UOP Renewable Jet Process

Procesos de refinacin de
bioturbosina
Claudio Bertelli
Global Business Development Manager
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company

3er. Taller del Plan de Vuelo hacia los Biocombustibles

Sustentables de Aviacin en Mxico
Infraestructura y Refinacin
14-15 October
Tuxtla Gutirrez, Mxico
2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved.

UOP Renewables Vision

Building on UOP technology and expertise
Produce real drop-in fuels instead of fuel additives/blends
Leverage existing refining, transportation, energy, biomass handling
infrastructure to lower capital costs, minimize value chain disruptions,
and reduce investment risk.
Focus on path toward second generation feedstocks & chemicals

Oxygenated Biofuels
Ethanol

Biodiesel

Renewable
Energy
Fuel
Fuel &
&
Power
Power

Hydrocarbon Biofuels
Diesel

Jet

Gasoline

Other Oils: Camelina, Jatropha

First
Generation

Second
Generation

Natural oils from

vegetables and
greases

Lignocellulosic
biomass,
algal oils
UOP Proprietary

UOP RE&C Technologies & Capabilities

Feed
Natural Oil/Fats
Hydrogen

Natural Oil/Fats
Hydrogen

Process
TM
Ecofining
EcofiningTM
Process
Process

Renewable
Renewable Jet
Jet
Process
Process

UOP RE&C Capabilities

y Studies
9Scoping
Green Diesel
9Revamp
Green Jet (if req)
9Blending / LP
y Engineering Design
HVO: 000s
y Catalyst Supply
barrels/day
y Key Eqpt Supply
y Start-Up Services
Green Jet
y Training Services
Green Diesel
y Technical Support
Product

Envergent Technologies UOP/Ensyn JV

Biomass

Rapid
Rapid Thermal
Thermal
Processing
Processing
(Pyrolysis)
(Pyrolysis)

Green Power / Fuel Oil (now)

Upgrading
Upgrading Process
Process
Green Fuels (2011)

Sustainable technologies feedstock flexible & 2nd Gen ready

UOP Proprietary

UOP/ENI Ecofining for Green Diesel

Superior technology that
produces drop-in diesel,
rather than an additive

Process Comparison vs. Biodiesel

Natural Oil/
Grease

Methanol
Uses existing refining
infrastructure, can be
Natural Oil/
Grease
transported via pipeline,
+
and can be used in existing Hydrogen
automotive fleet

Biodiesel
Biodiesel (FAME)
(FAME)

+ Glycerol

Green
Green Diesel
Diesel

+ Propane

Performance Comparison
ULSD

Biodiesel

Green
Diesel

11

Baseline

+10

-10 to 0

0.84

0.88

0.78

40-55

50-65

75-90

Sulphur, ppm

<10

<2

<2

Energy Density, MJ/kg

43

38

44

Cold Flow

Baseline

Poor

Excellent

Lubricity

Baseline

Good

Baseline

Oxidative Stability

Baseline

Poor

Baseline

Two units licensed in Europe

with first commercial start-up
in 2012

Property

Excellent blending
component, allowing refiners
to expand diesel pool by
mixing in bottoms

Cetane

Oxygen, %
NOx, %
Specific Gravity

High quality drop-in biofuel for ground vehicles

UOP Proprietary

Commercial/Demonstration Experience
Year
Of
Project

Technology

Location

Customer

Size
(BPSD)

Status

2006

Ecofining

Italy

ENI

6,500

FEED done awaiting

approval / legislation

2008

Ecofining

Portugal

GALP

6,500

FEED done awaiting

approval / legislation

2009

Ecofining

North America

Undisclosed

10,000

Doing Schedule A

2010

Renewable Jet

North America

Undisclosed

6,500

Doing Process Work

2008-2010

Ecofining/RJ

Texas, USA

UOP Demo

100-200

Operating

UOP Confidential

Use of Green Jet Fuel

y Green Jet Fuel can meet all
the key properties of petroleum
derived aviation fuel
yFlash point
yFreeze Point
yStability
yHeat of Combustion
y SPK does not contain aromatics
so must be blended with a
source of aromatics, such as
fossil jet fuel

