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SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE
Two Marks with Answers
UNIT I- FUNDAMENTALS OF SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE
6) Write the reason for software quality assurance organization fail to have much impact
on software quality.
a) SQA organizations are rarely staffed with sufficiently experienced or knowledgeable
people
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b) The SQA management team is often not capable of negotiating with development
c) Senior management often backs development over SQA on a large percentage of issues
d) Software development groups rarely produce verifiable quality plans.
7) Write short notes on SQAP.
Software Quality Assurance Plan that specifies its goal, the SQA tasks to be
performed, the standards against which development work is to be measured and the procedure
are organizational structure.
8) What are the points to be considered when SQA can be effective, while considering SQA
people?
a) The practice of starting new hires in SQA is a partial solution that can be effective only if
there are enough experienced people there already
b) Rotation schemes can also be effective from SQA.
c) New development managers be performed SQA
d) SQA to be effective, they must have good people and full management backing.
9) What are the roles of IV&V?
Independent Verification and Validation
a) IV&V role is to ensure that the customers needs are adequately reflected in the work.
b) To ensure that the right skills and attitudes are in place
c) To provide an independent development or maintenance organizations performance.
10) Write the minimum content for the section on standards, practices and conventions of
IEEE.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Documentation Standards
Logic structure standards
Coding standards
Commentary standards
11) Mention some potential pitfalls while SQA monitoring the responsibilities?
a) It is a mistake to ensure that the SQA people themselves can do anything about quality
b) The existence of an SQA function does not ensure that the standards and procedures are
followed
c) Unless management periodically demonstrates its support for SQA by following their
recommendation SQA will be ineffective.
12) What is the simple rule on SQA Reporting?
The one simple rule on SQA reporting is that it not be under the software development
manager. Project schedules are always tight, so these line managers are not likely to listen
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Change management
configuration control
Revisions
versions
deltas
conditional code
They are periodically needed to ensure the integrity of the software boundaries
A successful audit is performed before every major baseline change
The audit verifies that changes to the baseline are implemented as intended.
The auditing function is an integral part of the SCM system.
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19) What are the special SCM function needs in during implementation?
a) Source code change out and change in facilities
b) Read only access to specifications and object code
c) A procedure for making approved changes to module specifications.
d) An SCM procedure to ensure that any new source code is consistent with the module
specifications
20) What is SCMP?
Software Configuration Management Plan
A first step in establishing an SCM system. It includes objectives, responsibilities and the
approach and methods to be used
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Technological
Organizational
Historic
Group dynamic
Individual
Other cases & inexplicable Causes
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Characteristics
Software Quality is not absolute
Software Quality is multidimensional
Software Quality is subject to Constraints
Software Quality is about acceptable Compromises
Software Quality Criteria are not independent, but interact with each other Causing
Conflicts
Transcendental View
User view
Manufacturing View
Product View
Value-based View
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Performance
Design
Adaptation
Efficiency
Integrity
Reliablity
Usability
Correctness
Maintainability
Verifiability
Expandability
Flexibility
Interoperability
Portability
Reusability
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Consistency
Simplicity
Conciseness
Self-descriptiveness
Modularity
Criteria include
Consistency
Simplicity
Conciseness
Self-descriptiveness
Modularity
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Portability is a setoff attributes that bera on the capability of software to be transferred from
one environment to another
Generality
Self-descriptiveness
Modularity
Simplicity
Document Accessibility
System Clarity
Machine Independence
Application Independence
Be customer focused
Insure Total Employee involvement
Process Centered
Integrated system
Strategic and Systematic approach
Continual Improvement
Fact Based Decision Making
Communication
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Internal failure costs occur when results fail to reach quality standards and are detected before
they are shipped to the customer
28. When does an external failure cost occur?
External failure costs occur when the products or services fail to reach quality standard,
but are not detected until after the customer receives the item
29. What is PDCA cycle?
PDCA(Plan-do-Check-act)is an iterative four-step management method used in business
for the control and continuous improvement of processes and products.it is also called:PDCA
cycle, Deming Cycle,Shewhart Cycle
30.What is the purpose of Software Quality Metrics?
