi,
-scriptus,
add, enroll.
addition),
in
{write
Ascribe.
Aspect.
-esse,
present, be here
stand near.
-futurus,
-fui,
with dat.
wonder
at,
-atus
sum
[admiratio],
admire.
-itus,
remind,
adulescens,
-entis,
m. and
Adolescence.
to,
attach.
Annex.
Adult.
tie to,
Cf. iuvenis.
advectus,
see adveho.
ad-veho,
-ere,
-vexi,
bring on,
britig.
advena,
on
fire,
-ae,
-vectus,
m. and
f.
cany
[ad-venio],
stranger.
-us,
Advent.
adversus,
grow
[ado-
burn, singe.
adventus,
apply, employ.
f.
young person.
to,
fasten
be
(502.)
der.
-arT,
claim.
-atus,
[admiror], ad-
f.
[-rapio],
-atus,
miration,
-reptus
-avi,
-are,
ad-sum,
-avT,
-ui,
snatch.
Arrogate.
at,
Cf. adventus.
access.
ad-miror,
ap-
-atus,
-avi,
-are,
ad-sto, -stare,
tip.
-itus,
[-habeo],
-itus
-uT,
to),
(-ii),
afflict.
admiratio,
-ivi
{dash at),
of
seize,
ad-scrlbo,
(506.)
weaken,
-ere,
ad-rogO,
propinquo.
ad-hibeo,
put
and accedo.
go
-itus,
-i!,
land,
after, attack.
ad-propinqu6,
Adduce.
ad-eo,
adpellere,
ad-prehendo,
sloping totvards,
rising, ascending.
navis
ad-peto,
become
-atus,
-avi,
to)
this
as adv. about.
-are,
-a,
m. approach, arrirml.
Cf. aditus.
-urn,
adj.
turned
to-
-are,
aedes
summon,
-atus,
-avi,
Advocate.
all upon.
(-is),
-is,
plur.
n. [aedifico],
-i,
/w/A// ;/(,>.
Kdifick.
[aedes-
-atus
-avi,
Edify.
facio], btiild.
-e,
of the
people of ancient
aestas,
m.
t/ie
Aequi, a
-a,
-a, -urn,
Alcmena,
-ae,
f.
m. [ala], bird.
adv.
ali-quando,
sumtner.
f.
-itis,
any
other time.
Italy,
-atis,
time
some
at
[alius],
formerly, once.
Cf. olim.
age.
-atis,
f.
life,
-ae,
f.
Aetna, a mountain in
Africa.
Aetna,
Sicily.
Africa,
-ae,
f.
-eris,
m. mound, rampart.
else
shake,
ago],
agmen,
led),
disturb,
chase,
AGITATE,
drive.
agnosco,
host,
(the
thing
column.
-gnitus
[ad-
Cf.
-gnovT,
-i,
alius
other.
m. lamb.
egi,
bring up
agrestis, -e
do ;
dri^^e,
treat ;
lead,
cele-
{life).
rustic, clownish.
husbandman.
another,
alius,
one
other,
.
an-
Cf. ceteri.
Alpes, -ium,
f.
one
altitiido, -inis,
actus,
act,
brate ; pass
(312.)
alter, the
c5gn6sc6.
-ere,
adj.
-ud,
-a,
:
know], recognize.
-ere,
(g)nosc6,
any
strengthen.
[ago],
n.
-inis,
army,
(496.)
other way.
alius,
(1 08.)
agger,
ago,
Albanus,
ales,
aer, aeris,
f.
-ae,
of Hercules.
age.
agnus,
Alba,
albus,
feeble.
aequalis,
of
wing.
Italy.
-are,
aedific5,
aetas,
f.
eager.
Inuise.
aedificium,
same
ala, -ae,
buildiug
f.
'A7
altum,
altus,
-I,
ambo,
f.
the other.
(312.)
[altus], height.
-a,
alveus,
-T,
-ae,
-6,
adj.
both.
ambul5,
walk.
walk, take a
248
amentia,
-ae,
want of ?-easofi,
f.
viad-
ness.
amicitia,
-ae,
[zmxzvii]. friendship.
f.
-a,
as \\o\m, friend.
a-mitto,
-are,
-oris,
send
-avi,
like,befo7idof.
amor,
-missus,
Cf. perdo.
lose.
-a,
honor-
Ample.
able.
AmQlius,
Rhea
Silvia.
-ae,
angustus,
anima,
turn the
-1,
notice.
be-
soul,
Cf. mens.
supply), provisio7ts
visions),
annus,
-T,
market ;
m. year.
Annual.
ante-fero, -ferre,
-tulT, -latus,
advance, prefer.
-ere,
f.
f.
-i,
Aquatic.
water.
(Page
altar.
21.)
(Page
n. \2iXo\, plojtgh.
87.)
arbor,
-oris,
arcesso,
f.
sum, //;//^,j'?///i7j-^.
tree.
-uT,
-ere,
keep
-IvI,
off.
se7id for,
-Itus,
Arc.
(242, a.)
Ardent.
difficult,
arduous.
aries, -etis,
arma,
m. ram, battering
ratn.
-orum,
place in
(506.)
Cf. ante-
-posui,
-positus,
n.
[arm5],
arms,
weapons, armor.
armatus,
,go before.
(Page 202.)
scarcity.
ante-cedd,
-ae,
arduus,
f.
-a.t\is,f!t.
summon.
(169.)
m. [anima], mind,
-ae,
Appeal.
name.
arceo, -ere,
[anima], living
n.
spirit, disposition.
annona,
self.
arbitror,-arT, -atus
mind to,
ing, animal.
animus,
[ad-], appear,
-ere, -ui,
dress, call,
aratrum,
-alls,
f.
show one's
ara, -ae,
animal,
-inis,
anchor.
Animate.
life.
Apollo,
aqua,
f.
-a,
-ae,
-a,
atnong.
ancora,
old,
Cf. vetus.
n. cave.
-I,
anxius,
m. Amulius, father of
-1,
Antiquity.
ap-pareo,
love.
amplus,
antrum,
before.
-a,
Greeks.
(497.)
[amo],
f.
-misT,
-ere,
away ;
Cf. an-
and mal5.
tefero, praepono,
amicus,
amo,
-T,
warrior.
armo,
[arma], arm,
equip.
aro, -are, -avI, -Mus, plough.
ars, artis,
f.
art, skill.
LA TIN-ENGLISH
arx, arcis,
ascensus,
asper,
[arceo], citadel.
f.
-era,
at, conj.
Exasperape.
but.
Cf. sed and autem.
Athena,
-ae,
harsh.
Athena, a goddess.
f.
Atlas,
'OCA BULA R Y
auxilior,
and
Atrocious.
at-tingo,
-ere,
at-tonitus,
[ad-
-tactus
-tigi,
Attain.
-oris,
m.
[augeo],
author,
-ae,
f.
-acis,
audi5,
daring,
adj.
hear, listen.
Audience.
(501.)
Avaricious.
[ab(s)], bear
away.
off,
(506.)
-ae,
ablatus
Alil.ATIVE.
m. Augeas, a mythical
-ere, aii.xT,
auctus [auxilium],
increase, enlarge.
a-verto, -ere,
avia, -ae,
avis,
balteus,
barba,
m.
-T,
-ae,
beatus,
-T,
belt.
beard.
f.
m. barbarian.
-a,
AUGMENT.
air.
-um, adj.
[aurum], 0/
bellum,
bellus,
aurum,
ear.
AuRiST.
'
-I,
n.
gold.
Cf. bellum
n. [bello], 7var.
-T,
-a,
-um,
belua, -ae,
^.d].
beast,
f.
pretty.
monster.
-I,
luell.
(267.)
[bene-facio], kind-
bestia, -ae,
f.
beast, animal.
,
drink.
Imbibe.
-um,
adj.
good,
kind.
(483-)
bos, bovis, m.
gold, golden.
-is, f.
[bellum],
-atus
-avi,
bonus,
auris,
turn away,
Aviary.
bird.
aura, -ae,
f.
away
grandmother.
f.
-is, f.
-a,
-sus,
-tT,
turfi
Averse.
beneficium,
hero.
augeo,
sum,
-atus
-arl,
gero.
abstull,
auferre,
au-fero,
-a,
a-versor,
bell5,
Augeas,
bold.
Audacious.
(484.)
ness, audacity.
audax,
[auxilium],
Auxiliary.
barbarus,
doer.
audacia,
word),
-a,
auctor,
first
Cf. saevus.
n.
-i,
from.
-que.
either
sum
-atus
-arl,
auxilium,
cious.
Cf. at
aut,
avarus,
[cLd-],a>ii/ also,
but,
and conso-
as.
(before vowels
aut
249
or.
support.
Titans.
at-que
or
conj.
aut,
m. a going /, ascent.
-erum, rough, fierce,
-us,
brevis.
-e,
Britannia,
and
f.
ox, cow.
f.
Britain.
(482.)
(182.)
2t;o
Britannus,
m. a Briton, inhabitant
-I,
Brutus,
m. Brutus, a
-I,
caput,
Roman
sur-
name.
abbreviation for Gaius.
-um, adj.
-a,
caedes,
-is,
Carolus,
slaughter,
Caesar,
Roman,
a famous
m.
-I,
-inis,
pluck, nibble
m.
Caloric.
heat, glow.
m. Cambricus.
-I,
Campania,
f.
Carthage, a town
hut, cottage.
f.
-ae, f.
m. Cassivellau-
-T,
castellum,
[diminutive
n.
-1,
Castle.
Campania, a
dis-
casus,
m.
-us,
chance;
[cado],
a falling;
Cannae, -arum,
causa,
town
va..
field.
f.
plur.
Cannae, a
-avT, -atus
[cantus], sing.
Chant.
cantus,
m.
[canto],
singing,
Chant.
;
capra, -ae,
captiva,
form.
f.
captivus,
f.
[capio],
captive,
f.
cause, reason
causa
-ere, cavl,
guard
against.
cautus, be on one^s
;
with a and
Caution.
abl.,
Secede.
retire.
z.A].
freqtiented,
renowned, celebrated.
celeritas, -atis,
f.
m.
[capio],
captive,
prisoner.
Italy.
caveo,
visited
prisoner.
Capua,
-ae,
(500.)
she-goat.
-ae,
famous
conspirator.
capture
guard, beware
-lis,
song.
f.
of southern Italy,
canto, -are,
caterva, -ae,
Roman
Case.
t?iisfortutte, loss.
Camp.
cancer, -cri, m. crab.
Cancer.
canis, -is, m. and f. dog.
Canine.
campus,
of
stronghold.
redoubt,
of Italy.
-T,
-a,
casa, -ae,
castrum],
Cambricus,
trict
-tus,
-sT,
Imskct.
hot, heat.
calor, -5ris,
Carnal.
i. flesh.
Cassivellaunus,
make
of,
-I,
Carthago,
carus,
-aris,
calathus,
heaven, heavens.
n. sky,
-I,
want
in Africa,
kill.
caelum,
in
abl.
enjoy.
carrus,
caesus [caedes],
-ere, cecTdT,
cut;
(154.)
m. Charles.
-T,
carpo, -ere,
i//fid.
[caedo],
f.
want ; with
caro, carnis,
carnage, mtirder.
caedo,
-ui, -iturus, be
careo, -ere,
head ; person.
lack,
C.,
n.
-itis,
Capital.
of Britannia.
-ae,
quickly.
f.
Capua,
city
in
cena, -ae,
f.
dinner, meal.
LA T/.V^EA'GL/SH
Cenaeum,
Cenaeum, a prom-
n.
-I,
-avi.
ceno, -are,
Centaurus,
m. Centaur, a fabled
-I,
centesimus,
-a,
adj.
hundred.
-avJ,
-are,
plough
around.
circum-do, -dare, -dedl, -datus, place
centurio,
m.
-dnis,
an
centurion,
underotificer in the
cera, -ae,
Roman
army.
crevl,
-ere,
certus
discern,
(cretus),
per-
decide,
certe, adv.
circum-munio,
circum-sedeo,
-Ire,
-TvT,
certain,
{make more
cerva, -ae,
certiorem
certain'),
facio,
inform.
-Icis, f.
Cf. alius.
-ere, -stetT,
circum-sto, -are,
sta>id
-steti
(stitT),
CIRCUM-
famous
-T,
m. and
-is,
civitas,
hither,
(489.)
-atjs,
f.
citizen.
[civis],
f.
(169,
tribe.
m. Cincinnatus, a
famous Roman.
cingO, -ere, cinxT, cinctus, surround,
encircle, gird.
circiter, adv. about.
c.)
{body
of
CiTY.
[clamor], cry,
shout.
clamor,
-oris,
Clamor.
-um,
-a,
adj.
renowned, famous.
classicum,
orator.
German
civis,
comp.
adj.
-ius,
nearer.
clams,
m.food.
Cincinnatus,
-ventus,
-vcnl,
-Ire,
surround, circumvent.
barking.
m. Christ.
Roman
circum-sist5,
clamd,
the neck.
besiege.
see circumsedeo.
deer, hind.
f.
Christus,
wall
-Itus,
circumsessus,
citerior,
certainly.
-a,
-ductus, lead
STANCE,
ceive, see.
certamen,
ans, a
-ere, -duxl,
around, surround.
wax.
f.
distinguish,
-T,
circum-ducS,
around), blockade,
Cent.
cibus,
251
tum], hundredth.
cervix,
circum-aro,
"
around.
certus.
'OCABULAR]
vical.
cerno,
-1,
clear,
loud;
Clarion.
n. field signal,
trumpet
call.
claudo, -ere,
-si,
claustra, -orum, n.
plur.
[claudd],
barrier, dike.
dementia,
tion
Cloelia,
-ae,
Roman
Codes,
-ae,
indulgent disposi-
f.
gentleness, clemency.
f.
Cloelia,
noble
maiden.
-itis,
252
coepi,
(defective
communis,
stem want-
com-pello,
coeptus
-isse,
ing), began.
[com-arceo],
-ul, -itus
CO-erceo, -ere,
keep
restrain.
check,
back,
Co-
consider thoroughly,
-inis, n.
co-gnosco,
[com-(g)n6men],
-gnitus
-gnovi,
-ere,
know, understand.
COhors, cohortis,
m.
-is,
Complete.
cultus,
honor.
f.
com-primo,
care for,
Cf. incola
f.
[com-eo],
comrade, companion.
spur on.
rouse,
of the
Roman
forum.
mind, remember,
trust,
-ere,
to
-ere,
move.
con-do,
hide
rush
to-
Concourse.
[con-d!co], {a talk-
f.
found.
-are,
surrender
CO-nectO.
con-fero,
(coll-),
Commotion.
-did!,
-ere,
;
com-
(-cucurri),
together,
-missus, in-
proelium
com-moveo,
-curri
-ere,
together
-misT,
commit:
to-
harmony, concord.
-ditus,
conceal,
Cf. celo.
-atus, give up,
-avT,
done.
recouttt, tell.
Cf. eminus.
C0m-mitt5,
{an agreeing
f.,
run
con-dono,
-ae,
terms.
[com-eo], {place of
com-memoro,
rottse up,
COndicio, -onis,
m. and
[-cadd], fall
fall.
-cursus,
n.
m. [conor], attempt.
-lis,
con-curro,
-T,
see compello.
gether), union,
times intensive.
-pressus
Compress.
check, suppress.
primitive
comitium,
-hensus,
-di,
-press!,
-ere,
COmpulsus,
Concordia,
dove.
-itis,
very many,
-ere,
agricola.
-ae,
-a (-ia), adj.
com-prehendo,
down,
colui,
-ere,
com-plQres,
conatus,
Cf. mons.
n. neck.
-1,
columba,
com
army.
hill.
cultivate, till
and
Cf. agnosco.
cohort, a division
f.
Roman
of the
C0I6,
catch, seise.
COllum,
-T,
com-pleo,
many, a number.
reflect.
surname, cognomen.
COUis,
com-plector,
erce.
COgito, -are, -avi, -at us [com-agito],
cognomen,
common, general.
adj.
-e,
-ere,
;
Join,
tie.
-nexus,
contuli,
-ferre,
bind
CONNECT.
conlatus
c6n-fertus,
-a,
-um,
adj.
(506.)
crowded,
thick, dense.
confessio, -5nis,
f.
confession.
