July 2008

Examiners Report
NEBOSH National
Diploma in
Occupational Health
and Safety - Unit B

Examiners Report
NEBOSH LEVEL 6 DIPLOMA IN
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Unit B: Hazardous agents in the workplace
JULY 2008

CONTENTS

Introduction

General Comments

Comments on individual questions

2008 NEBOSH, Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW
tel: 0116 263 4700

fax: 0116 282 4000

email: info@nebosh.org.uk

website: www.nebosh.org.uk

The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health is a registered charity, number 1010444
T(s):exrpts/D/D-B0708

DW/DA/REW

Introduction

NEBOSH (The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health) was formed in 1979 as
an independent examining board and awarding body with charitable status. We offer a comprehensive
range of globally-recognised, vocationally-related qualifications designed to meet the health, safety,
environmental and risk management needs of all places of work in both the private and public sectors.
Courses leading to NEBOSH qualifications attract over 25,000 candidates annually and are offered by
over 400 course providers in 65 countries around the world. Our qualifications are recognised by the
relevant professional membership bodies including the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health
(IOSH) and the International Institute of Risk and Safety Management (IIRSM).
NEBOSH is an awarding body to be recognised and regulated by the UK regulatory authorities:

The Office of the Qualifications and Examinations Regulator (Ofqual) in England

The Department for Children, Education, Lifelong Learning and Skills (DCELLS) in Wales
The Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA) in Northern Ireland

NEBOSH follows the GCSE, GCE, VCE, GNVQ and AEA Code of Practice 2007/8 published by the
regulatory authorities in relation to examination setting and marking (available at the Ofqual website
www.ofqual.gov.uk). While not obliged to adhere to this code, NEBOSH regards it as best practice to
do so.
Candidates scripts are marked by a team of Examiners appointed by NEBOSH on the basis of their
qualifications and experience. The standard of the qualification is determined by NEBOSH, which is
overseen by the NEBOSH Council comprising nominees from, amongst others, the Health and Safety
Executive (HSE), the Department for Education and Skills (Df ES), the Confederation of British
Industry (CBI), the Trades Union Congress (TUC) and the Institution of Occupational Safety and
Health (IOSH). Representatives of course providers, from both the public and private sectors, are
elected to the NEBOSH Council.
This report on the Examination provides information on the performance of candidates which it is
hoped will be useful to candidates and tutors in preparation for future examinations. It is intended to
be constructive and informative and to promote better understanding of the syllabus content and the
application of assessment criteria.
NEBOSH 2008

Any enquiries about this report publication should be addressed to:

NEBOSH
Dominus Way
Meridian Business Park
Leicester
LE10 1QW
Tel:
0116 263 4700
Fax:
0116 282 4000
Email: info@nebosh.org.uk

General comments

Many candidates are well prepared for this unit assessment and provide comprehensive and relevant
answers in response to the demands of the question paper. This includes the ability to demonstrate
understanding of knowledge by applying it to workplace situations.
There are always some candidates, however, who appear to be unprepared for the unit assessment
and who show both a lack of knowledge of the syllabus content and a lack of understanding of how
key concepts should be applied to workplace situations.
In order to meet the pass standard for this assessment, acquisition of knowledge and understanding
across the syllabus are prerequisites. However, candidates need to demonstrate their knowledge and
understanding in answering the questions set. Referral of candidates in this unit is invariably because
they are unable to write a full, well-informed answer to the question asked.
Some candidates find it difficult to relate their learning to the questions and as a result offer responses
reliant on recalled knowledge and conjecture and fail to demonstrate any degree of understanding.
Candidates should prepare themselves for this vocational examination by ensuring their
understanding, not rote-learning pre-prepared answers.
Recurrent Problems
It is recognised that many candidates are well prepared for their assessments. However, recurrent
issues, as outlined below, continue to prevent some candidates reaching their full potential in the
assessment.

Many candidates fail to apply the basic principles of examination technique and for some
candidates this means the difference between a pass and a referral.

In some instances, candidates are failing because they do not attempt all the required
questions or are failing to provide complete answers. Candidates are advised to always
attempt an answer to a compulsory question, even when the mind goes blank. Applying basic
health and safety management principles can generate credit worthy points.

Some candidates fail to answer the question set and instead provide information that may be
relevant to the topic but is irrelevant to the question and cannot therefore be awarded marks.

