2014 International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON 2014)

Chengdu, 20-22 Oct. 2014

Research and Development and Application of

Distribution-network Planning Calculation&
Analysis System
WEI Tao1 SU Jian1 LIU Jun1CUI Yanyan1 ZHANG Jun2 LIU Cong2XU Ke2
(1. China Electric Power Research Institute2. State GridTianjin Electric Power Company )


AbstractAt present, the foreign softwares are mainly focused
on calculation, analysis and simulation in the grid design field,
which is not designed specifically for the field of distribution
network planning. In addition, there are still large differences
between the foreign demands in developing ideas, applying habits
and the domestic distribution system, resulting in the foreign
analysis software has not been mature applied in the field of
domestic distribution network planning.In China, the distribution
network analysis softwares developed by the software developers
or universities are also not designed specifically for the field of
distribution network planning, which are mainly used for grid
dispatching system or operation system.Inaddition,thesesoftwares
are given priority to with stand-alone mode, not for many people
working together, which are lack of data interfaces with other
application systems.Thesesoftwares are not in practical operation
because the bad data quality, low commercialization degree, less
innovative and poor practicability. The distribution-network
planning calculation & analysis system is showed as a
professional analysis tool in this article.The system is based on the
reliability of the power distribution network planning concept.All
kinds of algorithms of analysis in the field of distribution network
are integrated in the system which can meet different demands of
distribution network planning.The system achieves the data
interaction with the other application systems by CIM(common
information model) following IEC 61968/61970. The system also
supports two kinds of access mode as the client/server (C/S) and
browser/server (B/S), which can meet the application
requirements of different users.All algorithm modules can well
meet the demands of distribution network reliability evaluation,
quantitative analysis, technical and economic comparison,
planning scheme optimization,and so on.It has been applied in
large scale in practical distribution network planning.The system
introduced in this article has strong application value which
effectively realizes the function of scientific and lean in
distribution network planning.
planning power supply
Index Termsdistribution network
reliabilitycalculationanalysisCIMcommon information
model

I. INTRODUCTION

n order to effectively improve the distribution network

planning of scientific and lean, not only requires systematic

POWERCON 2014

Paper No CP1268

and scientific planning processes and methods, as well as

experienced planning engineers, but also need the perfect
calculation&analysis tools of planning to accomplish a lot of
basic data processing and computational analysis, to effectively
improve the efficiency of planning analysis. This article is
based on geographic information system (GIS), the
introduction of distribution network reliability planning
philosophy by the Common Information Model (CIM) as the
messaging standard, developed distribution network planning
analysis software.It achieve many features, as distribution
power flow, short circuit current , security of supply, supply
reliability and distribution network integrated assessment
calculations, etc.The software achieve the quantitative analysis
of distribution network planning.In addition, a typical area is
selected to utilize.The obtained results by the software provide
the necessary quantitative data support for the distribution
network planning.
II. DISTRIBUTION-NETWORK PLANNING
CALCULATION&ANALYSIS SOFTWARE BASED ON GIS
A. Technology architecture of the software
1Data interfaceproviding unified access interface for
the various types of data in this platform, it is mainly
responsible for:1)receiving application access requests to
obtain data from the database and 2) return the data according
to the application specification to the application services.
Before the IPDP(integrated planning and design platform) is
running, DPCAS can extract the required data for calculation
from external data sources such as PMS, GIS ,and get data from
the IPDP after its operation.
2Calculation and analysis moduleMainly used to
deploy the core businesses of the calculation and analysis
procedure. All of the application logic components are
encapsulated in the CAM, and can be called as application
services by several applications. Calculation services can be
called by the clients through the service specification while
information dissemination services are mainly responsible for
analyzing the results demonstrated by the B/S client.
3 Man-machine interface as the user's application
system, MMI provides accesses to graphical display and a

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vaariety of anallysis and calcculation functtions, and excchanges

daata with appliccation servicees. The presenntation layer provides
p
tw
wo methods for implemennt, C/S (Clieent Mode) an
nd B/S
(B
Browser mode).C/S mode is mainly used
u
for plannners to
prrocess the calcculation and aanalysis based on the modelling and
paarameters settiing, B/S modee implementattion can be acchieve d
byy the self-deveeloped B/S cliient.
DPCAS techhnology frameework as show
wn in figure1.