LA TIN-EAGUSH VOCABULARY
confestim, adv. immediately, fortltcon-ficio, -ere, -feci, -fectus [-facio],
out, finish;
sum
-flsus
-ere,
(semi-
Confide.
trust.
con-firmo,
make firm,
Confirm.
strengthen, steady.
flee
for
sum
-gressus
-T,
{herd
-avT,
[grex],
-atus
gather,
together'),
collect, as-
Congregate.
semble.
row
[-iacio],
Conjecture.
cast.
con-iungo,
-iugis,
join
CONJUNCTION.
m. and
f.
[coniungS],
CONJUGAL.
husband, wife.
unite by
Conjure.
oath, conspire.
talking
[con-loquor], a
n.
-T,
together
conversation,
-ari,
sum,
-atus
endeavor.,
seize,
-reptus [-rapid],
-uT,
take hold
con-ruo, -ere,
hand.
preserve,
consilium,
con-sisto,
-ere,
counsel,
advice,
n.
-T,
plan, design.
-stitus,
-stiti,
stand
pend,
rest.
conspectus,
COnspicor,
m.
-us,
-atus
-ari,
descry.
[constanter], yfrw-
f.
ness: constancy.
c5n-stituo, -ere,
-utus [-statuo],
-ui,
determine, fix,
establish,
decide,
Constitution.
resolve.
c5n-suesco,
accustom
-suevT,
-ere,
-suetus,
accustomed
become
Cf.
consuetude,
-inis,
[consuesco],
f.
custom, habit.
-ulis,
c5nsulatus,
m. consul.
-us,
(479. ^)
m. [consul], consul-
ship.
attempt, try.
con-ripio, -ere,
to
-avT, -atus,
save.
consul,
conference, colloquy.
Conor,
-sertus,7W; with
-uT,
soleo.
Cf. pono.
conloquium,
m. [con-sentio],^^^^!?-
constantia,
together, unite.
coniunx,
-us,
con-sero, -ere,
of,
[-gra-
engage in
Congress.
-are,
-scensus
mount, go on
board.
c5nsensus,
prudence, wisdom
refui^e, flee.
con-grego,
tip,
con-servo, -are,
con-gredior,
-scendT,
-ere,
climb
c6n-scend6,
[-scaiido],
ivith.
253
-uT,
,fall together,
Cf. concido.
-psi,
of.
c5n-siimo, -ere,
con-temno,
despise,
-ere,
-tempsi, -temptus,
contemn.
contemptus,
-us,
contempt, scorn.
m.
[contemno],
254
con-tendo,
-ere,
struggle,
-tus,
strain,
hasten.
Con-
-dl,
strive,
tend.
-onis,
COn-tineo, -ere,
[contendo],
f.
Contention.
struggle, exertion.
-tentus [-tene5],
-ul,
-a,
-ae,
f.
dispute, quarrel
adv.
contumeliose,
abusively,
in-
con-venio,
-veni, -ventus,
-ire,
come
con-verto, -ere,
-ti,
-sus, turn,
be
to
believed,
credible.
make, create
Excru-
cruor,
banquet.
[com-ops], abundance,
f.
wealth, plenty
Copious.
coram, a.Av.face
Corinthus,
-T, f.
Coriolanus,
fa-
warrior.
Cornelia,
-ae,
crown.
-oris, n. (J(?^.
-i,
m.
-avi, -atus
although.
(242.)
Coronet.
Corpse.
grappling
(163.)
raven;
hook.
COtidie, adv. [quot-dies], daily.
[culpa], blame,
as, since ;
abl. with.
plur. cradle.
-a,
's
knife.
though,
(397, 398.)
cunae, -arum,
f.
all.
and universus.
f.
\zvi'^\d^\i%\,
longing,
Cupidity.
desire.
-a,
ous, fond.
cupio, -ere,
horn.
f.
f.
cupidus,
mother of
the Gracchi.
-us, n.
[cubo], bedchamber.
n.
cupiditas,
-I,
(47, 2.)
Cornelia, -ae,
Cf.
Culpable.
cunctus,
to face.
Corinth.
m. Coriolanus, a
-1,
mous Roman
cubo, -are,
summon, convoke.
COpia, -ae,
gore.
blood,
culpo, -are,
n. feast,
-T,
m.
-oris,
culpa, -ae,
turn
Convert.
COnvivium,
COrvus,
Cf. frequens.
adj.
-e,
CUbiculum,
solently.
corpus,
credibilis,
sanguis.
controversy.
corona,
merous, frequent.
to.
COntroversia,
COrnu,
bowl.
ciating.
continuous, successive.
away.
mixing bowl,
f.
choose, elect.
COntinuus,
Corioli,
-ae,
Crater.
creber, -bra,
contentio,
trary
cratera,
cur,
adv.
[qua-re],
[cupidus],
Cf. volo.
why,
where-
fore.
cura, -ae,
curiSsus,
f.
-a,
-um,
adj.
inquisitive,
''or,
sus,
official chair,
custodi5,
[custos],
run down.
dediticius,
custos, -odis, m.
and
guardian, keeper.
f.
[custodio],
CUSTODIAN.
[damnum],
damnum,-!,
damage,
n.
de-do, -ere,
give
de-duco,
from
note
(Page
[deus], goddess.
f.
-itus,
-ui,
ought,
owe,
de-fendo,
-um, adj.
due, appropriate.
die.
\A^\iQ.o\,
Cf. abeo
decern, indecl.
and
num.
owed
Debit, Debt.
depart
rate
from),
mine
-a,
decide,
settle,
deter-
-cidl,
off.
deceive.
to.
-fensus [defen-
-di,
off from),
defend,
protect.
m.
-oris,
[defendo],
defender, protector.
-um, adj.
-a,
weary, very
de-ficio, -ere,
de-figo, -ere,
Deianira,
tired out,
tired.
-fectus [-facio],
-feci,
runout.
-fixi, -ilxns,
-ae, f.
-ere,
de-ici5,
DEFECT,
fasten,
fx
Deianira, wife of
stumble.
-iectus
-iecT,
throw down,
de-inde,
contend; decree.
down, fall
decimus,
bring
let
[-iacio],
fall ; pass,
slip,
DEJECTED,
morior.
adj. ten.
de-cido, -ere,
-ere,
{strike
lead
-ductus,
off, escort,
Hercules.
must, should.
-a,
give up,
-ditus,
2.)
-ere,
[dedo], a giving
-duxT,
-ere,
be wanting, fail,
during, for.
dea, -ae,
f.
-didi,
do7un, lead
de-fessus,
loss.
de-ced5,
noun,
plur. as
away ; surrender.
defensor,
debitus,
Masc.
deditio, -onis,
sor],
debeo,
-a,
rendered.
up ; surrender.
22,
show,
trates.
damn5,
[clarus],
-atus
-avi,
-e,
-are,
declare.
thing done).
curulis,
de-claro,
255
adv.,
{from
thence), then,
afterzuards, next.
fasten,
de-ligo,
wipe
Delete.
down,
tie.
-ere,
-legT,
-Iectus
select.
[-lego],
256
in
Greece.
of Delphi,
adj.
-urn,
-a,
Delphic.
-are,
migrate
-atus,
-avi,
remove, go away.
Cf. abed
and decedd.
de-mitto,
down,
de-monstro,
turn
-avT,
-atus, point
describe.
Demon-
adv.
demum,
at
length,
not
till
any
at
-a,
last:
at
Dentist.
-pulsus,
-pull,
abandon.
aside,
put
De-
posit.
-are,
-atus,
-avi,
{thrust
deus,
m. god.
-i,
-are,
{482.)
-atus,
-avI,
swalloiv
-ere,
-trum
-tra,
dico,
f.
vow,
-erum),
Dexterous.
dictus
say,
dice),
(-era,
dlxT,
-ere,
for
-votus,
devote.
offer,
tell,
(imv.
die,
speak;
ap-
point.
depulsus,
dictatiira, -ae,
-uT,
dies,
-ei,
m. and
abandon,
-tus,
difficult.
down,
leap down.
-atis,
dignus,
-a,
-stiti, -stilus,
off,
{stand off
cease;
de-
sist.
di-lanio,
upon),
view,
m.,
diffi-
{a looking dozan
prospect;
plur.
heights.
abl.
-are,
-avi,
-atus,
tear to
pieces.
diligenter,
iis,
[difficilis],
f.
ing ; with
despectus,
(275.)
culty.
leave
day.
(254.)
dif&cultas,
or apart),
f.
desert.
de-sisto, -ere,
[dictator], dictator-
f.
ship.
see depello.
de-scendo,
de-spero,
draw
Detract.
remove.
off,
decline, refuse.
dextra, -ae,
drive
-posuT, -positus,
-ere,
down, lay
de-sero,
throw
dexter,
rate.
de-pono,
off,
de-voveo,
finally
de-pell6, -ere,
out,
at
then.
last,
densus,
from,
be
de-voro,
denique, adv. at
least,
-esse, -fuT,
de-turbo,
-are,
show,
{send
strate.
demum,
de-sum,
dowii), let
out,
rob,
-atus,
-avI,
de-migro,
;
-are,
Delphicus,
from
de-spolio,
adv.
[dlligentia],
dili-
gently, industriously.
dlligentia, -ae,
f.
[diligenter], dili-
-avT,
hopeless, despair.
-atus [spes], be
dimico,
tend.
-are,
-avi,
Cf. pugHo.
;:
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABL/LA R V
di-mitto,
dis-,
-misi, -missus,
seiiJ
doceo, -ere,
-ui, -tus,
go by.
prefix denoting separa-
doleo, -ere,
-ui,
-ere,
dismiss
off,
di- (a
Cf.
directions.
discedo,
dimittS,
go
withdraw,
depart,
-cessurus,
-cessi,
-ere,
Cf.
off.
-ae,
order,
[disco],
f.
[discords], disagree-
discordo, -are,
[discordia],
n.
-inis,
risk,
danger
dis-cutio,
-cussus
-cussT,
-ere,
(shake apart),
[-quatio],
scatter,
unlike,
adj.
-e,
dis-
dis-tribuo,
-ere,
divide,
-utus,
-uT,
(490.)
-volsus,
-vellT,
tear
um,
-a,
adj.,
[turned away),
adj. rick.
-itis,
-ere,
apportion.
divinus,
-a,
-vTsT,
divide,
DIVISION.
-um,
adj.
0/ the gods,
-arum,
f.
plur.
[dives],
put.
b,
(195,
domi,
482.)
197,
Donate.
Cf. do.
-T,
dormio,
[donum], give,
-avi, -atus
present.
-Ire,
-IvI
(-ii),
-itus,
sleep.
Dormitory.
dubito,
-are,
-atus
-avI,
[dubius],
dubium,
dedi,
Cf. dono.
n.
[dubius], doubt.
Dubious.
ful.
duco,
-T,
-a,
-ere, dfixi,
Duilius
derive.
(C),
Roman
-T,
m. Caius Duilius,
general.
-e,
adj.
sweet,
pleasant.
Dulcet.
dum, conj. while, as long as ;
duo. duae, duo, num. adj.
)
until.
two.
Cf. ambo.
duo-decim [-decem],
indecl.
num.
adj. t-welve.
f.
lord, master,
DOMINATE,
house, home:
(304
riches, wealth.
do,
(109.)
-us,
dulcis,
-visus,
divine.
divitiae,
[dominus], mistress,
f.
home.
at
dives,
domus,
draw
di-vido,
-ae,
dubius,
distribute.
diversus,
fraud, cun-
hesitate, doubt.
similar.
di-vello,
deceit, trick,
Discuss.
dis-similis,
diu, adv.
domina,
donum,
Cf. periculum.
reiuffve.
m.
-I,
ning.
dono, -are,
crisis.
DCJLOROUS.
Domestic.
ment, discord.
discrimen,
dolor, -oris, m.
07vner.
f.
[dolor], grieve,
lady.
discipline.
discordia, -ae,
teach, show.
'
be sorry.
dolus,
dissimilis, distraho.
dis-cedo,
257
datus, give,
offer
twelfth.
258
duplex,
[duo],
adj.
-icis,
twofold,
durus,
double.
-um,
-a,
rough,
hard,
adj.
[duco], leader,
f.
Duke.
general.
elephantus,
m. elephant.
-i,
harsh, cruel.
Cf. imperator.
Elect.
Elis,
-idis,
a division
Ells,
f.
of
Greece.
e, see
Elisabetha,
ex.
e-dic5,
Edict.
ptMish, proclaim.
edo,
-are,
bring up,
-atus,
-avl,
train, educate.
Edvardus,
bear
(506.)
[ex-],
lift
up,
Elated.
ef-flo,
effect,
-avl,
-are,
-atus
ef-fundo,
[ex-],
{blow
[ex-],
e-gredior,
forth
-i,
nos, we.
in terram egressus,
having
gone ashore.
(ii), itiirus,
-I,
Cf. eximius
^^.
(507.)
Epirus, a division of
f.
Greece.
-itis,
letter, epistle.
f.
epulae, -arum,
equester,
f.
m. [equus], horseman,
-tris, -tre,
equidem,
adv.
EGREand praestans.
indeed,
certainly,
truly.
-us,
m. [eques], {body of
horsemen), cavalry.
equus,
distinguished, excellent.
GIOUS.
[is],
equitatus,
excellently.
-a,
eo, adv.
horsemen), equestrian.
go
egregius,
utter.
Enunciate.
knight.
plur.
Egotist.
(492.)
word),
first
eques,
out, shed.
pron. /;
Emit.
-ere,
epistula, -ae,
-fusus
ego, pers.
dis-
send
-missus,
-misi,
-ere,
Epirus,
accomplish.
-fudl,
at a
there.
[-manus],
Cf. comminus.
bring about,
Elizabeth, a queen
extuli, elatus
carry forth
out,
raise.
draw.
m. Edward.
-I,
-ferre,
ef-fero,
forth,
emo,
raise, utter.
educo,
f.
tance, afar.
e-mitto,
Cf. devoro.
-didi,
-ere,
-ae,
of England.
e-minus, adv.
devour,
eat,
Edible.
consitnte.
e-do,
esus,
edi,
-ere,
declare,
-dictus,
-dixi,
-ere,
-i,
m. horse.
Equine.
snatch
escape.
-ere,
out,
-ul,
-reptus
[-rapio],
se
eripere,
seize:
LA TIN-ENGLISH
wander,
e-rump5,
burst
and.
(a burst-
Eruption.
atque,
Cf.
both
ac,
and
Eunomus,
EuT5pa,
m. Eunomus.
-T,
-ae,
m. Eurytus, father of
-T,
out.
{go out),
Evade.
e-venio,
Cf. accid5
and
e ventus, -us,
{come
happen, turn
out.
or
of,
{a
happen-
eximius,
arise,
-Irl,
welcome, entertain
cut
Excite.
-atus, cry out,
de-
begin.
running
Excursion.
out),
-pull,
-pulsus,
sum
-pertus
drive
[-pario],
Cf. tento.
experience.
see experior.
ex-pet5, -ere,
-ivT
(-ii),
ask.
make amends
for, expiate.
-oris,
m. [explore],
scout,
spy.
exclaim.
sally, sortie.
ruin,
Expulsion.
-irT,
;
explorator,
EXCEPT.
(a
Cf.
ex-pell6, -ere,
demand,
f.,
think.
expertus,
excursio, -onis,
-atus,
suppose.
[ex-eo],
n.
appear ;
-avi,
[existimo],
f.
-avT,
-are,
-1,
-a,
-are,
re-
struction.
try, test
thing trained),
and puto.
arbitror
ex-perior,
out
ex-clamo,
-onis,
consider,
Judge,
of,
with abl.
interrupt.
Cf.
Cf. egregius.
ex-istim5,
on; in accordance
receive,
go forth,
-a,
out, expel.
with.
ex-animatus,
out,
Exit.
off,
prep,
e,
go
(507.)
persuade, induce.
fio.
m. [evenio],
from,
sample, example,
army.
ex-orior,
-ventus,
-veni,
-Ire,
strike
egredior.
exitium,
lole.
e-vado,
off,
estimate, opinion.
throw
-itus,
-Ire, -il,
existimatio,
Europe.
f.
n.
-T,
markable.
although.
et-si, conj.
off,
ex-e5,
exercitus,
Cf. quoque.
off,
wartiing.
come
ex
shake
off
exemplutn,
et,
-que.
259
[erumpo],
f.
VCABULA R Y
err.
