Ancient Civilizations Comparison Chart

AncientMesopotamia

Ancient
Egypt

Ancient
Israel

AncientChina

Ancient
India

1.TigrisRiver
2.EuphratesRiver
3.RiverValley
4.PersianGulf
5.Flooding

1.NileRiver
2.RiverValley
3.SaharaDesert
4.Cataracts
5.Red Sea
6.NileDelta
7.Flooding

1.SyrianDesert
2.DeadSea
3.JordanRiver
4.MediterraneanSea
5.MountSinai

1. HaungHe River
2.ChangJiangRiver
3.SouthChinaSea
4. Himalaya Mt.
5.PlateauofTibet
6. TaklimakanDesert
7. GobiDesert
Chinais surroundedby
mountainrangesandlarge
bodiesofwater.

1.IndusRiver
2.GangesRiver
3.HimalayaMt.
4.DeccanPlateau
5. Subcontinent
6.ArabianSea
7.BayofBengal
8.IndianOcean

Cities

1.Babylon
2.Ur
3.Nineveh

1.Giza
2.Memphis
3.Thebes

1. Jerusalem
2.Canaan
3.Jericho

1. Anyang
2. Luoyang

1.Harappa
2.MohenjioDaro

Leaders

1.Sargon
2.Hammurabi
3.Nebuchadnezzar

1.Narmer/Menus
2.Hatshepsut
3.RamsesII
4.Tutankhamen

1.Abraham
2.Moses
3.David
4.Solomon

1. Confucius
2.Laozi
3.Hanfeizi
4. Qin Shihuangdi

1. SiddharthaGautama
2. ChandraguptaMaurya
3. EmperorAsoka

Lawsor
MoralCodes
Government

HammurabisCodeofLaw

Pharaohswordislaw

RuleofLaw/Ten
Commandments

Confuciuss GoldenRule
Legalism

BuddhasEightfoldPath

1.Ruledbypriests.
2.Later,kingsruledthepeople;
theybelievedkingshaddivine
approval.
Empires: Firstkingswerepriests
thanwarriors.
Empires
Akkadians
Babylonians
Assyrians
Chaldeans

Theocracy
Pharaohwasarulerpriestanda
god. Heownedeverything.

1. EarlyIsraeliteswereledby
judges.
2.Later,theywereledbykings
andprophets.

1.A kingoremperorruledthe
country.
2.Aristocratsrantheprovinces.
3.Dynasties
Shang
Zhou
Qin
Han

1. Thewarriorclassranthe
government,usuallyruledby
aking.
2. Smallkingdomswere
forcedtounitwhen
foreignersinvaded.
3.Dynasties
MauryanDynasty
EmperorAsoka
GuptaEmpire

Geography
Landscape
Water

Dynastiesbrokenupinto3time
frames.

Three Kingdoms:
1.OldKingdom
2.MiddleKingdom
3. NewKingdom

KingSaul
KingDavid
KingSolomon

Ancient Civilizations Comparison Chart

AncientMesopotamia
SocialClass

1.Upperclass
Kings
Priests
Governmentofficials

2.MiddleClass

Artisans
Merchants
Farmers
Fishermen

Ancient
Egypt

Ancient
Israel

1.Pharaoh
2.Priests&nobles
3.Traders,artisans,
shopkeepers& scribes
4.Farmers&herders
5.Unskilledworkers
6.Slaves

Norealsocialclassbut
judgesandprophetswere
mostrespected.

Polytheism
(Manygods)
Re Sungod
Osiris Afterlife

Judaism
Monotheism
(OneGod)

Hieroglyphics

Hebrew

AncientChina
1.Upperclass
Landowningaristocrats

2.Middleclass
PeasantFarmers

Womendidnothaveas
manyrightsasmen.

3.Lowerclass
Merchants

Slaves

Polytheism
(Manygods)
Marduk(kingofthegods)
Ishtar(love)
Adad(stormgod)

WritingSystem Cuneiform

CasteSystem
1. Brahmins Priests
2. Kshatriyas Rulers&
warriors
3. Vaisyas Commonpeople
4. Sudras Unskilled
laborers,servants
Notfitforthesystem
5. Untouchables collecting
trash,skinninganimals,or
handlingdeadbodies.

