UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

ENROLLMENT NUMBER___________________
Examination: B.E. (CIVIL) VIII SEMESTER
Subject: Elective-IV (Solid Waste Management)
Subject Code: CE-4154 (B)

UIT-RGPV PS

Month: Dec., Year: 2015

Time: Three Hours
Maximum Marks: 100
Minimum Marks: 31
__________________________________________________________________________________
Instructions: (1) Answer all questions. One complete question from each unit, consists of parts
(a), (b), (c) are compulsory and part (d) have an internal choices. (2) The distribution of marks
for part a, b, c & d are 3, 3, 4 & 10 respectively in each unit. (3) Any missing data may be suitably
assumed, if any.

UNIT-I
Q (1): (a) Describe the problems associated with solid waste disposal.
(b) Enumerate and describe the characteristics of municipal solid waste.
(c) Define and classify the solid wastes. Describe the source of solid waste generator
and type of waste.
(d) Enumerate the methods to determine the generation rates of solid waste and explain
the factors affecting the generation rates.
OR
Estimate the energy content on dry and ash free dry basis of a solid waste sample with
the following compositions. Assume over all moisture and ash content of solid wastes
are 21% and 5% respectively.
Component
% by Wt.
Energy KJ/Kg

Food
waste
15
4650

Pape
r
45
1675
0

Card
board
10
16300

Plasti
c
10
32600

Garden
Wood
Trimming
10
05
6500
18600

Tin Cans
05
700

UNIT-II
Q [2]: (a) What are the ill effects of open dumping of solid waste?
(b)What are the methods of onsite storage and handling of solid waste?
(c) What are the factor to be considered in deciding the size and location of a
community bin?
(d) What are the various facilities that must be available at transfer station?
OR
What are the various points to be kept in mind while choosing the collection route of
vehicle to pick up solid waste?
UNIT-III
Q [3]: (a) Describe the reuse of materials from municipal solid waste.
(b) Describe the techniques of energy recovery from municipal solid waste.
(c) Write down the methods of disposal of solid waste.
1 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

(d) What are the differences between hauled container system and stationary container
system with a schematic diagram?
OR
Define the following terms: Incineration, Pyrolysis, and Gasification. What is the
difference among these processes?
UNIT-IV
Q [4]: (a) Why incineration is considered better than open burning?
(b) What do you understand by the term leachate? What problem are posed by leachate
and how would you overcome?
(c) Describe the various guidelines for selection of a landfill site.
(d) What is composting? Discuss various processes and phases of composting. Give the
different types of composting in use. Write about various factors which affect
composting.
OR
Write short notes on (i) Banglore method and (ii) Indore method of composting.
UNIT-V
Q [5]: (a) What are the various phases of operation of landfill? Draw the neat sketch of a
landfill.
(b) What do you understand by waste-to-energy technologies for municipal solid waste?
(c) Explain the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste.
(d) Draw the diagram of double liner system of landfill and explain the function of various
component.
OR
Explain with neat sketches, various vent system used to control the lateral movement of
gases in sanitary landfills.

2 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

ENROLLMENT NUMBER___________________
Examination: B.E. (CIVIL) VIII SEMESTER
Subject: Elective-IV (Solid Waste Management)
Subject Code: CE-4154 (B)

UIT-RGPV PS

Month: May-June, Year: 2015

Time: Three Hours
Maximum Marks: 100
Minimum Marks: 31
__________________________________________________________________________________
Instructions: (i) Answer all five questions. (ii) Attempt one complete question from each unit.
Each question carry equal marks. (iii) Any missing data may be suitably assumed, if any.
UNIT-I
Q (1): (a) Define and classify the solid wastes. Describe the source of solid waste generator and type of
waste.
(b) Enumerate and describe the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of solid waste.
OR
Q [2]: (a) Enumerate the methods to determine the generation rates of solid waste and explain the
factors affecting the generation rates.
(b) Estimate the energy content on dry and ash free dry basis of a solid waste sample with the following
compositions. Assume over all moisture and ash content of solid wastes are 21% and 5% respectively.
Component Food waste
% by Wt.
15
Energy
4650
KJ/Kg

