AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT INTENSITY

CONTROLL BASED ON TRAFFIC MOVEMENT IN

HIGHWAYS
Abstract:
The Embedded Technology is now in its prime and the wealth of Knowledge available
is mind-blowing. Embedded System is a combination of hardware and software. The project is
designed to detect vehicle movement on highways to switch on only a block of street lights ahead of the
vehicle, and to dim the trailing lights to save energy. This proposed system provides a solution for energy
saving achieved by sensing an approaching vehicle, and then to switch on a block of street lights ahead of
the vehicle. As the vehicle passes by, the trailing lights get dim automatically by Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) with the help of the microcontroller. High intensity discharge lamps (HID) presently used for
urban street lighting are based on the principle of gas discharge wherein the light intensity cannot be
controlled. Light Emitting Diode (LED) based lamps are soon replacing the HID lamps in street lights.
The intensity of LED lights can be controlled by using PWM. To prevent errors or any
communication between lampposts we can use zigbee wireless protocol as a backup
.And also with respective direction and with respective path we need to letting glow
the lights and make to helpful to the vehicles .Maintain the lights intensity conroll
according to their speed of the vehicles

Introduction:
. Embedded technology plays a major role in integrating the various functions associated
with it. This needs to tie up the various sources of the Department in a closed loop system. This
proposal greatly reduces the manpower, saves time and operates efficiently without human
interference. This project puts forth the first step in achieving the desired target. With the advent
in technology, the existing systems are developed to have in built intelligence. Maintain wireless
communication among lamppost control terminals using zigbee protocol

Existing System

Proposed System

In the existing system, the street lights

are switched on and off manually by
the officer.
This involves a disadvantage in the way
that at many times the public forget to

We propose a new intelligent system to

control the street light depending upon
environment light intensity.
To maintain communication between
lamps by using zigbee wireless protocol

switch it OFF. This is overcome in our

proposed system.

as abackup
The LDR sensor is used to detect the

Drawbacks of existing system:

environment light intensity

Complex circuit
Manual intervention needed
Energy losses

Advantage of proposed system:

No need of Human intervention

Fully automated & Power saving
Fast response
Easy to install

Working principle:

In our proposed system, we make use of the property of LDR, which is its resistance
varies with respective to the light intensity. In our proposed system the night and day is identified
using LDR. In addition we are going to provide the wheather(climate) information for letting to
know how to perform according to the time . This information is transferred to the
microcontroller which in turn decides whether it is day or night or the light intensity is less or
enough and switches on or off the street light. With in this microcontroller we will generate

pulse width modulation(pwm) to control the dimness or brighter based on the duty
cycle (is defined as the ratio between the pulse duration and the period

of a rectangular

waveform.)percentage.With the help of the Array IR sensors we can make a easy path for
glowing the lights with out making any mistakes and confusions.In rainy season also we can
provide best performance by providing rain guard sensor.

Block Diagram

SOLAR PANEL

Power
Supply

PIC Micro
Controller

WIND TURBINE

MOSFET

LDR Sensor

RAIN Sensor

LED array

LCD

Hardware Requirements:
PIC Microcontroller with power supply

 SOLAR PANEL
WIND TURBINE
LED array
LDR sensor

Ir array sensors
zigbee
LCD
MOSFET

Software Requirements:
KEIL compiler.
Embedded C.

Standards followed:
1) Infrared Data Association (IrDA) protocol for infrared communication
2) PWM Pulse Width Modulation

3)zigbee wireless protocal

Realistic constraints:

Maintaining the correct intensity of Light Emitting Diodes.

Minimizing errors in IR sensor operation. Inaccurate vehicle sensing can cause problems on the
road as the light intensities may vary. The infrared rays are not visible to human eyes and the IR
transmitters and receivers must be in line of sight.