WCDMA HSUPA

Principles

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Foreword
HSUPA: High Speed Uplink Packet Access
HSUPA, as one of important feature from Huawei RAN6, has been taken as an important
enhancement to improve the network performance

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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
1.Outline the protocol architecture of HSUPA
2.Know the key technologies of HSUPA

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Contents
Introduction of HSUPA
HSUPA Concepts
Physical Layer Channel and Processing
MAC Protocols and Procedure

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High Speed Uplink Packet Access

Driver force for HSUPA
-

Data Rate demand for higher peak data rates in uplink

Qos lower latency
Capacity better uplink throughput
Coverage better uplink coverage for higher data rate

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WCDMA Evolution

Mobile Network

Upllink Peak Data Rate

Downlink Peak Data

Rate

GSM
GPRS
EDGE

9.6kbps
20kbps
60kbps

9.6kbps
40kbps
120kbps

WCDMA Release 99

384kbps

384kbps

HSDPA Release 5

384kbps

10Mbps

HSUPA Release 6

1.4Mbps/5.76Mbps

10Mbps

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HSDPA, HSUPA and DCH comparison table

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Release 99 Uplink Packet Data

DCH (Dedicated Channel)
- Variable spreading factor
- Closed loop power control
- Marco diversity (soft handover)

RACH
-

Common spreading code

Fixed spreading factor
No closed loop power control
No soft handover

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Release 99 Uplink Limitation

Large scheduling delay
- Radio resource is controlled from RNC
- Uplink DCCC (Dynamic channel configuration control)

Large latency
- Transmission time interval duration of 10/20/40/80ms
- RNC based retransmission in case of errors (RLC layer)

Limited uplink data rate

- Deployed peak data rate is 384kbps with limited subscriber number

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Improved Characters by HSUPA

Higher peak data rate in uplink
Reduced latency
- Faster retransmission to improve throughput

Fast scheduling
- Optimize the resource allocation to maximize the total throughput

Quality of service support

- Improve QoS control and resource utilization

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Contents
Introduction of HSUPA
HSUPA Concepts
Physical Layer Channel and Processing
MAC Protocols and Procedure

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HSUPA VS HSDPA
HSDPA

HSUPA

New high-speed shared channel

Dedicated channel with enhanced

capabilities

HARQ with fast retransmission at layer 1

Rate/modulation adaptation Single serving
cell

Fast power control Soft handover

Fast NodeB scheduler

Fast NodeB scheduler

Shared NodeB power and code

Rise-over-Thermal (ROT)

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Rise-over-Thermal Noise
In order to decode received data correctly, the uplink interference chall be controlled
Rise-over-Thermal is measure of the uplink load

NodeB monitor uplink interference and tells

UE how much power can be used to transmit
uplink data

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DPDCH and E-DPDCH comparison table

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HSUPA Channel Operation

The UE sends a transmission request to the NodeB for getting resources
The NodeB responds to the UE with a grant assignment, allocation uplink band to the UE
The UE uses the grant to select the appropriate transport format for the Data transmission to the
NodeB
The NodeB attempts to decode the received data and send ACK/NACK to the UE. In case of
NACK, data may be retransmitted

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HSUPA scheduling-related information exchanged

over the air

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HSUPA scheduling in soft handover

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Contents
Introduction of HSUPA
HSUPA Concepts
Physical Layer Channel and Processing
MAC Protocols and Procedure

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New Channel for HSUPA

Uplink Transport Channel
E-DCH: Carries high speed uplink data

Uplink Physical Channels

E-DPDCH: Carries E-DCH
E-DPCCH: Carries control signal for E-DPDCH

Downlink Physical Channels

E-HICH : Carries HARQ ACK/NACK indicator for E-DCH
E-RGCH : Carries relative grant determined by the scheduler
E-AGCH : Carries absolute grant determined by the scheduler

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New Channel is HSUPA Operation

The UE sends a request for resources. The request includes status of its data buffers and is sent
on E-DPDCH
Based on the request from the UE, the Node B allocates a resource grant to the UE. The grant is
sent on the E-AGCH channel
This grant can be modified by the Node B every TTI using the E-RGCH channel
The UE transmits data on E-DPDCH. Control information needed to decode the data is sent on EDPCCH.
The NodeB decodes the received packet and informs the UE whether it could decode the data
successfully or not on the E-HICH channel