Many candidates fail to apply the command words (also known as action verbs, eg describe,
outline, etc). Command words are the instructions that guide the candidate on the depth of
answer required. If, for instance, a question asks the candidate to describe something, then
few marks will be awarded to an answer that is an outline.

Some candidates fail to separate their answers into the different sub-sections of the questions.
These candidates could gain marks for the different sections if they clearly indicated which
part of the question they were answering (by using the numbering from the question in their
answer, for example). Structuring their answers to address the different parts of the question
can also help in logically drawing out the points to be made in response.

Candidates need to plan their time effectively. Some candidates fail to make good use of their
time and give excessive detail in some answers leaving insufficient time to address all of the
questions.

Candidates should also be aware that Examiners cannot award marks if handwriting is
illegible.

UNIT B Hazardous agents in the workplace

Section A all questions compulsory

Question 1

(a)

(b)

Outline the four stages in occupational health and hygiene

practice.

(4)

An organisation is concerned about the level of absence arising

from work related injuries and ill-health. Suggest practical ways
in which the organisations occupational health department could
assist in the management of this problem.

(6)

The first stage in occupational health and hygiene practice is recognising and
identifying hazards that can cause harm in the workplace. This would be followed by
taking measurements to determine who might be affected and to what extent. Once
the measurements have been completed, an evaluation of the level of risk posed by
the identified hazards will have to be carried out and this will point to the need to
introduce control measures to eliminate or minimise the risk. Answers to the first part
of this question were disappointing and most candidates seemed unfamiliar with the
four stages in occupational health and hygiene practice.
There are a number of practical ways in which the organisations occupational health
department might assist in managing the problem described such as: using preemployment screening to identify potential employees who would be at a greater risk
of suffering ill-health resulting in absence; carrying out regular health surveillance of
existing employees engaged in activities with known health hazards; collecting data
on sickness absence and analysing it to identify trends in or reasons for absence;
liaising with general practitioners and providing rapid access to treatments such as
physiotherapy and counselling which will aid return to work; assisting managers to
arrange phased return to work in certain circumstances and providing practical advice
on adaptations to work practice to minimise risk of repeat injury; taking an active part
in carrying out risk assessments at the workplace and encouraging and advising
employees on healthy life styles such as smoking cessation and the importance of
nutrition and exercise. Whilst there was an improvement in the standard of answer
provided for part (b), some candidates described the general duties of the
occupational health department rather than suggest what the department could do to
help with the particular problem given.

Question 2

Bulldozer drivers at a large construction site have reported incidences of

back pain which they believe are caused by exposure to whole body
vibration.
(a)

(b)

Outline a range of control measures that could be used to

minimise the risk of the drivers experiencing back pain caused by
exposure to whole body vibration.

(7)

Suggest THREE other possible work-related causes of the back

pain being experienced by these bulldozer drivers.

(3)

Control measures that could be used to minimise the risk to bulldozer drivers from
exposure to whole body vibration include selecting a vehicle with the size, power and
capacity best suited for the terrain and task; ensuring that an individuals exposure to
whole body vibration is kept below the exposure limit value and preferably the
exposure action value; fitting suspension seats with vibration damping characteristics
and adjusting these to suit the weight of individual drivers to avoid bottoming out;
organising work patterns including job rotation to ensure that drivers have breaks
away from the vehicle and advising them on how to minimise exposure to whole body
vibration by avoiding jolts and shocks. Many candidates did not discuss vibration
attenuation in relation to tracked vehicles. There seemed to be confusion between
whole body and hand/arm vibration and few made reference to the Control of
Vibration at Work Regulations and particularly to the exposure limit and action values.
In answering part (b), candidates could have suggested other possible work related
causes for the back pain such as: poor posture; sitting for long periods of time; the
poor layout of controls requiring the driver to stretch and twist to reach a particular
control or to obtain good vision; no method provided for adjusting the seat which could
make hand and foot controls difficult to operate; the repeated climbing into and
jumping down from a high cab and carrying out other construction related activities
such as the manual handling of heavy loads. There were a variety of other possible
work related causes of the back pain suggested though it was difficult at times to
relate them to the scenario in the question.

Question 3

(a)

(b)

Identify a range of information sources an employer could use to

determine the extent of employee work-related stress within an
organisation.

