FOOD

Food Means any article used as food or

drink for Human Consumption other

than Drug and also includes:
- Any article which enters or used in the
composition or preparation of food
- Any flavoring matter or condiments
- Any other article notified by the
Central Govt. e.g. Packaged Drinking
Water.
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Law of Land
No person shall manufacture,

sell, stock, distribute, Transport

or exhibit for sale any article of
food, including prepared, ready
to serve or irradiated food
except under a
license/Registration by FSSAI.

Food Safety Issues

Physical Hazards
Chemical Hazards
Biological Hazards
Adulteration Hazards

Global Food safety issues

Important Pillars of National Food Control System

Legislation/Regulation
Inspection
Testing (Backbone)/ Food Chemist

Enforcement

categories of food poisoning

1.Natural Food Poisoning
This is caused by type of plant and fish that are
toxin to humans
E.g. rhubarb leaves, poisonous mushroom,
puffer, fish.
2.Chemical Food Poisoning
This is caused by chemicals accidentally or
negligently getting into food.
E.g. Overuse of insecticides, cleaning
agents, heavy metal contamination of fish
from industrial areas.

Continued------------ 3. Bacterial Food Poisoning

Five most common bacterial poisoning are:
1. Salmonella-infection
2. Staphylococcus aureus-intoxication
3. Clostridium perfringens-infection and

intoxication
4. Bacillus cereus- infection and intoxication
5. Vibrio parahaemolyticus- infectio
4. Viral Food borne Infection
Viruses are transported by the food to the human
body and then multiply. e.g. hapatitis A,
gastroenteritis

FOOD SAFETY COMPLIANCE

Safe food is essential to your

business's success, as your

customers will expect that
your food products are safe.
The promotion of food safety,

including by assisting food

premises to handle food
safely, remains a key priority
under the Food Act.

HOTEL/ RESTAURANTS

MITIGATION STRATEGY
Large number and variety of
customers ( domestic/
international)
Specialized Menu
Working round the clock
Cross-contamination occurs when
fresh food is prepared or stored on
the same surface as spoiled food

Access controls at entry of kitchens

Police verification of all hotel staff and
even vendors entering into the premises
Scanning system for guest and food/
other commodities entering in the hotel
CCTV camera
Keeping the food at the right temperature
to avoid the "temperature danger zone."

Food Testing
1. Testing: To do something in order to discover

that Food Product is safe, meets the

requirements of standard and implied needs
2. Analysis: To study or examine Food Product in
detail to discover more about its quality and
safety
3. Inspection: Look at Food Product including
label carefully that everything is correct and legal
4. Sampling: A sample which is representative of a
lot/consignment

FOOD SAFETY RISK

Food safety risk analysis is
essential
To produce
Manufacture the highest quality
goods and products to ensure
safety and protect public health
Comply with international and
national standards and market
regulations.

RISK ANALYSIS
"A process consisting of three
components: risk management, risk
assessment, and risk communication."
Risk management tool for the

controlof Campylobacter and

Salmonella in chicken meat.
Risk assessment of Cronobacter spp. in
powdered infant formula.
Microbiological sampling plan analysis
tool.
Mycotoxin Sampling Tool.

FOOD STANDARDS ENFORCING

AGENCIES

FSSAI
BIS
AGMARK (DMI)
Essential Commodities Act, 1954
Cold Storage Order, 1980
Standards on Weights & Measures Act, 1976 (Packaged
Commodities) Rules, 1977
Export(Quality Control & Inspection) Act, 1963
Consumer Protection Act, 1986
APEDA
MPEDA
Commodity Boards

CEGTH-Credentials
NABL (National Accreditation Board For Testing and

Calibration Laboratories) Accredited

BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) Approved
FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India)
Notified
MSME (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises), GOI
National Award 2012

INSTRUMENTS
AT
CEGTH

LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS
Deep freezer

HPLC
Karl Fisher Titrator
High speed centrifuge
LC-MS/MS

ELISA
Platinum basin
Autoclave
BOD incubator

UV Vis
spectrophotometer

LABORATORY
INSTRUMENTS

Membrane filtration
apparatus
Kjeldahl digestion system
Butryo refractometer
Laminar air flow
Air handling units
Hot air oven
Microscope
Circulating water bath
Rotary evaporator
GC-MS/MS

LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS AND

FACILITIES
Centrifuge

Deep freezer
pH meter
Incubator
Fume hood

Colony counter
Microscope
AAS
Millipore water

filtration system

LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS

Biosafety cabinet
SPE system
Turbo evaporator
Melting point apparatus
Florimeter
ICP-MS
AAS

HIGH END INSTRUMENTS

1. AAS (ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER )

2. ICP-MS (NDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA

MASS SPECTROMETER)
3. LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatograph-Mass)
4. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared)
5. GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatograph-Mass)

APPLICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
Pesticide analysis with GC/MS & LC/MS
Residue analysis with GC/MS & LC/MS
Nutritional analysis with HPLC & LC/MS
Trace metal analysis with ICP-MS & AAS
Material Identification with FTIR
Environmental analysis with GC/MS

1.ANALYSIS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION

SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Heavy metal and toxic element
estimation in:
Potable water
Packaged Drinking water ( other than
packaged Natural Mineral Water)
Packaged Drinking water

Packaged Natural Mineral Water

Waste water
Stack Emission , Ambient Air
Fruits, Vegetable, Iodized salt,.

