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ISSN printed: 1679-9283
ISSN on-line: 1807-863X
Doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i1.24962
ABSTRACT. The Brazilian prawn fishery, as other bottom trawling fisheries, is considered quite efficient
in catching the target species but with low selectivity and high rates of bycatch. The family Sciaenidae
prevails among fish species caught. The study was conducted in the Pernambuco State (Barra de Siriham),
northeastern Brazil. From August 2011 to July 2012, 3,278 sciaenid specimens were caught, distributed
into 16 species, 34.2% males and 41.5% females. Larimus breviceps, Isopisthus parvipinnis, Paralonchurus
brasiliensis and Stellifer microps were the most abundant species. The area was considered a recruitment and
reproduction area with the highest reproductive activity between December 2011 and July 2012. The
constant frequency of mature I. parvipinnis and S. microps in catches throughout the year suggests that these
species are multiple spawners and use the area during their reproductive period. Since most individuals
caught as bycatch have not reached sexual maturity, evidencing the need for a better monitoring of the area
and the Sciaenidae caught as bycatch, once this incidental caught can cause fluctuations in the recruitment,
increasing the proportion of immature individuals in the population and negatively affecting the
reproductive success of the species.
Keywords: Demersal, trawling, sexual maturity, coastal zone.
Introduction
Bottom trawling is highly unselective and
tends to produce heterogeneous results with large
amounts of bycatch (McCAUGHRAN, 1992) and
organisms of a wide size range (KLIPPEL et al.,
2005). In a review, Kelleher (2005) estimated that
approximately seven million tons of bycatch are
Acta Scientiarum. Biological Science
Results
A total of 16 Sciaenidae species were identified as
bycatch of the trawling caught (Table 1); Larimus
breviceps, Isopisthus parvipinnis, Paralonchurus brasiliensis
and Stellifer microps were the most common species
during the study. Overall, 34.2% of these individuals
were male (n = 1120) and 41.5% female (n = 1360)
(2; p < 0.01). It was not possible to confirm the sex of
the other 24.4% (n = 798). In general, there was a
predominance of females, except for L. breviceps, Nebris
Table 1. Sciaenidae species caught and their respective number of individuals classified as male (M), female (F) and indeterminate (I), as
well as sex ratio of males and females. The main species are in bold.
Species
Larimus breviceps (Cuvier, 1830)
Stellifer microps (Steindachner, 1864)
Isopisthus parvipinnis (Cuvier, 1830)
Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1875)
Stellifer rastrifer (Jordan, 1889)
Ophioscion sp.
Stellifer stellifer (Bloch, 1790)
Stellifer brasiliensis (Schultz, 1945)
Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Cynoscion virescens (Cuvier, 1830)
Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823)
Stellifer sp.
Ophioscion punctatissimus Meek & Hildebrand, 1925
Nebris microps (Cuvier, 1830)
Menticirrhus littoralis (Holbrook, 1847)
Total
F
164
281
140
122
113
125
94
118
21
58
40
20
37
23
4
1,360
M
205
196
103
97
168
102
73
46
18
30
20
19
9
17
16
1
1,120
I
203
71
91
76
105
19
37
22
81
25
36
13
3
4
11
1
798
Total
572
548
334
295
386
246
204
186
120
113
96
52
49
44
31
2
3,278
*Significant at 5%.
Table 2. Variation in sex ratio and length range (minimum and maximum in centimeters) of Larimus breviceps, Paralonchurs brasiliensis,
Isopisthus parvinnis and Stellifer microps caught from August 2011 to July 2012 at Barra de Sirinham Brazil.
Months
Aug/11 - Sep/11
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Oct/11 - Nov/11
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Dec/11 - Jan/12
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Feb/12 - Mar/12
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Apr/12 - May/12
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Jun/12 - Jul/12
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
Total
Larimus breviceps
Paralonchurus brasiliensis
Isopisthus parvipinnis
Stellifer microps
n / Male
n / Female
M:F
26
14
3
4
19
25
8
6
6.0 - 17.0
7.5 - 20.0
6.6 - 15.6
7.0 - 14.2
1.4:1
0.6:1
0.4:1
0.67:1
0.297
0.078
0.132
0.527
9
6
20
12
15
14
20
13
8.5 - 14.5
9.0 - 18.0
6.0 - 22.7
7.5 - 16.0
0.6:1
0.4:1
1:1
0.92:1
0.221
0.074
1.000
0.841
27
5
14
27
26
7
13
36
8.5 - 19.9
8.3 - 20.6
7.5 - 19.8
6.8 - 17.7
1:1
1.0:1
1.1:1
0.75:1
0.891
0.564
0.847
0.257
66
26
32
110
64
28
39
141
8.0 - 17.7
9.7 - 18.5
8.7 - 19.8
7.0 - 19.5
1:1
1.0:1
0.8:1
0.78:1
0.861
0.785
0.406
0.050
43
35
16
18
16
40
23
47
6.6 - 17.0
9.6 - 18.3
8.5 - 20.4
8.6 - 15.4
2.7:1
0.9:1
0.7:1
0.38:1
0.0004*
0.564
0.262
0.0003*
34
4
18
25
24
8
37
38
6.5 - 23.2
7.0 - 18.7
11.0 - 19.8
5.7 - 16.8
1.4:1
0.4:1
0.5:1
0.66:1
0.189
0.248
0.0104*
0.101
205
90
103
196
164
122
140
281
6.0 - 23.2
7.0 - 20.6
6.0 - 22.7
5.7 - 19.5
1.3:1
0.8:1
0.7:1
0.7:1
0.0328*
0.075
0.0176*
0.0001*
*Significant at 5%.
Figure 2. Length of first maturity of (A) Larimus breviceps, (B) Isopisthus parvipinnis, (C) Stellifer microps and (D) Paralonchurus brasiliensis
caught from August 2011 to July 2012, Barra de Sirinham Brazil.
Figure 3. Percentage of individuals of (A) Larimus breviceps, (B) Isopisthus parvipinnis, (C) Stellifer microps and (D) Paralonchurus brasiliensis
caught from August 2011 to July 2012 in Barra de Sirinham - Brazil, according to length classes. The numbers above the dashed line
represents the sample size (N); the vertical line indicates the estimated size of first sexual maturity (L50) for grouped sexes.
Figure 4. Mean Gonadosomatic Index and Gonadal Condition Factor (K), and percentage frequency of maturity stages of female
Larimus breviceps (above) and Isopisthus parvipinnis (below), respectively, caught from August 2011 to July 2012 in Barra de Sirinham
Brazil. A: immature, B: maturing, C: Mature and D: Spent.
Figure 5. Mean Gonadosomatic Index and Gonadal Condition Factor (K), and percentage frequency of maturity stages of female Stellifer
microps (above) and Paralonchurus brasiliensis (below), respectively, caught from August 2011 to July 2012 in Barra de Sirinham Brazil. A:
Immature, B: Maturing, C: Mature and D: Spent.
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