3.Lowerclass

Religion

Ancient
India

Literature

EpicofGilgamesh
HammurabisCodeofLaw

EgyptianBookoftheDead

Torah & HebrewBible

(OldTestament)
DeadSeaScrolls

Buildings

1. Ziggurat
2.HangingGardenofBabylon

1.Pyramids
2.Sphinx
3.Temples

1.HolyTemple
2.Synagogue

WorshipofAncestors
Polytheism
Confucianism
Daoism
Buddhism
(notgodcentered)
Pictographs wordpictures

Calligraphy
Analects (Confucius)
DaoDeChing (Laotzu)
1.GreatWallofChina
2.QinsTerracottaArmy

Hinduism
(Manyformsof
Brahman)
Buddhism
(notgodcentered)
Sanskrit
1. Upanishads
2. VedasofIndia
3. EpicofMahabharata
4. EpicofRamayana

1.Stupa
2.Mandir

Ancient Civilizations Comparison Chart

AncientMesopotamia
Accomplishments 1.Numbersystembasedon60

Vocabulary

AncientEgypt

Ancient Israel

2.12 MonthCalendar
3.WagonWheel
4.Sailboat
5.Plow
6.Irrigation System

1.365 DayCalendar
2.Numbersystembasedon10
3.Medicine
4.PapyrusPaper
5.Machinestomovewaterto
crops
6.Irrigation System

1.SpreadtheideaofoneGod.
2.StartedJudaism
3.WrotetheHebrewBible
(OldTestament)
4.InfluencedChristianityand
Islam
5.Passedontheideasof
justice,fairnessand
compassioninsocietyand
government.

Artisan
Astronomer
Caravan
Citystate
Civilizations
Cuneiform
Empire
Irrigation
Polytheism
Province
Scribe
Ziggurat

Artisan
Delta
Deity
Dynasty
Embalming
Hieroglyphics
Irrigation
Mummy
Obelisk
Papyrus
PolytheismPyramid
Pharaoh
Savanna
Scribe
SocialClass
Sphinx
Theocracy
Tribute

Alphabet
Covenant
Empire
Exile
Messiah
Monotheism
Prophet
Proverb
Rabbi
Sabbath
Synagogue
Torah
Tribe

AncientChina
Abacus
Acupuncture
Cannon
Castiron
Clock
Coins
Compass
Decimal
System
Fireworks
Gunpowder

Ink
Kite
MartialArts
Matches
Paper
Papermoney
Porcelain
Printing
Silk
Tea
Umbrella
Wheelbarrow

Acupuncture
Aristocrat
Bureaucracy
Calligraphy
Confucianism
Dao
Daoism
Dynasty
FilialPiety
Ideography
Legalism
MandateofHeaven
Pictograph
SocialClass
Terracotta
TradeRoutes

AncientIndia
1.Developed2major
religions(Hinduism&
Buddhism)
2. Conceptofzero
3. Symbolsfornumbers19
4. Algorithms
5. Astronomy Theearth
revolvedaround thesun.
6. Goldcoins
7. Metalmirrors
8.Plasticsurgery
9.Chess

Brahman
Brahmins
Caste
Dharma
Dynasty
Ganesh
Guru
Karma
Krishna
Monsoon
Nirvana

Pilgrimage
Pilgrims
Raja
Reincarnation

Sanskrit
Shiva
Stupa
Subcontinent

Theocracy
Vishnu

Ancient Civilizations Comparison Chart

Geography Mapping Geography Landforms
Absolutelocation
Cardinaldirections
Cartographer
Compassrose
Coordinates
Equator
Globe
Hemispheres
Latitude
MapLegend
Longitude
MapKey
Politicalmap
Physicalmap
PrimeMeridian
Scale

Bay
Canyon
Cliff
Continent
Delta
Gulf
Island
Lake
Mountains
Mountainrange
Ocean
Peninsula
Plain
Plateau
Relief
River
Sea
Valley
Volcano

History
Historian
Archaeologist
Artifact
Fossils
Anthropologist
Technology
Primarysource
Secondarysource
Timeline
B.C.beforeChrist
A.D.annodomini
(intheyearofourLord)
B.C.E.beforecommonere
C.E.commonera

EarlyHumans
Paleolithic
Neolithic
Nomads
Hunter gathers
Otzi theIceman
Domestication
Farmingrevolution
Adapt
Specialization

Civilizations
Complexsocieties
Art
Cities
Classdivisions
Organizedgovernments
Religion
Writingsystems

VocabularyStudyHabits
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Workonyourvocabularyeverydayandyourvocabularyknowledgewill grow.
Vocabularyincreasesthroughcontactwithwrittenword.Makeareadingahabityouperformdailyforaminimumof15minutes ormore.
Learntouse contextclues. Contextcluesarethewordsaroundanewwordthatgivecluestowhatthenewwordmeans.

Ifyoudon'tknowawordfromreadingitincontext,lookitupinthedictionary.Ittakesonlyafewseconds.
Don'tCram!Dontmemorizetoomanywordstooquickly. Trymemorizingthreeorfourwords,andseeifyouknowthem.Thenaddacouplemoreandtestyourselftoseehow
muchyouvelearnedsofar.