Outline in Pharmaceutical

Care
PREPARED BY: Eloisa Lorraine V Barandon
1C-Pharmacy
meow meow meow meow meow meow meow

TOPIC 1: HEALTH
A. Definition of Health
+ DEFINITION (WHO)
- state of mental, physical and social
well-being and does not merely the
absence of illness or infirmity.
- DEFINITION (WHO)
- total absence of diseases or illness in
ones body.
B. Biological Aspects of Health
SOCIETY
ENVIRONMENT
PHYSICAL
physical body of a man from head to foot.
SOCIAL
concern and support to other people.
SPIRITUAL
spiritual maturity and moral integrity
MENTAL
positive outlook in life.
SEXUAL
acceptance of his or her sexuality.
EMOTIONAL
express his own feelings and develop
personal relationship.
C. Models of Health
1. Medical Model the absence of illness or
disease.
2. WHO Model state of physical, mental and
social well-being and does not merely have the
absence of illness or infirmity.
3. Environmental Model adaptation of the
physical and social surroundings.

4. Wellness Model energy, comfort and

integration of body, mind and spirit.
C. Holistic Health
REMEMBER: INFLUENCE <3
- identifies components of health that
function interdependently to influence an
individuals health.
D. Wellness
- integration of mind, body and spirit.
- enhance quality of life + maximize
personal potential.
- balance,harmony and vitality [BaHaVi]
- loving acceptance of ones self. [Justin
Biebers Love Yourself hahahahahajoke]
E. Illness
REMEMBER: EXPERIENCE :3
- feels unhealthy
- diminished (aspects) < previous
experience
PRECURSOR OF ILLNESS [HEnBeh]
1. Hereditary
2. Environmental Factorzzzz
3. Behavioural Factorzzzz
STAGES OF ILLNESS [SAMeDRe]
1. Symptom Experience
2. Assumption of Sick Role
3. Medical Care
4. Dependent Patient Role
5. Recovery or Rehabilitation
F. Disease
REMEMBER: <<<<< LIFE SPAN XD
- alteration in body functions
- shortening of life span
COMMON CAUSES OF DISEASE
[BID,PTC,ME]
1. Biological Agents microorganismzzzzxcxsz
2. Inherited Genetic Disease
achonDROplasia or DWARFISM
3. Developmental Deficiency cleft palate,
imperforate anus.

4. Physical Agents UV rays, radiation, hot +

cold substances.
5. Tissue Response to Irritation fever,
inflammation because Im hot <3
6. Chemical Agents lead (Pb) emission and
smoke.
7. Metabolic Process diabetes and goiter.
8. Emotional or Physical Reaction to Stress
anxiety and fear.
CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASE
So ganitesh, nahahati ito sa tatlo: Etiologic
which means the CAUSE, Duration or Onset
and OTHERZZZZZZZZ.
I. ACCORDING TO ETIOLOGIC FACTORS
[HeConMeDTAIDNI]
1. Hereditary defect in genes +
transmitted in offspring (kung may offspring,
wala bang offwinter, offsummer, offfall? Uwi
Lorraine hahahahahahahshet)
2.
Congenital
(.|.)

defect
development, hereditary factors and prenatal
infection
3. Metabolic abnormality of the
intricate process of metabolism.
4.
Deficiency

inadequate
intake/absorption of dietary factorzzz.
5. Traumatic injury. (ikr kasi ang love
ay parang traumatic, na-iinjured ang heart mo
kaya manhid ka na at natrauma ka na kaya
hindi ka na magmamahal. </3 BOOM!)
6. Allergic abnormal response to
chemical or protein substances to physical
stimuli.
7. Idiopathic unknown cause.

?
8.
Degenerative

changes sa tissues and organs.

degenerative

9.
Neoplastic growth of cancer
cells. (OKAY? OKAY.)
10.
Iatrogenic
results
from
treatment of disease.
Ex. Chemotherapy one became
kalbo na.
II. ACCORDING TO DURATION OR ONSET
[ACS]
1. Acute (thats me) Illness short duration and
is severe.
2. Chronic illness longer than 6 months.
a. remission controlled disease and
HINDI SIYA OBVIOUS (hindi tulad mo na
sobrang harot hahahahaha)
b. exacerbation becomes active again
(parang sa Messenger nakita kitang Active
then nang gusto kitang i-chat, naging Active
1m ago odo mo!)
3. Subacute illness pronounced but more
prolonged.
III. OTHERS [OFOFaVEEPaS]
1. Organic observable and measurable
disease process.
2. Functional NO ANATOMICAL CHANGES!
- abnormal response to stimuli.
3. Occupational occupation engaged by the
patient.
Ex. Prostitute AIDS/HIV
4. Familial several individuals in the family.
5. Venereal sexual relation (.|.) and 3====D
6. Epidemic large number of individuals in a
community at the same time.
Ex. SARS
7. Endemic present more or less
continuously or recurs in a community.
Ex. Malaria in Palawan, Goiter in Mt.
Province.
8. Pandemic epidemic disease which is
extremely widespread involving an entire
country or continent.
9. Sporadic occasional cases.
G. Health Promotion Model
- empowering the peeps
- better self-managers

