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Form 4
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Characteristics
Explanation
- So it is stiffer.
- It is stiffer.
- To reduce bumping.
- S is chosen because the spring has small diameter, high elastic limit, high
spring constant and small natural frequency.
You are required to determine the most suitable motorcycle to move fast and
safe when racing.
Study the specifications of all the four motorcycles from the following aspects:
-
Characteristics
Explanation
- The motorcycle must be with antilock - To prevent the brake from locking
braking system (ABS).
and motorcycle from skidding.
- The width of tyre must be bigger.
- Move faster.
- Increase stability.
- Racing bike C is chosen because it has antilock braking system (ABS), big
width of tyre, low mass and low seat height.
Characteristics
Explanation
- It is stronger.
- Q is the most suitable piling system because it has big mass of pile driver,
high position of pile driver, steel pile and sharp base of pile.
You are required to determine the most suitable design to make the ball at the
end swings up to higher level and at bigger speed. Study all the five designs
from the following aspects:
-
Characteristics
- The balls touch each other.
Explanation
- This will reduce losses of energy
which will reduce the speed of the
balls.
- The type of material used to make the - Steel balls are hard and produce
balls is steel.
highly elastic collision. Energy can
easily propagate through the
intermediate balls.
- Two strings used to hang each ball.
- This string arrangement restricts
the balls movements to the same
plane.
- The position of the ball to start the
oscillation.
Characteristics
Explanation
- It is stronger.
- K is chosen because the arrangement has small angle, streamlined cargo ship,
steel rod and inelastic rod.
Table on the next page shows five different designs of boxing rings, V, W, X, Y
and Z with different specifications.
You are required to determine the most suitable ring for boxing practice and
tournaments.
Give reasons for your choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
- So it is stronger.
- Boxing ring W is chosen because it has ropes with big diameter, padded
corner post, rounded edges platform and padded platform with foam.
Study the materials and consider their properties. Determine the most suitable
material to be used for the construction of an aircraft. Give reasons for your
choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
- Y is chosen because it has low density, high melting point, is very strong and
hard.
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the arm exercise equipment as
show in table above.
Explain the suitability of each feature of the arm exercise equipments in table
above. Determine the most suitable arm exercise equipment to be used
Give reasons for your choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
- So it is stiffer.
- So it is stiffer.
Modification
Explanation
Modification
Explanation
- Jump higher.
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the backhoes above and
choose the most suitable backhoe to do heavy work. Explain the suitability of
the characteristics of backhoes. Determine the most suitable backhoe and give
reasons for your choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
- Large inertia.
- So it is more stable.
Based on the table above, explain the suitable characteristics of the student to be
in the basketball team. Choose which student will be in the basketball team and
explain your choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
- The student C is chosen because the student has low mass, high height, fast
responding time, high power and short time taken to complete 100m run.
Lets Rock'n'Roll. The above diagram shows a ramp used in a BMX bicycle
jumping competition. You are required to redesign the ramp using appropriate
physics concepts to enable the cyclist to land at a longer distance.
You should include the following aspects:
Modification
Explanation
- To reduce friction.
State and explain five safety features in a car that can be used to protect the
driver of a car in the event of an accident.
Modification
Explanation
- An anti-lock braking (ABS) should be - To avoid the car from skidding and
equipped.
the brake from locking.
- A safety belt is used in the car.
Modification
Explanation
A grocery wants to deliver 200 eggs to a hawker centre daily using his
motorcycle. However, the grocer thinks that the eggs will crack easily during
the delivery service.
To prevent the above situation, the grocer needs to modify a suitable container
to place all the eggs so that the eggs can be delivered safely to the hawker centre.
(i) Using appropriate physics concept, suggest to the type of container that he
should use.
(ii) How he should place the eggs to prevent damages.
Modification
Explanation
- So it is lighter.
Guard rails are constructed along roads up holiday hill resorts such as Cameron
Highlands to prevent cars from going over the edge. The table above shows five
guard rails with different specifications.
You are required to determine the most suitable guard rails to be constructed.
Study the specifications of all four rail guard rails to be constructed from the
following aspects:
Material
Shape of the rail
Width of the rail
Reflectors on the rail
Characteristics
Explanation
- It is stronger.
Reaction time
Mass
Rate of consumption of fuel
Body shape
Strength of material
Modification
Explanation
Characteristics
- The smallest division on the scale of
0.01cm is chosen.
Explanation
- Because it is suitable for the
diameter of beaker to be measured.