Paper
45
16750

Card board
10
16300

Plastic Garden Trimming

10
10
32600 6500

Wood
05
18600

Tin Cans
05
700

UNIT-II
Q [3]: (a) Draw the step by step diagram of integrated solid waste management (ISWM) and explain
briefly the functional elements of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system.
(b) Describe in detail the methods of collection system with flow diagram and the type of vehicles used
for collection system.
OR
Q [4]: (a) What are the various points to be kept in mind while choosing the collection route of vehicle
to pick up solid waste?
(b) What are the various facilities that must be available at transfer station?
UNIT-III
Q [5]: (a) What are the differences between hauled container system and stationary container system
with a schematic diagram?
(b) The student population of college is 1500 and has 30 standard classrooms. Assuming a 5-day class
week with solid waste pickups on Wednesday and Friday before class starts in the morning, determine
the size of storage container required. Assume waste is generated at a rate of 0.11 kg/cap/day plus 3.6
kg per room and that the density of un-compacted waste is 120 kg/m 3. Standard container sizes (m 3)
are as follows: 1.5, 2.3, 3.0, and 4.6.
OR
Q [6]: (a) Define the following terms: Incineration, Pyrolysis, and Gasification. What is the difference
among these processes?
3 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)
(b) A total of 11 apartment complexes and commercial establishments have entered into a contract with
a solid waste collection firm to collect their solid waste. A 20 m3 vehicle is available for collection. The
discarded volume of solid wastes to be collected is 96 m3/week. If it is decided to have two collections
per week, how many trips are to be made on a collection day? Also determine the size of the container
to be provided. Assume that r = 2.5 and for simplicity, assume that each of the 11 sources contributes
the same amount of solid wastes. Make any essential assumptions if necessary.
UNIT-IV
Q [7]: (a) What is composting? Discuss various processes and phases of composting. Give the
different types of composting in use. Write about various factors which affect composting.
(b)Write short notes on any two of the following- (i) Recovery of energy and material (ii) Energy
generation from waste (iii) Techniques of energy recovery.
OR
Q [8]: (a) Explain with neat sketch, Banglore method and Indore method of composting.
(b) Using the information provided in the table below, calculate:
(i)
The overall recycling efficiency
(ii)
The composition of the generated and recycled wastes, and
(iii)
The volumetric reduction (%) in disposed wastes due to recycling.
Component
Disposed Waste
Recycle Efficiency, % Specific Weight,
Composition, % by weight by weight
kg/m3
Misc. Organics
19
25
166
Mixed Paper
30
30
86
Glass
20
50
196
Plastics
11
15
65
Metal
12
10
320
Miscellaneous
8
0
100
Sum
100.00
UNIT-V
Q [9]: (a) Explain the term sanitary land filling and how is it practiced? Draw a neat sketch and explain
the filling process adopted in such filling practices.
(b) What do you understand the term leachate? What problem are posed by leachate and how would
you overcome?
(c) Determine the area required for a new landfill site with a projected life of 20 years for a population of
1,50,000 generating 25 kg per household per week. Assume the density of waste is 500 kg/m 3. A
planning restriction limits the height of the landfill to 10 m.
OR
Q [10]: (a) List the various factors that must be considered in evaluating a potential landfill site.
(b) Explain with neat sketches, various vent system used to control the lateral movement of gases in
sanitary landfills.
(c) Determine the area and size of landfill required for a municipality with a population of 50,000. Given:
(i) Solid waste generation 1500 gm/person/day, (ii) Compacted density of solid waste in landfill 500
kg/m3, (iii) Average compacted depth of solid waste 3m.

4 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

ENROLLMENT NUMBER___________________
Examination: M.E. /M. Tech. (Environmental Engg.) II Semester
Subject: Solid Waste Management
Subject Code: MTEE- 203

Month: Dec., Year: 2015

Time: Three Hours
Maximum Marks: 70
Minimum Marks: 28

Note: Attempt any five questions. Each question carry equal marks.
Q[1]: (a) How would you segregate the solid waste and write down the requirements and
methods of separation of solid waste?
(b) Enumerate the methods to determine the generation rates of solid waste and explain
the factors affecting the generation rates.
Q[2]: (a) Enumerate and describe the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of
solid waste.
(b) Estimate the energy content on dry and ash free dry basis of a solid waste sample
with the following compositions. Assume over all moisture and ash content of solid
wastes are 21% and 5% respectively.
Component
% by Wt.
Energy KJ/kg

Food
waste
15
4650

Pape
r
45
1675
0

Card
board
10
16300

Plasti
c
10
32600

Garden
Wood
Trimming
10
05
6500
18600

Tin Cans
05
700

Q [3]: (a) Describe in detail the methods of collection system with flow diagram and the
type of vehicles used for collection system.
(b) What are the various facilities that must be available at transfer station?
Q [4]: (a) What are the various points to be kept in mind while choosing the collection
route of vehicle to pick up solid waste?
(b) Describe the reuse and recycling of solid waste materials.
Q [5]: (a) Explain in brief the various methods of disposal of solid wastes.
(b) What do you understand the term leachate? What problem are posed by leachate
and how would you overcome?

