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En el campo de la refrigeracin domstica, son los refrigerantes del tipo CFC (Cloro
Fluoro Carbonados), quienes poseen el mayor poder destructivo de la capa de
ozono, para solucionar este problema mayormente se opta por sustituir en forma
total el sistema con tecnologas que utilizan refrigerantes ecolgicos. El Per, as
como otros pases en vas de desarrollo tiene un alto porcentaje de usuarios que
cuentan con refrigeradoras domsticas que todava operan con refrigerante R-12, a
pesar de la existencia de la normativa internacional que obliga utilizar solamente
refrigerantes ecolgicos.
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ABSTRACT
The refrigerants CFC (Cloro Fluoro Carbon) are the most destructive force of the
ozone layer in the household refrigeration field. Usually, it chooses to replace the
system by technologies which use ecological refrigerants to solve this problem. Peru
has a high percent of users who have household refrigerators like others countries
that have policies of development. These refrigerators still operate by the refrigerant
R-12 in spite of the existence of the international regulation which obliges to use
only ecological refrigerants.
Our country cannot replace the refrigerants CFC by ecological refrigerants because
of socioeconomic lower class of the users who buy household refrigerators.
Therefore, the investigation of this thesis shows experimentally that the most
suitable solution according environmental, economic and energy point of view is the
conversion or substitution the refrigerant together with the suitable technical
adjustment of the system.
The used methodology in the process of investigation of the thesis applies the
following procedure:
. It has been carried the preparation of the experimental equipment of refrigeration in
the instrumentation.
. It has been carried out the calibration properly.
. It has been carried out the change of the faulty components.
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It has been concluded that the system that uses the ecological refrigerant (R-134a)
shows a better efficiency, consumes less power by comparison with the system that
uses the refrigerant R-12 comparing the results obtained from the energy point of
view.
The methodology used in the thesis consists in:
. Carry out the preparation of the experimental equipment of refrigeration in the
instrumentation.
. Carry out the calibration properly.
. Carry out the change of the faulty components.
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