Crude Oil

Natural Oils &

Fats

Oil Refinery

UOP Renewable
Jet Process

Fossil Jet Fuel

Synthetic
Paraffinic
Kerosene

50-100%

0-50%

Fully Fungible
drop-in
Renewable Fuel

A drop-in biofuel for aviation

UOP Proprietary

Producing Jet-range Fuel from

Deoxygenated Natural Oils and Fats
Crude Oil
Gasoline
Gases

Lubricating Oils

Diesel No. 2

Heavy Fuel Oils

Jet

60 300 400 500

Coconut Oil
6

8 10

5 18 75

Asphalt

650
to
Boiling Point, F

Jet
15

1000

1300

Soybean Oil

20
Number of Carbon Atoms

43

4,000 366,000

71

>1000 Trillion

Number of Paraffin Isomers

Carbon Chain Length
5-10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19+

Coconut Oil

15

49

18

11

Soybean Oil

11

88

Deoxygenated Coconut Oil

15

19

29

11

Deoxygenated Soybean Oil

35

53

0
UOP 5039-08

Renewable Jet (Bio-SPK) Chemistry

Feedstocks
Rapeseed
Tallow
Jatropha
Soybean
Algal Oils
Palm Oil
Camelina
Greases

CO2

HO
O

CH3

Free Fatty Acid

FreeMW=200-300
Fatty Acid

H2
CH3

HC O O

CO2

H2O +

H3C

CH3

OO

CH3
Triglyceride
Triglyceride Feed
MW=700-900

H2O

H3C

UOP Catalyst

H3C

CH3
CH3

H3C
H3C

CH3

CH2 +
CH3

H3C
Straight
Chain
Paraffins
Straight
Chain
Paraffins

y Natural oils contain oxygen, have high

UOP Catalyst
H
molecular weight.
CH CH
y First reaction removes oxygen product is
diesel range waxy paraffins
CH
Synthetic
CH
CH
HC
H
C
Paraffinic
y Second reaction cracks diesel paraffins to
+
Synthetic Paraffinic
Kerosene
smaller, highly branched molecules
Kerosene
CH
HC
CH CH
y End product is same as molecules already
+
CH
HC
present in aviation fuel
y End product is independent of starting oil
2

Feedstock flexible, but with consistent product properties

UOP Proprietary

UOP Renewable Jet Process

Selective
Hydrocracking

Deoxygenation

Product
Separation
Hydrogen

Feedstocks
Rapeseed
Tallow
Jatropha
Soybean
Algal Oils
Palm Oil
Camelina
Greases

Light Fuels
CO2

SPK
(Green Jet)
Water

Green Diesel

y Feedstock flexible
y Optimised for SPK yield
y Makes valuable hydrocarbon co-products

- Green Diesel
- Green Naphtha
- Green LPG
y Ability to swing anywhere between Max SPK and Max Green Diesel
production to meet market demand

Commercial scale, proven technology

UOP Proprietary

Feed Source Options

Vol% 1st Stage Straight Chain Paraffin Yields
120

y UOP Renewable Jet Process is

applicable to a wide variety of
feed-stocks (vegetable &
animal)
y Works with 2nd generation feedstocks such as algae and
inedible oils such as camelina
& jatropha

110
100
80
70

Jatropha
Soybean
Partially HT soybean
Fully HT soybean
Tallow
Canola
Tallow 2
Palm Oil
Tallow 3
Tall Oil
Tallow 4

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Vol% 1st Stage Straight Chain Paraffin Yields

120

6000
100

Hours On Stream

y Works with cost advantaged feedstock such as waste animal fats

and waste greases
y Alternate processing conditions
required

Vol% Yield

Vol% Yield

90

80
60
Diesel yields palm
Diesel yields algae
Diesel yields jatropha
Diesel yields FFA

40
20
0
0

200

400

600
800
Hours On Stream

Feedstock Flexibility Enhances Profitability

1000

1200

1400

UOP 5395-14

Chemical Hydrogen Consumption by Feed

Type
H2 consumption depends on feed & cloud point of product,
but building for hydrogen consumption flexibility is important.
o

C (32 F) cloud point

For Green Diesel with -8

C (17.6 F) cloud point

Feed Type

lg
al
A

Ta
llo
w

Ja
tr
op
ha

Pa
lm

n
So
yb
ea

an
ol
a
C

lg
al
A

Ta
llo
w

Ja
tr
op
ha

Pa
lm

n
So
yb
ea

an
ol
a

Relative Overall SOR H2 Requirements

For Green Diesel with 0

Note: Chemical
hydrogen consumption
excludes mechanical,
solution and venting
losses. Hydrogen
consumption
throughout this
presentation refers to
chemical consumption
only.

