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Silicon Carbide: Used for grinding cast iron, nonferrous and nonmetallic materials.
Friability: Aluminum oxide and silicon carbide are both very hard and brittle. This
Friability causes the grains to break easily. During the grinding process, each broken grain reveals a
new and very sharp cutting edge.
Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) (Borazon) (ABN): Used for grinding hardened tool steels and
superalloys.
Wheel Bonds
Grinding wheel abrasive is held together with one of the following bonding materials:
Wheel Identification
Five major factors are used to identify most grinding wheels:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Structure
5.
The Bond
ANSI Standard B74.13-1990 Markings for Identifying Grinding Wheels & Other Bonded
Abrasives
A glazed wheel occurs when the abrasive grains are dull. The cutting surface of the wheel appears
shiny.
Loading occurs when foreign material becomes trapped in the voids (spaces) between the abrasive grit.
The wheel at the top is loaded. Bits of metal are embedded in its grinding face. It is poor practice to
off-hand grind soft metals like aluminum on a pedestal grinder. The same wheel, below, has been dressed to
remove the loading.
Truing & Dressing
In a perfect world, a grinding wheel will be self-sharpening. Dull grains will fracture or will be dislodged
from the wheel surface, exposing new sharp cutting edges. Unfortunately this is rarely possible.
Wheels need to be trued and dressed when mounted and must be dressed regularly thereafter.
Truing a wheel ensures the outside cutting surface runs true with the machine spindle.
Truing a wheel on a precision surface grinder is normally accomplished with a single point diamond
dresser.
Dressing a wheel exposes new cutting edges and improves the cutting action.
The most important precaution when using this dresser is to turn the diamond often to avoid grinding
flats on it. Take care not to subject the diamond to Thermal Shock.
One way of mounting a single-point dresser on a surface grinder. The dresser with its diamond is
magnetically secured on a clean chuck. Note the diamond is slanted at a 15-degree angle and positioned
slightly past the vertical centerline of the wheel.