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Online Examination System For Distance Learners

Chapter One
Requirement Analysis Documentation
1. Introduction
This document will propose all features and procedures to develop the system. These documents
specially containing details about objectives, scope, design model, primary requirements and
finally monitoring and reporting mechanisms.
Online Examination System is very useful for Educational Institute to prepare an exam, safe the
time that will take to check the paper and prepare mark sheets. It will help the Institute to testing
of students and develop their skills. But the disadvantages for this system, it takes a lot of times
when you prepare the exam at the first time for usage. And we are needs number of computers
with the same number of students.
The effective use of "Online Examination System", any Educational Institute or training centers
can be use it to develop their strategy for putting the exams, and for getting better results in less
time.
Online Examination is being launched because a need for a destination that is beneficial for both
Institutes and students. With this site, institutes can register and host online exams. Students can
give exams and view their results. This site is an attempt to remove the existing flaws in the
manual system of conducting exams. The project will enable educational institutes to conduct
test and have automated checking of answers based on the response by the candidates.

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1.1. Background
Online Examination System is a system that many educational institutions and all users of the
system can benefit from it. Many institutions use various paper materials and pens to process the
manual examination. But in this system, it provides the student information, questionnaires, and
answers and automatically computes the scores. It conducted through the website to remote
candidates. Candidate is given a limited time to answer the questions and after the time expiry
the answer paper is disabled automatically and answers is sent to the examiner. The examiner
will evaluate answers, either through automated process or manually and the results will be sent
to the candidate.
Today many organizations are conducting online examinations worldwide successfully
and issue results online. There are advantages and disadvantages in online examinations. The
advantage is that it can be conducted for remote candidates a n d evaluation of answers can be
fully automated for multiple choice questions can be evaluated manually or through automated
system, depending on the nature of the questions and the requirements. The disadvantage is there
is no method to identify whether the exact students take that exam.

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1.2. Problem definition


Online Examination is very helpful to users. The aim of this project is to provide quick,
immediate and easy way to appear the exam. It can provide special advantages to the
students/applicants. The online examination system can automatically add the marks allocated in
each question to determine the total mark for the questions. A time limit can be set for the
questions. Online Examination System allows jumping to specific questions based on the
previous answer. The online examination system limits the number of times a student can write a
question. Login module helps the user to login to the site. For that he/she must type the username
and password correctly. The login provision in this page helps the already registered user to
directly access the site and there is a link for registration to a user who is new to this site. Student
module is mainly for the students. This helps the students to register for the exam and answer the
exam. For registration name, address, phone no, role id, password should be entered and other
are filled. This will provide result after the exam according to correct and wrong answer.
Administrator module is mainly for the administrator. This will contain the creation of question
paper, preview of already created question paper, and the report of the administrator. For creating
the question paper he/she must enter Exam ID, No: of questions, total time (in min), Marks per
Question, Option type. For showing the preview of already created question paper he/she must
enter the correct Exam id.

1.2. Objective
1.3.1. General objective
General objective of our project is to change the current manual system into computerized one.
This project would be very useful for educational institutes where regular evaluation of students
is required.

1.3.2. Specific objective

Online examination project assesses student by conducting online objective tests.


Responses by the candidates will be checked automatically.
It reduces time consuming.
Being an integrated online examination system reduce paper work.
Questions can have multiple options, multiple answers or can be text answers.
To allow department to create tests and answers.

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The result will be shown after some time to the participating students.
Can generate various report for evaluation purpose when and where required.
This project will enable educational institutes to conduct test and have automated
checking of answers based on the response by the candidates.
It would enable educational status to perform testes quiz and create feedback forms.

1.3. Scope of the project


Scope of this project is very broad in terms of other manually taking exams.
Few of them are:

Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application(user location doesnt
matter )
No restriction that examiner has to be has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Design to facilitate administrator and user.
Online examination is designed for educational institutes like schools, colleges and
private institutes to conduct logic test of their students or employees on regular basis.

1.4. Definitions, Abbreviation, Acronym


The table bellow provides the definitions of all terms, acronyms, and abbreviations.
No
.

Terms/Acronyms

Definitions

1. Student

User mostly a student who will appear for the examination

2. Department

Another user mostly department member, lecturer or examiner


who posts set of questions, the available options and correct
answers.

3. Administrator

Super user, adds Department and manages system.