FOCUS: Patient Education, Counselling and

Support mechanisms + Help People
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
- positive resources
- behaviour specific changes
- look for ways
INDIVIDUAL PERCEPTION
MODIFYING FACTORS
PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH
[InMOP]
I. INDIVIDUAL PERCEPTION
perceived,
SUSCEPTIBILITY,
SERIOUSNESS and THREAT of an illness.
Leavell and Clarks Agent Host-Environmental
Model
AGENT
any factor or
stress that
could lead to
an illness

ENVIRONMENT

HOST

external to the host

May or may not be

affected

II. MODIFYING FACTORS

1. Demographic values
2. Structural variable
3. Socio-psychologic variables
4. Cues action
III. PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH
H. Health Style
- sum of personal health decisions for
individual and community
- both very personal and interpersonal
INFLUENCED BY:
o Information
o Values
o Social Support
o Health-related skills
o Health related resources

o Momentum from health-related

decisions.
INDICATORS
OF
HEALTH
STATUS:
I. PERSONAL HEALTH STATUS
- satisfaction with life
- zest for life
- functional level of physical
fitness <----- ayaw mag-connect parang love
natin joke
- minimum of illness
II. COMMUNITY HEALTH STATUS
- Morbidity - # of illness in a
group.
- Mortality - # of death in a group.
- Life Expectancy = # of years a
person is expected to live.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT HEALTH
BEHAVIOUR AND STATUS
696969696 RACE, SEX, INCOME 696969696
PREDISPOSING, REINFORCING, ENABLING
FACTORS
I. PREDISPOSING FACTORS
- life experience
- knowledge
- cultural and ethnic heritage
- beliefs and values
II. ENABLING FACTORS [-ies]
- abilities
- mental and emotional capabilities
- resources
- facilities
III. REINFORCING FACTORS
- support
- encouragement and discouragement from
people
I. Health Care Strategies
Health Care Services [HIDiR]
1. Health Promotion reduce risk of illness,
maintain maximal function, promote good health
habits.
2. Illness Prevention avoid illness primary,
secondary or tertiary health prevention.
3. Diagnosis and Treatment - commonly used kasi
it soughts a person sa kanyang illness or problem.
4. Rehabilitation restoration

J. Cure
Latin word, cura
- welfare of another
- conscientious devotion
K. Care
- compassionate state of being
- otherness of the other

TOPIC 2: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF

HEALTH CARE
A. Health Background
HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS = UTILIZE
CLUES
B. Medicine
Latin word, medicus which means
HEALING ART
- more active + live longer
- happier lives
- LESS SUFFERING (ang OXYMORON
nito because studying medicine, pre-med to be
more specific is COMPLETELY THE
OPPOSITE OF LESS SUFFERING so please
wag po ganon)
1. Constant Search
- new drugs
- effective treatnebts
- more advanced technology
2. Health Care Professionals
- prevent
- control
- cure
3. Parts of health care industry
4. Largest industries in the world
5. Leading employers of most communities
C. 20th Century Medicine
BEGINNING!
- frail by the age of 40
- LIFE EXPECTANCY = 47.3 YEARS
END!
- LIFE EXPECTANCY = 76 YEARS
TODAY = 80s and 90s ACTIVE!

D. History of Health Care

1. Trepanning cut a hole through ones head.
(Sadly, you cut a hole through my heart and its
so masakit BEH </3)
- epilepsy, headache, insanity
- Iron Age
DR. JOHN CLARKE first physician to use
trepanning in the U.S.
SPINNING TREATMENT attempted to
rid the body of mental illness through physical
means.
2. Spread Eagle Cure pure cold water to the
patient.
3. Faradization mild electric shock for
insanity.
4. Cautery burning of the tissue
Poultics
Sutures
Resetting dislocations and fractures
5. Laxatives and Enemas treat constipation
and other gastrointestinal disease. (you treat
shit)
6. Narcotic and stimulating properties of plant
extracts
7. Fox Glove for Digoxin, <3 Stimulant.
(@/crush please be my Digoxin)
8. Opium Poppy opium and poppy seeds are
extracted
- source of morphine, the
baine, deine and noscapine.
E. Health Care Professionals
- work in health care services: diagnosis
and treatment of patients
- research, teaching and administration
F. Pharmacist
- unique body of knowledge and skills
- dispenses appropriate drug and
knowledge for rational use of drugs
G. Early Functions of Pharmacists
[APreCoMDPAEMSec]
1. Assisting
2. Preparing, Compounding and Manufacturing