-rupl, -ruptus,
-ere,
-ere,
-positus,
-posul,
expose.
set
26o
ex-pugno,
take by
factum,
Cf. oppugno.
Fact.
-atus,
-are, -avi,
-atus
-arl,
facultas,
sum,
curse, exe-
dart
jump forth,
out.
exsilium,
ex-specto, -are,
-atus,
-avi,
await,
Cf. morior
expire, die.
ex-struo,
{heap
exsul,
-ae,
and
decedo.
-structus,
-ulis,
m. and
an
f.
and
Ci. subito
with.
ex-terreo,
-ere,
fo7-th-
frighten,
with
prep,
ace.
outside
of,
m. bundle,
-is,
extremus,
-a,
-um, adj.
furthest;
load ; plur.
lictors.
m. Faustulus, a shep-
-T,
herd.
to,
fax, facis,
feles,
torch, firebrand.
f.
-T,
-is, f. cat.
m. February.
Feline.
nately, successfully.
outerviost,
(4S9)
lucky, fortunate,
adj.
-icis,
Felicity.
happy.
femina,
beyond.
last,
f.
fascis,
felix,
affright.
extra,
household, family.
familia, -ae,
repente.
-itus,
-ui,
-is,
hunger, famine.
f.
Februarius,
exile.
-ae,
f.
woman.
Feminine.
Cf. mulier.
almost, about.
fero, ferre, tulT, latus, bear,
faber,
workman,
-bri,
artisan, smith.
mus), a celebrated
Roman
con-
report, say.
veho
ferox,
bring;
Cf. porto
(506.)
and
also tolero.
-ocis,
adj. fierce,
impetuous.
Ferocious.
sul.
Fabricius,
Roman
fabula,
op-
f.
Faustulus,
breathe out,
-struxT,
-ere,
power,
FACULTY.
n. [exsul], exile.
-i,
[facio],
f.
renown.
fames,
out.
-atis,
portunity, chance.
fama,
crate, abhor.
-T,
-T,
m. Fabricius, a famous
general.
-ae,
f.
ferrum,
[facio], {that
form, perform.
[ferrum], of
n.
-T,
can
(254.)
be
FA-
ferveo, -ere,
sword.
Cf.
make;
be hot, glow.
Fervent.
fidelis, -e, adj.
do,
iron
CILITY.
facio, -ere, feci, factus,
-um, adj.
-a,
iron, iron.
ferreus,
ful.
fides,
Fidelity.
-ei, f.
trust, confidence.
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
fidus, -a, -um, adj.
trusty,
[fides],
figura, -ae,
f.
[filius],
f.
note
filius,
[filia],
sou.
fIn.\T, flctu.s,
(478, a.)
-is,
tories.
{169,
facio), he
sum
(supplies pass, to
and
Cf. accido
(508.)
evenio.
-a,
flagrans, -antis,
z.^). flaming,
blazing,
FLAGRANT.
burning.
flecto, -ere,
fle.xi,
which flows),
flowing thing),
m., [the
-i,
m.
-i,
pan, brazier.
-um,
-a,
-eris,
n. league,
treaty, alli-
Federal.
-i,
-ae,
fors, fortis,
fraudis,
fraus,
frequens,
-e,
crowded,
adj.
-entis,
Cf.
cold.
creber.
frigidus,
-a,
frumentum,
f.
leaf, foliage.
-I,
n.
[fruor],
fruor,
-I,
com,
-ae,
f.
(388.)
Frustrate.
[f ugio] , _/f/>//A
[fugo, fuga],
flee from.
Fugi-
tive.
-I,
fundo,
esse.
form, figure
beauty.
chance, luck.
adj.
in
Frequent.
great mnnbers.
put
f.
trickery,
deceit,
f.
Fraud.
crime.
[fortiter],
brave, courageous.
strong,
Cf. validus.
to flight, rout.
m. smoke.
Fumes.
pour, pour
out.
funis,
-tris,
nal.
fumus,
f.
[fragor],
FRACTURE.
m. brother. Frater-
futurum
fore, for
m. [frango], crash.
Foliage.
n. leaf.
fons, fontis,
forma,
-oris,
ance.
fosse
fuga,
2^6].
rible.
folium,
fragor,
river, stream.
foedus,
good
grain.
river, stream.
foedus,
ditch, trench,
f.
irons, frondis,
foculus,
fortitude.
[fors], fortune,
f.
Frigid.
Flexible.
fluvius,
-ae,
-ae,
frater,
[finis], bor-
plur. neighbors.
factus
terri-
Final.
e.)
-um, adj.
-a,
dering upon
firmus,
fossa,
frango,
finitimus,
f 10, fieri,
fashion, de-
Fiction.
Feign.
vise.
fortuna,
canal.
fingo, -ere,
pen.
[fortis], strength,
f.
fortune.
2.)
m.
-1,
(Page
daughter.
Filial.
finis,
fortitiido, -inis,
bravery, endurance
figure.
22,
ageously.
J\jithful.
filia, -ae,
261
furor,
-is,
m. rope, cord.
-oris,
m.
furor.
(176, a.)
madness, frenzy,
262
Roman
first
name.
Galba,
sum
-atus
-arl,
[gratus], give
m. Galba.
-ae,
galea, -ae,
Gallicus,
gaude5,
gratus,
gallina, -ae,
able,
hen.
f.
sum
[gaudium],
(semi-
be
glad,
n.
-I,
Grave.
[gravis],
heavily,
[gravis], op-
Cf. laetitia.
ness.
adv.
graviter,
heavy,
[graviter],
adj.
-e,
grav5,
rejoice.
gaudium,
-a,
severe, serious.
gavisus
-ere,
[gratus],
pleasing; grateful.
gravis,
m. a Gaul.
deponent)
sum
-atus
-ari,
congratulate.
89.)
Gaul.
f.
-a,
-I,
gratulor,
(Page
helmet.
f.
Gallia, -ae,
Gallus,
grator,
taste, eat.
m. Gelert, name of a
-I,
hound.
geminus,
gemma,
-um,
-a,
twin-born,
adj.
m. groan, moan.
-us,
-ae,
habito,
gem, jewel.
f.
-eris, n.
Genteel.
Germanus,
-i,
m. a German.
pass, go on,
-us,
m. sword.
Graecus,
gramen,
(Page
27.)
m. step; period,
f.
stage.
Greece.
m. a Greek.
-inis, n.
gratia, -ae,
ness
(254.)
Grade.
-i,
(Page
f.
grass.
m.
-alis,
famous
stick,
Hannibal,
Carthaginian
general.
97.)
-ae,
f.
spear.
not.
(53.)
(Page
43.)
Cf. non.
adj. slender.
Graecia, -ae,
kid.
haesus,
haesi,
Adhere.
Hannibal,
haud, adv.
Cf. ensis.
gradus,
-ere,
live.
vivo,
m. yoicng goat,
-T,
haereo,
hasta,
-e,
and
Cf. incolo
tate.
take place.
gracilis,
[frequentative
-T,
haedus,
kind, class.
(242.)
-e,
f.
house, family.
gladius,
habilis,
gens, gentis,
genus,
twin-.
gemitus,
habeo,
haurio,
all.
-ire,
herbidus,
ExHAUST.
drain.
-a,
Hercules,
Jupiter
-is,
m. Hercules, son of
strength.
htimanus,
taining
Hesperides, -um,
f.
-a,
hie,
demon, pron.
haec, hoc,
this
she,
of mine
this,
l>)-
Hydra,
-e,
-ae,
f.
Her-
hydrus,
[hiems],
-aturus
-avi,
-are,
to
cules.
(200.)
it.
hiemo,
(95.
humilis,
yester-.
-a,
humi
hesternus,
^63
m. water-serpent, serpent,
-I,
snake.
[hiemo], winter;
f.
from
Hispania,
-ae,
Hispanus,
f.
here.
Spam.
f.
in
horribilis,
-e,
horas,
from
-atus
-arl,
sum, urge,
m. garden.
-I,
hostilis,
-\,
entreat,
e,
adj.
17
r.)
m. and
Hostile.
-is,
[hostis],
of the
enemy.
(169,
Cf. inimicus.
hiimanitas,
humanity,
refinement.
-atis,
f.
gentleness,
m. stroke, blow.
same:
Idem
same
qui,
as.
(3-9)
adv. for that reason,
id-eo,
idoneus,
there-
-a,
-uum,
f.
the Ides.
(seldom the
therefore, then.
Cf. infestus.
f.
[is],
igitur, conj.
(84.)
n. hospitality.
enemy, hostile.
Janiculum, one
Rome,
Idiis,
hospitium.
hostis,
adv.
Cf. nunc,
n. the
-I,
fore.
exhort.
hortus,
ibi,
[is],
Cf. terribilis.
horrible.
{the thing
[iacio],
iam, no longer.
ietus, -us,
m. Horatius {Codes).
-i,
n.
-T,
of the hills of
hour, hourly.
Horatius,
hortor,
hour:
throw,
hurl.
laniculum,
{be
dead.
to
lie
-ae,
[iacio],
-ul,
lie,
iaculum,
history.
hour
-ere,
cast,
m. a Spaniard.
-T,
historia, -ae,
hora,
iace5,
thrown),
storm.
[humanus],
kindness,
ignis,
-is,
ignoro,
m.y?r^.
-are, -avI,
be ignorant of.
ignotus,
first
word),
Cf. itaque.
(169,
<r.)
-atus,
Igmtk.
not know,
Ig.N'ORE.
-a,
ille,
{yonder)
it.
(200.)
264
imbecillis,
weak,
adj.
-e,
feeble.
imbuo,
-ere, -uT,
moisten,
-wet,
-litus,
Imbue.
soak.
immanitas,
-atis,
savageness,
f.
[in-]>
-ui,
hang
Imminent.
impedi5,
-missus
-ere, -misi,
[in-],
mander,
imperium,
rule,
-I,
n.
Empire.
[imperium],
Imperative. Cf.
m. attack,
-us,
Impetuous.
dat.
impiger,
-gra,
with
iubeo.
impetus,
or upon
[in-],
mount
with dat.
bad,
-a,
-um,
adj., {not
good),
cry out
to.
in-cliid5, -ere,
-sT,
Include.
m. and f. [incolo], inhab-
in, co>ifine.
itant.
in,
inhabit;
and
live,
[incola], dwell
Cf. ha-
dzvell.
vivo,
incolumis,
adj.
-e,
unharmed,
safe.
of.
with abl.
upbraid,
taunt, abuse.
[is],
-i,
thence, thereupon.
token.
declare, appoint.
see impello.
in-crepito, -are,
in case
[-cado], fall
-dl,
in-clamo,
indicium,
wicked, shameless.
impulsus,
uncertain,
inde, adv.
improbus,
adj.
Cf. dubius.
Cf. salvus.
ptit or place
;
-um,
-a,
bito
impose
Incense.
cover, fill.
im-pono,
doubtful.
incola, -ae,
assault.
im-pleo,
-dl,
appeal
de??iand ;
cotnmatid,
grow
Incendiary.
-a,
{take in
[impero], command,
order,
-ere,
bur?t.
incensus,
hot.
insafie.
[impero], order,
Cf. iussum.
n.
-i,
power.
impero,
Emperor.
ge7ieral.
in-cendo,
in-cid5, -ere,
m. [impero], com-
-oris,
Eng.
Cf.
-calui,
-ere,
in-certus,
-pulsus
imperatum,
command.
participles, often
[in-pes],
imperator,
in-calesco,
to,
etc.
nouns,
warm, grow
cruelty, barbarity.
im-mineo, -ere,
over, impend.
and
adjectives,
im-mitto,
upon, towards,
Imbecile.
Of I,
;;
in,
in-diligenter,
adv.
Indict.
carelessly,
lessly.
indoles,
-is, f.
tiaturc. character.
list-
LA TIX-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
in-duc6, -ere, -duxT, -ductus, lead
dniw
induo, -ere,
-utus,
-uT,
industria, -ae,
-Ire,
-ui
on, clotlic
go
-itus,
in, enter
lucky, unhappy.
Inferior.
(489.)
inferus,
with dat.
derneath.
infestus,
-um,
noun, enemy.
in-fici5,
-ere,
-ae,
as
-fectus [-faci5],
INFECT.
f.
-sus,
more
laugh
at,
tnock,
ridicule.
m.
-us,
ery, derision
[inrideo],
viock-
ab inrlsu, in mock-
ery.
into,
break
break
in,
rush
Irrup-
at*
(worn
fillet
insania, -ae,
insanity, madness.
f.
in-signe,
-is,
[insTgnis],
n.
mark,
l)y
insignis,
-e,
ingenium,
-I,
n.
conspicuous, prominent.
in-silio,
acter.
Cf.
magnus.
-!,
Cf. intro.
for, desire.
-ere,
gape
at,
long
unequal
upon,
leap
-T,
[-iacio],
put
upo)i.
m. [-amicus], enemy.
um,
-are,
-fitus
[-statud],
-stiti,
-statiirus,
{stand
instrumentum,
-T,
n.
[Instruo],
in-
strument.
Inimic.\l.
-a,
in-st5,
-ui,
arrange.
-iectus
-iecT,
-ere,
in-iquus,
-uT,
Insinuate.
in.
Cf. cupio.
(171.)
push
in-stitu5,
in-imicus,
-Ire,
in-gredior,
enter.
-sT,
or
he.
priests).
in-icio,
Cf. hostilis.
infula,
hostile;
adj.
-feci,
f.
need.
tion.
(489.)
-a,
-ae,
without command.
in-rumpo,
(506.)
-a,
inluvies,
inrisus,
inflict
in-rideo, -ere,
[Tnferus], lower.
adj.
inferior, -ius,
harm,
[in-ius], ivrong,
f.
-Icis,
iniiiria, -ae,
inopia,
(507.)
in-fellX,
beginning.
[ineo],
n.
-I,
insult, injury.
diligence, industry.
f.
(-il),
begin, form.
put
initium,
Initi.'VL.
wrap.
in-eo,
to,
induce, persuade.
to,
265
Cf. hostis.
adj.
uneven,
[-aequus],
unfavorable.
form
instruct,
train
pre-
pare, provide.
insula, -ae,
f.
island.
Peninsula.
266
in-sum,
-esse,
and
-fui,
abl.
in, be
be
and with
with dat.
a?no7ig;
in
[inter-
between),
learn,
{choose
In-
tellect.
{stretch out
-tus,
-di,
Intend.
between, among,
while:
amid, during,
inter
se,
in-victus,
in-video, -ere,
invidia, -ae,
lolaus,
Iphicles,
death.
ipse,
inner,
adj.
-us,
interior.
m. interpreter.
-etis,
inter-rumpo,
-rupT,
-ere,
iratus,
-fui,
is,
-futiirus,
amotig, be present at ;
be
with dat.
Cf. adsum.
-are,
-avi,
-atus,
go
Cf. ingredior.
f.
-a,
ea, id,
(329.)
anger, wrath,
-um, adj.
adv.
it.
m.
-us,
[intro-eo],
en-
{let
-i,
m. isthmus.
Cf. sic
so, thus.
and so,
ita-que, conj.
iter, itineris,
tarn.
therefore.
Cf.
n.
[eo],
way, journey,
-um,
(482.)
Itin-
erant.
Iteration.
iubeo, -ere, iussT, iiissus, bid, order,
connnand.
undate, cover.
strange.
and
admit.
-a,
{of
(493.)
trance.
in-usitatus,
pers.
(138.)
igitur.
introduce.
angry, en-
Ir.\te.
ita,
ire.
[ira],
in-undo,
very.
isthmus,
into,
daughter of Eurytus.
m. Iphicles, brother of
lole,
yours).
go
of,
f.
-is,
raged.
-ruptus,
Interrupt.
break down.
inter-sum, -esse,
f.
-a,
self,
ira, -ae,
introitus,
jealous
Hercules.
Cf. neco
occido.
(4S9-)
in,
be
-T,
lole, -es,
enter.
-vTsus [invidia],
cules.
intro,
uii-
envy.
(345.)
-visT,
to7vards),
{look
interpres,
-a,
ousy:
interior,
come
Cf. reperio.
together.
and
-ventus,
-Veni,
-ire,
come upon,
conquered, invincible.
Cf. cognosco.
in-tendo, -ere,
-sus,
-ere, -si,
in-venio,
(345-)
lego],
in-vado,
adj.
itnnsual,
Cf. impero.