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Chapter Two
1. Proposed system
2.1. Functional requirements
Required software is for conducting online examination and providing results. The system should
satisfy the following requirements:
2.1.1. User Requirements

Administrator Aspect
1. Taking back up of the database.
2. Editing/Deleting/Creating the records.
3. Adding faculty, department.
4. Changing the super password.

Department Aspect
1. Logging into the system.
2. Sending result to specific student.
3. Accepting registrations of candidates.
4. Adding/editing/deleting the questions.
5. Adding the candidate to a group.
6. Creating questions.
7. Posting questions.
8. Posting multiple options to respective question.
9. Marking correct answer within the given options.
10. Time limit of the questions if any.
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11. Set marks.

Student Aspect:
1. Requesting registration.
2. Logging into the system.
3. Selecting the questions.
4. Appearing for the examination.
5. Reviewing the given responses.
6. Changing password.
7. Resetting of forgotten password

Analysis
1. Authenticating users based on username and password
2. Recording candidates responses to every question.
3. Checking whether the given response is correct or not.
4. Keeping history of mark reports of all users
5. The reports are required to be sent to the candidates.
6. Invitations/report for the appearance for the new test will be posted.

2.1.2. Hardware Interfaces


Server side hardware

Hardware recommended by all the software needed.

RAM: 256 Mb or more

Hard Drive: 10 GB or more

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Communication hardware to serve client requests

Client side hardware

Hardware recommended by respective clients operating system and web


browser.

RAM: 256 Mb or more

Communication hardware to communicate the server.

2.1.3. Software Interface


Server side software

Web server software, Apache Tomcat,wampServer

Server side scripting tools: PHP

Database tools: MYSQL DBMS.

Compatible operating system: Windows

Client side software

Web browser supporting JavaScript.

2.2. Non-functional requirement


Performance:

After completing the exam, the entire score of the student will be calculated.
The software shall support use of multiple users at a time.

Usability:

The website should be user friendly and should require least effort to operate.

Portability:

The website is made using HTML, CSS, JSP, PHP, etc. which are platform independent
and can be transported to other servers with minimum effort.

Availability:
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Students can take exam only during the previously allotted time slots, however
can open site anytime to access other information.
Colleges can register for the exam anytime.
This system must run on multiple operating systems and support windows
operating system

2.3. System models


System models are a model that consists of all models such as use cases, activity diagram, sequence
diagram, class diagram and the others. In this section we try to analyze the overall activity of the

proposed system by using use case, sequences diagrams, activity diagrams and class diagram
scenarios.

2.3.1. Use cases


A use case describes a sequence of interactions between a user and system, without specifying
the user interface. Use cases describe the system functions from the perspective of external users
and in a manner and terminology they understand.
List of use cases are:

Add department
Login
Add question
Manage student group
Student registration
Appear for test
Result generation

2.3.1.1. Use case description


Add Department

Use case name


Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

Add Department
Administrator
Adding new department to the institution.
The administrator first knows the department
code and department name.
Department is added.
Basic courses of action

1. Administrator wants to add department in to database.


2. The Administrator looks the department code and department name.
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3. The Administrator adds the department by name and code of the department.
4. Department is added.
5. The use case ends
Alternative course of action
Alternative course of action A: if the department has no code
A.2 The administrator gives it a code.
A.3 Go to step 3.

Add Question Use Case

Use case name


Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Add Question
Department
Adding questions according to the courses.
The department first knows course code.
The question is added.
Basic courses of action

Department wants to add questions into database.


The Department looks the course name and course code.
The department looks for the options.
Give the answer for the questions
The Department adds the question by name of the course and course code.
The question is added.
The use case ends

Alternative course of action


Alternative course of action A: if the course has no code.
A.2 The department gives it a code.
A.5 Go to step 5.

Login Use Case

Use case name


Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

Login
Administrator, User and Department.
Login into the system.
All authorized has the user name and password
The system accepts user name and password.
Basic courses of action

1. All authorized user wants to login into the system.


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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

User first must have username and password.


User enters their user name and password.
The system checks the user name and password.
The system accepts user name and password.
The use case ends

Alternative course of action


Alternative course of action A: if the users have no user name and password.
A.2 Users create their own new account.
A.3 Go to step 3.
Alternative course of action B: if the entered user name and password is wrong.
B.3 Try with another user name and password.
A.4 Go to step 4.

Student Registration Use Case

Use case name


Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Student Registration
Department.
Department register the students.
Students send all their own required
information.
Students are registered.
Basic courses of action

Students send all their own required information.