(7)

Outline the decision in the Walker v Northumberland County

Council (1995) case and its relevance to work-related stress.

(3)

There are a number of information sources available in-house that employers might
use to determine the extent to which their organisations have a work related stress
problem. These include data on accidents and levels of sickness absence; health
surveillance data; records of staff turnover and poor or erratic timekeeping; the
number of complaints received from employees and the grievances or discipline
problems that have arisen; information available from the completion of staff
questionnaires or from performance appraisals or return to work or exit interviews and
the results of an assessment of performance carried out against HSEs management
standards. Answers were generally to a reasonable standard though a few candidates
identified possible causes of stress and not information sources as required.

Answers to part (b) were poor. There were few who knew of the case and those that
did described its circumstances without outlining the significance of the decision.
Walker was employed as a social worker dealing with cases of child abuse. His
workload increased steadily and in 1986 he had a nervous breakdown. When he
recovered and returned to work he was promised additional resources to help him
with his workload but they did not materialise. He had a second breakdown and had
to retire. He sued Northumberland County Council claiming they were in breach of
their duty of care to provide a safe working environment. It was held the Council were
not liable for the first breakdown since they could not reasonably have foreseen that
Walker was exposed to a significant risk of mental illness because of his job. They
were, however, liable for the second period of absence as it was foreseeable and they
had taken no steps to reduce the risk of stress by reducing his workload. The case
highlighted the obligation on employers to manage occupational stress and to take
action where this was reasonably foreseeable.

Question 4

(a)

(b)

Outline what is meant by the term biological monitoring AND

indicate circumstances in which such monitoring may be
appropriate.

(6)

Outline the practical difficulties that an employer must take into

account when introducing a programme of biological monitoring.

(4)

The first part of this question was not well answered and it became obvious that many
candidates did not understand the principles of biological monitoring. Some confused
biological monitoring with biological agents and wrote about the latter while others
described personal sampling techniques which was not what the question required.
Answers should have stated that biological monitoring is concerned with the
measurement or assessment of hazardous substances or their metabolites in tissues,
secretions, excreta or expired air. It is a complementary technique to air monitoring or
sampling and can be used to determine if existing controls are adequate; when
information is required on the accumulated dose in a target organ; when there is a
specified guidance value against which a comparison might be made (such as in EH
40); when there is significant absorption by non-respiratory routes and in
circumstances when there is significant reliance on personal protective equipment.
There was an improvement in the answers to part (b), with candidates identifying that,
apart from the monitoring required by statute, biological monitoring would normally be
conducted on a voluntary basis. Consequently the informed consent of those involved
would have to be obtained and their concerns overcome. Other difficulties include the
availability of suitable facilities or a location to carry out the monitoring especially if
this has to be done at the end of the shift; the availability of specialists to carry out the
monitoring, for example, if blood samples are to be taken; maintaining the integrity of
samples to avoid cross contamination and ensuring there was no possibility of cross
infection; the fact that there are few guidance values available for comparison; that
exposure may be non-occupational and finally the cost involved in carrying out the
exercise.

Question 5

Personal dust monitoring has been carried out on five employees, all of
whom work in the same factory area where dust is released. The five
employees were sampled at the same time and for equal duration. Four
of the results are roughly equivalent but the fifth is significantly higher.
Outline the possible reasons for this apparent discrepancy.

(10)

In outlining the reasons for the apparent discrepancy, candidates could have
considered those associated with the working environment and the tasks being
performed; those resulting from possible failures with the monitoring equipment and
those connected with the individual employee.
In considering the working environment, there could have been areas in the workplace
which were not as well ventilated as others with possible problems with the local
exhaust ventilation provided. As for the monitoring equipment for the individual
concerned, there could have been errors in the calibration of the pump flow, in the
timing of the air measurement, in the selection of the filter and in weighing the filter at
the end of the exercise either because of a mis-reading or because different and
possibly uncalibrated scales were used for the rogue sample. The individual, too,
could have had a part to play if they had been particularly involved in the more dusty
operations, had taken fewer or shorter breaks than the other operators and had not
taken sufficient care with personal hygiene and had continued to wear dusty overalls
for long periods. Finally the possibility of deliberate sabotage could not be discounted.
Whilst there were some good answers provided for the question, it appeared that
many candidates had little technical understanding of the methods and equipment
used in the collection of personal dust samples.

