Drug

Generic
Name:
Paracetamol
Brand Name:
Biogesic, Panadol,
Tylenol,

Functional
Classification:
Central Analgesic

Clinical
Chemistry:
Non-narcotic
analgesic,
Antipyretic.

Dosage
s
300 mg /
amp IV
q4

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Inhibit prostaglandin
Indications:
synthesis in the CNS
- Fever, headache,
and, to a lesser extent,
muscle aches,
block pain impulses
arthritis,
through peripheral
backache,
action. Acts centrally on
toothaches,
hypothalamic heatand colds.
regulating center,
Contraindicatio
producing peripheral
ns:
vasodilation
- If the patient
is allergic to
drug

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Decrease
elevated
temperatur
e,
Adverse
Effects
- A Bloody or
black, tarry
stools
- bloody or
cloudy urine
- pain in the
lower back
and/or side
- pinpoint red
spots on the
skin
- skin rash,
hives, or
itching
- sore throat

Nursing
Responsibility
-

Tell the
patient that
the drug will
only be used
if his
temperature
is above
37.5.

Drug

Generic
Name:
Furosemide
Brand Name:
Lasix
Functional
Classification:
Loop Diuretic
Clinical Class:
Loop Diuretic

Dosage
s
20 mg
IIV BID

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Enhances excretion Indications:
of sodium, chloride, - Edema, heart
potassium by direct
failure,
action at ascending
hypertension
limp of loop of
either alone of
Henle.
in combination
with other
hypertensive
Contraindicatio
ns:
- None known

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
Increase
urinary
frequency
volume
Adverse
Effects
- Vigorous
dieresis,
deafness,
vertigo,
tinnitus

Nursing
Responsibility
- BP precaution,
hold if BP is less
than 90/60
- Obtain baseline
weigh.
- Monitor I & O.

Drug

Generic
Name:
Lozartan
Brand Name:
Cozaar
Functional
Classification:
Angiotensin II
receptor
antagonist
Clinical
Chemistry:
Antihypertensiv
e

Dosage
s
50 mg 1
tab OD
in am

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:
- Hypertension

Potent vasodilator.
Blocks
vasoconstrictor,
Contraindicatio
aldosteronens:
secreting effects of
angiotensin II to AT1 - None
unknown
receptors.

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Upper
respiratory
tract
infection,
dizziness,
diarrhea,
cough
Adverse
Effects
- Hypotensio
n,
tachycardi
a

Nursing
Responsibility
-

Monitor BP,
pulse.

Drug

Generic
Name:
Omeprazole
Brand Name:
Prilosec,
Functional
Classification:
Benzimidazole
Clinical

Dosage
s
40 mg
OD
before
breakfas
r

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Side Effects &
Contraindicatio
Adverse
ns
Reactions
Converted to active Indications:
Side Effects:
metabolites that
- Short term
- Headache,
irreversibly bind to,
treatment of
diarrhea,
inhibit hydrogenerosive
abdominal
potassium
esophagitis,
pain,
adenosine
symptomatic
nausea,
triphosphatase.
GERD, H. Pylori
dizziness
Increase gastric pH, - Active duodenal
Adverse
ulcer or active
reduces gastric acid
Effects
benign gastric
production.
- Pancreatitis
ulcer
,
Contraindicatio
hepatotoxic

Nursing
Responsibility
- Ask about GI
discomfort,
nausea, diarrhea
occurs.
- Advise the
patient to take
the medicine 30
minutes before
breakfast

Chemistry:
PPI

Drug

Generic
Name:
Lactulose
Brand Name:
Acilac,
Cantulose,

ns:
- None known
-

Dosage
s

Mechanism of
Action

30cc BID

Prevents
reabsorption of
ammonia,
producing osmotic
effect.

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:
-M
Contraindicatio
ns:
- Use in pts
requiring a
low-galactose

ity
Interstitial
nephritis

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Abdominal
cramping,
flatulence,
increased
thirst,
abdominal

Nursing
Responsibility
- Encourage
adequate fluid
intake. Assess
bowel sounds for
peristalsis.
Monitor daily
pattern of bowel

Enulose,
Generlac,
Kristalose)
Functional
Classification:
Lactose
Derivative
Clinical
Chemistry:
Hyperosmotic
laxative,
ammonia
detoxicant

diet.

discomfort.
Nausea,
vomiting.
Adverse
Effects
- Diarrhea,
chronic
constipatio
n
-

activity, stool
consistency;
record time of
evacuation.
Assess for
abdominal
disturbances.
Monitor serum
electrolytes in pts
exposed to
prolonged,
frequent,
excessive use of
medication.

Drug
Generic
Name:
Aspirin
Brand Name:
Asaphen E.C. ,
Ascriptin,
Bayer, Bufferin,
Ecotrin,
Entrophen ,
Halfprin,
Novasen
Functional
Classification:
Nonsteroidal
Salicylate
Clinical
Chemistry:
Antiinflammatory,
antipyretic,
anticoagulant

Dosage
s
80 mg
tab OD

Mechanism of
Action
Inhibits
prostaglandin
synthesis, acts on
the hypothalamus
heat-regulating
center, interferes
with production of
thromboxane A, a
substance that
stimulates platelet
aggregation.

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:
- Mild to moderate
pain, fever.
- Arthritis
- Prevention of
ischemic attack
Contraindicatio
ns:
- Hypersensitivi
ty to
salicylates
NSAIDs;
asthma,
rhinitis , nasal
polyps

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- GI distress
(abdominal
distention,
cramping,
heartburn,
mild
nausea);
allergic
reaction
Adverse
Effects
- GI bleeding
/ gastric
mucosal
lesion
- Hyperther
mia,
restlessnes
s,
abnormal
breathing
pattern

Nursing
Responsibility
- Assess skin for
evidence of
ecchymosis. If
given as
antipyretic,
assess
temperature
directly before
and 1 hr after
giving medication.
Evaluate for
therapeutic
response: relief of
pain, stiffness,
swelling;
increased joint
mobility; reduced
joint tenderness;
improved grip
strength.