More saturated feedstocks less hydrogen consumption

UOP 5395-15

Feed Specification
y Requires refined and bleached
feedstocks (RB)
y Pre-treatment steps similar to
a FAME unit, except FFA
removal NOT required
y Higher FFA permissible with
upgraded metallurgy

Crude
Feed

Degumming
Degumming

Bleaching
Bleaching

Treated
Feed To RJ
Unit

Meeting Feed Specification Maximizes Catalyst Life & Ensures

Reliable Operation
UOP Confidential

Key Properties of Honeywell

Green Jet Fuel

Jet A-1
Specs

Jatropha
Derived
SPK

Camelina
Derived
SPK

Jatropha/
Algae
Derived
SPK

Min 38

46.5

42.0

41.0

Max -47

-57.0

-63.5

-54.5

max 25

0.0

0.0

0.2

<3

1.0

<1

1.0

Net heat of combustion, MJ/kg

min 42.8

44.3

44.0

44.2

Viscosity, -20 deg C, mm2/sec

max 8.0

3.66

3.33

3.51

max 3000

<0.0

<0.0

<0.0

Description
Flash Point, oC
Freezing Point, oC
JFTOT@300oC
Filter dP, mmHg
Tube Deposit Less Than

Sulfur, ppm

Production Viability Demonstrated

Fuel Samples from Different Sources Meet Key Properties
UOP 5425D-14

Typical UOP Hydrotreating Unit

Renewable Jet Process Equipment

y High P/T fixed bed, down flow, reactor vessels
y Low NOx fired heaters
y Vapor/liquid & vapor/liquid/liquid separation vessels
(horizontal & vertical)
y Trayed distillation columns
y Packed absorption columns
y Shell & tube heat exchangers
y Air coolers
y Centrifugal pumps
y Reciprocating compressors
All equipment types are exactly the same as those
typically used in oil refineries

Typical Hydrogen Plant

Hydrogen Supply
Natural Gas (makeup to achieve
required H2 amount & for start-up)

H2 Plant Steam
Reformer

H2

UOP PSA
UOP Jet Unit
99.5%
H2

Option to recycle LPG/Naphtha to make

hydrogen

y Pipeline hydrogen may be available in key industrial locations

y UOP has links with global Hydrogen Plant suppliers
y Recycling LPG could supply up to 40% of hydrogen requirements of the unit

Unit requires high purity hydrogen

UOP Confidential

Typical Transesterification Plant

Renewable Jet Process

Infrastructure Requirements

Flare

ISBL
Renewable Jet
Process Unit

Steam
Nat. Gas
Electricity

e
ag
nk
Ta

ISBL
Amine
units

Pr Fee
e- d
tre
at

S H
& upp 2
P S ly
A

t
uc ion
od ut
Pr trib
s
di

Waste
Water

Existing Refinery Assets Minimize Capital Investment

Project Development
y Sign NDA
y Preliminary Info Package
and/or..
y Technical proposal
y Engage EPC contractor?
y Green Jet samples
y Engineering agreements
y Licence agreements

Project Event

By

Duration

Overall Capex
Accuracy

Schedule A Basic
Engineering
Design

UOP

6 months

+/-40%

Front End
Engineering
Design (FEED)

EPC
Contractor

6 months

+/-10%

Investment Decision
Detailed Design &
Procurement

EPC
Contractor

Construction

EPC
Contractor

Commissioning

UOP, EPC
& End User

+/-5%
2 years

Unit could be operating within 24 - 36 months

UOP Proprietary

+/-0%

Summary
y Based on UOP Hydro-processing technology
y Feedstock flexible
y Bio-SPK is a pure hydrocarbons product
y Valuable by-products
y Hydrogen and infrastructures requirements
y Different from Transesterification (FAME, Biodiesel)

UOP Proprietary