Modification
Explanation
- Last longer.
You are required to determine the most suitable tanker to deliver oil safely.
Study the specifications of all the four tankers from the following aspects:
- The type of brakes
- The number of tyres
- The number and size of the tanks
- The distance between the trailer and the tractor.
Explain the suitability of the aspects. Justify your choice.
Characteristics
Explanation
The above diagram shows a worker carrying a gas tank. The motorcycle is to be
modified for beach patrol. It has to travel on soft, sandy beaches and provide
maximum comfort for the passengers. Using appropriate physics concept,
suggest and explain suitable modifications or ways that this can be carried out.
Based on your answers on the following aspects:
Diameter of spring
Width of tyres
Material of the seat
Material for motorcycle frame
Thread patterns on the tyres
Modification
Explanation
Modification
- The tyres must be wider.
Explanation
- To reduce pressure acting on the
sandy beaches.
- The thread patterns on the tyres must - To give a better grip and improve
be deep.
road holding.
- The seat should be made of soft
material.
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the ropes in table above
which could be used to make parachute. Explain the suitability of each
characteristic in table and hence, determine which rope is the most suitable to be
used to make the parachute.
Characteristics
Explanation
- So it is lighter.
- Rope Q is used because it is dynamic rope, has low density, high snapping
force and small diameter of rope.
As a researcher, you are asked to study several race cars. Based on the
information given in table above, state and explain the features that are suitable
for a race car. Hence, determine which cars is the best race car.
Characteristics
Explanation
- To move faster.
- Z race car is chosen because it has low mass, high power, short time for 0
100 km/h and low air resistance.
Using the suitable physics concepts, you are required to give some suggestions
on designing a racing motorcycle of 500cc. Explain your suggestions based on
the following aspects:
- Density of motorcycle parts
- Engine power
- Spring in suspension system
- Size of tyre
- The designs of the spring
Modification
Explanation
- So it is stiffer.
- The spring should have high strength. - So the spring will not break easily.
Using appropriate physics concept, suggest and explain suitable designs or ways:
(i) To accelerate the rocket.
(ii) To protect the rocket from extreme heat while passing through the Earths
atmosphere.
Modification
Explanation
Modification
Explanation
- It is lighter.
Modification
Explanation
- The track must in semi circular shape. - For easier exchange between
gravitational potential energy and
kinetic energy.
- The slope is increased.
Using your knowledge of motion, forces and properties of materials, you are
required to make suggestion to design a sailboat which can travel faster.
Your suggestion must base on the following aspects:
(i) Shape of the hull
(ii) Material used to make the hull
(iii) Material used to make the sail
(iv) Size of the sail
Modification
Explanation
- So it is lighter.
- The material used for the hull must be - To reduce water resistance or drag.
smooth.
- Material used for the sail must be
flexible and strong.
Modification
Explanation
Modification
- The tank must be big.
Explanation
- To store and carry more water.
- The tank should be divided into a few - To reduce the effect of inertia.
compartments.
- The material used should be with low - So it is lighter.
density.
- The shape of the prime mover should
be streamlined.
Modification
- Javelin should be made of strong
material.
Explanation
- So it will not break easily.
Explain the modification that can be done to improve the efficiency of the
tractor.
Emphasise your explanation based on the following aspects:
-
Modification
Explanation
- So it is able to do work.
Modification
Explanation
- Lighter.
Due to the massive size and mass of the building, the building must be built
with suitable materials and structures.
Using physics concepts, explain the modifications that should be done to
increase the strength and stability of the building.
Modification
- The material used must be steel.
Explanation
- Steel is strong.
- The building should have huge pillars. - To absorb shock and support the
building.
- The building should have large mass.
Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitable equipment and
techniques to improve his performance. Your answer should include the
following aspects:
- Vaulters attire
- Vaulters movement
- Pole used
- Safety
Modification
Explanation
- To increase momentum.
At National Water Rocket competition, the winner is supposed to design a water rocket which can be
launched to a higher altitude, further distance and take the longest time to land.
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the water rockets and determine the best water
rockets. Give your reasons.
Characteristics
Explanation
- The best water rocket is rocket T because it has a straight cut shape,
streamlined body, angle of launching at 45 degree and equipped with
functional fins.
Modification
Explanation
- The rocket should be made of material - So the rocket is lighter and can
with low density.
travel with greater acceleration.
- The 1/3 volume of rocket is filled
with water.
Modification
Explanation