Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
VOLUME 54
January
NUMBER 1
Original Article
Abstract
Background Despite the WHO and UNICEF recommendations,
the well-known breastfeeding benefits, and the efforts to promote and
support breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding by Indonesian mothers
remains low and contributes to high infant mortality rates.
Objective To elucidate the factors that influence mothers choices
for infant feeding
Methods This qualitative study was conducted as part of a nationZLGHVXUYH\7KHVWXG\LQFOXGHGLQGHSWKLQWHUYLHZVRIPRWKHUV
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including general practitioners, pediatricians, and midwives. This
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rural and urban areas of 4 provinces in Indonesia.
Results We found that most mothers intended to breastfeed
and had positive perceptions of breastfeeding. However,
mothers faced many challenges in the practice of exclusive and
proper breastfeeding. Additionally, the perceived definition of
exclusive breastfeeding varied among the participants, leading
to non-exclusive breastfeeding attitudes. The most frequent
reasons for mothers to introduce additional milk formula or
food were the perception of an inadequate milk supply, infant
dissatisfaction or fussiness after feeding. Different perceptions
were also demonstrated in different regions and the varying
levels of socioeconomic status. Health care practitioners (HCPs)
were the most reliable source for giving adequate information,
but unfortunately, they were not easily accessible and provided
inconsistent information. Consequently, closely-related family
members were the major contributors of information to a mothers
choice of infant feeding, because they were easily accessible.
Conclusion Factors influencing mothers in their breastfeeding
practices are their basic knowledge, demographic and socioeconomic status, as well as the availability of support from closelyrelated family members, friends, and HCPs. [Paediatr Indones.
2014;54:35-41.].
Keywords: breastfeeding practices, Indonesian
mothers, and qualitative study
Methods
This study was a part of a nationwide survey which
included qualitative and quantitative studies. The
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health care staffs (14 interviews). This study was
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rural and urban areas of four provinces in Indonesia.
In-depth interviews (IDI) were performed
in order to identify individual opinions, behavior,
experiences in breastfeeding, and to explore factors
influencing mothers in the practice of breastfeeding.
Participants were informed about the survey contents
with regards to infant nutrition prior to the interview.
Although each area of the four provinces covered in
this study have their own local language, we applied
Bahasa Indonesia for the interviews, since it is the
official language of this country. In-depth interviews
were conducted using a semi-structured guide by
Results
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rural areas were interviewed. The distribution of
participants is shown in Table 1.
Study participants generally considered breast
milk to be the best nutrition for infants, because it
contains nutrients favorable for brain development,
infant growth, and body immunity.
My first baby was given milk formula and she
was frequently sick. I breastfed my second and third
children and they were healthy. (SEC B, South
Celebes, urban)
Breast milk was also mentioned by participants
to be safe food for infants (Table 2).
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Exclusive breastfeeding
Nutrition
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Availability
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Cost
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Suitability
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Most readily believed concepts that most Less readily believed concepts that Less readily believed concepts that
mothers are aware of
most mothers are aware of
most mothers are not aware of
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Discussion
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different cultural backgrounds. With such population
diversity, varying levels of knowledge or perceptions
on a topic is a common paradigm.
We documented the various perceptions and
levels of knowledge on breastfeeding practices,
including the definition of exclusive breastfeeding
and other basic concepts. These findings explain the
diversity of common practices in the community and
the gaps from recommended practices. Furthermore,
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