private

media-related
organizations

Agorilla
Alvarez
Brito
Ibis
Surio

definition

any media outlet whose

financing is provided
by individuals or
private groups

definition

family-run businesses
professionally-managed
corporations
religious, political or
social organizations

definition

profit-driven
responsibility is to
private interests rather
than to public ones

examples

TV and Radio

examples

Telecommunications

examples

Print

landmark
issues

covert consolidation
press freedom

covert consolidation

Horizontal integration

Vertical integration

covert consolidation

covert consolidation
TV: Eight television stations and the ABC television
network; ESPN; Disney Channels Worldwide; ABC
Family; SOAPnet Networks; A&E; Lifetime Television;
The History Channel; Lifetime Movie Network; the
Biography Channel; History International; Lifetime
Real Women; Live Well Network
Radio: ESPN Radio Network; Radio Disney
Print: ESPN The Magazine; Disney Publishing
Worldwide; Juvenile Publishing; Digital Publishing;
Disney Music Publishing; Marvel Publishing
Entertainment: Marvel Entertainment; ABC Studios;
ABC Media Production; Pixar; Walt Disney Pictures;
Walt Disney Records; Hollywood Records; Mammoth
Records; Buena Vista Records; Lyric Street Records
Other: Buena Vista Concerts; Disney Mobile; Disney
Theatrical Productions; The Disney Store; Disney
theme parks and water parks; Disney English; Disney
Interactive Media Group; Disney Games; Playdom, Inc.

covert consolidation

same content on multiple stations in

same market vs competing viewpoints
and differing perspectives

press freedom

government cant control what is

being said

references

Babe, R. E. & Potter, J. (2015). Media ownership. Retrieved from http://

www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/media-ownership/

Compaine, B. M., & Gomery, D. (2000). Who owns the media?: competition and
concentration in the mass media industry. Routledge.

Constantino, A. (2008). Media ownership and control in the Philippines takes a new
form. GroundReport. Retrieved from http://www.groundreport.com/mediaownership-and-control-in-the-philippines-takes-a-new-form/

Freedom House. (2015). Philippines. Retrieved from https://freedomhouse.org/

report/freedom-press/2015/philippines

FreePress.net. (n.d.). Who owns the media?. Retrieved from http://

www.freepress.net/ownership/chart

Peers, M. (2003). How media giants are reassembling the old oligopoly. The Wall
Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/
SB106357548527696300

Whittemore, J. (n.d.). Private vs. state-controlled media. Retrieved from http://

study.com/academy/lesson/private-vs-state-controlled-media.html

WorldReportNews.com. (n.d.). The world news problem. Retrieved from http://

www.worldreportnews.com/the-problem-and-solution.html