Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Isgarian
The modern language of zgar
Table of Contents
Table of Contents............................................................................................. 1
1.
Phonology..................................................................................................... 2
1.Phonology
1.1. Phonemic Inventory
The following text deals with the standard pronunciation and orthography
of modern zgarde (in following refered to by its English name, Isgarian),
developed and regulated by the University of zgar. This standard is called
Standard Modern Isgarian in English, and often abbreviated as SM.
CLOSE
CLOSEMID
MID
OPEN
i
y
()
( )
u
e
()
()
o
()
a
Note: Phonemic variations are in bold, allophones to these individual phonemes usually
grouped as Schwas in brackets
The individual vowel phonemes are reduced to one of the schwaallophones in syllables preceding the stressed syllable of a word. The open
vowel phonemes both reduce to the mid-schwa, while the close-mid
phonemes reduce to the close-mid schwas, depending on their grade of
roundedness. The closed vowel phonemes would ideally reduce to the
closed schwas, however, it has become general practice in all but the most
formal circles to reduce them to the two close-mid schwas, as well.
Labiodental
Dental
Alveolar
Palatal
Velar
Nasal
Plosive
Fricative
Trill
Laterals &
Approxima
nts
mm m
p p
nm n
t t
rm r
lm l
sz
k k
x
Note: The unvoiced nasals, trill and lateral as well as the aspirated stops are in italics as
they are not phonemically independent, and simply an allophone of their voiced and/or
un-aspirated counterparts occurring in certain environments. The only non-fricative
phonemic distinction between a pair of voiced/unvoiced consonants is made between /k/
and /g/.
1.2.
Phonotactics
1.3.
Phone
me
a
e
i
y
o
u
1.4.
Romanisation
Romanisati Phone
on
me
a
f
e
i
x
o
s
u
z
k
k
Rom
.
f
v
h
s
z
sh
zh
k
kk
g
Dialectic variation
Phone
me
m
mm
n
nm
t
t
p
p
Rom
.
m
mh
n
nh
ng
ngh
t
tt
p
pp
Phone
me
r
rm
l
lm
Rom.
r
rh
l
lh
j