Department looks for the student information.
The department groups the students according to their department name.
Department fill all required student information.
Students are registered.
The use case ends.

Alternative course of action


Alternative course of action A: if the student did not send all their own required information.
A.1 the department announced them to send their own full information.
A.2 Go to step 2.

Appear for Exam Use Case

Use case name

Appear for the exam

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Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Student.
Student can appear for the exam on the time.
Student must be login by their name, IDno and
their password.
Submit the answer.
Basic courses of action

Student wants to take the exam.


Student must be login by their name, IDno and their password.
Then the students search the posted questions by questionId.
Start answering the questions.
Finish in a given time.
Submit the answer.
The use case ends.

Alternative course of action


Alternative course of action A: if the student did not finish all the given question in given time
A.6 The student should have to submit what they answered.
A.7 Go to step 7.

Result Generation Use Case

Use case name


Primary Actor(s)
Description
Precondition
Post condition

Result Generation
Department and System.
Department generates the result by calculating
the submitted answer by student
System gets submitted answers.
Result is generated.
Basic courses of action

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

System gets submitted answers.


System checks answer.
System counts correct answer
System counts wrong answer.
The system calculates the mark.
Department posts the results.
Result is generated.
The use case ends.
Alternative course of action
Alternative course of action A: if the posted result is wrong
A.2 The system checks the answer.
A.3 Go to step 3.

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2.3.1.2. Actor description


Actors are external entities that interact with the system. Actor initiates system activities for the
purpose of completing some task.
So actors in this project are as follows:

Administrator:-Super user, adds department and manages system.


Student:-User mostly a student who will appear for the examination.
Department:-Another user mostly department member, lecturer or
examiner who posts set of questions, the available options and correct
answers.
System:-is the system which checks users or administrators inputs.

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2.3.1.3. Use case diagram

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2.3.1.4. Add question Use Case

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2.3.1.5. Appear for Test Use Case

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2.3.1.6. Generate Result Use Case

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2.3.2. Class diagram

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2.3.3. Sequence diagram

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2.3.3.1. Manage question sequence diagram

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2.3.3.2. Appear for Test Sequence Diagram

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2.4. Interface
2.4.1. Forms
Login page form

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After Admin login page

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Student Registration Form

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2.4.2. Activity diagrams (Navigation)

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2.4.2.1. Answer Test Activity Diagram

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2.4.2.2. Generate Result Activity Diagram

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Chapter Three
3. System Design Documentation
3.1. Introduction
Design is the abstraction of a solution; it is the general description of the solution to a problem
without a details. Design is view pattern seen in the analysis phase to be a pattern in a design
phase. After design phase we can reduce the time required the implementation.

3.2. Purpose
As stated in the Requirements Analysis Document, the purpose of the system is to provide
system administrator, colleges, departments and students with a central location for organizing
various events. The purpose of this system provides the following reasons: No physical presence
needed for examinations, No wastage of time during evaluation, Instant availability of the
results, Starting and completion time are both recorded by the server, A series of online tests are
offered by the software for the benefit of the students. In general the system is much more
preferred due to these reasons across various organizations and the world.

3.3. Design goals


The design goals represent the desired qualities of online examination system and provide a
consistent set of criteria that must be considered when making design decisions. Based on nonfunctionality requirements the following design goals will have to achieve d in order to qualify
the system as successful:
Robustness: the system has to be robust enough to manage any valid input from the users.
Reliability:

The system has to perform the online exam operations with no errors.
The website developed should be extremely reliable and secure so that
information about any questions etc. is not leaked before the actual exam is held.

Security: the system security is one of the most important non-functional requirements.
Availability:

Students can take exam only during the previously allotted time slots, however
can open site anytime to access other information.
Colleges can register for the exam anytime.

System should be able handle multiple users

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This system must run on multiple operating systems and support windows
operating system.

3.4. Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms


Student: User mostly a student who will appear for the examination
Department: Another user mostly department member, lecturer or examiner who posts
set of questions, the available options and correct answers.
System administrator: Super user, adds department, and manages system and creating
usernames for the employees.