Question 6

(a)

(b)

Outline the following toxicological terms:

(i)

LD50;

(2)

(ii)

LC50.

(2)

Outline the advantages and disadvantages of using animal

studies to investigate whether a substance used at work may be
carcinogenic to humans.

(6)

For part (a), to gain the two marks available in each case, candidates were expected
to explain that LD50 relates to a single oral dose that is ingested and kills 50 per cent of
a test population. Since it is an oral dose, LD50 is measured in terms of milligrams (or
grams) per kilogram body weight. LC50, on the other hand, is an inhaled concentration
sufficient to kill 50 per cent of a test population in a fixed period of time and is
measured in milligrams (or grams) per cubic metre of air. There seemed to be no real
understanding of the terms and many candidates struggled to give the outline that was
required.
There was, however, a significant improvement in the quality of the responses
provided for the second part of the question with candidates suggesting that the
advantages of using animal studies include the fact that these methods avoid human
exposure and hence possible human deaths and that the data can be collected more
quickly and arguably more ethically than using epidemiological methods. Animals
provide the best available models as they relate more closely to humans and they are
more likely to detect carcinogenic potential than in vitro testing such as Ames tests.

When considering the disadvantages, candidates could have outlined that the
dose/response effect may vary in different animal species and so extrapolating data to
humans may not always be reliable. Additionally, conducting animal studies can be
time-consuming and expensive and there are often ethical considerations and public
opinion that can make this approach more difficult to undertake. There is also the
consideration that animals being treated for exposure to a particular substance may
not help to identify synergistic effects that could arise in humans exposed to other
substances at the same time. There are also difficulties with the no observed effect
level for carcinogens.

Section B three from five questions to be attempted

Question 7

A parcel sorting depot is experiencing a high number of manual handling

related injuries. The employees handle a large number of different
parcels and packages each day.
(a)

(b)

(c)

Identify the different types of hazard that may be inherent in the

loads being handled.

(6)

In order to reduce the level of manual handling required, the

employer has decided to invest in a range of non-powered
handling devices, (trolleys, trucks etc). Describe the steps that
should be taken when selecting such devices and introducing
their use.

(10)

Outline a range of additional control measures that could be

introduced to minimise the risks associated with manual
handling.

(4)

For part (a), the different types of hazard that candidates could have identified
included: weight of load and the fact that the weights would be unknown; parcels may
be difficult to grasp, as they are likely to be smooth with no handholds with unstable
contents which are likely to move or with the centre of gravity not in the centre of the
parcel; awkward shapes would be common or parcels that are too large for the
handler to see over; sharp edges or corners and the possibility that the contents might
spill out, some of which could be hazardous.
Candidates who provided better answers for part (b) split them into two sections
dealing first with the selection of the devices and then with their introduction. The
selection of the handling devices requires consultation with the employees both in the
selection and the trials; seeking advice from suppliers on suitability; requesting
equipment on a trial basis to check whether it solves the problem without creating new
ones; observing the equipment in use at other organisations; considering the
requirements for maintenance; ensuring the proposed use will be within the safe
working load of the device; ensuring there is sufficient room to manoeuvre; ensuring
the suitability of the device in the light of the stability and surface of the terrain on
which it was to be used; checking that braking controls were adequate and that the
handle height was adjustable between waist and shoulder; and that the design of the
equipment was such as to prevent parcels from falling off. As far as introducing the
use of the devices, this would require consideration of operator training, storage when
not in use, maintenance arrangements and a procedure for reporting defects; and
ensuring there are a sufficient number of devices available which are readily
accessible.

For part (c), additional control measures that candidates might have considered were;
changing the workplace layout to reduce carrying distances, twisting and stooping and
avoiding lifting from floor level or above shoulder height; varying the work and its
duration and pace; marking up loads with information such as the weight and the
heavy end; introducing mechanical assistance such as conveyors or fork lift trucks;
using team lifting where appropriate and providing training in manual handling.
This was a very popular question, and good answers were provided for the first two
parts. Those who did not do so well wrote at length about task, individual, load and
environment which was hardly relevant whilst others found difficulty in differentiating
between the steps to be taken first in the selection of the devices and then in their
introduction.

