Active effect. The development of new towns.

Administrative Devolution.
The transfer of rights, powers, from one person or government to another Ad-hoc planning. An
area development plan called (ADP) which is for a short period. I.e. for six months.
ADP (annual development program). This planning is also known as Adhoc planning because
the duration is up to 1 (one) year.
Advocacy Planning. It means advocate the person who support and speaks in favor of any
policy
Analysis of data. After collected of data it is analyzed in terms of objectives.
Area development plan. It is the policy adopted for the development of an area, in planning
sense area means any location which have some specific boundary and administration .e.g.
district is the basic unit for regional planning.
Back Wash Effect. The movements of skills and capital from the surrounding areas to the
central place, so the area is back washed.
Balanced Growth. It refers to the growth of an economy that has all aspects of it growing at the
same rate
Barlow report. In 1942, following the Reports recommendation, the Government chose to
create a central planning authority in the form of the Ministry of Works and Planning.
Basic Need Approach. The identification of minimum set of goods and services which is
guaranteed to the target groups.
Basic Need Objectives. At the bottom end of the income continuum is called basic need
objectives. Beautification.
Budgetary Planning. Such type of planning depends upon public money to finance its self.
Catchments Area. A catchment area is the area from which a city, service attracts a population
that use their services.
Choice theory of Planning. It is the process of determining the appropriate future actions
through a sequence of choices.
Complementary Region. A connected component of the complement in a manifold of
a lamination of that manifold
Comprehensive planning Types. Physical planning, Economic planning.
Comprehensive Theory of Planning. In this planning a society is considered as an organic pole
and the stress is always on physical environment improvement.
Conservation approach
Conservation is the sustainable use and management of natural resources.
Conservative Approach. This approach means that provision of basic needs which occurs in
addition to exiting growth strategies so the conservative approach mostly focus on satisfying the
basic needs as a social welfare.
Contiguous. When the industries spread continuously in the areas showing no separation.
Cost benefit analysis. (CBA), Sometimes called benefitcost analysis (BCA), is a systematic
approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives that satisfy transactions,
activities or functional requirements for a business.
Define land use survey. Land use means the purpose for which a piece of land is used and the
analysis of the existing condition of that particular place is called survey.
Development Generator. It is very effective way to generate development in some areas
because of the establishment of leading industries.
Development. A gradual process in which something changes complex or better form.

Devolution of power. A transfer of powers from a central government to local units.

Devolution. The process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power.
Direct productive investment (DPI) such type of investment which gives immediate return e.g.
industries.
DPI STANDS FOR Direct Productive Investment
Dynamic criteria. The criteria like unemployment, migration etc. where immigration is the sign
of prosperity and migration is the sign of poverty.
Dynamic nature. The regional boundaries are not static but dynamic in nature.
ECNEC. Executive Committee of the National Economic Council.
Economic indicator: This indicator is about economy and it includes GNP resources i.e.
agriculture, irrigation, forest, industries, income, etc.
Economic Planning. These theory deal with demand and supply, capital of labor, exploitation of
resources and labor training to increase the production
EIA STANDS FOR. Environmental impact assessment.
Elements of resource: There are four elements of resources. Planning means to choose,
Planning as a mean of allocating resources, Planning as a mean of achieving goal planning
for future
Employment
Environmental indicator. This indicators is related to the environment E.g. drinking water,
sanitation, GNP and debts are used to make compression between countries. India, Pakistan,
Japan.
EOC STANDS FOR Economic overhead capital
Evolution. A process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a
more advanced or mature stage.
Export based theory. This theory deals with the interaction between different region in the term
of primary sector and trade which depends upon, E.g. Degree of openness (CHAMAN,
TAFTAN),
Flow analysis. Data-flow analysis is a technique for gathering information about the possible set
of values calculated at various points in a computer program.
Formal Region. A formal region is typically defined by a government or administrative group
for the purpose of defining boundaries.
Formal Region. Also called homogeneous region. An area in which everyone shares in common
one or more characteristics.
Functional region. A functional region has a focal point and is the organized space surrounding
that central location.
Functional region. A Functional region is a place that relies on the core city for the most part.
Geographical Space or Growth Point. It is a spatial location in which infrastructure for the
industrial development is provided.
Goal and objectives. Goals are general while objectives are operational direction and objective
is capable of both attainment and measurement's goals and objective
Goal of objective planning, Multi objective planning, Single objective planning
Goals objective planning, Implementation of planning, Sectorial planning, Integrated area
planning, Project planning, Budgetary planning.
Goals objective planning. Types, Multi objective planning, Single objective planning.
Green Belt. An area of open land around a city, on which building is restricted.
Growth Pole or Economic Space. A set of industries which are attracted by an industry.