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Transport channel processing details

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E-AGCH
E-AGCH is common downlink channel
Fixed data rate : 30kbps
QPSK modulation
Spreading factor : 256

E-AGCH carries abdolute grant for E-DCH for all Ues in the cell
Transmission on E-AGCH can be 2ms or 10ms
2ms if E-DCH TTI is 2ms
10ms if E-DCH TTI is 10ms

UE listens to the E-AGCH from the serving cell only

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E-AGCH coding chain

Absolute grant value is a 5-bit integer number ranging from 0 to 31 that has a specific mapping [3]
to the E-DPDCH/DPCCH power ratio the UE may use.
Absolute grant scope can be used to activate/de-activate a particular HARQ process (identified by
the E-AGCH timing) or all HARQ processes. The absolute grant scope can only be used with a 2ms E-DCH TTI.
Primary/Secondary UE-id or primary/secondary E-DCH radio network temporary identity (E-RNTI)
is used to mask the CRC of the E-AGCH. Each UE may have up to two UE-ids which it checks
fromeach E-AGCH and if it detects one or the other as matching the transmission it knows that
the E-AGCHtransmission was destined for it.

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E-AGCH coding chain

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E-AGCH frame structure

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E-HICH
E-HICH is a dedicated downlink channel that carries HARQ ACK/NACK
QPSK modulation
Spreading factor is 128 and the channelization code for E-HICH is same with E-RGCH
Transmitted from all cells in the E-DCH active set

ACK/NACK is indicated using a binary indicator

ACK is +1
NACK from cell is serving E-DCH radio link set is -1
NACK from cells not in serving E-DCH radio link set is 0 (DTX)

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Channel Configuration
E-DCH can be established in combilation with he following downlink configurations:
- Downlink DCH only
- HS-DSCH only
- Both DCH and HS-DSCH

The following uplink configuration are possible:

- Uplink DCH only
- E-DCH only
- Both uplink DCH and E-DCH

Downlink and uplink configurations can be combined independently

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Contents
Introduction of HSUPA
HSUPA Concepts
Physical Layer Channel and Processing
MAC Protocols and Procedure

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HSUPA MAC-e PDU structure

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Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) Operation

N-channel Stop-and Wait (SAW) protocol, with 4 processes for 10 ms TTI and 8 processes for 2
ms TTI for continuous transmission
Synchronous retransmission, fixed timing relation means no need for process ID
Separate HARQ feedback is provided per radio link

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HSUPA HARQ process timing with a 10-ms TTI

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HSUPA HARQ process timing with a 2-ms TTI

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Scheduled Transmission
In the downlink, the NodeB allocates scheduling grants to UE to tell UE the maximum amount of
uplink resource it can use.
- Scheduling grants indicates the maximum allowed E-DPDCH/DPCCH power ratio (T/P ratio)
- Scheduling grants are used by the UE to compute largest permitted transport block (E-TFC selection)
- There are two types of scheduling grants:
- The absolute grants provide an absolute limitation of the maximum amount of UL resources the UE may
use
- The relative grants increase or decrease the resource limitation compared to the previously used value

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Absolute Grant
Absolute grants are carried by the E-AGCH chanel of the serving E-DCH cell
The following information is carried by E-AGCH
- UE ID : E-RNTI specific CRC for addressing
- Grant : An index to one of 31 value for traffic-to-pilot- ratio
- HARQ process control : Deactivate/Active HARQ process
- Absolute grant with value 0 is used to deactivate HARQ process
- Scope: Indicates the grant affects one or all HARQ processes
- For 10ms E-DCH TTI, the scope is always set to all processes

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Rules for Updating Serving Grant

Serving E-RGCH commands are ignored for one HARQ RTT if E-AGCH is received
If a down command is received from the non-serving cell, the UE ensures forone HARQ RRT that
serving grant is not higher than the grant considered after reception of the non-serving E-RGCH

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Thanks

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