3.5. System design model


3.5.1. Subsystem decomposition
During the subsystem decomposition of online exam, we divide the system into smaller
subsystems with strong coherence. The different subsystems should have a loose coupling.
The decomposition shows the existence of the following subsystems:

User management subsystem


Account management subsystem
Transaction management subsystem
Storage subsystem
Database subsystem

User management subsystem


This subsystem responsible for managing different users of the system by taking care of login
information of different users. It manages the username and password of all users of the system
for security purpose.
Operations provided by this subsystem are:

Create login ()
Update login ()
Login ()

Account management subsystem


This subsystem responsible for managing user accounts. It provides function for opening an
account, updating an account and closing an account. Administrator is the only actor who
communicates with this subsystem. This subsystem uses login services of the user management
subsystem for authenticating the administrator and also uses the storage subsystem for storing
accounts information.
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The operations provided by this subsystem are:

Login ()
Change password ().
Add Department ()
Delete Department ()
Edit Department ()
Create account ()
Update account ()
Create/delete/update courses (subject) ().
Close account ()

Transaction management subsystem


This subsystem is responsible for managing the transactions. This provides all functions for
managing variety of transactions like exam details, questions, answers, manage student group,
result generations and any other things. Actors of this subsystem are department.
Operations performed by this subsystem are:

Create questions ()
Edit questions ()
Delete questions ()
Generate result ()
Set time ()
Change password ()
Update mark of questions and answers ()

The operations performed by the students in this subsystem are:

Choose Exam ()
Review answers ()
See his/her Exam mark ()
View other materials ()
Change password ()

The database subsystem will be implemented by relational database management system used
to store the persistent data.
The storage subsystem will encapsulate the database providing a common interface to other
three high level subsystems. It is responsible for getting system-related data from different
subsystems and issuing DBMS-specific calls for information storage and retrieval.

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Figure subsystem decomposition with classes

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Further decomposition of some of the subsystems

3.5.2. Hardware/Software Mapping


Online exam system will be a web-based for online users. The system will run over the windows
operating system. The web server will run over wampServer and the programming languages
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used for developing this system are: HTML, CSS, JS and PHP. We have selected MYSQL as the
database management system.
The online examination system consists of three independent components: Web browser, online
System Server and database server.
The following UML deployment diagram illustrates the hardware/software mapping for online
examination system.

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Figure hardware/software mapping

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3.5.3. Persistent Data Management


Persistent data management describes the persistent data stored by the system and the data
management infrastructure required for it. The system will use the MySQL database engine for
storing data. This will allow the database to be easily integrated with and accessed by the rest of
the system. The database will retain user information (IdNo, name, email address, etc.), event
postings, advertisements, and configuration data such as authorized administrator and
department. Each of these items will be a separate table. An individual could not have more than
one user account.
I. Student information table
Field Name

Data Type

Limits

Format

Description

Id No

varchar

3-20 characters

Letters and
numbers

The students
Id No

name

String

5-50 characters

Letters, -,and
Spaces

The users
name

Email

String

5-30 characters

Alphanumeric
+ @ +
Alphanumeric

The users
email address

password

String

3-50 characters

Any character

The users
password

II. Question information table


Field Name

Data Type

Limits

Format

Description

Course code

String

1-20 characters

Letters and
numbers

course code for


the questions

Course name

String

5-50 characters

Letters, -,and
Spaces

course name for


the questions

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Questions

varchar

1-10000..
characters

Any character
and numbers

Questions
which needs
answers.

Options

String

1-1000..
characters

Any character
and numbers

Questions
option

III. Student score information table


Field Name

Data Type

Limits

Format

Description

Student name

String

1-20 characters

Letters

Name of the
student.

Test taken on

String

5-50 characters

Letters, -,and
Spaces

Time taken for


exam.

Score

integer

1-100 number

numbers

Student score.

3.5.4. Access control


The access control for the online examination system is implemented through the capabilities
list. This representation comes up to be compact and efficient for the system. The capability
associates a (class, operation) pair with an actor. A capability allows an actor access to an object
of the class
1. Admin Capability List
Class
Function select menu
Account
Subject form
Student information form

Operation
Manageaccount(),updateLogin(),Login()
createAccount(),updateAccount()
deleteAccount(),closeAccount()
addCourse()
updateCourse(),deleteCourse(), submit()
addStudent()
updateStudent(),deleteStudent(), submit()

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2. Department Capability List
Class
Select menu
Exam details form

Question form

Operation
Create()
addExam(()
editExam()
deleteExam()
submit()
addQuestions()
editQuestion()
deleteQuestion()
uploadQuestion()
Submit()

3. Student Capability List


Class
Select menu
Student registration form
Send comment
Appear on Exam
See their marks

Operation
Create()
student Registered(()
submit()
Comment()
Submit()
Answer()
Submit()
Show()

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3. 6.Detailed Design
3.6.1. Object design model
Performance criteria

Response time. Refers to the time delay the user wait for accessing the page. It is mainly
depend on the connection type of our internet.