2.ANALYSIS BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED

PLASMA
MASS
SPECTROMETRY
Estimation Carcinogenic and Toxic Heavy

Metal (ppb level) in

Drinking water
Waste water
Stack Emission , Ambient Air
Fruits, Vegetable, Iodized salt,.
Estimation of Mineral in Fruits,
Ayurvedic and herbal products
Mineral Water
Paustik Atta and Fortified atta
And many more

HEAVY METALS AND MINERALS

Sugar & sugar Product

Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Mercury
Copper
Zinc
Nickel
Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium

Nuts & Resins product

Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Mercury
Copper
Zinc
Nickel

Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium

Oil,Fat & Related product

Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Mercury
Copper
Zinc
Nickel
Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium

3. ANALYTES TESTED BY LC-MS/MS AND GC-MS/MS

Milk & Milk Product
Pesticides Residues
Saffrole
Agaric Acid
FAME
PCB
PAH
Total Aflatoxin
Sudan Dye
Agaric Acid
Cereal & Cereal

Products

Pesticides Residues
Safrole
Agaric Acid
FAME

Total Aflatoxin
Sudan Dye
Agaric Acid
Ready to eat
Pesticides Residues
Safrole
Agaric Acid
FAME
Total Aflatoxin
Sudan Dye
Agaric Acid
Pesticides Residues
PCB
PAH

4. ANALYSIS OF ANALYTES BY FTIR

Estimation of mineral oil in

water
Identification of Material
Estimation of fat in butter

Identification of unknown

sample( solid/liquid)

CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL

TESTING
1. FSSAI REQUIREMENT
2. WATER TESTING
3. FOOD TESTING

1.1.FSSAI REQUIREMENT
Test for metal contamination
Test for crop contamination
Naturally occurring toxic

substances
Test for cereals
Test for pesticides and
insecticides
Test for antibiotics and
pharmacologically active
substances
Test for fish and fish products
Test for meat and meat products
Microbiological test for milk
products

1.2.FSSAI REQUIREMENT
Microbiological test for food

products
Test for spices and condiments
Tests for edible oil
Test for preservation
Test for melamine
Drinking water
Packaged drinking water
Mineral water
Environmental testing analysis
Swab test analysis
Crop contaminants analysis

2. WATER TESTING
Organoleptic , physical and chemical analysis
Heavy metal , PAH, PCB, Trihalomethane and
pesticide analysis
Microbiological analysis

a.ORGANOLEPTIC ,PHYSICAL AND

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Packaged Drinking Water ( IS 14543:2004)
Packaged Natural Mineral Water( IS 13428:2005)
Drinking Water ( IS 10500:2012)
Process water (IS: 4251))
Bore well water
Swimming pool (IS: 3328)

Sewage treatment plant ( STP) Water

b. ANALYSIS OF
HEAVY METALS,
PAH, PCB,
Trihalomethane
AND PESTICIDE

c. MICROBIAL ANALYSIS IN WATER

SAMPLES
Isolation, Detection and Identification of Microorganisms in Water Samples
The microbiological quality of water is assessed.
The microorganisms identified include

E. coli
Total Coliform
Faecal coliform
Faecal streptococci
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Sulphite reducing bacteria
Salmonella
Shigella
Yeast and mould count
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Aerobic microbial count
Legionella
Listeria

3. FOOD TESTING
Various incidence of contaminated food like Beef, Pork and Poultry , Milk,

Cheese and Butter , Strawberries, Raspberries and Cherries , Apples and

Pears ,Tomatoes, Potatoes

Testing for presence of harmful chemicals and microorganisms in food

causing consumer illness.

Sources of contamination

1.Agrochemicals
2.Environmental contaminants
3. Pesticides and carcinogens
4.Rodent Hair and excreta in food
5. Processing contaminants
6. Microorganisms

a.MICROBIOLOGICAL TESTING IN
FOOD SAMPLES
Basic as well as advanced
microbiological analysis, detection and
identification in various food samples.

b.MAJOR BACTERIAL PATHOGENS IN

FOOD

Aspergillus niger
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium sp.
Clostridium perfringens
Escherichia coli
Lactobacillus casei
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Listeria monocytogenes
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Salmonella sp.
Shigella flexneri
Streptococcus sp.
Streptococcus thermophilus
Vibrio cholera
Vibrio parahaemolyticus

c. RESIDUE ANALYSIS
Residue chemistry

Fruits
Vegetables
Sea food
Cereals
Honey

Milk & Milk

products
Guar gum etc.