The purpose of software metrics is to make assessments throughout the software life cycle as
to whether the software quality requirements are being met.
UNIT IV- SOFTWARE QUALITY PROGRAM
1.
What is SQP?
SQP stands for software Quality Program. Software Quality program is a framework
for and performance have been achieved
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.The Quality Control Plan lists the internal reviews needed to meet your Quality Targets
8. List out the basic system considerations for quality goals establishment.
System Characteristics
Trade-offs
Caveats
Quality Functions
Training
9. What are the systems characteristics on which the quality goals for a system depend?
The quality goals for a system depend upon system characteristics which include
the following
Functionality
Performance
Constraints
Technological Innovativeness
Technological and managerial risk
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The scope of SQA plan (SQAP) is tailored to fit the current software development
effort and is related to the project planning and lifecycle description documents for this project. It
traces the all phases of this software development process and how the qualities of the product
are ensured.
11. What is the task of SQA group?
The SQA group ensures the quality of the software process and thereby ensures the
quality of the product. SQA groups tasks cover the entire software lifecycle from conception to
delivery.
12. What is the objective of reviewing the software?
The objectives of reviewing software are:
System Size
System Criticality
Cost of correcting errors
Type of release
Relationship with the user
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organization can time and time again deliver the product or services that meet the clients quality
requirements
6. What are the Older Standards of ISO 9000?
ISO 9001 Model for quality assurance: design, development, production, installation
and servicing.
ISO 9002 Model for quality assurance : production, installation and servicing
ISO 9003 Model for quality assurance : final inspection and test.
7. What are the Current Standards of ISO 9000?
The family of ISO 9000 Standards has been developed by Iso and it is made up of four
core standards:
ISO 9000:2005 Fundamentals and Vocabulary
ISO 9001: 2008 Quality Management Systems Requirements
ISO 9004:2009 Quality Management Systems Guidelines for performance
improvements
ISO 19011:2002 Guidelines for quality and / or environmental management systems
auditing
8. Why is the Quality System needed?
To satisfy customers through a quality product
To gain self-confidence - we get what we planned
To achieve competitiveness in both the local and overseas markets
As a blueprint for efforts to improve the quality system of the organization
9. Mention the eight quality management principles?
Focus on your customers
Provide leadership
Involve your people
Use a process approach
Take a systems approach
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Management Responsibility
Quality System
Order Entry
Design Control
Document and Data Control
Purchasing
Control of Customer Supplied Products
Product Identification and Tractability
Process Control
Inspection and Testing Control of Inspection, Measuring and Test Equipment
Inspection and Test Status
Control of Nonconforming Products
Corrective and Preventive Action
Handling, Storage, Packaging and Delivery
Control of Quality Records
Internal Quality Audits
Training
Servicing
Statistical Techniques
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CMM
CMM stands for capability maturity model
CMM designed only for Software Industry
It is initial model provide baseline toCMMI
CMM focus attention on processes, but the
new
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CMMI
CMMI stands for capability maturity model
integration
CMMI designed for all other industries like
call centre etc..,along with software
It is upgraded model of CMM
CMMI focus attention on result-Oriented
Process
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CMM describes about the software engineering CMM Integrated describes both software and
alone
system Engineering
18. List out the common feature of ISO 9000 and SEIS CMM
Capability to deliver with consistency
Aim at Quality Improvement of the products or services
Stress that Quality assurance should be a planned activity
Require management commitment to quality expressed through appropriate explicit
policy statement(s)
19. Give the relationship of the SQA group role to SEIS CMM
SEI Maturity level
Initial
Repeatable
Defined
Managed
Optimizing
Role of SQA
Testing
Quality Hurdle
Oversight, Metrics
Process and Management
Reference, Oversight
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