Throughput. Refers to the number of tasks/operations that can be done at a time.

Memory: This is the required memory size, so as to run the application properly. The
proposed system will need minimum of 512MB of Memory for client machines and 1 GB
for server. And internet connection is the first step of processing. Offline users dont have
the opportunity to use the site.

This software product is designed to platform independent software in order to run meeting the
following hardware specifications.

2 GHz processor speed


256 MB RAM
50 GB hard disk

The product requires also the use of a PC equipped with a mouth and standard keyboard. A
monitor with not less than 800x600 resolutions and with 256 color capability.
This software should be installed on a Window XP operating system meeting the following
software specification.

The product should run on Window XP, Window 2007.


MYSQL database
PHP

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Dependability criteria

Availability. It refers to the degree to which the system is found doing normal task. The
system works as long as connection is available.

Robustness. Ability to survive when users enter invalid input. It refers to the extent to
which the system works with invalid input. The system doesnt fail/ crash when the users
enter an invalid input. For instance the users enter the username and password to login
into the system until three times unless the system exits and the user enter an input in
each form the system check the appropriate type and give the type of error the user
commit as an alert message .

Usability. The usage of the system must be sensitive. The graphical user interface is
designed in way that simple usage with good look and feel.

Security. The system is used only by the authorized users.


Authentication-checks identity of the users
Authorization-restricts the user to work on parts of the system pertinent to their
allowed role.
Encryption-hides the real content of the text.

End user criteria

Usability: Easy adaptive for users after a short demonstration about the operation of the
user interface.

Utility: The system can support some additional information.

Maintenance criteria

Readability: It is simple to recognize what the system will perform by reading the source
code written using the specified web scripts. The use of appropriate comments,
descriptive variable naming and indentation will help this purpose.

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3.6.2. Database Design


The overall objective in the development of database technology has been to treat data as an
organizational resource and has integrated whole. Database management system allows data to
be protected and organized separately from other resources.
The list of tables:
1. Student Table
2. Test table
3. TestQuestionsTable
4. StudentResponse Table
5. TestSession Table
6. Dapartment Table
7. Course Table
Table: Student
Purpose: To store Student.
Field Name

Data Type

Constraints/Description

StudentID

Unsigned Integer

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

studentName

Varchar2

loginID

Varchar2

password

Varchar2

Table: Questions
Purpose: To store Questions.
Field Name

Data Type

Description

ID

Unsigned Integer

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

TestID

Number

Foreign:Test.ID

question

Varchar2

option1

Varchar2

atleast two choices are required, hence


this field is required

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option2

Varchar2

option3

Varchar2

option4

Varchar2

answer

Unsigned Integer

userAnswer

Varchar2

atleast two choices are required, hence


this field is required

Table :User
Purpose : To store candidates appear for the exam
Field Name

Data Type

Description

UserID

Unsigned Integer

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

UserName

Varchar2

Name of the user

Password

varchar

User password

ExamCode

varchar

Exam course code

Table:Exam info
Purpose: To store exam details
Field Name

Data Type

Description

ExamCode

varchar

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

ExamName

varchar

Exam name

Date

varchar

Date for the exam

Hours

Small int

Duration in hours

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minute

Small int

Duration in minutes

No_question

int

Number of questions

Table: TestSession
Purpose: To store at which time the exam is taken.
Field Name

Data Type

Description

ID

Unsigned Integer

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

testID

Unsigned Integer

Foreign:Test.ID

studentID

Unsigned Integer

Foreign:Student.ID

testTakenOn

Date/Time

field required

Table: Department
Purpose: To store department details.
Field Name

Data Type

Description

DepCode

Unsigned Integer

Primary Key, AutoIncrement

facultyName

Varchar2

Department name

Varchar2

References

Software requirement specification from internet.

Software Requirement Specifications, Online Examination System.

Haramaya University Department of Computer Science Final Year Documentation

Page 41

Online Examination System For Distance Learners

http:// www.scribd.com/doc/33852099/on-line-examiniation-system-project-report.

http://www.ehow.com/facts_5156877_preface-book.html.

Haramaya University Department of Computer Science Final Year Documentation

Page 42

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