Chengdu, 20-22 Oct. 2014

reaalize the flexxible interfacee with it.Thee software innterface

paattern as shownn in figure3.
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a
of thee software

B. Functionaal architecturee of the softwaare

All functionns of DPCAS will be deployed in application
laayer, which mainly
m
containnspower floow and shortt-circuit
cuurrent calculattion;servicee security anaalysispowerr supply
reeliability analyysisconnecttion modes annalysisdistrribution
neetwork evaluuation Reaactive powerr optimization, etc.
DPCAS featurees architecturee diagram is shhown in figuree2.
In
ntegrated planning and design platform
p

Ca
alcualtion functions

Application
layer

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Fiig2 Functional arrchitecture of the software

C. Interface mode of the software

s
A
The Distribuution-network Planning Caalculation & Analysis
S)can realize the
t flexible intterface with thhe other
Syystem(DPCAS
appplication systtems, for exam
mple,GIS(Geoographic Inforrmation
Syystem),
P
PMS(Productiv
ve
Managgement
System),
DA(Distributioon-network Automation),
A
S
SCADA(Supe
ervisory
Control And Data Acquiisition),etc.Whhen the Inttegrated
pllanning and design platfoorm deployedd in the proovincial
ellectric power company is formally
f
runnning,the DPCA
AS can

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Paper No CP1268

D
D. Features of
o the softwarre
1) service-oriiented architeccture
DPCAS uses the service-orriented architeecture (SOA),, which
work design method
m
is characterizedd as an integrration framew
thaat emphasizees the encapsulation and reusability of the
y in the
funnctions on thee platform andd the service composability
c
complex loose application ennvironments. Following sttandard
OA interfacess, with the clear definittion and funnctional
SO
inddependence, each
e
b replaced byy others
componennt can easily be
kes integratioon and
suppported by the
t
same prootocol. It mak
maaintenance of
o the system
m easier. This architectture is
perating system
ms and
inddependent of the hardware platforms, op
v
proogramming laanguages. Thee adoption of SOA in the various
components of DPCAS
D
as weell as the exterrnal-facing design of
m architecturre enable sttandard
thee entire servvices platform
connection betw
ween internal components and consisteence of
mni-directionaal services.
om
2)componentized design
plete functionaality is
mponentized design, comp
Based on com
ponents
achhieved in thee form of com
mposition of related comp
enncapsulated and
a
abstracted. Componentized structture is
conducive for thhe functional eexpansion andd improvementt of the
l
degree.
reuusability in a large
d into three layers:
The componnent frameworrk is divided
intterface layer loogical componnent / service layer and dataa layer.
Thhe interface implement
i
thee business fuunction throuugh the
loggical componnent which aaccesses dataa through the data
component.
M
3) data exchaange techniquee based on CIM
by
CIM(Commoon
Modeel),formulatedd
Informaation
IEC(Internationnal Electro-techhnical Comm
mission),is an abstract
a
moodel used to describe all of the mainn objects in power
company, especcially ones rrelated to electric power system
p
a coorrespondencee between the object
opperation. By providing
claasses and thheir attributess, CIM is seen as a sttandard
descriptive meethod of elecctric power system, andd it is
convenient forr the integraation of sepparate managgement
ution systemss models in DPCAS (inccluding
sysstems.Distribu
etcc.) have
griid graphics, neetwork topoloogy, resource properties,
p

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absorbed and integrated the IECCIM model technology so they

and their attribute data could be exchanged better through their
respective unique signs. With standard data exchange format,
topology data as well as resource attribute data are expressed as
CIMXML while grid graphic data are expressed as SVG.
E. Calculation & analysis module
1) power supply reliability analysis
FMFA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis method, one of
the analytical methods) is implemented in the DPCAS
reliability analysis module. There are three steps in FMFA. step
1: search all of the components in the system and list all the
possible system states; step 2,according to appropriate criterion
of fault discrimination, find the clusters of fault modes and
establish the corresponding consequences table; step 3, analyze
the relationship between each fault event and its consequence
and acquire load reliability indexes and system reliability
indexes. With simple and clear principles and accurate models
as well as the consideration of failure-post power and voltage
constraints, FMEA is easily applied in the reliability evaluation
of radial distribution system. Calculation principle shown in
Figure 4.

Fig4 The flow of reliability calculation principle

2) power supply security analysis

According to the actual topologies of MV distribution
network, DPCAS is capable of simulating the system situations
under the N-1 shortage conditions and processing operational
requirement check for other equipments to testify the power
supply security. Calculation principle shown in Figure 5.