Question 8

(a)

(b)

Describe the possible health effects from exposure to ionising

radiation.
Outline the control measures that should be in place where
persons may be exposed to ionising radiation at work.

(5)

(15)

Part (a) produced some reasonable answers with many candidates able to describe
that the possible health effects from exposure to ionising radiation will depend on the
type of radiation and the frequency and duration of exposure and will include nausea,
vomiting, dermatitis, burns either superficially to the skin or more penetrating burns
causing cell damage, cataracts, temporary or permanent infertility, decreased
immunity and cancer induction.
Control measures that should be in place where persons may be exposed to ionising
radiation at work include limiting the time of exposure with the exclusion of particularly
vulnerable groups such as young persons and pregnant women; the use of sealed
sources whenever possible; increasing the distance between the radiation source and
those at risk to reduce the level of exposure; using shielding between the radiation
source and those likely to be exposed with the amount of shielding required
dependent on the energy of the source; prohibiting eating and drinking in areas in
unsealed radioactive areas together with the need for a high standard of personal
hygiene to prevent spread and the covering of all breaks in the skin with protective
material; the provision, use and laundering of personal protective equipment such as
gloves, lab coats and over shoes; the availability of competent advice from a
Radiation Protection Adviser or Supervisor and the provision of training and
information to employees on the health risks involved and the control measures to be
applied; personal monitoring by means of film badges; regular monitoring of the work
area for example by means of a Geiger counter and ensuring the safe disposal of all
contaminated materials. There were few candidates who were able to outline the
above control measures. Examiners commented on the lack of detail provided in
answers which quite often were little better than those provided at Certificate level.

Question 9

A company that operates hotels and health spas is looking to minimise

the risks associated with the legionella bacteria.
(a)

(b)

In this scenario identify specific sources of potential exposure to

legionella for BOTH employees and guests.
Describe the control measures that this company should
implement to minimise people being exposed to legionella
bacteria.

(5)

(15)

This was a popular question but was not well answered with many candidates
appearing to lack a thorough understanding both of the risks associated with the
legionella bacteria and the control measures that should be implemented.
In answering part (a), candidates could have chosen from a list which includes; water
storage and transfer systems (including showers and taps) where the temperature is
between 20 and 45 degrees; spa baths, saunas, steam rooms and pools; water
features such as fountains and cascades; fire and lawn sprinkler systems; laundry
rooms; pipe work where dead legs exist and stagnation may occur and wet or
condenser air conditioning equipment.
In answers to part (b), measures which should have been described (and which are
explained in ACOP L8) included identification of a competent person for overseeing
Legionella control; regular disinfection of hot water systems with biocides; annual
cleaning and disinfection of calorifiers; inspection and cleaning of water storage tanks;
avoiding dead legs in transfer pipe work; maintaining hot water storage temperatures
at temperatures greater than 60 degrees C and cold water below 20 degrees C;
keeping shower heads and taps clean and free from scale and running showers and
taps for several minutes each week in unoccupied rooms; running showers and taps
immediately prior to occupation of a room; treating spa pools continuously with
chlorine or biocides and cleaning them on a regular basis; avoiding the use in systems
of susceptible materials such as wood or rubber; training all relevant employees in risk
factors and controls; minimising biofilm formation, for example by covering water tanks
and the use of chemicals, and introducing regular monitoring procedures and record
keeping.

Question 10

(a)

(b)

Suggest what information an employer could use when

investigating whether carcinogens or mutagens are used in their
workplace.

(4)

Describe the control measures that should be adopted when,

because of the nature of the work, it is not possible to eliminate a
carcinogen or substitute it with an alternative substance.

(16)

Good answers provided for part (a) suggested that information could be found on
labels and MSDSs for substances used in the workplace and in particular the relevant
R phrases. The Approved Supply List could be used to check if the substance was
listed in the category of danger, carcinogenic (category 1 or 2) or in schedule 1 of
COSHH as could also the application of the criteria in CHIP in a self classifying
approach which would be particularly relevant if a new substance was involved. Other
useful technical reference sources include EH40, scientific papers and information
from trade associations. The impression was gained that many candidates lacked any
specific knowledge of carcinogens and mutagens.