Hierarchical. When the process of industrialization is taken place from the other leading
industrial areas and it take place in hierarchical order.
Horticultural Society. It is an organization devoted to the study and culture of cultivated plants.
Hypothesis. A proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations.
IDPI STANDS FOR Indirect productive investment
Imperative planning or command planning. Such a planning involves specific directives. This
type of planning is done in centralized economy's country, where the family planning is the only
individual example which is done in many countries. It is also known as compulsory planning.
Implementation of planning, Types. Indicative planning, imperative planning or command
planning.
Indicative Planning. It indicates the problems and their solution to the government, politicians
Indicator: it indicates the exacting situation through different variables.
Indirect productive investment (IDPI) when investment is made but return is long term
awaited e.g. school, health center, and roads.
Industrial Location Theory. Alfred Weber formulated a theory of industrial location in which
an industry is located where the transportation costs of raw materials and final product is a
minimum.
Innovative Planning. It is not concern with the functioning of the existing system, but more
concern with improving and developing the system as a whole giving new ideas and bring
changes on a large scale, due to this reason it is also known as developing planning.
Input- out and Put table. Input/output tables was one of the first fruits of the soviet interest in
the use of mathematical methods in planning the economy.
Instrumental model. Types, Regulatory or allocative planning, Innovative planning.
Integrated Area Planning When planning is done in an areas where different communities are
living together e.g. Muslims, christens, etc. Then planning for the whole area is called integrated
area planning.
Inter-Regional planning. Inter means between" while regional planning mean, the utilization
of resources in an area which is homogenous in characteristics to solve the economic and social
problems of society.
Intra-regional planning. Intra means within while regional planning mean, the utilization of
resources in an area which is homogenous in characteristics to solve the economic and social
problems of society.
Inventor of steam engine. Thomas Savory (1650-1715) Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) James
Watt (1736-1819)
Land use control. Defined broadly as legal measures that limit human contact by restricting
activity, use, and access to properties with residual contamination. This site provides a
clearinghouse of information on LUCs for the use of all stakeholder groups.
Land use planning. The process by which lands are evaluated and assessed to become a basis
for decisions involving land disposition and utilization.
Land use survey. Land use means the purpose for which a piece of land is used and the analysis
of the existing condition of that particular place is called survey.
Land Use. A detailed inspection or investigation of an area.
Least cost approach. Least cost planning is an approach to making planning decisions that
considers a variety of conceptual solutions to achieve the desired system performance targets for
the least cost

Local government. An administrative body for a small geographic area, such as a city, town,
county, or state. A local government will typically only have control over their specific
geographical region, and cannot pass laws that will affect a wider area.
Local planning. The planning prepared through local bodies is known as local planning.
Local plans (UK). In United Kingdom planning law, a local plan is an old-style
development plan prepared by district and other local planning authorities.
Location quotient (LQ) is basically a way of quantifying how concentrated a particular industry,
or occupation.
Long term planning. This type of planning is exercised for ten years and twenty years duration.
Macro. When on regional level broad information is taken e.g. forest, built up areas.
Master plan. A long-term outline of a project or government function
Medium term planning. This term of planning is based on five years.
Mega city. A very large city, typically one with a population of over ten million people.
Micro. When detailed information of an area is collected about the different uses E.g. roads,
residences, and civic.
Mixed Scanning. It is the mixture of incremental and comprehensive planning.
Model. Model is the representation of something.
Multi-objective planning. It is that type of planning in which we have more aims and objectives
during plan.
Multi-purpose planning. This planning is used for several purposes:
Multivariate criteria delimitation. When delimitation of region more than one criteria is taken
then these multivariate criteria is grouped into one unit.
Negative Impact. This impact can disturb the life of community.
Non-basic activities. Provide services for people and business located within the community.
They do not generate money from outside sources.
Non Contagious. When any type of activity development take place in particular area and this
development is shifted to another area without touching the middle area.
Non-renewable Resources.
Any natural resource from the Earth that exists in limited supply and cannotbe replaced if it is us
ed up;
Objective of planning. There are four objectives of planning. Health, Beautification,
Convenience, Cost minimization.
Paradigm crisis. It was the turning point of Einstein.
Paradigm shift. When about the matter formula was given E=MC2.
Paradigm stage: Newtons stage
Passive effect. The improvement in existing towns.
PC-1. Atari Degas Image Bitmap graphics.
Physical Planning. Means an areas physical structure, housing, land use, communication,
utilities, etc. these are regulated and controlled by towns development.
Planning legislation. The Planning and Environment Act provides the legal framework for the
operation of Victoria's planning system.
Planning objectives. The planning objectives are as under, Health, Beautification, Convenience,
Cost minimization.
Planning Theories, There are two types of theories, Theory of planning (descriptive plan model)

