Use of Equipment

Any Digital/Analogue meter can be used for the purpose of measurement.. A

An Analogue
Meter is preferred as it has the capacity to generate high current.
current It should be ensured that
the meter in use has the appropriate EMI/EMC filters.

Procedure-Earth
Earth electrode resistance testing
The test unit has Four terminals for connections (E1,P1, P2, and E2). The first two ( E1 &
P1)are shorted and is attached to the electrode under test, the second P2 to an
auxiliary potential electrode or spike,
spike and the third E2 to an auxiliary current electrode.

PREPERATION:
For taking the correct measurement
of the pit, we have to find the least
resistance path in the vicinity of the
electrode. For doing this we do a
rough measurement in at least 6 to 8
directions 360 degrees all around the
electrode ( as per picture).Place the
potential Spike P2 at max 30mtr and
the Current spike E2 at 20mtrs( if the
terrain does not provide space, the
spikes can be put at 20/13 or 15/9
combinations).
Measure
the
resistance
esistance in each direction and find
the angle/path of least resistance.
Mark this direction for final
measurements.
In case of any power cable underground or overhead transmission line at site, the
measurements of the pit value shall not be correct. EMI/EMC filters of the meter
shall help under these conditions.

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MEASURING INSTRUCTIONS

Disconnect the load from the grounding electrode.

Set the meter's function switch to the ohms position and set the range switch
to the desired resistance range. Normally used 20 ohm selection or below if
available.

Insert the two Spikes P2 and E2 (Electrodes) of the earth tester into the
ground in a line to your grounding rod in the direction of path of least
resistance found. Place the potential Spike P2 at max
max 30mtr and the Current
spike E2 at 20mtrs (if the terrain does not provide space, the spikes can be
put at 20 mtr and 13 mtr).

Clip the wires of the earth tester onto the Spikes. One wire connects to the
Potential spike at 30 meter distance, the second wire connects to the Current
spike at 20 meter, and E1P1 shorted wire to the grounding rod.

Turn on the earth tester and press "Start." Digital earth testers will provide a
reading of resistance. Record the data/number.

Now move the current spike E2 2mtr plus from its initial position
position, take
readings. Take the readings at 20, 22, 24, 26 mtr and 18, 16& 14mtr position
of current spike. There
here will be variation in values recorded. On analysis, you
shall find the values at 18mtr & 20mtr (12 and 13mtr in case off P2 at 20mtr)
shall be close to each other. This is said to be 62% fall potential (specified in
IEEE-81) measurement (62%
% of 30=18.6). Record this reading as test result.
Make a note of the direction, position of spikes and distances you used for
your readings.

Perform the resistance tests again at least annually. Please ensure the
direction and position/distance of spikes position is the same used for original
measurement.

DHRUVA TECHNOLOGIES PVT LTD

www.dhruvatec.com