1 . U n d e r l y i n g t h e o r i e s 1.1.

The definition of CLT

C o m m u n i c a t i v e L a n g u a g e Tea c h i n g i s a s e t o f p r i n c i p l e s a b o
ut teachingincluding recommendations about method and syll
abus
w h e r e t h e f o c u s i s o n meaningful communication not
structure, use not usage. In this approach, studentsare given tasks
to accomplish using language instead of studying the language.
The syllabus is based primarily on;
1.Functional
d e v e l o p m e n t , 2 . N o t s t r u c t ur a l d e v e l o p me n t . 3.In essence,
a functional syllabus replaces a structural
syllabus.4 . T h e r e i s a l s o l e s s e m p h a s i s o n e r r o r c o r r e
c t i o n a s f l u e n c y a n d communication become more important than
accuracy.5.Authentic and meaningful language input becomes more
important aswell.6.The class becomes more student-centered as
students accomplish their tasks with other students, while the teacher
plays more of an observer role.
1.2. The features and principles of CLT2 . 2 . 1 F e a t u r e s
1 ) F o c u s o n m e a n i n g . 2)Communicative
competence is the desired goal.3 ) L e a r n e r - c e n t e r e d . 4 ) F l u e n cy
i s t h e pr i m a r y g o a l . 5 ) S t u d e n t s a r e e x p e c t e d
t o i n t e r a c t w i t h o t h e r p e o p l e , e i t h e r i n o r a l practice,
through pair and group work, or in their writings.6)Dialogues, if used,
center around communicative
functions.7 ) I n t r i n s i c m o t i v a t i o n w i l l s p r i n g f r o m a n i n t e r
e s t i n w h a t i s b e i n g communicated by the language.8 ) T a s k based.
2.2.2. Principles
1 ) T h e c o m m u n i c a t i v e p r i n c i p l e : A c t i v
i t i e s t h a t i n v o l v e r e a l communication promote
learning.2 ) T h e t a s k p r i n c i p l e : A c t i v i t i e s i n w h i c h
l a n g u a g e i s u s e d t o c a r r y o u t meaningful tasks promote
learning.3 ) T h e m e a n i n g f u l n e s s p r i n c i p l e : L a n g u a g
e t h a t i s m e a n i n g f u l t o t h e learner supports the learning
process.

1.3. Advantages and disadvantages of communicative language teaching

1 . 3 . 1 . A d v a n t a g e s o f C L T There are some advantages of CLT, there
are;
1)The interaction between students and teachers.
Communicative teaching is becoming increasingly clear feature is
the c h a n g e i n t h e w a y a s t h e i n t e r n s h i p ; s t u d e n t s d e v e l o
p the subject,i n i t i a t i v e a n d b e c o me i n c r e a s i n g l y i m
p o r t a n t . T e a c h e r - s t u d e n t relationship is an interactive,
harmonious relationship, rather than the traditional education, the kind
of master-servant relationship.
2 ) To i n f o rm t h e b a s i c k n o w l e d g e a n d a b i l i t y t o s k i l l f u l l y
c o m b i n e t h e development.
Traditional classroom teaching of English in the main
b o d y o f t h e expense of home study, only emphasized the teachers on the
knowledgeof the systematic and integrity, which is a teacher-centered,
knowledge-centered from the medieval "scholastic" teaching methods
inherited
Onec o n s e q u e n c e o f t h e n e g l e c t o f s t u d e n t a b i l i t y . T h e c
o m m u n i c a t i v e t e a c h i n g e mp h a s i z e s t h e l e a r n e r ' s c o g n i t i v e a
bility and operationalcapabilities, which allow the students
t h e m s e l v e s t o t h i n k a b o u t a n d express their views, thus trained in real
life the ability to use language tocommunicate.
3)Greatly improved the student's interest.
Communicative teaching students to participate in,
s o m e t i m e s accompanied by scenes or simulated scenarios, so that
students more close to life, the students became the main character,
naturally they wereinterested in the English language, to learn English as a
pleasure.
1 . 3 . 2 . D i s a d v a n t a g e s o f C LT
There some disadvantages of CLT, There are;
1.It is felt that there is not enough emphas
is on the correction of
pronunciation
and
grammar error.
I t i s b e c a u s e t o o m u c h f o c u s o n meaning at the expense of
form.2 . C L T a p p r o a c h f o c u s e s o n f l u e n c y b u t n o t a c c
u r a c y i n g r a m m a r a n d pronunciation.3.The CLT approach is

great for intermediate student and advanced students, but for

Beginners some controlled practice is needed.4.The monitoring ability of
the teacher must be very good5.Grammar Teaching Practices make
application of this approach difficult.
2 . L e s s o n p l a n ( w i t h t e a c h i n g ma t e r i a l ) Target Audience
Senior High School Students
Subject
Speaking
Objective (Aim)
To foster students speaking skills and in the primary EFLclassroom by
creatinga real-life communicative setting
Topic
Lost in London: Asking and Giving Directions
Teacher
Citra Priski Abadi
Class
IX SMA
Method
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Durations / Meetings
45 Minutes / 2 Meetings
Objectives
Students will be able to;
1. Develop students speaking skills2. Encourage asking and giving
directions in English3. Develop students speaking micro skills4. Raise
students communicative skills5. Achieve skills integration6. Enhance
students collaboration
Materials
a central London map, You-tube videos, a lap-top,worksheets
SpeakingLesson Plans