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Acknowledgments
Four years studying at HCM International University, especially at Civil Engineering Department gave
me a wonderful time, and precious experiences that I will never forget. I would like to thank all my
lecturers at Civil Engineering Department for teaching me knowledge and inspiring me everyday. I
consider myself very lucky to have had an opportunity to study in wonderful academic environment
and learned from talented lecturers.
After fifteen weeks of hard working I finally finished my graduation thesis. I would like to express my
gratitude to my supervisors Assoc Prof Dr. Luu Truong Van and Dr.Tran Cao Thanh Ngoc for their
devoted guidance and support.
Over the past fifteen weeks I had opportunity to connect and practice what I had learnt into this thesis ,
and had a look back at what I had learnt in university. Once again, I would like to express my deepest
appreciation to all my lecturers, my supervisors for always supporting me throughout four academic
years. I am proud to be your student and proud to be a student of Civil Engineering Department of
International University-VNU-HCMC.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 : THE CONSTRUCTION ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW...................................5
Introduction:.................................................................................................................................5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.
3.
4.
2.
3.
Typical floor........................................................................................................................19
2.
III.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1. Caculate the additional reinforced stirrup at the position that the secondary beam lie on the main
beam :.........................................................................................................................................35
CHAPTER 5 : COMBO LOADS ACTING ON THE STRUCTURE..........................................37
I.
Wind load:...........................................................................................................................37
1.
2.
IV.
IV.
Introduction:.......................................................................................................................64
PART I : ARCHITECTURE
Introduction:
1. The purpose the structure:
Recently,high-rise buildings are constructed popularly in Vietnam with multi-function such as
private apartment, office,hotel,trade centerThese structures are constructed to meet the
need of luxurious apartment for people as well as other needs of using site plan while the
land budget in big cities is limited. The Eastern apartment is built in order to respond those
needs.
2. The location and feature of the structure:
a) The location:
This structure is located at Binh Chanh province,Ho Chi Minh city.
b) The natural condition :
The climatic feature of Ho Chi Minh city is having 2 season rainy season and dry season.
The rainy season is from May to November having:
-
South-East wind and South-West wind have average velocity: 2,15 m/s.
Wind blows strong in rainny season from May to November, besides North-East wind has slight
blow .
Basement
-2.600m
Floor 5
15.800m
Ground floor
0.800m
Floor 6
19.400m
Floor 2
5.000m
Floor 7
23.000m
Floor 3
8.600m
Terrace
26.600m
Floor 4
12.200m
Technical
floor
30.200m
- Basic structure system : Frame system of reinforced wall system ,shear wall
Hybrid structure system: Frame-bracing system, frame-wall system ,duct-core system, duct
combination system.
Special structure: rigid story system, structure having bracing system at every stories and
structure having frame bond.
II.
D
1 (*)
m
Since in the typical slab , the slab is mainly work on 2 ways ( 2-way slab), so we choose
the coefficient as below:
1 1
l = L1=3.15m and h s= 40 50 L1 (**)
1
3.35=0.075 m=75 mm(2)
50
( 18 121 ) L
1 1
b =( ) h
2 4
hdc =
dc
( 121 161 ) L
1 1
=( )h
2 4
hdp=
bdp
dp
Note : according to TCXD198-1997 we have : the minimum width of the beam cross
section should be greater than 220mm and its maximum width should be smaller than the
width of of column and 1.5 time the height of cross section. The minimum height of the
cross section is not less than 300mm.The ratio of height and width of the cross section
should not be greater than
Thus :
( adequate )
( adequate)
3. Choosing preliminary dimension for column :
Purpose of choosing column cross section is to ensure the capacity of eduring and transmitting
loads for the structure.
The area of column Ac is determined by the equation:
Where :
Rb : compression strength of concrete
Rb=14.5 MPa
kt : coefficient which depends on the element enduring horizontal load
kt = 1.3 1.5 ( edge column, corner column)
+ Choosing k= 1.2 for edge column
+ Choosing k = 1.3 for corner column
kt = 1.1 1.2 (for internal column)
+ Choosing k = 1.1 for internal column
N : vertical force in column caused by compression force, and is computed
The cross section of column should be chosen in such a way that the ratio between the clearance
height and the cross section of column is not greater than 25. The minimum width of the cross
section is not less than 220 mm.
Typical floor
Load calculation :
Loads acting on slab consist of dead load and live load.
Live loads are determine from slabs self weight, the finishes and wall distributed on slab.
The distributed live loads acting on slab are determine in the table bellow:
To simplify the calculation, we take the dead load in each span which has both living area and rest
room area as mean value of dead load computed above :
assumed as uniformly distributed load on all over the span.This load is determined by the
equation :
(kN/m2)
Where:
2. Live load :
a) According to standard number 4.3 TCVN 2737-1995 : depending on the specific use of every
span, we look up for appropriate standard live load.
b) Reliability coefficient n, for uniformly distributed load is determined follow standard 4.3.3 /
page 15 / TCVN 2737-1995.
When ptc < 2 (kN/m2) n =1.3
When ptc 2 (kN/m2) n = 1.2
Table 3.5 : Live load acting on slab
III.
Two-way slab:
For two-way slab, the distribution of internal force of the slab respect to 2 ways
is slightly complicated. The internal force can be computed by available
appendix. There are 11 plans for two-way slab calculation as below :
(kNm)
(kNm)
The maximum negative moment at the support:
(kNm)
(kNm)
Where :
i : symbol respect to considering span ( i = 1,2,3,4,)
1,2 : denote the direction that we are considering is l1 or l2
L1,L2 : length of span
P : total load acting on span
( q : computed load (kN/m2))
m11,m12,mi1,mi2,ki1,ki2 are coefficients depend on the ratio L1/L2, taken from
appendix of the notebook for structure practice
One-way slab:
Moment at support :
Where :
- Concrete B25 which has Rb= 14.5 MPa,, b = 0.9, R=0.439 (TCXDVN5574-2012)
- Steel AI having Rs =225 MPa
Assume :
- the thickness of the concrete cover a1 =20mm ; a2 = a1+10 = 20+10 =30 mm
- h01,h02 : the effective depth of slab respect to the shorter edge and the longer
edge.
When calculating reinforcement, we have to divide slab into many strip which has the width
of 1m and consider that strip as a beam having b = 1000 mm and h = 150 mm.
Then we compute :
Requirement :
When choosing reinforcement for slab, we choose the reinforcement that is having same
size in order to make the executing more convenient .
Where :
k is a coefficient depend on the support and type of load ( read the appendix table 12 of the
Practical calculation for reinforcement concrete components by Dr. Nguyen Dinh Cong) .
Where :
Es, Eb : elastic modulus of steel and concrete
As :area of reinforcement
Ab: area of the concrete ,
Where :
The lever-arm
, if the component considering is rectangular component
The second term of the above equation is taken the + sign when the
pre-compression appears, and is taken the - sign when the pre-tension
appears; due to the component we are considering is under bending so the
the second term of the equation above equals 0.
Where :
to calculate.