Polarization. It means the process of convergence, as labor and economy converge in central
place.
Positive impact. It means the planners are getting benefit from environment.
Pre-paradigm stage: Experiment in planning up to newtons
Primary data. Data observed or collected directly from Field experience.
Principle of control: After interruption the process of control automatically comes into mind
e.g. when the river flow is interrupted the residence of that area.
Principle of intervention. It means how to make entrance into natural process e.g. a river is
flowing although it is beneficial for human being, but how to make it more beneficial.
Project Planning. When planning is carried out for the particular objective with in a specific
time period is called project planning.
Propulsive Firms. It is relatively large and generates infinite impulses in its environment, it has
high ability to innovate and belongs to fast growing industry.
Public participation. It is the planning by the people and it was started in 1969s in UK.
Public Planning is a problem-solving profession that is concerned with the forces that influence
the quality of life in the neighborhood, city, state, and even nation.
Radical Approach. This approach mean providing the structural change in developing of
countries.
Rank size rule. The Rank-size rule describes the remarkable regularity in many phenomena,
including the distribution of city sizes, the sizes of businesses, and the sizes of particles the
lengths of rivers.
Region. An area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but
not always fixed boundaries.
Regional development planning: Regional development planning is the process of establishing
policies and procedures that will aid undeveloped regions to improve.
Regional planning: The utilization of resources in an area which is homogenous in
characteristics to solve the economic and social problems of society.
Regionalism. The theory or practice of regional rather than central systems of administration or
economic, cultural, or political affiliation.
Regionalization. Is the tendency to form decentralized regions. Regionalization can be observed
in various disciplines.
Regulatory or Allocative Planning. This type of planning is concerned with coordination, the
resolution of conflicts ensuring that the existing system is tickling efficiently through time in
accordance with evolving policies.
Secondary data. Secondary data, is data collected by someone other than the user. E.g. Internet,
Books, Magazines etc.
Sector theory of regional growth. From each region there are same indicate or factor which are
taken in account these are endogenic and exergonic effecting the economic development AS
Population, Price, income, per capital, Employment.
Sectorial Planning. When planning is for a particular part of an economy e.g. Agriculture,
industry, social which involves health, education etc.
Service Area. Any area which provides any type of service.
Shift Share Analysis. This method look at the industrial mix and it measures the regional
employment change in relation to national employment change.
Single Objective Planning. It is that type of planning in which we have single aim or objective
during plan preparation.

Social indicators. This indicator is about social activities E.g. literacy rate, population growth,
migration, mortality, fertility, density, etc.
Social overhead capital. The development of human resources e.g. education, health, technical
education, place of amusement.
Socio Economic Survey. Socioeconomics is the social science that studies
how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes.
SOWT analysis. A study undertaken by an organization to identify its internal strengths and
weaknesses, as well as its external opportunities and threats.
Spatial Imbalance. It is the lack of balance, as in distribution or functioning.
Spatial inequality. It means difference in some respect usually income disparity.
Static criteria. When the physical criteria is taken into account then it is called static criteria e.g.
physiographic.
Suburb. An outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.
Survey. A detailed inspection or investigation of an area.
Theories in planning (model). Theories in planning where model is the simplified, idealized,
representation of the real world.
Theory of planning (descriptive plan model). It means how the planner shift plan and how to
planner ought to plan.
Theory. A set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena.
Threshold population. A threshold population is the minimum number of people needed for a
service to be valuable.
Transitional Society. It is the change of system from one phase to another phase.
Types of planning. There are several types of planning. As Comprehensive planning,
Instrumental model
Univariate criteria delimitation. This delimitation only one criteria is taken like per capita
income, migration, unemployment.
Urban Sprawl. The spreading of urban developments on undeveloped land near a city.
Variable. Something that is likely to vary; something that is subject to variation
Vernacular Region It is the place where people believes exists as part of their cultural identity.
Weber material index. Ratio between the sum of the weights of the localized materials and the
weight of the final product. A material index which is larger than one signifies a "material
orientation" of the location of production.
Zonal boundary. It actually indicates that boundaries are not a straight line but are in the form
of zones.