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Paper No CP1268

Fig5 The flow of N-1 calculation principle

3) power flow calculation

Power flow(PF) calculation is aimed to determine the
steady-state parameters of every component according to the
specific operating condition(such as grid structure, the
parameters of generators and loads, generally including the
power of sources and loads, key bus voltage and the amplitude
and phase of the balanced bus voltage.
4) short-circuit current calculation
Short-circuit current level in the distribution network should
be clear when it refers to selecting the switch equipment
parameters or proposing effective measures to limit
short-circuit current.
5) Reactive power optimization calculation
We can know that if the reactive power compensation is
needed in distribution network by reactive power optimization
calculation.We can auto-achieve the installation location of the
reactive power devices by the calculation.The users can choose
the installation location based on actual requirement,they can
also verify the actual result of the compensation by reactive
power optimization calculation.The software can give
suggestion of reactive power compensation for the users to the
low-voltage nodes.
6) Economic evaluation
We carry out economic evaluation in distribution network by
means of three methods,such as Minimum cost method,
benefit/cost method, incremental benefit /incremental cost
method.We can achieve economic evaluation results of
different planning schemes combining with equipment
comprehensive cost, electric price and electric quantity,
reliability rate,line loss rate etc.The users can choose freely
appropriate evaluation method combining with personal
physical truth, and the evaluation result can provide reference
for optimal selection of schemes.
7) Spatial load forecasting
By automatically importingthe electronic map of urban
overall planning, the software can realize the function of spatial
load forecasting.We can get forecasting loadfor different plots
by means of setting different calculation parameters.

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8)Other auxiliary application functions

In addition to the above calculation functions,the DPCAS
also includes other auxiliary application functions,such
as:automatic statistics network scale,automatic identification
connection mode,analysis of power distance,comparing a
variety of planning scheme,different planning version
management,coloring
according
to
the
different
object,automatic generation of single line diagram,automatic
generation of system diagram,checkingautomatically the
network island,checking the data integrity,etc.These functions
provide important technical supportfor our better analysis of
the distribution network planning schemes.
III. APPLICATION EXAMPLES
The DACPS on GIS has been successfully used in a city area
distribution network planning work. The region contains 692
10kV line, about 65,000 nodes.User evaluated the software that
it is practical convenience using advanced technology which
has played a quantitative supporting role in the distribution
network planning. The overall effect size is shown in figure6.
Some of the 10kV lines are modeled topology which are shown
in Figure7.

Chengdu, 20-22 Oct. 2014

reliability of the system and load points are calculated by

DACPS,which provides the necessary reference for optimizing
distribution network planning program. Table 1 shows part of
the calculation results. From Tab1,we can find that the
reliability of system was significantly decreased as the
increasing in line length, equipment failure rate and switching
time.
TAB 1 RELIABILITY CALCULATION RESULT WITH DIFFERENT CONDITIONS
reliability rate (%) SAIFI(time/y) SAIDI(hour/y)
2.6
99.9411
2.47574
5.15639
99.9393
2.66393
5.55713
Line length 3.7
(km)
5.3
99.9366
1.04021
2.42400
7.5
99.9321
2.84039
5.94804
4.9
99.9630
1.55114
3.24446
Equipment
6.1
99.9539
1.93101
4.03902
failure rate
(%)
8.2
99.9366
1.04021
2.42400
50
99.9461
2.59579
4.72286
switching time
70
99.9421
2.59579
5.07618
(min)
90
99.9366
1.04021
2.42400

Also it can reflect the investment effect on reliability by

DACPS,the result is shown in Tab2.From Table 2, we can find
that reliability rate will be increased with the network
structureenhancing and the reliability cost increasing.

Scheme

scheme 1
Radiation
scheme 2
Increasing
section switches
scheme 3
Increasing
contact lines

TAB 2 RELIABILITY INVESTMENT RETURNS

Total
Reliability
average
investment
Cost
Shorten the
reliability outage
outage time
Ten
Ten
time
rate (%)
thousand
thousand
min
min
yuan
yuan
402

99.9328

353

414

12

99.9441

294

59

430

28

99.9562

230

64

IV. CONCLUSION
Fig6 effect diagram of 10kV distribution networkmodeling of one region

This paper introduces the concept of supply reliability

planning, GIS-based information to develop a distribution
network planning calculation&analysissoftware.It provides a
visual, interactive, quantifiable means of supporting with
flexible service architecture, the standard CIM model exchange,
component design and convenient features on the distribution
network planning.It offer an effective solution to lack of
analytical tools of distribution grid computing, then it can be
applied to promote.
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64-68
WEI Tao was born in Gansu Province, China on January, 1976. He received
the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
City, China, in 2007. Now, He works on China Electric Power Research
Institute as an electrical senior engineer and his special fields include
distribution network planning, analysis and etc. Tel:010-82813449; FAX:
010-82813495; Email:weit@epri.sgcc.com.cn.
SU Jianwas born in Xinjiang Province, China on January, 1971. Senior
Engineer.Email:sujian@epri.sgcc.com.cn.

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