LA TIN-ENGLISH
iugerum,
iugum.
-I,
lulius,
T,
iunctus,
iungo,
n. (gen. plur.
-i,
iugerum),
jiiger.
liiic'.
Roman name.
m. Julius, a
Junction.
Juno, queen of the
s/'an, cross.
luno, -onis,
f.
preme
deity of the
iuro,
an
[ius],
swear,
NiLE.
Cf. adulescens.
m.
toil.
El.\ BORATE.
suffer.
Latinus,
-a,
latus,
m. robber, brigand.
adj.
-e,
[laudo], praise-
lectus,
m. bed, couch.
-1,
-T,
lenis,
Legate.
[lego], {a gathering),
f.
-e,
leniter,
Lenient.
m.
Lerna, a
laetitia, -ae,
Greece.
\\3iQi\is.'\,Joy,glad)iess.
merry,
lion.
-a,
adj. glad,
m. ambassador, deputy,
Lernaeus,
pleasant, joyful.
f.
fitne.
ately.
-ae, f. tear.
-um,
laud.
lacrima,
-a,
laus, laudis,
leo, -onis,
laetus,
La pi-
-a,
f.
milestone.
Latent.
gentle, mild.
opera.
stotie,
da ry.
read.
m. [laboro], labor,
and
[lamenta],
legion.
m. Labienus, a lieuten-
Cf. opus
sum
wail, lament.
lieutenant, legatus.
labor, -oris,
-atus
-ari,
legio, -onis,
-T,
lick, lap.
laments, lamentation.
'uhiiliiig,
lamentor,
legatus,
Labienus,
[iuvenis], body of
f.
youth, youth.
L.,
n. plur. [liimentor],
iuventiis, -utis,
Roman
worthy, laudable.
-ere,
laudabilis,
-a,
lambo,
latro, -onis,
Cf. imperatum.
iuvenca,
m. Laevinus, a
concealed.
right, justice.
n.
-i,
mand.
(482.)
Abjure.
oath.
iiis, iuris, n.
iiissum,
-atus
-avT,
-are,
take
Romans.
quarrel, dispute.
n.
-T,
-I,
lapis, -idis,
Jupiter.
iurgium,
267
laeva, -ae,
Laevlnus,
lamenta, -orum,
iungo.
sc-c-
VCABULARV
consul.
[iungo], yoA-e.
n.
district
near Argos in
268
m.
liber, -bri,
liimen,
book.
(103.)
Liberal.
liberalitas, -atis,
f.
liberi,
chil-
Lunatic.
luna, -ae,
f.
[lux], 7noon.
lupa,
f.
[lupus], she-wolf
-ae,
lupus,
Lumi-
[lux], light.
-inis, n.
nous.
m. [lupa], wolf.
-T,
lutum,
mud, mire.
n.
-i,
lux, lucis,
f.
light.
dren.
libero, -are, -avi, -atus \]lher'],setf>-ee,
free, liberate
libertas,
-atis,
freedotn,
[liber],
f.
or
licit
um est, impers.
m. Licbas, an attendant
-ae,
m.
-oris,
lictor,
attendant of a high
lignum,
limus,
ceremonial
stick.
n.
-ae,
f.
totigue,
put,
m.
-a,
position,
loca,
situation
Local.
-urn, adj.
off.
[longus],
-ciitus
-i,
-a,
muddy.
sum, speak,
talk, say.
Lubric-^te.
sport, sportive.
-um,
-a,
sad.
adj.
Cf.
tristis.
magnificus,
-a,
magnitiido,
inis, f. \ma.gr\us\,
great-
magnitude.
magnopere, adv.
[abl.
of
magnum
tedious.
magnus,
serving
-a,
(260.)
maiestas,
-atis,
f.
[maior], dignity,
honor, majesty.
maior,
[lux], shine.
for
Immaculate.
soil.
loud.
phrase
ness, size,
Longitude.
lubricus,
the
honored for
and
thy valor
esto, be
teacher.
longinquus,
(voc), in
adj.
chance, opporticnity.
loquor,
coti-
[locus], place,
longus,
[machina],
magister,-trl,m.[mag(nus)], master,
place,
n.),
f.
xaag\S,a.A-v.\m3ig{n\xs)'],more,7-ather.
Locate.
set.
-1,
-onis,
language.
locus,
macte,
maestus,
officer.
wood ; stake,
m. mud, slime.
-I,
-T,
lingua,
machinatio,
maculo,
of Hercules.
lictor,
contrivance, machine,
f.
macte virtute
Lichas,
-ae,
liberty.
it is
machina,
engine.
ration.
(260.)
male,
(267.)
-ius,
adj.
greater,
larger.
Major.
adv.
[malus],
Malevolent.
badly,
ill.
-ere,
-dictus, speak
-dixl,
Maleijic-
abuse.
revile,
of,
TION.
volo],
malum,
malus,
more
be
would
rather.
-T,
-a,
[magis-
malui,
malo, malle,
willing, prefer,
evil.
evil.
(260.)
of Quintus Fabius.
me,
see ego.
mediocris,
ocre.
medius,
m. Manlius, a
-1,
stay,
mansuetudo,
Roman
-inis,
clemency, kind-
f.
ness, gentleness.
-us, f
(243,
M.VNUAL.
a)
m. Marcius, a
Roman
m. Marcus, a
Roman
-T,
name.
first
(4S2.)
gen.
plur.),
sea.
Marine.
-T,
mater,
membrum,
-i,
m. [Mars], March.
f.
matrimonium,
mother.
-1,
[memoro],
f.
-avT, -atus
n.
mony, marriage ;
dilcere, to marry.
mendacium, -I, n.
Mendacious.
mensis,
-is,
Maternal.
matrimonium
Cf.
falsehood,
mi7id.
f.
lying.
Cf. animus.
m. trader, merchant.
m. Mercury, messen-
-i,
-eri, -itus
mergo,
metus,
meus,
(84, d.)
n.
see
-us,
Merge.
-a,
mergo.
m.f-ar, dread.
my, mine.
mico,
Commem-
state.
m. month.
-oris.
Mercurius,
mersus,
[mater], matriin
/Tjemo/"/.
[memoria],
mass, lump.
-tris, f.
Amelio-
orate.
meritum,
-ae,
in
Member.
n. limb.
-T,
memoria, -ae,
memoro, -are,
mereor,
war.
Martius,
Medium.
(260.)
m. husband.
massa,
rae\\ox,-\.vks, better.
mercator,
(no
n.
-is,
(them)
to the centre.
mens, mentis,
-i,
name.
maritus,
tnentiojt, relate,
force, band.
Marcius,
mare,
-a,
Medi-
little.
rate.
name.
Marcus,
[medius], mid-
adj.
-e,
medium,
I'I'-RMAnent.
remain, wait.
physician.
doctor,
intrust.
manus,
m.
-T,
Medicine.
[manus-do],
greatest.
adj.
dling, tnoderate ; a
Cf. improbus.
mand5,
-um,
-a,
Maxi.mum.
Maximus, -T, m. Maximus, surname
(260.)
medicus,
(505.)
n.
maximus,
269
(229.)
-are, -uT,
quiver ; flash,
gleam, twinkle.
mihi, see ego.
most,
es-
Ci. praecipue.
miles,
-itis,
militaris,
m.
-e,
soldier.
Military.
2/0
mille,
num.
-um,
-a,
{305,
least,
e.)
jiot
-arl,
-atus
little.
smaller,
lesser.
m. Minucius, a
-i,
Roman
mirabilis,
adj. [miror], to he
-e,
dered at;
won-
extraordi-
wotiderful,
Admirable.
nary..
miraculum,
-T,
-arl,
-atus
wonder
-a,
at,
sum
[mlrus], won-
admire.
ful, extraordinary.
-era,
happy, miserable.
adv.
misere,
miserably.
-e,
[miser],
wretchedly,
-ae,
f.
pity, compassion.
-a,
mortuus sum
-1,
[mors],
moror,
-atus
-ari,
part.
(fut.
die.
sum [mora],
retard,
mors,
mortis,
[morior],
death.
mortifer,
f.
Cf. nex.
-erum, adj.
-era,
[mors-
-um,
adj.
[morior],
habit, cus-
-a,
dead.
Moral.
tom.
-eris,
woman.
f.
Cf.
fe-
multitiido,
-inis,
f.
[multus], great
adv.
multo,
[multus],
by
much,
much.
Mis-
sion.
multum,
[multus],
adv.
tnuch.
(267.)
n. plur.
multus,
Mood.
[munio], walls
Cf. miirus.
mass, heap.
much;
-onis,
tion, defence.
miinus,
hill.
plur.
[moenia],
miirus,
-eris, n.
-I,
f.
\m.\:i\\\o\,
fortifica-
Munitions.
dtdy,
m. wall.
offi.ce.
Cf. moenia.
Cf. collis.
Demonstr.\te.
miinio,
-um, adj.
(260.)
miimtio,
advise,
-a,
many.
fortify, defend.
out.
bite.
moles,
momordi, morsus,
mina.
(267.)
misericordia,
mitis,
-ere,
Morsel.
mortuus,
[miror], wonder,
n.
marvel, miracle.
miser,
[moror], delay.
Mortal.
consul.
der,
mordeo,
monster.
n.
-I,
f.
hinder, delay.
Miniicius,
mirus,
-ae,
moritiirus)
(260.)
miror,
mora,
morior,
sum, threaten.
adj.
-us,
monstrum,
moribundus,
very
least,
Minimum.
(260.)
minor,
in
by no means.
all,
minimus,
minor,
thousand ; also
show, point
Mut.\tion.
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
nam, con], for.
namque, con], for, inasmuch
narr5,
-atus,
-avi,
-are,
Nessus,
tell,
neuter,
relate,
nascor,
sum,
niitus
-1,
(260.)
natura,
-ae,
m. [for navita;
-ae,
navalis,
navigo,
navis,
-is,
(169,
nobilis,
f.)
abl.
-T,
Naval.
hortatory
with
lest;
subjunctive,
ne
tiot:
(44, 3.)
and num.
of high birth
-atis,
f.
[necesse], need,
hurt, injure
-avi,
-are,
-atus
Cf. interficio
negotium,
n.
-T,
to,
Noxious.
[ne-vol6], be
will
nomen,
n.
-inis,
not,
not
wish.
[nosco],
is
{that
by
kno'wn), name.
Nominal.
[nex],
and
hill,
no longer.
Cf. baud,
occido.
[nec-6tium, ease],
and num.
-ini (dat.
harm
do
with dat.
Cf. obsum.
business, labor.
neque
-iturus,
necessity.
nemo,
and
swim.
noble.
-uT,
which a thing
necessary.
slay.
adj. \xio%co\,well-known,
(505-)
neco,
-e,
unwilling,
necessitas,
much.
able,
too
snow.
f.
noce5, -ere,
Cf. nonne
Negro.
navigate.
(ace. -em, -im
f.
ship.
-e.),
nix, nivis,
[navis-ag5],
sail, cruise,
black.
ni-si, conj.
-e,
T,
nimium, adv.
navit;],
NAUTICAL,
sailor.
2.d].
NiHiLLST.
no food.
Nilus,
ture, character.
nauta,
f.
Cf mors,
[nascor], by birth,
abl.)
in age.
f.
natu (only
Neutral.
(312.)
nex, necis,
be born.
-tra,
two).
narrate.
m. Nessus, a centaur
-I,
by Hercules,
slain
as.
271
not,
neque, neither
nor
.
nor.
-a,
Cf. -ne
some, several.
n5nus,
.
non-niillus,
answer, not
-a,
ninth.
know.
perf.
2/2
pron.
our men.
ours:
our,
[nos],
and
nostri,
NOTATION.
observe, perceive.
-a,
novem,
novus,
nox,
num.
indecl.
-a,
adj.
noctis,
night.
f.
nudus,
Novelty.
Noctur-
cloud.
-a,
num,
obscurus,
Nullity.
(312.)
and
Cf. nonne
whether.
-ne.
m. number. Numeral.
numquam, adv. [ne-umquam], never.
numerus,
-T,
nuntio, -are,
report,
nuntius,
-atus
-avT,
[nuntius],
m. [nuntio], bearer of
[for
noviper; novus],
who
-ae,
0, interj. O, oh!
ob, prep, with ace.
ob-icio,
-ere,
07t
-ieci,
account
-iectus
of.
[-iacio],
Oblitus,
-a,
obsidio,
Cf. oppugn5.
-onis,
adj.
[obllviscor],
[obsideo], siege,
f.
blockade.
ob-struo,
-structus,
-struxl,
-ere,
-feci,
-factus,
be
astonished, be amazed.
-esse, -ful,
be against,
Cf. noceo.
-uT,
(hold
against),
hold.
Obtain.
ob-trunco,
-tentus [-teneo],
possess,
-avI,
-are,
-atus,
occupy,
cut
to
Occasion.
with dat.
OCCasus,
-us,
f.
chance, opportunity.
Cf. potestas.
m. setting
forgetful.
Obliviscor,
OCCasio, -onis,
offero.
-um,
down
blockade.
fio, tneet ;
Object.
Oblatus, see
[ob-sedeo],
f.
remains as a
or
sits
Ob-tineo, -ere,
nymph.
f.
dark.
(502.)
recently, lately.
nympha,
[obsciiro],
m. and
-idis,
ob-SUm,
fiews, tnessenger.
niiper, adv.
[obscurus],
Obses,
ob-stupesco,
announce.
-T,
-um
-a,
ob-stupefacio,
Cf. iam.
-avT, -atus
Obscure.
(sit
unclothed; nude.
nuUus,
to,
pledge), hostage.
(169.)
-a,
liable
adj.
darken, conceal.
(one
-is, f.
-um,
-a,
to.
7ti7te.
nal.
nubes,
exposed
obscuro, -are,
(229.)
notus,
Ob-noxius,
-T,
Oblivious.
oblitus
sum, forget.
kill.
and obtrunco.
Cf. interficio,
-atus [ob-capio],
-avi,
take possession
seize ;
of,
occupy.
niii tincaiiis
octavus,
-a,
oculus,
odi,
-bris,
m.
-I,
man.
Ocular.
oppidum,
eye.
OniUM.
odor,
Oechalia,
Oechalia, a city of
f.
m.
-I,
Oeneus,
father
of
-ae,
mountain
Oeta,
f.
in
-di,
-fensus
\_oh-'],
strike
offer, present.
officlna, -ae,
f.
that time)
formerly,
ille],
once
-misl,
-missus
[ob-],
gether, entirely.
omnis,
-e,
-eris,
weight.
n.
Cf.
and universus.
load,
Onerous.
ex-
-um, adj.
Cf. auxilium.
(260.)
best.
-I,
work, labor.
Cf. labor.
n. [5r6], oracle.
f.
oration
m.
-oris,
orator
speaker,
[oro],
ambassador.
m.
-is,
circle, orb,
world :
orbis
-are,
-atus,
-avi,
deprive,
be-
reaie.
ordo,
-inis,
m. rank, order
ex ordine,
in succession,
m.
[orior],
rising
Orient.
ortus sum, arise,
spring,
-entis,
(sun), east.
orior,
-Tri,
descend {from)
break.
totus, cunctus,
onus,
aid, help.
-eris, n.
oraculum,
oriens,
0-mitt5,
Cf.
Optimist.
orbis,
workshop, laboratory.
f.
-a,
orator,
[ob-], at-
besiege.
obsideo.
oratio, -onis,
(Greece.
of-fendo, -ere,
-pressus [ob-
[ops], opis,
opus,
Deianira.
Oeta,
be-
town, stronghold.
assault,
optimus,
luiboea.
Oeneus,
n.
pugno and
m. smell, odor.
-ae,
//
m. [oppidum], towns-
-ere, -press!,
0p-pugn5,
tack,
-oris,
(impers.),
-T,
-T,
op-primo,
care,
hate.
n.
-T,
-uit
it is
oppidanus,
hooves,
labor,
and opus.
expectation, opinion.
f.
-ere,
m. [oct5], October.
clef,
-isse,
[opus],
f.
Cf. labor
oportet,
OCT.WE.
eighth.
-ae,
work.
opinio, -onis,
m. ocean.
-i,
October,
[ob-],
-a,
loaded.
opera,
Cf. potior.
oceanus,
onustus,
271
burden,
bulk,
ornamentum,
-T,
n.
