DATAWAREHOUSE-ETS

1. Jelaskan sifat sifat DATAWAREHOUSE;

Data warehouse " mengacu pada database yang bertindak sebagai repositor/simpanani
pusat data perusahaan . Hal ini dapat dianggap sebagai arsip database yang terpisah dari
database operasional , dan digunakan terutama untuk tujuan pelaporan dan data mining .

Off line Data Warehouse

Data warehouses in this stage of evolution are updated regularly at a specified time
interval (e.g., daily, weekly, monthly, etc.) from the operational systems, and the data
is stored in an integrated reporting-oriented data structure.
Real Time Data Warehouse
Data warehouses at this stage are updated each time an operational system performs a
transaction.
Integrated Data Warehouse
Data warehouses at this stage are used to generate activity or transactions that are
passed back into the operational systems for use in the daily activity of the
organization.
Subject-oriented
The data in the database is organized so that all the data elements relating to the same
real-world event or object are linked together.
Time-variant
The changes to the data in the database are tracked and recorded so that reports can be
produced showing changes over time.
Non-volatile
Data in the database is never over-written or deleted. Once committed, the data is
static, read-only, but retained for future reporting.
Integrated
The database contains data from most or all of an organization's operational
applications, and that this data is made consistent.

2. Jelaskan perbedaan antara DATABASE dan DATAWAREHOUSE;

3. Jelaskan beda antara OLTP dan OLAP;

4. Berikan penjelasan tentang DATA MART;

Data warehouse:

Holds multiple subject areas

Holds very detailed information

Works to integrate all data sources
Does not necessarily use a dimensional model but feeds dimensional models.
Data mart:

Often holds only one subject area- for example, Finance, or Sales

May hold more summarized data (although many hold full detail)
Concentrates on integrating information from a given subject area or set of source
systems
Is built focused on a dimensional model using a star schema.

5. Berikan contoh sebuah Data Mart pada Departemen Penjualan;

6. Berikan penjelasan tentang Entity Relationship Diagram;

7. Berikan penjelasan tentang STAR SCHEMA dan beri contoh;

8. Berikan penjelasan tentang TABEL FAKTA pada star schema dan beri contoh;
Types of fact tables

Transactional
A transactional table is the most basic and fundamental. The grain associated with a
transactional fact table is usually specified as "one row per line in a transaction", e.g., every
line on a receipt. Typically a transactional fact table holds data of the most detailed level,
causing it to have a great number of dimensions associated with it.

Periodic snapshots
The periodic snapshot, as the name implies, takes a "picture of the moment", where the
moment could be any defined period of time, e.g. a performance summary of a salesman over
the previous month. A periodic snapshot table is dependent on the transactional table, as it
needs the detailed data held in the transactional fact table in order to deliver the chosen
performance output.

Accumulating snapshots
This type of fact table is used to show the activity of a process that has a well-defined
beginning and end, e.g., the processing of an order. An order moves through specific steps
until it is fully processed. As steps towards fulfilling the order are completed, the associated
row in the fact table is updated. An accumulating snapshot table often has multiple date
columns, each representing a milestone in the process. Therefore, it's important to have an
entry in the associated date dimension that represents an unknown date, as many of the
milestone dates are unknown at the time of the creation of the row.

Temporal snapshots
By applying Temporal Database theory and modelling techniques the Temporal Snapshot
Fact Table [3] allows to have the equivalent of daily snapshots without really having daily
snapshots. It introduces the concept of Time Intervals into a fact table, allowing to save a lot
of space, optimizing performances while allowing the end user to have the logical equivalent
of the "picture of the moment" he is interested in.

9. Berikan penjelasan tentang TABEL DIMENSI pada star schema dan beri contoh;
Steps in designing a fact table

Identify a business process for analysis (like sales).

Identify measures of facts (sales dollar), by asking questions like 'What number of XX
are relevant for the business process?', replacing the XX with various options that
make sense within the context of the business.

Identify dimensions for facts (product dimension, location dimension, time

dimension, organization dimension), by asking questions that make sense within the
context of the business, like 'Analyse by XX', where XX is replaced with the subject
to test.

List the columns that describe each dimension (region name, branch name, business
unit name).

Determine the lowest level (granularity) of summary in a fact table (e.g. sales dollars).
An alternative approach is the four step design process described in Kimball.

10. Berikan penjelasan tentang MEASURE pada star schema dan beri contoh;
Measure types

Additive - Measures that can be added across any dimension.

Non Additive - Measures that cannot be added across any dimension.

Semi Additive - Measures that can be added across some dimensions.