10

This was reinforced in answers to part (b) where candidates tended to offer the
general control measures contained in COSHH rather than the specific measures
contained in the ACOP on carcinogens. These would include reducing exposure to a
level as low as reasonably practicable by minimising quantities used and/or changing
the physical form; use of a totally enclosed system or automation of the process to
physically separate workers from the process and, where this is not possible, the use
of a partial enclosure in the workplace or appropriate local exhaust ventilation. It would
also be necessary to provide appropriate storage including the use of closed/sealed
containers and recognition that it may be better to store one large quantity in a
controlled manner than to deal with frequent supplies of smaller amounts. Materials
would have to be correctly labelled and the areas of use restricted with identifying
signs to indicate their boundaries. Any waste carcinogenic products should be labelled
and stored in a secure area pending removal by a specialist contractor. The numbers
working in the restricted areas should be minimised and non-essential personnel
excluded. Precautions should also be taken against contamination including
prohibiting eating, drinking and applying cosmetics in contaminated areas; providing
appropriate warning signs to demark these areas; and providing adequate washing
facilities.
Monitoring of levels of exposure should be carried out on a regular basis to ensure the
adequacy of the control measures in place with the recognition that the use of
personal protective equipment can only be used as a secondary control in
combination with other controls.

Question 11

(a)

(b)

(c)

Outline the meaning of the phrase adequate control as used in

the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations
(COSHH), so far as it relates to exposure by inhalation.

(4)

Describe the approach that is followed when setting a workplace

exposure limit (WEL) for a hazardous substance used in the
workplace.

(8)

The data below for three different products is taken from a

suppliers catalogue. Using the data outline the likely extent and
effects of exposure when handling EACH of these products.

(8)

Product
Code
C1
C2
C3

Chemical name/formula

Concentration

Physical Form

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

99.9%
97%
50% in water

Pellets
Powder
Liquid

For part (a),under the COSHH Regulations, control will be treated as adequate when
the principles of good practice as set out in schedule 2A are applied; (for example the
use of plant and equipment designed to minimise release; all possible routes of
exposure considered; control measures provided which are proportionate to the risk
and are regularly reviewed and employees are given information, instruction and
training on the risks involved and the control measures to be followed) a workplace
exposure limit (WEL) approved for the substance in use is not exceeded; exposure is
reduced to a level as low as is reasonably practicable if a carcinogen, mutagen or
asthmagen is involved; and in cases where there is no approved WEL, the setting of
an in-house standard.

11

For part (b), candidates were expected to describe that WELs are set on the
recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Toxic Substances (ACTS) following on
assessment undertaken by the Working Group on the Assessment of Toxic Chemicals
(WATCH) of toxicological, epidemiological and other data. If a no observed adverse
effect level (NOAEL) is found, this is used as the starting point in setting a WEL. If
actual levels of exposure achievable in a workplace setting are below NOAEL, then
the WEL is set at this lower level. In the absence of NOAEL, the WEL is set at a level
that represents good occupational hygiene practice determined by the likely severity
of the health hazard and the cost and effectiveness of controls. Wherever possible,
the WEL is not set at a level where there is positive evidence of adverse effects on
human health.
In answering part (c), candidates should have noted that the same chemical is
involved in all three products and that the actual effect produced will be the same
once they have entered or come in contact with the body. Sodium hydroxide is a
corrosive chemical and has the potential to cause burns. The concentration of NaOH
in the products varies and thus so will the extent of the burns they might cause more
concentrated C1 should in theory be more corrosive than C3 when it makes contact
with the body. The likelihood of exposure, however, will vary due to the different
physical form of the products. Since C1 is in pellet form, it has least opportunity for
exposure through inhalation or by contact with the eyes. C2, in powder form, is likely
to become airborne during handling giving an increased opportunity for inhalation and
contact with the eyes. C3 is in liquid form and though it has the lowest concentration
of NaOH, will be likely to splash into the face and eyes and create a greater hazard to
the body.
This last question was most unpopular, and those who did attempt it, generally gained
a few marks for part (c) only, having shown little knowledge of the meaning of the
phrase adequate control or of the procedures for setting WELs.

12

The National Examination

Board in Occupational
Safety and Health
Dominus Way
Meridian Business Park
Leicester LE19 1QW
telephone +44 (0)116 2634700
fax +44 (0)116 2824000
email info@nebosh.org.uk
www.nebosh.org.uk