Assignment

Economic Environment

Q-1) what is Ecology?

A-1) Ecology is the study of environmental systems, or as it is sometimes called, the economy of
nature. "Environmental" usually means relating to the natural, versus human-made world; the
"systems" means that ecology is, by its very nature, not interested in just the components of
nature individually but especially in how the parts interact.
The subject matter of ecology is normally divided onto four broad categories:

physiological ecology - having to do with the response of single species to environmental

conditions such as temperature or light;

population ecology- usually focusing on the abundance and distribution of individual

species and the factors that cause such distribution

community ecology- having to do with the number of species found at given location

and their interactions

Ecosystem ecology, having to do with the structure and function of the entire suite of
microbes, plants, and animals, and their abiotic environment, and how the parts interact
to generate the whole.

Q-2) what is Biodiversity?

A-2) Biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources
including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological
complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of
ecosystems.
The concept of biodiversity continues to evolve and more recently it has been included in the
idea of ecosystem services in that it is a form of natural capital and thus underpins the

functioning of ecosystems. Biodiversity itself is not generally considered an ecosystem service

but rather supports environmental functions.

Q-3) what is the scope of Environmental studies?

A-3) Environmental studies are the scientific study of the environmental system and the status of
its inherent or induced changes on organisms. It includes not only the study of physical and
biological characters of the environment but also the social and cultural factors and the impact of
man on environment.
Scope of Environmental Studies:
The disciplines included in environmental education are environmental sciences, environmental
engineering and environmental management.
(a) Environmental Science:
It deals with the scientific study of environmental system (air, water, soil and land), the inherent
or induced changes on organisms and the environmental damages incurred as a result of human
interaction with the environment.
(b) Environmental Engineering:
It deals with the study of technical processes involved in the protection of environment from the
potentially deleterious effects of human activity and improving the environmental quality for the
health and well beings of humans.
(c) Environmental Management:
It promotes due regard for physical, social and economic environment of the enterprise or
projects. It encourages planned investment at the start of the production chain rather than forced
investment in cleaning up at the end.

It generally covers the areas as environment and enterprise objectives, scope, and structure of the
environment, interaction of nature, society and the enterprise, environment impact assessment,
economics of pollution, prevention, environmental management standards etc.

Q-4) Why there is need to study environmental studies?

A-4) The importance of environmental studies are as follows:

1. To clarify modern environmental concept like how to conserve biodiversity.
2. To know the more sustainable way of living.
3. To use natural resources more efficiently.
4. To know the behavior of organism under natural conditions.
5. To know the interrelationship between organisms in populations and communities.
6. To aware and educate people regarding environmental issues and problems at local, national
and international levels.