5 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

Q [6]: (a) What is composting? Discuss various processes and phases of composting.
Give the different types of composting in use. Write about various factors which affect
composting.
(b) Determine the area required for a new landfill site with a projected life of 20 years for
a population of 1,50,000 generating 25 kg per household per week. Assume the density
of waste is 500 kg/m3. A planning restriction limits the height of the landfill to 10 m.
Q [7]: (a) Narrate the rules are launched in India for Municipal Solid Waste
Management, CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India,
New Delhi, in 2000.
(b) Define the following terms: Incineration, Pyrolysis, and Gasification. What is the
difference among these processes?
Q [8]: Write short notes on the followings with their advantage and disadvantage
(i) Anaerobic digestion, (ii) Incineration, (iii) Refuse Derived Fuels

6 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

ENROLLMENT NUMBER___________________
Examination: M.E. /M.Tech.(Environmental Engg.) II Semester

Month: Dec., Year: 2015

Subject: Solid Waste Management

Time: Three Hours

Subject Code: MTEE- 203

Maximum Marks: 70
Minimum Marks: 28

Note: Attempt any five questions. Each question carry equal marks.
Q.1: (a) Draw the step by step diagram of integrated solid waste management (ISWM)
and explain briefly the functional elements of municipal solid waste management
(MSWM) system.
(b) Describe in detail the methods of collection system with flow diagram and the type of
vehicles used for collection system.
Q.2: (a) What are the methods of onsite storage and handling of solid waste?
(b) An area consisting of 400 houses contributes solid waste. Estimate the solid waste
generation rate, if the observation location is a local transfer station and period of
generation is one week. The waste is carried out in two types of vehicles viz. compactor
trucks and flat-bed trucks.
(i) Number of compactor truck load= 10, (ii) Number of flat-bed truck load= 20
(iii)Volume of each compactor truck= 15 m3, (iv) Volume of each flat-bed truck= 1.25 m3
(v) Density of waste of compactor truck= 295 kg/m 3, (vi) Density of waste of flat-bed
truck= 110 m3, (vii) Number of persons in each house= 6.
Q.3: (a) What are the differences between hauled container system and stationary
container system with a schematic diagram?
(b) The student population of college is 1500 and has 30 standard classrooms.
Assuming a 5-day class week with solid waste pickups on Wednesday and Friday before
7 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

class starts in the morning, determine the size of storage container required. Assume
waste is generated at a rate of 0.11 kg/cap/day plus 3.6 kg per room and that the density
of un-compacted waste is 120 kg/m3. Standard container sizes (m3) are as follows: 1.5,
2.3, 3.0, and 4.6.
Q.4: (a) What is transformation? Write down importance of waste transformation.
(b) A total of 11 apartment complexes and commercial establishments have entered into
a contract with a solid waste collection firm to collect their solid waste. A 20 m3 vehicle is
available for collection. The discarded volume of solid wastes to be collected is 96
m3/week. If it is decided to have two collections per week, how many trips are to be
made on a collection day? Also determine the size of the container to be provided.
Assume that r = 2.5 and for simplicity, assume that each of the 11 sources contributes
the same amount of solid wastes. Make any essential assumptions if necessary.
Q.5: (a) Explain the term sanitary land filling and how is it practiced? Draw a neat sketch
and explain the filling process adopted in such filling practices.
(b) Determine the area and size of landfill required for a municipality with a population of
50,000. Given: (i) Solid waste generation 1500 gm/person/day, (ii) Compacted density of
solid waste in landfill 500 kg/m3, (iii) Average compacted depth of solid waste 3m.
Q.6: (a) What is composting? Discuss various processes and phases of composting.
Write about various factors which affect composting.
(b) Discuss various acts, rules and legislations related to solid wastes management in
India.
Q. 7: (a) Describe the effects and improper disposal of solid waste on human health and
environment.
(b) What do you understand by Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technologies? Describe the
techniques of energy recovery from municipal solid waste.
Q. 8: Write short notes on the followings:
(i) Biochemical waste to energy technologies
(ii) Thermo-chemical waste to energy technologies

8 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL-462033, (M.P.)

MISCELENEOUS QUESTIONS ON SWM/MSWM/ISWM

(b) Describe the functional elements of solid waste management program.
(c) The student population of college is 1500 and has 30 standard classrooms. Assuming a 5-day class
week with solid waste pickups on Wednesday and Friday before class starts in the morning, determine
the size of storage container required. Assume waste is generated at a rate of 0.11 kg/cap.d plus 3.6 kg
per room and that the density of un-compacted waste is 120 kg/m3. Standard container sizes (m3) are
as follows: 1.5, 2.3, 3.0, and 4.6.
(d) What are the differences between hauled container system and stationary container system?
(e) A total of 11 apartment complexes and commercial establishments have entered into a contract with
a solid waste collection firm to collect their solid waste. A 20 m3 vehicle is available for collection. The
discarded volume of solid wastes to be collected is 96 m3/week. If it is decided to have two collections
per week, how many trips are to be made on a collection day? Also determine the size of the container
to be provided. Assume that r = 2.5 and for simplicity, assume that each of the 11 sources contributes
the same amount of solid wastes. Make any essential assumptions if necessary.
(a) Write down the hierarchy of solid waste management.
(b) Explain characteristics of municipal solid waste.
(c) Describe the effects and improper disposal of solid waste on human health and environment.
1
(b)Discuss various characteristics of municipal solid waste.
(a) Describe the classification of solid waste. What are the problems in solid waste disposal?
(c) Describe the type of vehicle and the requirement of vehicle for transportation of waste (16)

9 |2 P a g e S o l i d W a s t e M a n a g e m e n t [ ( E l e c t i v e - I V , C E 4154(B)]