Drug

Generic
Name:
Rebamipide

Dosage
s
100 mg
1tab TID

Mechanism of
Action
-

Brand Name:
Remapride,
Mucosta
Functional
Classification:
Antacid
Clinical
Chemistry:

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:

Stimulates
prostaglandin - Treatment of gastric
mucosal lesions
generation in
(erosion, bleeding,
gastric mucosa
redness & edema)
and improves
in acute gastritis &
not only the
exacerbation of
speed but also
chronic gastritis
the quality of
Contraindicatio
ulcer healing
ns:
Protects the
- known history of
gastric mucosa
drug
against acute
hypersensitivity
injury caused
by various
noxious and
ulcerogenic
factors.

Side Effects &

Nursing
Adverse
Responsibility
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Monitor any
adverse reaction
Adverse
Effects
- Rash,
pruritus,
constipatio
n, diarrhea,
nausea

Drug

Generic
Name:
Caverdilol
Brand Name:
Coreg,mNovoCaverdilol
Functional
Classification:
Beta adrenergic

Dosage
s
625 mg
tab 8am

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Possesses
Indications:
nonselective beta- - Mild to severe
blocking and alphaheart failure,
adrenergic blocking
hypertension
activity. Causes
Contraindicatio
vasodilation.
ns:
- Bronchial
asthma,
cardiogenic
shock, severe

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Fatigue,
dizziness,
diarrhea,
bradycardi
a, rhinitis,
back pain
Adverse
Effects:
Profound
bradycardia,

Nursing
Responsibility
- Assess B/P,
apical pulse
immediately before drug is
administered (if
pulse is 60
beats/min or less
or systolic B/P is
less than 90 mm
Hg, withhold
medication,

blocker

hepatic
impairment

hypotension,
bronchospasm,
cardiac
insufficiency

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:
- Hyperlipidemia

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Phrayngitis
,
headache,
diarrhea,
dyspepsia

Clinical
Chemistry:
Antihypertensiv
e

Drug

Generic
Name:
Rosuvastatin
Brand Name:
Crestor

Dosage
s
20 mg
tab

Mechanism of
Action
Interferes with
cholesterol
biosynthesis by
inhibiting
conversion of the
enzyme HMG-CoA

Contraindicatio
ns:
- Active hepatic

contact
physician).

Nursing
Responsibility
- Give without
regard to meals.
May give any time
of the day.
- Assess baseline
results of serum

to mevalonate, a
precursor to
cholesterol.

Functional
Classification:
HMG-CoA
reductase
inhibitor

disease

Clinical
Chemistry:
Antihyperlipidemic

Drug

Dosage
s

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns

Adverse
Effects
- Potential
for lens
opacities,
hepatitis,
rhabdomyo
lysis

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions

cholesterol,
triglycerides,
hepatic function
test.

Nursing
Responsibility

Generic
Name:
Tramadol
Brand Name:
ConZip, Ultram
Functional
Classification:
Centrally acting
synthetic opiod
analgesic
Clinical
Chemistry:
Analgesic

50 mg /
amp TIV

Binds to u-opioid
Indications:
Side Effects:
- Monitor pulse,
receptors, inhibits
- Moderate to
- Dizziness,
B/P, renal/hepatic
reuptake of
severe pain
vertigo,
function. Assist
norepinephrine,
nausea,
with ambulation if
Contraindicatio
serotonin. Reduces
constipatio dizziness, vertigo
ns:
intensity of pain
n,
occurs. Dry
Acute
alcohol
stimuli incoming
headache, crackers, cola
intoxi-cation,
from sensory nerve
drowsiness may relieve
concurrent
endings.
.
nausea. Palpate
use of
bladder for
centrally
Adverse
urinary reacting
Effects
tention. Monitor
analgesics,
- Seizures
daily pattern of
- hepatic/ren bowel activity,
hypnotics,
al
opioids,
stool consistency.
impairmen Sips of tepid
psycho- tropic
t, serotonin water may relieve
drugs,
syndrome
hypersensitivit
dry mouth. Assess
(agitation,
y to opioids.
for clinical
hallucinati
improvement,
ons,
record onset of retachycardi lief of pain.
a,
hyperreflex
ia).

Drug

Generic
Name:
Isosorbide
mononitrate
(ISMN)
Brand Name:
Imdur, Monoket
m ISMO
Functional
Classification:
Nitrate
Clinical
Chemistry:
Antianginal

Dosage
s
300 mg
TAB

Mechanism of
Action
Stimulates
intracellular cyclic
guanosine
monophosphate.

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:
- Prophylactic
treatment of
angina
pectoris.
Contraindicatio
ns:
- Hypersensitivi
ty to nitrates,
concurrent
use of
sildenafil,
tadalafil,
vardenafil.

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:
- Headache
Adverse
Effects
- Blurred
vision

Nursing
Responsibility
- Assist with
ambulation if
light-headedness,
dizziness occurs.
Assess for
facial/neck
flushing. Monitor
number of anginal
episodes,
orthostatic B/P.

Drug

Generic
Name:
ISDN.
(Isosorbide
Dinitrate)
Brand Name:
Functional
Classification:
Clinical
Chemistry:

Dosage
s
5mg SL
PRN

Mechanism of
Action

Indications &
Contraindicatio
ns
Indications:

Side Effects &

Adverse
Reactions
Side Effects:

Contraindicatio
ns:

Adverse
Effects

Nursing
Responsibility
-