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Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan,
250061 P.R. China. E-mail: sunrenjuan@sdu.edu.cn
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Senior Engineer, Shandong Heritage Highway Materials Technologies, IIC , 3366# Jingshi Dong
Road, Jinan, 250011 P.R. China.917757290@qq.com
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Senior Engineer, Jinan Bureau of Highway Administration, 1# Jiefang Dong Road, Jinan, 250100 P.R.
China, E-mail: 1228701686@qq.com
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Master degree committer, School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road,
Jinan, 250061 P.R. China. E-mail: 492018366@qq.com
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For the dense grade mixture AC20 production, the coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
and filler used are crushed from limestone were used. The property of the aggregate is
illustrated in Table 3 and the gradation is shown in Table 4.
Table 1. MAC and EWMA properties
Item
Criteria
35~60
Penetration (25100g5s; 0.1mm)
MAC
7.55
0.54
Softening point ()
65~75
500
71
550
Flash Point ()
Density (25; g/cm )
245
NA
260
1.03
Solubility (%)
99
660~1225
99.5
780
245
260
NA
0.968
515~605
577
EWMA
Measured
43.73
44
9.8
15
2.723
0.939
5
6.5
Item
Sieve size
(mm)
Upper
limit
Lower
limit
Blend
5
0.2
26.5
19
16
13.2
9.5
4.75
2.36
1.18
0.6
0.3
0.15
0.075
100
100
95
86
70
48
33
23
16
11
100
90
83
73
56
35
22
15
10
100
95.34
89.2
80.38
62.43
38.32
23.31
16.02
11.27
7.66
6.09
2.00
The Marshall design method was used in the research and 4.3% weight ratio to the
total mixture was determined as the MAC content. Besides the MAC without EWMA,
EWMA-MAC with three dosage of EWMA 0.4%, 0.7%, and 1% were mixed with the
same aggregate to produce AC20.
Effects of EWMA on MAC Mixture Properties at Decreased Compaction
Temperatures
In order to analyze the effects of EWMA on the compaction properties of MAC
mixture at decreased compaction temperatures, specimens mixed at 180 were
compacted at 170, 155, 140, and 125 respectively. Marshall tests were run
on the specimens and the curves of volume of air voids are shown in Fig. 1. We can
see from the curves, the slopes of MAC with EWMA are smaller than that of EWMAMAC. This trend means EWMA can improve the compaction property of MAC
mixture. With the decease of compaction temperature, the air void of mixture with
0.7% EWMA increases slightly and is much less than those of other three mixtures.
The result illustrates 0.7% dosage of EWMA can be determined as the additive
content for the decreased compaction.
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Before
Freezingthaw group
TSR (%)
0% EWMA
compacted at
170
1.05
0.7% EWMA
compacted at
155
1.09
0.7% EWMA
compacted at
140
1.06
0.7% EWMA
compacted at
125
1.01
0.84
0.94
0.86
0.81
81
86.24
81.13
80.20
Immersion Marshall tests were run on the specimens to measure the residual stability
under immersion condition. The testing results as shown in Fig.2 illustrate that the
residual stabilities of EWMA-MAC mixtures compacted at 155 and 140 are
higher than that of MAC mixture compacted at 170. The residual stability of
EWMA-MAC mixture compacted at 125 is lower than that of MAC mixture.
The good water sensibilities of EWMA-MAC mixture result from the EWMA acting
as a bridge between the asphalt binder and the aggregate surface, promoting adhesion
and resisting the action of water.
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RB (MPa)
SB (MPa)
1962
8.56
4748
2612
7.99
3504
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Measured
Specification
Compaction
degree
%
96
93
Roughness
maximum
clearancemm
4.1
5
Roughness
Standard
deviationmm
1.33
1.8
water permeability
coefficient
Ml/min
215
300
[2] Yongjun Chen (2011). Mechanism and Performance of Modified Asphalt with
MAC. Highway Engineering. 36(2): 187-191.
[3] Sheng Zhao, Baoshan HuangXiang Shu, Mark Woods (2013). Comparative
evaluation of warm mix asphalt containing high percentages of reclaimed asphalt
pavement. Construction and Building Materials. 44:92-100
[4] Shandong Bureau of Quality Supervision (2010). Technical Specifications for
Skeleton Dense Asphalt Mixtures (DB37/T 1724-2010).
[5] Newcomb D .(2005). An introduction to warm mix asphalt. National Asphalt
Pavement Association (NAPA). <http://fs1.hotmix.org/mbc/Introductionto
_Warm-mix_Asphalt.pdf> [accessed 08.08.07].
[6] Li Zhengzhong, Wei, Ruxi, Song Xiaoyan, Matao (2013). Two-Stage Design
Method for the Evotherm Warm-Mix Asphalt Mixtures Journal of Chongqing
University (Natural Science) Vol. 32 (4)::610-613.
[7] NCHRP (2011.). Mix design practices for warm mix asphalt. National
cooperative highway research program report 691. Washington (DC):
Transportation Research Board;
[8] Ministry of Transport of the Peoples Republic of China (2011). Standard Test
Methods of Bitumin and Bituminous Mixtures for Highway Engineering JTG
E20-2011.
[9] Ministry of Transport of the Peoples Republic of China (2004). Technial
Specifications for Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavements, JTG F40-2004.
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