Pesticide residues
Organo chlorine pesticides
Organo phosphorus
Synthetic Pyrethroids
Carbamates
Triazines
Pentachloro phenol

Antibiotic residues
Chloramphenicol
Nitro furans
Sulphanomides
Tetracycline's

NUTRITIONAL LABELING
ANALYSIS
d.

Determination of Vitamins by HPLC

Vitamin A

Vitamin E

Vitamin D2,

Vitamin D3

Vitamin B1

Vitamin B2

Vitamin B3

Vitamin B5

Vitamin B6

Folic acid

Cyanocobalamin

VARIOUS PRODUCTS UNDER NABL

SCOPE OF TESTING AND ANALYSIS
Food and agriculture products testing

Milk and dairy products

Cereals and pulses and by products
Bakery and confectionary
Sugar and sugar byproduct
Nuts , raisins and dry fruits
Food additives
Processed food, animal feed and pet food
Oil, fat and related products
Pesticide residue in milk , food grains, vegetables and oils ,Oil seeds and by products

Water testing
IS 14543
IS 10500
IS 13428
IS 4251
IS 3328
IS 456
Waste water

Food & Agriculture Testing

a. Milk and Dairy products
PRODUCTS :
Packaged Pasteurized milk
Condensed Milk, Partly Skimmed and
Skimmed Condensed Milk
Paneer
Khoa
Pasteurized Butter
Butter Oil (Ghee)
Cream
Infant milk substitutes
PARAMETERS TESTED :
Nutritional profiling and proximate analysis ,
microbiological, adulterants, heavy metals,
NOTS, Aflatoxin ,Vitamins and pesticide
residue

Food & Agriculture Testing

b. Cereals , Pulses and By products
PRODUCTS :

Atta and fortified atta

Maida

Fortified atta

Semolina (Suji)

Wheat flour

Besan

Wheat

Maize

Bjara

Rice

Pulses
PARAMETERS TESTED :
Physical, Nutritional profiling and
proximate analysis , microbiological,
heavy metals, Aflatoxin , NOTS,
Vitamins and pesticide residue

Food & Agriculture Testing

c. Bakery and confectionary
products
PRODUCTS :

Biscuits
Bread
Namkin
Wafers
PARAMETERS TESTED :
Nutritional profiling and
proximate analysis ,
microbiological and heavy
metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

d. Sugar and By products
PRODUCTS :
Sweet
Sugar boiled confectionary
Milk toffes
Butter toffess
Lozenges
Chewing gum
Bubble gum
Ice candy
Sweetning agent
Sugar misri
Dextrose
Golden syrup
Dried glucose syrup
Raw sugar
Cube sugar
Refined sugar

PARAMETERS TESTED :
Nutritional profiling and proximate analysis ,
microbiological and heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

e. Nuts , Raisin and dry fruits
PRODUCTS :
Almond
Peanuts
Pista
Walnuts
Nut-meg
Beetle nut

PARAMETERS TESTED :

Physical , Nutritional profiling

and proximate analysis and
heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

f. Food additives
PRODUCTS :
Guar gum

PARAMETERS TESTED :
Nutritional profiling and
proximate analysis and
heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

f. Processed food , animal food and pet food
PRODUCTS :
Bakery and confectionary products
Processed and canned food
Nutritional supplements
Milk and milk products
Nuts and products
Sugar and sugar products
Ready to eat foods
Infant food
Traditional snacks
Dehydrated products
Frozen products
PARAMETERS TESTED :

Nutritional profiling and proximate analysis

vitamins and heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

g. Oil , fat and related products
PRODUCTS :
Mustard oil
Soyabean oil
Olive oil
Coconut oil
Cotton seed oil
Ground nut oil
PARAMETERS TESTED :
Nutritional profiling, proximate
analysis, aflatoxins,
adulterants, pesticides and
heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

h. Spices and Condiments

Turmeric powder

Chilli powder

Edible common salt

Iodized salt

PARAMETERS TESTED :
Proximate , adulterants,
pesticides and heavy metals

Food & Agriculture Testing

i. Alcoholic Drinks & Beverages

Beer
Whiskey
Rum
Gin
Vodka
Brandies

PARAMETERS TESTED :
Proximate and heavy metals

CEG Test House and Research

Center Pvt. Ltd.

CEG Test House And Research Centre Pvt.

Ltd.
B-11(G), Malviya Industrial Area
Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017 INDIA
http://cegtesthouse.com