3. Dispensing and Packaging

4. Advising and Educating
5. Monitoring the outcome
6. Serving as a community resource person

2. Expertise of pharmacist
3. Identifies P&S
4. Dependent patient
5. Parent-child relationship

H. The 10 Star Pharmacist [PRMCLLDETA]

1. Pharmaceutical Care Giver
2. Researcher
3. Manager
4. Communicator
5. Leader
6. Life-long Learner
7. Decision-Maker
8. Entrepreneur
9. Teacher
10. Agent of Positive Change

L. Pharmaceutical Care
REMEMBER: IMPROVE PQL
- provision of therapy for the purpose of
achieving definite outcomes that improve the
patients quality of life. (Hepler and Strand)
- well-being, commitment, health
prevention and care, primary health care.

I. Concerns among Health Care Patients

1. Abuse, misuse and inappropriate use of
drugs
2. Increase health care cost
3. Patient suffering
J. Patient-Oriented Professional
REMEMBER: IMPROVE DRUG USE
- apply and provide knowledge to improve
drug use in health care system.
AIM: HELPER AND EDUCATOR (fck
remember this!!!!!)

M. The Focus
1. Patient-centeredness
2. Address both acute and chronic conditions
3. Prevention
4. Documentation systems
5. Accessible front-line first contact
6. Integration of care
7. Accountable
8. Emphasis on AMBULATORY patient
9. Education/Health promotional intervention

Primary
Focus
Continuity
Strategy

I. Patient Quality of Life (PQL)

REMEMBER: WELFARE AND RELIEF
- welfare of humanity and relief of
human suffering.
- patients perspective
J. Traditional Pharmacist
[PDiDiSHe]
1. Preparing and dispensing
2. Direction of physician
3. Strongly allied
4. Health professional = patient
K. Medical Model
1. Passive Patient

Helping Model
Actively involved

Trust
Expose P&S
Self-confidence
Equal

Orientation

Traditional
Pharmacy

Clinical
Pharmacy

Pharmaceutical
Care

Rx
order/OTC
request
Upon
Demand
Obey

Physicians or
other health
professionals
Discontinuous

Patient

Continuous

Find fault or
prevention
Process

Anticipate or
improve
Outcomes

Drug
Product

N. The Future
PHARMACY Patient Outcome
EVOLVING TOWARDS INTERPRETATION
AND PATIENT CONSULTATION!!!!! :3 meow

TOPIC 3: GENERAL HEALTH CARE

(ABRAHAM MASLOWS HIERARCHY
OF NEEDS)
A. Health Promotion Identification
1. Wellness integrated method of
functioning
which
is
oriented
toward
maximizing the potential of which the
individual is capable, within the environment
where he is functioning.
(IN OTHER WORDS, IT IS TESTING
THE LIMITS OF AN INDIVIDUAL ON HOW HE
OR SHE IS CAPABLE OF.)
2. Illness individuals perception of
any condition that causes the individual to be
concerned and seek help.
3. Basic Human Needs certain needs
which are common to all people.
Human needs conditions that the
individual must ACHIEVE a state of health
and well-being.

C. Why Measure Health?

REASONS
1. To establish priorities (parang love, you
need to establish your priorities to your
boyfriend/girlfriend)
2. To assist planning
3. To justify resources
4. To assist the development of the profession
D. Objective Factors
1. Health Measures
2. Health Behavior Indicators
3. Environmental Indicators
4. Socio-economic Indicators
E. Subjective Factors
1. Measures of physical well-being
2. Measures of psychological well-being
3. Measures of social well-being
4. Measures of quality of life
meow meow meow meow meow meow

B. Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

1940s
SELFACTUALIZATION
Mentally healthy
person

SELF-ESTEEM
Self-image, self-respect, recognition and
respect from others

LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS

<3 <3 <3 <3 <3 LOVE <3 <3 <3 <3 <3

SAFETY AND SECURITY

Secure physical and emotional environment + No danger

PHYSIOLOGICAL
AIR, FOOD, SEX, REST AND SLEEP!!!!!!