[orno],
{that
-us,
ni.
adornment ;
[orno], equipment,
dress.
274
-atus, adorn,
-avi,
orno, -are,
orna-
stretch
-tus
-dl,
-ere,
OS-
show, display.
out;
ovis,
-i,
ovum,
-i,
pabulum,
n. \^z.?,zo\,
-i,
food.
-uit
paenitet, -ere,
(impers.),
it
re-
-I,
m.
-iidis,
paratus,
Parity.
-ere,
-entis,
-ere,
Parsimony.
m. and
-uT,
f.
,
appear), be obedient
parent.
(come forth,
to,
obey ; with
peperl,
-ere,
forth, bear
partus,
bri}ig
-avi, -atus,
make
ready,
pars, partis,
tion, side.
f.
pari, share;
direc-
Partial.
f.
[patior], patience.
suffer,
allow, permit.
patria,
-ae,
[pater], fatherland,
f.
Patr IOTISM.
-a,
trician, noble.
few,
-a,
Paucity.
little.
paulum, adv. a
-a,
little, little.
little,
somewhat.
pavor,
(163.)
-1,
pavidus,
paro, -are,
open, be open,
m. father.
-a,
paulo, adv. by a
lay.
lie
paucus,
dat.
pario,
patientia, -ae,
patior,
prepared.
parco,
-ui,
-tris,
paternus,
[paro], ready,
-factus [pateo],
-feci,
pater,
swamp, marsh.
step,
be exposed.
stake, pale.
f.
m. [pateo], {a stretching
-us,
pate5, -ere,
n. cloak, mantle.
palus,
pasture.
pate-facio, -ere,
palus,
Oval.
n. egg.
-1,
little.
sheep.
pallium,
-a,
{260.)
passus,
n. leisure, idleness.
-is, f.
TENSIBLE.
otium,
significant
parvus,
os-tendo,
-a,
OS, oris, n.
parvulus,
ment, deck.
-oris,
m.
dread, alarm.
pax, pacis,
f.
Cf. timidus.
[pavidus], fear,
Ci. terror.
Pacify.
pecco, -are,
take, err.
-avi, -atus,
make a
Peccadillo.
mis-
Cf. erro.
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY
Pectoral.
-oris, n. breast.
pectus,
pecunia,
-ae,
money.
[pecus],
f.
pedes,
-itis,
Cf. peragro.
-ere, -misi, -missus, allow,
m. [pedes], infan-
-us,
up
-is, f.
pensum,
{what
n.,
-I,
weighed
out,
per-agro,
on account
[ager],
over, trav-
per-contor,
quire.
-ari,
sum, ask,
-atus
per-suadeo,
per-terreo,
-ere,
and
in-
pet5.
per-traho,
per-diic5,
Per-
lose.
-ductus, lead
-duxT,
-ere,
perish.
accomplish
-ere,
-fregl,
-fractus
perrectus [per-
Cf.
periculum.
-i,
n. trial,
danger, peril.
pessimus,
{drag
come
pedem
Pedal.
referre,
-a,
(260.)
Pessimist.
-ivi
attempt
risk,
-itus,
ask,
Cf.
seek,
de-
beg; attack.
postulo,
quaerd,
rogo.
-atis,
f.
PlETY.
loyalty.
(-ii),
for,
Petition.
and
pietas,
completely wreck.
-ere, perrexl,
-veni, -ventus,
mand, ask
pergo,
-Ire,
peto, -ere,
perfect.
per-venio,
Cf. amitto.
dition.
ob-
run through.
stinacy, pertinacity.
strike,
thor-
-itus,
-suasus,
-suasi,
-ere,
tio],
-scriptus,
Cf. sentio.
perceive, feel.
-scripsi,
-ere,
persuade
Cf. perlustro.
erse.
per-scribo,
of.
-atus
-avi,
-are,
burst
means
per-rumpo,
Pelt.
is
-a,
continuous, perpetual.
(260.)
skin, hide.
Permission.
with dat.
perpetuus,
try.
e.g.
per-mitto,
m. \^^s\ foot-soldier
peditatus,
wander
survey.
Peciniary.
pecus,
275
pilum,
-i,
pinguis,
xi.
-e,
f.
javelin.
(Page
2A).fat, heavy.
27.)
276
pinus,-!,
f.
easily pacified,
adj.
-e,
placeo, -ere,
-ei,
plebs, plebis,
f.
{a flatness),
level
portus,
-um, zA^.fidl.
-a,
-are,
plurimus,
-at us,
-avi,
-a,
bewail,
la-
Deplore.
ment, grieve.
more;
many.
poena,
tnent
f.
poeta,
m. a CartJiaginian.
-T,
Roman
m. Pompey, a famous
general.
[posterus],
m.
-T,
-I,
Postern.
(489.)
post-quam, conj.
after.
next day.
postulo, -are,
of
Pomponius, a
f.
imperium and
rogo.
permisoccasio.
-itus
-TrI,
and
[possum], power,
opportutnty,
Cf.
sion.
peto, quaero,
-atis,
of ; with gen.
Cf. occupo.
prae-acutus,
-a,
praebeo,
n. apple.
-eris, n.
weight, bulk.
Pon-
derous.
-ere,
-a,
lowing, next.
or abl.
tribune.
hold forth,
offer,
[prae-habeo],
furnish
cause,
render.
posuT, positus, put, place,
{camp)
pass.
lie.
Position.
-ari,
-atus
's
precautions,
take
care,
DE-
cut
be
take
on
guard.
prae-cido, -ere,
POPULATE.
prae-caveo,
one
as adv. afterwards.
potior,
-el,
Pomponius,
pono,
503-)
authority
m. Polyphemus, a
-T,
Cyclops.
Pompeius,
pondus,
potestas,
m. poet.
-ae,
Polyphemus,
pomum,
be able,
possum, posse, potui,
can : plurimum posse, be very powerful, have most influence.
(344, b,
demand. Cf.
fnent.
Poenus,
{242, a.)
n. cup, bowl.
-T,
-ae,
(260.)
plur. tnore,
Plural.
(260, 261.)
poculum,
m. harbor, port.
and veho.
-lis,
plebeians.
ploro,
Portal.
gate, door.
f.
with
grotind, plain.
plenus,
Etruria.
Cf. fero
f.,
m. Porsena, a king of
please
-uT, -itus,
Placid.
dat.
planities,
-i,
-ae,
porta, -ae,
placable.
Populous.
m. people.
populus,
Porsena,
off.
praecipue, adv.
ticularly.
-cTdT, -cTsus
[-caed5],
Precise.
chiefly, especially, par-
Cf maxime, praesertim.
.
'
-a,
-ae,
f.
Predatory.
prey.
prae-dico,
-are,
-atus
-arl,
Cf. spolium.
tnale
-atus,
-avi,
known, proclaim,
cate.
praedor,
Predi-
boast.
carry
pratum,
-latus,
Prefer.
(506.)
praesaepe,
praecipue.
<Zi.
protector,
guardian.
-ere, -sedT,
before),
over
preside
n.
-I,
with
support,
praestans,
-antis,
remarkable,
passing.
adj.
[praestd],
extraordinary,
sur-
Cf. egregius.
praestantia, -ae,
f.
out, surpass, be
erable
[praestans], /rt--
be at the
dat.
-stiti,
-esse, -fui,
to,
stand
be pref-
Cf. supero.
,
be before,
(345.)
value
reward,
(used mostly in
f.
prayer, entreaty.
{}^x\m\x%\, at first, first,
m. plur. [primus],
primus,
-um, adj.
-a,
Prime.
(489.)
-cipis,
the
leader.
Prince.
adv.
foremost.
m. [primus-capio],
{taking
prius,
first,
Primal.
first
place),
chief,
Cf. dux.
[prior],
before,
sooner,
previously.
prius-quam,
-a,
vate.
-stilus,
superior
perform.
prae-sum,
plur.),
privatus,
eminence, superiority.
prae-sto, -stare,
[pretium],
precious.
n. price,
-1,
princeps,
[praesideo], de-
protection,
help,
pretium,
primum,
[-sede5],
President.
fence,
-um, adj.
-a,
primores, -um,
[praesideo],
f.
prae-sideo,
dat.
pretiosus,
prim5, adv.
present.
m. and
tent.
meadow.
[prex, precis],
n. stable, stall.
praesidium,
general's
n.
-T,
n.
-I,
ransom
Cf. antepono.
larly, chiefly.
bordered:
adj.
costly, 7'aluable,
-idis,
-urn,
-a,
seize.
prize.
-is,
pass
by,
prehend5,-ere,-hendi,-hensus,^raj/,
reward,
n.
before, prefer.
go
praetorium,
prae-pono,
{sit
praetextus,
trates
-tull,
praemium, -T,
Premium.
praeses,
by.
[praeda], rob,
diate,
praeter-eo,
border,
sum
plunder.
prae-fero, -ferre,
bc-forc.
m oreoz'cr.
did, i^lorioiis.
praeda,
277
with
abl.
accordance with.
pr5bo,
-are,
prove.
-avi,
-atus,
prove, ap-
278
and pergo.
Cf. progredior
ceed.
surus,
n. sign,
-T,
omen, prodigy.
Prodigious.
prSditor,
pro-duco,
-duxl, -ductus,
-ere,
mish.
n.
-i,
lead
Produce.
proelium,
traitor.
Cf. pugna.
march,
-i,
go.
pro-fundo,
ottt,
-fectus
sum,
Cf. exe5
and
-fiidi,
shed copiously.
pro-gredior,
dior],
gress.
bri>ig
set out,
egredior.
-fusus, pour
Profuse.
-gressus
sum
pro-veh5,
proximus,
prudens,
pr5-moveo,
-ere,
-T,
n.
move
Promote.
pudor,
-ius,
adj.
caicse
for
[diminutive of puer],
f.
girl, 7naiden.
-e rl,
pugna,
Cf.
[prope], nearer,
(489.)
pr6-p6no,
public
boy, ch ild.
03
)
.
Puer-
ile.
m. shame,
-oris,
puer,
Propel.
propior,
[populus],
to the people),
shame, disgrace.
puella, -ae,
-um, adj.
-a,
propero,
[prudens], foresight,
wisdom, prudence.
state, publicly.
publicus,
forward, drive.
-ae,f.
providens],
knowing, prudent.
see res.
-movi, -motus,
forward, advance.
{pertaining
promontory.
forth,
Provoke.
of the
-mptus [pr5-em5],
-a,
wise, sagacious,
sagacity,
promontorium,
Proximity.
(489.)
prudentia,
-ere, -mpsi,
carry
pro-voco, -are,
[-gra-
pr5mo,
cover in
-texT, -tectus,
front, protect.
-T,
(345.)
pro-tego, -ere,
challe?tge, invite.
-ere,
be
proceed.
-latus,
-tulT,
(506.)
proficlscor,
beneft, avail
to,
forth.
before, be useful
pro-fero, -ferre,
de-
thrown
adj.
-urn,
-a,
down, prostrate.
pro-sum, prodesse, profuT,
with dat.
m. betrayer,
-oris,
make known,
Proposition.
prostratus,
off.
prodigium,
before, setforth ;
clare, propose.
test,
-ae,
f.
fight.
[pugno],
battle,
Cf. proelium.
con-
Pugna-
cious.
pugno,
[pugna] ,7?^//^
Cf. dimico.
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULA R Y
quercus,
Punicus,
puni5,
-a,
-Ire,
Pulverize.
m. dust.
-eris,
(-il),
[poena],
-itus
Purge.
purus,
tree, oak.
bewail.
of,
m. [queror], complaint,
-us,
um,
-a,
Cf. arbitror
reckon.
putridus,
-a,
who,
liad,
rotten,
decayed.
Pyrrhus,
Pyrrhus, king of
ni.
f.
Cf. quod.
Epirus.
-ae,
adj.
that.
i,
and
what,
rel.
which,
(210.)
and existimo.
-um, adj.
quod,
quae,
qui,
pron.
Pythia,
complain
questus,
oak
-1,
wailing.
punish.
purg5,
-us, f
queror,
279
quies,
quidem, not
-etis,
first
word),
truth
in
certainly,
ne
ei'en.
f.
repose.
Q.,
quadragesimus,
-a,
quietus,
fortieth.
(-il),
quaesTtus,
and rogo.
that, that.
nam
quam-quam,
and
great,
quartus,
iMox'],
-a,
how
as,
as
-a,
[quat-
quatio,
que-decem],
fifteen.
[quinque],
indecl.
num.
adj.
adj.
five.
fifty.
num.
indecl.
Quinquennial.
-a,
adj./////.
,
quassus, {shake),
quippe,
adv.
and conj.
truly,
no
strike.
m. Quinctius, family
-T,
quintus,
if.
-ere,
pron.
of Cincinnatus.
quinque,
fourteenth.
qua-si, adv. as
interrog.
quinquaginta,
Quart.
fourth.
quartus decimus,
Quinctius,
name
(quidnam),
adj.
quantus,
-a,
inactive.
enclitic,
2.6].
four.
and.
Cf.
terrog.
pron.
which? what?
and
(142.)
adj.
in-
who?
28o
si, nisi,
and num,
recess.
re-cipio, -ere, -cepT, -ceptus [-capi5],
iking.
tahe
or
fern,
anything
(335.)
{at all).
back,
recipere,
one
-are,
-avi,
-at us,
refresh,
Recreation.
recreate, revive.
e-very.
rectus,
(335.)
wish),
Cf.
that.
what
how?
2vay?
re-cumbo,
-ere, -cubuT,
He down,
Recumbent.
sink down.
{run back),
Recur.
[-causa], de-
word), also,
quoque, conj.
(after
an
emphatic
rel.
as: tot
red-eo,
adj.
.
so-
cinnatus.
-ae,
dering.
rapio, -ere,
f.
re-duc6,
-tus,
[re(d)-
seize; snatch,
back, returned.
-ferre,
-ttulT,
nounce: pedem
re-ficio,
lead
Reduce.
-ucis, adj.
come
-ductus,
-duxl,
-ere,
make
f.,
-emi, -emptus
-ere,
-latus,
bring
withdraw,
Relate.
drag.
ratio, -onis,
-ere,
back; reticrn,
Rapine.
-uT,
back,
re-fero,
-ae, i.frog.
rapina,
go
redux,
f.
-itus [re(d)-],
-ii,
(507.)
redimo,
Racilia. -ae,
-ire,
return.
Cf. etiam.
too.
rana,
cline, refise.
quia,
how
-um
-a,
rect, right.
retire, return.
whither, where.
se
retreat, betake
'j self.
re-creo,
recover:
receive,
withdraw,
-fectus
-feci,
[-facio],
over, repair.
-ere,
-fregl,
-fractus
-fugi,
ere,
regina,
-ae,
Refuge.
{the ruling
[rego],
f.
for
flee
one), queen.
regio, -onis,
regius,
i.
[rex],
Regent.
-iectus
-iecl,
[-iacio],
Reject.
-lapsus sum, (slide back),
Relapse.
banish, expel.
leave,
abandon.
Relin-
(jrisH.
Cf. ceteri.
-missus,
-ere, -movT,
back), remove.
re-muneror,
-arl,
-motus,
Remote.
m. oar.
-I,
-are,
-avi,
-pulT,
report,
-ere,
-missus,
-m!sl,
f.
fact
commonwealth
qua
re,
'wherefore.
re-sisto,
-ere,
-stiti,
Rescind.
-ere,
resist,
-sus
-si,
[-spargo],
bespatter, besprinkle.
re-spondeo,
-ere,
-dl,
-sponsus,
-pulsus,
responsum,
-I,
n.
[respondeo], reply,
response.
<//-/rr
re-stituo,
-ere,
and statim.
-utus
-ul,
replace, restore.
demand
respond.
-atus,
Renunciation.
-ere,
promise in return.
announce.
Cf. refero.
re-spergo,
of
re-nuntio,
REPORT.
re-posc6, -ere,
put
sum, repay,
-atus
-positus,
REMUNERATE.
reward.
-T,
-posul,
-ere,
(275)
send
Remit.
re-moveo,
up
REPLETE.
again.
res, rel,
-a,
re-pello,
erer, inventor.
re-promitto,
remus,
away,
reliquus,
win, gain.
-T,
behind,
-Tre,
re-p6no,
-ere,
re-labor,
unexpectedly.
re-perio,
re-icio,
-a,
2I
[-statuo],
Restitution.
