Experiment 5

Aim: To analyze the given salt and identify the anion and cation present in it.

S.NO EXPERIMENT

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

green

May be nickel.

Crystalline

Absence of carbonate

Soluble

Absence ofCarbonate

No characteristic
smell.

Absence of ammonium
and acetate salts.

No characteristic
reaction

Absence of Carbonate,
sulphite, nitrite and
sulphide.

No characteristic
reaction

Absence of chloride,
bromide, nitrate, acetate

Preliminary Test
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

COLOUR
The Colour of given
salt is noted.
APPEARANCE
The appearance of the
given salt is noted
SOLUBILITY IN
WATER
A little of the given salt
is dissolved in distilled
water in a test tube
ODOUR
ANION ANALYSIS
ACTION OF
DIL.SULPHURIC ACID
To a little of the substance
taken in a test tube a few
drops of dil. Sulphuric
acid
is added .
ACTION OF
CONC.SULPHURIC
ACID
To a little of the substance
taken in a test tube a few
drops of conc. Sulphuric
acid

7.

8.

9.

10

11

12

13

is added and warmed.

To the salt solution add dil
HCl and barium chloride
solution..

White ppt
insoluble in conc
HCl and Conc
HNO3.
To the salt solution add
White ppt
acetic acid and lead acetate insoluble in dil
solution
HCl and soluble
in ammonium
acetate.
CATION ANALYSIS
Original solution s
prepared by dissolving the
salt in water
ZEROGROUP
(AMMONIUM)
No characteristic
To a little of the salt
reaction
sodium hydroxide solution
is added
and heated
I GROUP (LEAD)
To a little of the original
No characteristic
solution dil. HCI is added. reaction
II GROUP (COPPER)
To a little of the original
No characteristic
solution dil. HCI and
reaction
Hydrogen sulphide are
added.
III GROUP
(ALUMINIUM, IRON)
To a little of the original
No characteristic
solution ammonium
reaction
chloride and ammonium
hydroxide are added.
IV GROUP (ZINC,
MANGANESE,

Presence of sulphate is
confirmed.
SO42Presence of
sulphate is confirmed
SO42-

Absence of group zero

(ammonium).
NH4+

Absence of I group
Pb2+
Absence of II group
Cu2+

Absence of III group

Al3+, Fe3+

NICKEL, COBALT)
To a little of the original
solution ammonium
chloride, ammonium
hydroxide and
hydrogen sulphide solution
are added
To the original solution
add NaOH
To the original solution
add ammonium hydroxide
and dimethyl glyoxime

14
15

Black ppt. is
obtained.

Presence of IV group
Zn2+,Mn2+,Co2+,Ni2+

Greenish ppt is
obtained.
Red ppt

Presence of nickel is
confirmed. Ni2+
Presence of nickel is
confirmed. Ni2+

Result: The anion present in the given salt is sulphate (SO42--) and cation is Nickel
(Ni2+.)
The salt is nickel sulphate(NiSO4).
(Please note below equations for cations and anion to be written on the blank
page of the journal with pencil.)
Equations:
Ni2+
1
.
2
.

Ni2+ + H2S

Ni2+ + 2NaOH

NiS

+ 2H+

Ni(OH)2

+ 2Na+

(green)

3
.

Ni2+ + 2NH4OH +
2NH4+ + 2H2O

+
Nickel dimethyl

glyoxime
SO42-1
.
2
.

SO42-- + BaCl2
SO42-- + Pb(CH3COO)2

BaSO4

PbSO4

+ 2Cl-+ CH3COO--