-tentus
[-teneo],
Retain.
282
re-vertor,
rex, regis, m.
Rhea
(active in perf.,
perf.),
fut.
turn back,
Revert.
return.
(479,
sum
-sus
-i,
and
plup.,
Silvia,
-ae,
Rhea
Silvia,
-ere,
rigeo,
risus,
-ere,
at,
be
numb.
crack, chink.
f.
-i,
robur,
-oris, n.
rogO, -are,
oak ;
-avT,
-i,
Xi\.
Rivulet.
strength. Cf
of
vis.
and
postulo.
-T,
rudis,
f.
m. Romulus,
first
king
rude, uncultivated,
steep
rock,
cliff.
Cf.
rusticus,
-e,
healthy,
[salus],
adj.
wholesome, salutary.
-utis,
welfare;
safety,
f.
Salutatory.
salute, welcome.
salvus,
-a,
safe, sound.
-inis,
Cf. tutus,
m.
blood.
Cf. cruor.
[sapiens], wisdom.
enough,
adv.
satis,
sufficietitly.
saxum,
-i,
n. stone, rock.
Cf. riipes.
sazum.
197.)
trux.
Satisfy.
rus,
-lis, TO.,
sapientia, -ae,
f.
and
arrow.
rose.
-is,
f.
greeting.
ignorant.
rupes,
Cf. atrox
sanguis,
adj.
-e,
-a,
saliibris,
salQs,
Rome,
rosa, -ae,
saevus,
saltus,
.
{490.)
-tus,
-Ire, -si,
rogus,
sacrifice.
saepio,
sagitta, -ae,
bank.
f.
m. brook.
rivus,
sac-
[sacrifice],
n.
-T,
fierce.
-ae,
ripa, -ae,
sacrificium,
Rigid.
rima,
[sacer],
f.
laugh
Deride.
laugh.
m. and
-otis,
rifice.
f.
risi,
sacerdos,
priest, priestess.
Regal.
a)
n. the country.
Cf. patria
-a,
schola, -ae,
and
(195,
b,
terra,
scio,
-ire,
school.
f.
scivi
know how.
tiny spark.
(-il),
scTtus,
SCIENCE.
know,
Cf. nosco
and cognosco.
Scipi5, -5nis, m.
Roman
tribe of Italy.
f.
scintillula, -ae,
general.
Scipio, a
(Page
famous
97.)
septen-decim,
Septimus,
Scripture.
scriptor, -Oris,
m.
[scribo], writer,
sequor,
-I,
sectio, -Onis,
secundus,
(a cutting), sale
f.,
-a,
-um, adj.
following, next
sed, conj. iut.
servitus,
of
[sequor],
second.
-is, f.
Cf. autem.
[sedeo],
f.
discord,
[sedeo],
sitter,
sextus,
num.
adj. six.
-um, num.
-a,
adj.
[sex],
Sextus,
f.
sextus decimus,
num. adv.
m. [senex], cotmcil of
elders, senate.
senectus,
m.
[senex],
elder.
sic,
adv.
ita
sensi, sensus,/tv/,
know
Cf.
-a,
-um, sixteenth.
so,
-a,
sepultus, bury,
on
f.,
{a pointing out),
announcement, signal.
(Page 151.)
silva, -ae,
similis,
n.
-1,
signal.
-T,
f.
-e,
simplex,
n. silence.
wood, forest.
adj.
-icis,
[simul],
time
[septem], Septem-
simultas,
Silvan.
like,
re-
(254.)
[similis],
at the
adj. seven.
in sicco,
Sicily.
f.
significatio, -onis,
simul, adv.
inter.
dry ground.
sembling, similar.
percipio.
Cf.
and tam.
silentium,
Senior.
-bris
first
whether.
if,
signum,
Senile.
{260.)
-oris,
September,
conj.
Sicilia, -ae,
-litis, f.
-ire,
si,
siccus,
everlasting.
-us,
Roman
m. Sextus, a
-1,
name.
ber.
m.
sex, indecl.
-onis,
sepeli5,
slave, servant.
-oris,
sixth
sella, -ae,
senti5,
m.
-T,
rider.
revolt, sedition.
man.
[servus], slavery,
f.
serve.
servus,
perch.
senior,
-utis,
sessor,
Sedentary.
senatus,
follow.
Section.
setnel,
?,\xm,
servitude.
seditio,
secutus
-T,
(Page 163.)
n. shield.
sedes,
-a,
sit.
adj.
tem], seventh.
author.
scutum,
num.
indecl.
[septem-decem], seventeen.
ScRIBE.
secretary.
283
-atis,
f.
same
as.
[similis], rivalry.
284
singularis,
-e,
Singular.
singuli, -ae,
-a,
one on each
single, separate.
side,
Sinister.
-um, adj. placed,
whether
seu,
-atis,
if,
f.
whether:
.
or.
[socius], alliance,
m. comrade, companion,
ally.
Social.
sol, solis, m. (no gen. plur.), sun.
socius,
-i,
Solar.
sum
(semi-depo-
-a,
m.
-T,
/i^^j^?,
loosen;
Solve.
tioise,
din, clash.
S0n5, -are,
cent.
spolio, -are,
rob,
-oris,
m.
sound, resound.
sors, sortis,
f. lot,
spatium,
n. rootn,
-I,
slumber.
sleep,
f.
spolium,
n.
-T,
f.
m.
-oris,
stabulum, -I,
on the
space, distance,
appearance,
Species.
-arl,
SPECTACLE.
-atus
sum, spy
f.
statua, -ae,
f.
Squalid.
repente.
[sto],
{standing place),
f.
up), statue.
-litus
-uT,
{make
[sto],
[sto], stature.
star.
f.
stipendium,
-T,
n.
wages, pay
mili-
Stipend.
adv.
[stolidus],
stupidly,
stolidly.
stolidus,
out,
dirt, filth.
immediately, at once.
and
statio, -onis,
stolide,
of (one's own)
n. [st.d], {standingplace),
spot,
Stella, -ae,
sight,
abl.
accord.
tary service.
(-ei),
[spolium],
Cf. praeda.
spoil.
statiira, -ae,
sister.
time.
pretence.
-atus
-avT,
statuo, -ere,
-ul, -itus,
soror, -oris,
spelunca,
shitie.
[splendeo],
post, station.
Somnolent.
sleep.
speculor,
-um
-a,
Cf. subito
species
spem
in
stable, stall.
sole.
somnus,
sopor,
-ere,
splendidus,
squalor,
solus,
[spero], hope
f.
societas,
hope for.
spes, speT,
splendeo,
lying,
set,
situated.
seu
spurn.
reject, scorn,
situs,
sperno,
-a,
-um
pid
stringo, -ere, strinxT, strictus,
tight;
draw
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULA R Y
studium,
-T,
n. zeal,
stultitia. -ae,
stupeo,
i.
eagerness
study.
foolishness, folly.
-Cre, -ui,
be astonished,
suadeo,
-C-re, -si,
and
abl.
under,
sub-do,
put under,
-ire,
enter
sub-ici5,
-ii,
-itus,
go under,
undergo.
-ere,
up
with dat.
[-ago],
-actus
-egl,
Cf. repente
and statim.
sub-levo, -are,
-atus,
-avT,
lift
up,
resting on
adj.
siimpsi,
-ere,
highest,
(4S9.)
Sum.
sumptus,
take,
-ere,
-mersT,
-mersus,
overwhelm, submerge.
sub-rideo, -ere,
subsidium,
-I,
Subsidy.
-risl,
n.
help,
smile.
aid,
Cf. auxilium
and
abl. over,
super-iacio, -ere,
and
prae-
stand
-iecT, -iectus,
throw
cast upon.
fall
-ius, adj.
(489.)
supero, -are,
surpass,
conquer.
outdo,
Cf. praesto
survive
pass
overcome,
and
-esse, -fuT,
be left over
relief.
-stitl,
vinco.
be over,
with dat.
(345-)
superus,
-a,
(489.)
sub-venio,
suc-cid5,
super-adst5, -stare,
super-sum,
sidium.
'j
over;
i.e.
sub-mergo,
-Ire,
-venl, -ventus,
{come
caedo],
down,
sum5,
superior,
-um,
-a,
bridge,
one
adj.
extreme.
super-incido,
raise up.
sublicius,
to
-um,
-a,
greatest,
oz'er.
sink,
summus,
above, upon.
-iectus [-iacio],
-ere, -ieci,
sub-igo,
go.
(507.)
piles
exist.
be,
take up ; assume.
set to.
to,
(492.)
futurus,
ful,
C0NSUMM.A.TE.
to.
sub-eo,
esse,
(502.)
up
sum,
of himself {herself
themselves).
itself,
amazed.
be
285
{cut
-cidi,
-cTsus
from
tnider),
[sub-
cut
supplex,
-icis, adj.,
treaty),
noun,
hu/nble,
{kneeling in en-
suppliant;
as
supplia>it.
supplicium,
-T,
n.
[supplex], punish-
tnent, torture.
fell.
suc-cingo,
supremus,
-a,
(489.)
Supreme.
{run up
sudor,
last.
-oris,
m. sweat.
succor.
suspicio, -onis,
cion.
f.
[suspicor], suspi-
286
su-spicor, -an, -atus
sum
[suspicio],
hold up,
teneo],
endure;
bear,
-a,
and pron.
their, theirs.
-atis,
[tempus], storm,
f.
tempest, weather.
templum,
tempus,
tempestas,
suspect, mistrust.
teneo, -ere,
tentus, hold,
-ui,
93.)
Temporal.
n. titne.
keep,
have.
tener, -era, -erum, adj.
(229.)
(Page
temple.
n.
-T,
-oris,
soft, delicate,
tender.
tacitus,
talis,
-a,
-um, adj.
Tacit.
silent.
much.
Cf. ita
and
-ere,
tactus,
tetigi,
touch.
Tan'gent.
tantulus,
-a,
-um,
adj.
so
great,
so
-atis,
[tardus], slowness.
f.
-a,
land ;
region.
-ere,
[terror],
-itus
-uT,
adj.
-e,
of the
TERRESTRIAL.
land, land.
terror,
m.
-oris,
Cf. horribilis.
tertium, adv.
tertius,
[terreo],
terror,
Cf. pavor.
[\.en\\i.?,'],the
third tifne.
-a,
[tres],
Tarentinus,
tum, a
-a,
city
tertius decimus,
southern Italy;
thalamum,
Tiberis,
-a,
Tarquinius,
m. Tarquin,
name
of
weapon.
-is,
-i,
chamber.
n.
m.
-i,
Italy.
a river of Italy.
Ticinus,
tines.
Tarpeius,
-a,
thirteenth.
sluggish, tardy.
-1,
wear
{rub,
third.
hinder.
tectum,
earth,
f.
alarm, fear.
tardus,
-ae,
frightful, terrible.
only.
much, such.
tarditas,
tritus,
trivl,
tantus], so small.
-a,
a tergo, behind,
Terrace.
terrestris,
-ere,
terreo,
length, finally.
tango,
back
n.
theless.
tandem, adv.
-T,
in the rear.
tero,
sic.
tamen, adv.
telum,
Cf. experior.
tergum,
adj. such.
-e,
timeo,
of.
-,fear, be afraid
-ere, -ui,
Timid.
timidus,
-a,
Cf. vereor.
hearted, timid.
tintinnabulum,
-i,
n. bell.
LA TIN-ENGLISH VOCABULAR Y
Tiryns
(ace. Tiryntha),
Titus,
f.
Tiryns, a
m.
-I,
trecenti,
-ae,
num.
-a,
adj.
[tre.s-
Greece.
city of
287
Roman
Titus, a
first
name,
tre-decim, num.
[tres-deeem],
adj.
thirteen.
toga, -ae,
f.
trepidatio,
toga.
-onis,
[trepido], con-
f.
togatus,
-a,
the toga.
trepidation.
Tolerate.
toUo,
-ere,
Cf. fero.
be in confusion.
sublatus, raise,
sustulT,
Torquatus,
-i,
m. [torquis], Torqua-
tus,
-a,
(312.)
ToT.VL.
versus,
and cunctus.
trabs, trabis,
tracts,
f.
-are,
handle, feel
tra-do,
-ere,
all, entire.
omnis,
Cf.
log.
[traho],
-atus
-didi,
-ditus
[trans-],
surrender, de-
tip,
traxi,
-ere,
drag, lead.
tra-icio,
iacio],
-ere,
draw,
tractus,
Traction.
-iecT,
-iectus
[trans-
[trans-],
swim
across.
(507.)
-ii,
-itus,
go
through,
stab.
Roman
adj.
[tres],
thirty.
sad, gloomy.
adj.
-e,
Cf.
maestus.
triumphalis,
-e,
[triumphus],
adj.
-fixi,
-fixus, pierce
TRANSFIX,
triumpho,
-are,
-avi,
-atus
[tri-
celebrate a triumph.
triumphus,
Troia,
-I,
m.
[triumpho],
tri-
-ae, f
Troy,
an ancient
city of
Asia Minor.
trux, trucis, adj. wild, harsh, savage,
Cf. atrox
and saevus.
-T,
(492.)
(Page
trumpet.
f.
tugurium,
tumulus,
35.)
n. hut, cottage.
,go over
-T,
dike.
tunc,
tri-
umph.
(to
num.
indecl.
triginta,
tuba,
over, cross.
Transit.
trans-figo, -ere,
m. tribune, a
-T,
ofticer.
fierce.
-Tre,
(304.)
[inhvinMs], judg-
n.
umph.
trans-eo,
adj. three.
tribunus,
umphus],
traho,
-alis,
of.
num.
tribunal,
tristis,
beam, timber,
-avI,
uni-
tres, tria,
[tum],
adv.
at
that
time,
then.
turba,
-ae,
f.
288
turbulentus,
-a,
Turbulent.
turpis,
-e,
graceful, shameful.
turris,
-is, f.
tutela, -ae,
tutus,
f.
Turret.
(479.)
guardianskip, charge,
Tutelary.
care.
tuus,
tower.
-a, -urn,
adj. safe.
one person).
-a,
alone.
(304-)
-is, f.
usus,
-us,
city.
when
Suburbs.
(169.)
m. use,
ut or uti, adv.
benefit,
advantage.
as,
to.
Cf. salvus.
-a,
unus,
urbs,
yours
only
(of
(229.)
uter,
-trum,
-tra,
%vhich
{of two)
zvhich
uter,
to
uter
the other.
m. leather
-tris,
pron.
interrog.
.'
utri,
{312.)
bottle,
skin (of
wine).
ubi, interrog.
and
adv. where,
rel.
when.
ultus sum, avenge.
-i,
Ulixes,-is, m. Ulysses, a
-um,
-a,
adj.
Greek hero.
[for
unulus,
-!,
unda,
f.
wave.
adj.
[unus-
-a,
unguis,
-is,
m.
unicus,
-a,
-um, adj.
claw, talon.
universus,
-arl,
[unus], only.
-uT, -iturus,
good health
be strong, be
farewell,
vale,
good-bye.
m. Valerius, a
-I,
Roman
name.
-a,
stout, sturdy.
vallum,
varius,
Unique.
sheath, scabbard.
m. a crying.
-atus sum, wander.
valeo, -ere,
validus,
f.
-lis,
Valerius,
[unus-de-vlginti], nitteteenth.
tiail,
vagor,
in
decim], eleventh.
undevicesimus,
-ae,
vagitus,
adv. whence.
-a,
(388.)
wife.
f.
-a,
vagina,
Undulate.
rel.
undecimus,
-oris,
destitute.
-ae,
-1,
vacuus,
m. shoulder.
umquam,
advan-
last.
Ultimate.
(489.)
Valid.
n. earthrvorks,
-1,
Cf. fortis.
7-ampart.
-a,
vas, vasis,
f.
(plur. vasa,
-orum,
n.),
vase, pot.
-a,
-um,
adj.
[unus-
Universal.
cunctus, omnis, and totus.
all,
utor,
{312.)
useful,
Utility.
tageous.
uxor,
ultimus,
umerus,
ulciscor,
uUus,
uterque,
in a mass.
Cf.
vasto,
[vastus], lay
waste, ravage.
vastus,
-a,
desolate
immense, huge.
LA TIN-ENGLISH
-ve, conj., enclitic (44, 3), or.
-ere,
carry,
vectus,
convey;
pass,
ride,
sail.
or
vel
vel,
envelope, veil.
swiftness, velocity.
f.
venator,
vendo,
-oris,
venia,
-ae,
indulgence, favor.
f.
venor,
-ari,
-atus
venter,
-tris,
ventus,
-T,
m.
Ve-
verbum,
word.
n.
-T,
verecundia,
-ae,
f.
-eri, -itus
Vernal.
Verb.
Roman
Veritas,
Vergil,
famous
deal with.
versus, sec verto.
-a,
vesper,
Vesta,
eat.
real.
Cf. edo.
m. n'eniug, nightfall.
-erT,
f.
[victor], victory.
district, street.
see,
perceive
Vision.
n.
-Tre,
Vesta, a goddess.
conquer, de-
vlci, victus,
-ere,
Cf. supero.
feat.
-T,
n. [vincio],
chain, bond:
to,
claim, demand.
-ae,
f.
vinum,
-I,
n.
VINDICATE.
(Page 155.)
shelter, vinea.
-i,
-ae,
vincio,
vinea,
-tl,
f.
-inis,
vinculum,
125.)
verto, -ere,
vimen,
vinc5,
f.
f.
m. village,
osier.
(Page
poet.
-atis,
-I,
vigilia, -ae,
bashfulness, mod-
verus,
m. [vinco], conqueror,
as adj. victorious.
sum./t'ar, reverence,
m.
-i,
[vi-
-a,
Cf. timeo.
Vergilius,
gap.
Vicinity.
bor.
viCUS,
esty ; reverence.
respect.
street ;
-a,
vict5ria, -ae,
stomach.
m. wind.
vescor,
way, road,
f.
victor
Vet-
(260.)
Cf. antiquus.
victor, -oris,
-ire,
vereor,
eran.
nial.
venio,
mother of
Coriolanus.
vicinus,
Venom.
n. poison.
-T,
robe, clothing.
Veturia,
f.
gintl], twentieth.
vend.
venenum,
-ae,
vicesimus,
if, like.
m. [venor], hunter.
n. [vestis], clothing,
garment,
-is, f.
via, -ae,
-atis,
(229.)
-I,
Vestment.
garment.
vestis,
vetus,
Cf. aut.
or.
vel5citas,
one person).
Veturia,
conj. [vol5],
either
and
more than
-tra,
vestimentum,
Vehicle.
vel,
289
draw,
'OCA BULARY
vester,
veho,
wine.
m. man, hero.
(478.)
homo.
vireo, -ere,
be green.
Cf.
290
virga, -ae,
virg5,
virgula, -ae,
small
f.
f.
bravery
vis,
Vola-
tile.
,
wish, be will(505.)
voltus,
m. countcnatice,
-us,
looks,
features.
vita, -ae,
[vivo],
f.
-T,
Volumnia,
Vital.
life.
Cf. culpa.
Cf. habito
live.
-avi,
Vocation.
Volcanus,
-i,
-atus
voluntas,
-atis, f.
voluptas,
-atis,
[volo], will,
good
VOLUNTARY.
will, consent.
Vorenus,
Volumnia, wife of
f.
[vol5], pleasure,
enjoyment.
Vivid.
incolo.
-ae, f.
Coriolanus.
vine.
-is, f.
voco,
[volnero], wound.
of Italy.
Cf. robur.
(482.)
attce.
and
-eris, n.
vitium,
volnus,
virtue, valor.
f.
violence.
vitis,
VULNER-
injure.
ABLE.
maiden, virgin.
7-od.
virtus, -utis,
age,
wound, hurt,
twig, rod.
f.
-inis, f.
[vox],
call.
m. Vorenus, a centurion.
[voco], voice, word,
f.
-i,
v5x, vocis,
VoCAL.
remark.
Cf. appello.
vulpes,
-is,
f /^jf
.
Vulpine.
fire.
volnero, -are,
-avi,
-atus
[volnus].
Zama,
-ae,
f.
Zama, a town
in Africa.
ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY
For the principal pans
and
of verbs
not giv
otlier details
may be made
ere, reference
The
to the
figures,
i,
2, 3,
4 after
a,
an,
commonly
not translated
qul-
(quid-
about to
-gnim
acer,
-T,
-a,
atque (ac)
et,
ira, -ae,
advance, procedo,
advise, moneo,
-alls, n.
2.
par-
(335)
again, rursus.
arm, armo, i.
arms, arma, -orum,
army,
aid, V. iuvo,
i.
all,
omnis,
as,
;
totus,
-a,
-um
(312).
alone, solus,
-um
-a,
unus,
also,
-a,
-um
subjv.
interrogo,
(for),
rogo,
3.
assemble, congrego,
at, in,
quoque.
with
so,
conveniS,
4.
ccc.
or abl.
with
names
although, cum,
cum, with
ask,
as to (after
already, iam.
n.
peto,
(31-^)-
i.
-e
quIvTs, quaevis,
approach, adpropinquo,
alas
ullus, -a,
quidquam
in
ticiple.
eheu
(169).
2.
implied
abl.
-um (312);
with
-um.
3.
2 (49S).
sometimes
in,
-que.
answer, responded,
i.
in.
animal, animal,
another,
acris, acre.
after,
and,
anger,
of cause.
(on), abl.
adorn, orno,
ace.
ancient, antlquus,
abl.
account of
with
inter,
Amulius, Amulius,
always, semper.
among,
loitli
subjv.
292
at last, iam, tandem,
attack, n. impetus,
broad, latus,
Augustus, Augustus,
away
m.
-us,
m.
-I,
-um.
-a,
brother, frater,
-tris,
Brutus, Brutus,
build, aedifico,
m.
m.
-1,
i.
building, aadificium,
bad, malus,
pugna,
battle,
-T,
be,
-um
-a,
but, sed
(260).
-ae,
/.
proelium,
sum
a,
autem
-T,
at.
3.
(502).
fero
bear,
buy, emo,
by,
n.
tolero,
(506);
sus-
times ijiiplied
ill
means
some-
participle.
tineS, 2.
Caesar, Caesar,
because, quod
call, appalls,
become,
quia,
fI6 (508).
behooves
benefit,
oportet,
(it),
prosum
between,
2.
voc5,
i.
ace.
plitr.
i.
cum
cura.
fero (506);
carry, ports, i;
2.
bind, vinci5,
m.
-aris,
ace
inter, with
bid, iubeo,
carry
4.
<r).
Carthaginian,
-I,
m.
blame, culp5,
i.
-a,
body, corpus,
-oris, n.
boldly,
book,
cum
cause, praebeS,
fortis, -e.
m.
certain
-5
both
boy, puer,
-eri,
brave, fortis,
and,
at
at.
cum
-Srum,
virtute.
educ5,
faro (506)
m.
i.
in), sustineo, 2.
711.
VI.
citizen, civis,
;
(up),
-is,
m.
and/
I.
Briton, Britannus,
quaedam,
(335).
-T,
change, mfUo,
-e.
bravely, fortiter
bring,
m.
quoddam (quiddam)
check (hold
m.
-us,
quidam,
(a),
chance, locus,
-I,
m.
-um.
2.
cavalry, aquitatus,
audacia.
liber, -brl,
Poenus,
n.
-a,
-um.
liberi,
deputy, legatus,
veil 10, 4.
coming,
command,
iubeo,
suni (504),
2,
with ace.
prae-
dat.
U'i//t
lei
m.
socT,
conquer, supero,
consul, consul,
vinco,
Corinth, Corinthus,
diligenter
3.
dog, canis,
patria,
-ae,
{)iot city),
-I,
also as auxil-
m.
and/
m.
-is,
draw, educ5,
(up), instruo,
3.
i.
dwell, habits,
-T,
3.
-utis,/
3.
cup, poculum,
dili-
drive, agito,
virtiis,
cum
3.
ago, 3
doctor, medicus,
/.
-T,
rus, runs, n.
i.
i.
danger, perlculum,
-T,
uterque, utiaque,
n.
-ae,
filia,
utrumque
(312).
(page
22,
2).
day, dies,
f acio,
iary
3.
note
morior,
do,
daughter,
die, dect'do, 3
dismount, descends,
dance, salto,
-um.
2.
dismiss, dimitto,
3.
-ae, /.
-ulis, /.
contend, contendo,
cover, tegd,
-a,
destroy, deleo,
gentia.
constancy, constantia,
courage,
desirous, cupidus,
diligently,
m.
publicae, f.
comrade, socius,
/.
-I,
>t.
293
-el,
dear, carus,
m.
-a,
and/
(275).
easy,
facilis, -e (254).
elephant, elephantus,
-um.
eleven, undecim.
death (put
to), interficio, 3.
end,
deck, oino,
endure, tolero,
i.
enemy,
-is,
deep, altus,
-a,
-um.
defend, defends,
i.
-oris,
m.
deprive, prTv5,
i.
hostis,
-T,
c).
m. and/;
iniml-
m. (171).
3,
with
abl.
i.
m. (169,
m.
cus,
enjoy, fruor,
3.
defender, defensor,
finis, -is,
-T,
tn.
phir.
294
example, exemplum,
excel, praesto,
form, facio,
n.
-I,
with dat.
i,
former,
3.
-ud.
ille, -a,
fortify, miinio, 4.
found, condo,
ni.
faithful, fidelis,
3.
fourteen, quattuordecim.
free, adj. liber, -era, -erum.
-e.
faithfully, fideliter.
free, v. libero,
famous,
friend, amicus,
clarus,
-a, -urn.
farmer, agricola,
father, pater,
-ae, vi.
-tris,
w.
vereor,
February, Februarius,
few, pauci,
-T,
m.
full,
m.
fifteenth, quTndecimus,
pugno,
out
compleo,
pugnatur.
is),
impleo,
first,
primus,
five,
quinque.
-ae,
-i,
m.
m.
Gallus,
(a),
-i,
m.
2.
-oris, in.
m. (169,
c).
-um.
-a,
gift,
donum,
girl, puella,
fly, fugio, 3.
give, do,
-is, in.
inimicus,
-T,
dono,
glad, laetus,
in.
n.
-!,
cum
i.
-um.
-a,
gladly,
3.
-a,
food, cibus,
in.
-i,
with
in,
go, e5 (507)
-um.
m.
-itis,
m.
(off,
discedo, 3
going
of dative
gaudio.
-1,
in.
;/.
away), demigro,
abeo.
(482).
nam.
with
god, deus,
foot-soldier, pedes,
with
-ae,/
follow, sequor,
fond, cupidus,
4,
abl. (3SS).
flee, fugio, 3.
for, sign
from, e
of separation.
Gaul
i.
find, reperio, 4.
for, conj.
from, a
of,
-um.
-a,
garden, hortus,
-a, -urn.
dimicS,
fighting (there
foe, hostis,
planus,
away
abl. ;
abl. ;
abl. ; abl.
Galba, Galba,
-erum.
fill,
or ex, with
2.
;;/.
2.
-ae, -a.
fight,
-i,
frighten, terred,
i.
gold,
aurum,
-i,
golden, aureus,
n.
-a,
-um.
-um
grain, frumentum, -!,
good, bonus,
-a,
(260).
.
2).
great,
-urn
-a,
(260)
greatest,
sum-
grieve, doleo,
happen, accido, 3
hasten, proper5,
hurl, iacio, 3
I,
sum,
dat.
witli
of
(13S)
hie (200)
head, caput,
-itis,
ille
infantry, peditatus,
n. (156).
heaven, caelum,
injure, noceo,
n.
suus,
illTus
-um
-a,
adsum
i.
high,
-um
altus,
-a,
superus,
-a,
himself, see
eius
ille
(200).
flexive, suus,
;
ilHus
-a,
-um
re-
(200);
hope,
n. spes,
hope,
V.
spero,
cum gaudio.
jump down, desilio, 4.
(in check),
keep,
habeo,
arceo,
-us,
(195, b).
-el,/
i.
n.
-um.
-a,
(230, a).
teneo, 2
2.
home, domus,
home, domi
(page 27).
joyfully,
self.
hold, habeo, 2
-T,
gaudium, gaudi,
joyful, laetus,
(138);
sustineo,
javelin, pllum,
joy,
{489).
his,
obsum
(502).
hesitate, dubito,
-um
and/
with dat.;
2,
(230, a).
here (be),
m.
m.
V. iuvo, i.
-us,
-ae,
(200)
specifica-
her, eius
of
tio7i.
(200).
inhabitant, incola,
help,
3.
i.
abl.; ahl.
in, ivith
mitto,
if not, nisi.
imitate, imitor,
in,
possessor.
is
ego {492).
if, si
i.
conicio, 3
flo (508).
quot.
hundred, centum.
y".
he,
-e.
{loc).
how many,
and/
w.
-us,
have, habeo,
m.
-itis,
-idis,
hostile, hostilis,
2.
vi.
-i,
hostage, obses,
-um.
-a,
-us, n. (242).
horse, equus,
horseman, eques,
greedy, avarus,
ingens, -entis.
295
(482)
at
kill,
neco,
teneo,
-um
-a,
and abl.
interficio, 3.
kind, bonus,
know,
with a (ab)
2,
(260).
vi.
cognosco,
3.
(off),
296
many,
lack,
careo,
V.
with abl.
2,
desum
Marcus, Marcus,
master, dominus,
magnus,
-a,
proximus,
laugh, rideo,
-a,
-tri,
-um
-um
w.
vi.
-i,
(4S9).
magister,
(109).
(260).
abl.
2.
m.
-i,
i.
mile, mllle
lead, duco,
reduce,
educo, 3
(back),
passuum
mind, animus,
mine, meus,
3.
-a,
-i,
(305,
tn.
-um
(229).
m. and/.
miserable, miser,
4.
with subjv.
lest, ne,
let,
liberate, Hbero,
down,
lie, lie
life, vita,
-erum.
-ae,/
mother, mater,
-trls,
i.
iace5, 2.
lieutenant, legatus,
-era,
letter, epistula,
>n.
e).
m.
-i,
-ae,/
m.
parvus,
little,
-a,
-um
long, longus,
-a,
(260).
i.
-um
for a long
71.
amor,
-oris,
never,
m.
numquam.
nevertheless, tamen.
amo, I (497).
mendacium, mendaci,
new, novus,
love, V.
lying,
night,
n.
no, niillus,
m.
(163).
manage,
rego, 3.
i.
nor,
-inis,
not,
neque
-a,
-um.
noctis,/
no.\,
-a,
-um
(nee),
non ne.
now, nunc lam.
;
(312).
;
;
physician, medicus,
oar, remus,
of, sign
out
m.
-I,
pirate, piratus,
ahl.
of, of, e
ahl.
senex,
vetus, -ens
senis
{260,
482)
-um.
-a,
maior natu.
on {ofplace),
{of time),
another
thing,
aliud
.
-um (304)
-a,
the one
one
another,
alius
m.
that, ut,
subjv.
-erum
alter, -era,
{of t-vo),
which
{of two)
debeo,
ought,
rundive
-trum.
-trum
-trum
-a,
aratrum,
plough,
n.
plough,
V. aro,
vinco,
-um
n.
PompC-I, m.
{plnr.
-I
and
loci
m.
abl.
malo
prefer,
i.
i.
(505).
prepare, paro,
i.
donum, -i, n.
present (be), adsum (502),
present,
prove, probo,
3.
-um;
(our), noster,
vester,
(your),
-a,
-um
-tra,
(229).
ni.
-T,
zvith dat.
i.
Pullo,
-entis.
onis, 7n.
punish, punio,
4.
put, pono, 3
m.
of), ut or
ad, with
gerund
causa, following a
gerund or gerundive
persuade, persuadeo,
m.
-I,
r.
prudent prudens,
PuUo,
qui,
-T,
-1,
Pompey, Pompeius,
or gerundive
people, populus,
-um.
-a,
(thy), tuus,
owner, dominus,
with dat.
2,
pleasing, giatus,
prisoner, captivus,
(my), meus,
I.
preserve, conserve,
self.
overcome, supero,
-tra,
ge-
of, c
own
oportet,
sum.
-tra,
ourselves, see
out
-with
our, noster,
plead, 016,
praise, lauds,
-ud (486)
-a,
3.
2, zuit/i ace. ;
7uit/i
-I
w.
please, placed,
loca),
other, alius,
pinu),/
one
alter.
order, iubeo,
{abl.
abl.
one, unus,
locus,
-T
-um
loca),
m.
-T,
w.
-1,
place, V. pono,
of separation.
often, saepe (490).
(260)
place, n.
297
(on),
supine.
induo, 3
(tO
with dat.
fugo,
I.
298
queen, regina, -ae,y.
raven, corvus,
read, lego,
sea, mare,
m.
-I,
/.
n.
-is,
second, secundus,
-a,
-um.
see, video, 2.
3.
ready, paratus,
reduce, redigo,
relate, narr5,
seek, peto,
-a, -urn.
recipio, 3.
2.
3.
i.
remain, nianeo,
3.
seem, videor,
self, ipse, -a,
-um
(329)
mittb,
3;
(off,
send,
2.
servant, servus,
resound, sono,
set
i.
reverence, vereor,
-tra,
n.
-trum.
away),
m.
-i,
proficiscor,
(out),
;
Sextus, Se.xtus,
tn.
-1,
she, ea (13S).
shepherd, pastor,
-oris,
rob, spolio,
shield, scutum,
n.
-a,
shine, luceo,
-T,
Romulus, Romulus,
show, monstro,
-T,
ni.
-era,
rouse, concito,
-erum.
at,
inrumpo,
-e.
i
praebeo,
2.
since,
i.
cum, with
suhjv.
sometimes
implied in participle.
rush
short, brevis,
e).
rough, asper,
m.
2.
-um.
(free),
3;
(up), instituo, 3.
I.
dl-
mitto, 3.
libero,
2.
3.
sul (492).
sing, canto,
3.
i.
sad,
six, sex.
tristis, -e.
slave, servus,
sleep,
m.
small, parvus,
a gen.
say, dico,
snow,
nix,
so, tarn:
i.
to), ut
m.
-I,
-a,
m.
-um
(260).
nivis,/
non
(as not
ne.
soldier, miles,
-itis, vi.
3.
scare, terreo,
conserve,
-i,
somnus,
2.
others,
alii
alii.
;;
299
something, aliqukl.
ten, decern.
sometimes, iiUercKim.
son,
m.
flliiis, fill,
song, cantus,
tenth, decinius,
w.
-us,
soon, mox.
i.
test, experior, 4.
spare, parco,
3, -vitli dat.
than,
animus,
res publica,
purpose or result
ill
verbs
after
ne
(not),
verbs of fearing, ut
maneS,
pressed.
2.
m.
stone, lapis,
m.
story,
-idis,
strong, validus,
suus,
-urn
there,
this,
with
i,
m;-.
nato,
(across), trano,
i;
;//.
teach, doceo,
-T,
i.
narro,
not
is,
sometimes omitted.
arbitror,
ea, id (13S)
r.
hlc, haec,
hoc
sometimes
supericiS,
(over),
3.
sic.
tempus,
-is,
m.
-oris,
n.
spatium,
dlco, 3.
temple, templum,
expletive,
spatl, n.
2.
an
time,
;/.
teacher, magister,
res, re!,/;
Tiber, Tiberis,
-um.
task, pensum,
reflexive,
(200).
thus,
take, capio, 3 {500).
tall, altus, -a,
is
implied in paiticiple.
swim,
of
dat.
wt'i/i
-ud
(229).
as
think, puto,
i.
aestils, -atis,/
supero,
-um
-a,
ibi
thing,
i,
-a,
translated.
suddenly, subito.
praestS,
iste,
then, turn.
fortis, -e.
successfully, felTciter,
surpass,
plur.
their, gen.
summer,
ea, id (138)
-oris, n.
-a,
ex-
rel.
after
not
like,
is,
(200)
after verbs
(210).
and/,
-ae, ni.
-ae,/
strength, robur,
-ud
-a,
(493)
-ae,/
f fibula,
stranger, advena,
street, via,
ille,
(242).
of fear-
non
ut
publicae.y.
stay,
plitr.
abl. (250).
ut
ing, ne
tell,
coiij.
clauses,
spiritedly, acriter.
rei
quam;
that,
in.
-1,
m.
m.
sound, sono,
spirit,
-um.
-a,
-T,
n.
to,
in.
with ace.
300
a
following
causa,
gerundive
geru7id
or
supine.
to-day, hodie.
too,
touch, tango,
way,
town, oppidum.
-i,
vi.
i.
what,
where,
ablative absolute.
ubi.
whether, num.
twenty-one,
which,
vlgintl unus.
(which
of), uter,
(each of),
uterque,
-ae, -o
-trum;
-tra,
utraque, utrumque.
qui, quae,
while,
in,
(be),
with
urge, hortor,
use, utor,
3,
n6l5 (505).
who,
quae
whole, totus,
why,
abl.
(142).
-a,
-um.
-a,
-um
-ae,
victory, victoria,
maxime
ipse,
-i,
n.
abl. alone.
-I,
within
m.
without,
with abl.
sine,
withstand, sustineo,
want
-T,
-I,
(lack),
desum, with
woman,
m.
{take a walk),
wall, niurus,
-entis.
ae,/
Vorenus, Vorenus,
walk
prudens,
-oris, tn.
carrus,
e.
wisely, sapienter.
victorious, victor,
wagon,
omnis,
(329).
Vesta, Vesta,
-um (312)
cur.
wine, vinum,
various, varius,
rel. qui,
quis,
i.
with
-um.
-a,
whither, quo.
or abl.
ace.
(of
some-
unwilling
quod (142);
utrum (312).
with gerund ;
inter,
white, albus,
upon,
when, cum
twenty-eight, duodetrlginta.
two, duo,
itineris,
(quod) (142).
experior, 4.
iter,
ille.
-ae,
n.
-i,
townsman, oppidanus,
try, tents,
via,
(4S2).
3.
train, educo,
ambulo,
word, verbum,
2,
abl. (502).
with
2.
-ae,
-eris,/
i.
w.
careo,
femina,
aid.
work, laboro,
worse, peior,
-I,
n.
i.
-ius (260).
/.
mulier,
ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY
worst, pessimus,
wound,
wound,
-a,
//.
volnus,
7'.
volnero,
wretched, miser,
write, scrlbo,
-I,
(260).
yonder
-erum.
(that),
you, siug. tu
your,
I.
-era,
sing,
ille, -a,
-oris, vi.
m.
-ud.
-a,
-um
plur.
yourselves, see
3.
writer, scnptor,
year, annus,
-um
-eris, .
301
youth (body
Ti&vii&^
Zama,
self,
-ae,
./.
INDEX
NoTB
a or ab
References are
to sections unless
207. a.
otherwise indicated.
20S.
(7,
b,
note.
487, 489.
of comparative
and superla-
meaning
tive, 255, a.
comparison
means or instrument,
predicate, 100, a.
with
rule
1S2, b.
kmds and
of first
490.
208.
(/.
426.
3.
definitions,
a-/.
5,
b,
i.
comparison, 253.
adjectives, definition,
5.
c.
318,
of
d.
infinitive,
2.
complementary
used as nouns, 3, d.
in the plural without a noun, page 39,
note I.
with nouns agreement, 92.
256, b.
84,
and
between suns and eitis, 230, a\ between tuus and vester, 229, note;
omission of situs, 230, b.
3.
tive,
a,
123, a, 124.
26,
by adverbs,
note.
3.
a-d.
after
rule
90, 483.
303
complementary
2.
infinitive,
318,
304
agreement of appositives,
iii.
165; 357,358-
alius
alius
gs cions, 59.
alius, 313.
aliud, 313.
civis, 169,
clauses,
alter, 313.
rt,
c.
definition
b, e.
of purpose, with ut
of result, with ut
290.
Anecdotes, 434-43S.
animal, declension, 169, 479, c.
antecedent, definition, 2, note,
antepenult, 42, 5.
when accented, 44,
appeals, 340 and a.
pli'es,
declined, 261.
2.
meaning
article,
no, iii.
none in Latin,
artus,
irregular
apposition,
too,
255, a.
50, a.
dat.
and
'
abl.
plural,
242, a.
See
alphabet, 36.
alter
c.
B
base, 53, b.
bonus, declension, 483.
comparison, 260, 4S9.
bos, declension, 4S2.
brevis, declension, 182, 4S4.
of,
249, a, 250.
contrary to
comparison, 247.
est, cf.
page
404 and
c,
407.
3, b.
cases,
conjunction, definition,
7.
See verbs.
a.
7, a, b.
84, d.
-?,
consonant-i, 37.
consonant stems, pages 60, 64.
consonants, 38.
how pronounced,
41.
when V
is lost,
in gen. of
c
and
nouns
b.
414,
in -iiim
d.
c.
and
-iits,
84,
INDEX
cornu, declension, 242, 480.
corpus, declension, 163, 479,
b.
manner,
abl. of
129.
cum, conj.
causal
conjugation, 499.
ego, declension, 492.
compared with
eius
and concessive,
305
siuts, 230, a.
enclitics, 44, 3.
396, a, 398.
277, a, 278.
F.\BLES, 45S-467.
fearing, verbs of, 415, a.
feminine gender,
fero,
filia,
lieve,
favor,
and
dea, dat.
declension,
meaning
to be-
etc.,
392, 393.
abl. plural, page 22, note 2.
definition,
adjectives,
See nouns,
22.
and comparatives.
ipse,
is,
c.
also hie,
Idem,
declension, 47S.
finis, 169,
c.
tile,
pag-
75, foot-note
19, note,
20 and
a and
a.
and
and
gender, 276.
diphthongs, how pronounced, 40.
locative, 195,
with pres.
second declension,
85.
b.
gender, 243, a.
construction, 197.
dum
in
d5num, declension,
2.
4,
domi as
192,
quantity, 43,
of,
b.
i.
iste.
dependent clause,
fi5,
See pronouns;
rule, 47, 2.
84, 478.
ind.,
pige
172, note 4.
agreement
of, 361.
used with
sum
to
3c6
b.
in
compound
forms
esse
is
often
4.
of nouns, 22-25.
of adjectives, 26.
of verbs, 27-31.
inimicus, distinguished from hostis, 171.
homo, declension,
163, 479, b.
a.
interjection, definition, 8.
c.
pronouns declined,
table of
142, 495.
meanmgs,
definition, 2,
143.
c.
i,
347, a.
intransitive verbs, definition,
4, b.
157-
use, 331, a.
conjugation, 500.
gender, 243, a.
iens, declension, 485.
idiis,
Ignis, 169,
c.
c, 479, c.
declension, 200, 493.
uses, 201, a-d.
ille,
irregular
312, 486.
verbs:
indefinite pronouns
nition, 2,
e, 3, c.
independent clause,
is,
common
uses, 140.
relation to
32 and a and
formation, 316.
h'lc
and
ille,
b.
201,
iter,
a.
complementary, 317,
a.
b.
c.
INDEX
nouns, definition,
liquids, 38.
magnus, comparison,
b.
260, 489.
a.
-i,
i,
a-e.
i.
307
a, 124.
84, d.
and
2,
54, 85,
c.
54, 479.
use, 305, e.
miser, comparison, 253.
mute stems,
6.
tabb, 491.
declined like bomes, 491.
340, a, 2.
conjugation, 505.
nol'i
ative appeals or
b,
in
4S5.
case, 46.
of,
relative to
main
verb, 353, a.
of
or contrast, 221, a.
predicate nominative,
15, b.
Eng-
b, c.
the imperatives
and uses
declension, 352,
pose, 284.
nominative
participles, definition
c.
n516, 391-395
and
154, 479, a.
mutes, 38.
followed by a liquid, 43,
navis, 169,
direct
a,
and
note.
3o8
penult, 42, 5.
when accented, 44,
quldam,
335, b, 496
quivis, quisqiie, 335, c
2.
may
when
contrac-
adjectives, 335, d.
interrogative, definition,
3.
synopsis
of,
first,
second,
third, 2, a.
and kinds,
16.
where,
whence,
whither,
with
pluperfect tense,
and
of,
192,
irregular
followed by cum,
cum, 221,
d.
reflexive,
of
221,
and
first
2, f; use, 220,
second person,
c.
definition,
2,
b;
agreement,
dat.
and
abl.
plur.,
how compounded,
meanings, 211;
proper
names
in -iics contract
84,^.
prosum, how compounded, 344,
it
and
t,
b.
simple, 12.
284, 288.
13.
b, 367, b.
prepositions, definition,
6.
and
a.
pronouns, definition,
to
c.
conjugation, 504.
of
table
fol494
lowed by cum, 221, d.
pronunciation, Roman method, sounds
;
344, b.
conjugation, 503.
postquam, with perfect tense, page 175,
note 6.
complete,
495
2, a; declension,
492 nominative expressed only for
emphasis or contrast, 221, a; third
person sometimes supplied by is,
Jiic, or ille,
220, b; used with a
reflexive sense, 221, c; followed by
relative,
b.
242, a.
possum,
142,
as
declen-
2, c;
personal, definition,
b;
formation
portus,
qiiid-iorms
place,
221, d.
and
sion,
510, 511.
quisquam,
2.
quam
full
declension, 493 Iitc and ille, declension, 200; uses, 201, a-d\ is, 138,
;
and
quidam, 335, b
quis, 142-144.
indefinite, definition, 2, e
aliquis
and
3.
'.
INDEX
quis, after
note
si,
nisi,
195,
stem
quisque, 335,
adjective, 144,
page
pronouns.
chuses
res,
as locative, 195, b.
the accusative of, 196,
names
complete,
an
of
and
196
note
b.
with
197.
sentence, definition,
in,
past
296, 297
time,
and
and pluper-
fect, 293.
tense
translated
as
future,
b.
415,
in relative clauses of
32-
nouns
page
d; the
last vowel changed to form the nominative, 154, e; mute, 154; liquid,
of the third declension,
how
a.
of perfect
perfect, 287
present
found, 154,
c,
169,
of
pluperfect,
282; of im-
a, 297.
of
and
sibilant, 38.
P60;
appeals,
404, d.
of
sequence of tenses
of
aim
time,
9.
and a
2.
c.
how
b.
commands and
cessive, 39C>-398.
of
hortatory, 340
2.
towns,
of
476.
a.
13.
subjunctive, in
se,
separation,
and
39-41-
like
1 1
simple, 12.
of a verb, 51.
riis,
subject, definition,
ruri,
72.
475-
lit
131, b, 136, a,
conjugation, 499.
relative pronouns, see pronouns.
or
principal
in
b.
tit
stem of verbs.
perfect
c.
c.
335,
stem
rego, 147
of verbs, 59.
participle
perfect
10.
quisquam, 335, c
quivis,
309
nouns of the
no.
fifth
declension, page
407.
sui, declension, 492.
c.
-j7,
8UUS,
372,
2.
374.
declined, 229.
c,
3IO
omission
of,
division
by the
number
when
ut, translated
230, b.
syllables, definition,
of, 42, i.
ind.,
when followed
or as,
page
185, note 2.
of, 42, 2, 3.
compound words,
how named, 42, 5.
when long, 43, 5, 6.
in
42, 4.
V, often lost
fect
between vowels
and cognate
in the per-
tenses, 414,
b.
verbs, definition, 4.
by cum,
396, a, 397.
tense, definition, 11 and a.
tenses, of infinitive in indirect discourse,
imperfect, 132,
and
historical, 296, a.
sitive in
conjuga-
53, b.
499.
of third conjugation in
of
157; con-
-io,
jugation, 500.
conjuga-
tion, 501.
expressed, 188.
extent, 278.
transitive verb,
dat.,
tion, 498.
392>
oi first conjugation, 60; conjugation,
how
a-f.
and
b.
time,
4,
323-326.
principal
of, 197, i, 2, 3.
4, a.
and
59.
a.
and/, 486.
turris, i6g,
and gerundive
tuus,
c,
c.
479,
compared
\\\\\\
declined, 229.
jugation. 509.
conjugations,
periphrastic
synopsis
424-428
u as a semivowel, page
15, note.
sum and
418,
a and
com-
b.
vester,
ing, 415, a.
its
pounds.
impersonal use and impersonal verbs,
INDEX
vis, declension, 482.
311
V0I6, 391-395.
use, 53, a.
of proper
names
in -ins, 84, d.
2%, a.
b.
conjugation, 505.
vos, declension, 492.
vowels, quantity
3.4-
short, 43, 2
long, 43,
LOAN DEPT
J^lfl^^Jfl^-nMediate recall
..y^,
23Feb'6SPH
hnM^LOmsS-^
SEP 2(n95<
Uec'D ld
;64-4P|
General Library
YB 3806
C.-)