Sei sulla pagina 1di 3

35

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Williams J, Cook P, Isaacson K, Thom A. Alat-alat Ortodonsi Cekat (Prinsip dan


Pratik). Alih Bahasa : Budi Susetyo. Jakarta : EGC. 2012 : 47.
2. Cassidy KM, Edward F, Elizabeth A, Robert G. Genetic influenceon dental arch
form. J Angle Orthod. 1998 ;68 (5):445-54.
3. Lavelle CLB, Foster TD, Flinn RM. Dental arches in various ethnic groups. J
Angle Orthod. 1971 ; 41(4) :293-9.
4. Nazruddin. Perbedaan ukuran lebar lengkung gigi dan lebar lengkung alveolar
maloklusi klas II divisi 1 dan klas I oklusi normal. Tesis. Medan ;Universitas
Sumatera Utara: 2009 : 1.
5. Foster TD. Buku ajar ortodonti. Alih bahasa : Lilian Yuwono. Jakarta :EGC. 1997
:7-15,45-9,60-3,108-27.
6. Raberin M, Laumon B, Martin JL, Bruner F.Dimension and form of dental arches
in with normal occlusion. Am J Orthod and Dentofac Orthod. 1993 ; 104:67-72.
7. Hasibuan MK. Ukuran dan bentuk lengkung gigi rahang bawah pada mahasiswa
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Skripsi. Medan
;Universitas Sumatera Utara:2007 : 1-2.
8. Muhammad A, Hassan M, Hussain S. Dental arch dimension of malay ethnic
group. Am J of Applied Science. 2011 ; 8(11) :1061-3.
9. Thu KM, Winn T, Abdullah N, Jayasinghe JAP, Chandima GL. The maxillary
arch and its relationship tocephalometric landmarks of selected malay ethnic
group. Malaysian J of Med Sciences. 2005 ; 12 (1) :19-38.
10. Anwar N, Fida M. Clinical Applicability of Variations in Arch Dimension and
Arch Forms among Various Vertical Facial Pattern. J of the College of
Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2011 ; 21 (11) :685-6.
11. Daldjoeni N. Ras-ras Umat Manusia. Bandung:Citra Aditya Bakti. 1991:189-191.

Universitas Sumatera Utara

36

12. Hamilah DK, Ary I, Isnani J. Tumbuh Kembang Kraniodentofasial. Jakarta:


Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Trisakti. 2004 : 91-4.
13. Rahardjo P. Ortodonti dasar. Surabaya : Airlangga University Press. 2009 :12-3.
14. Sarworini BB. Perubahan dan Karakteristik Lengkung Gigi selama Periode
Tumbuh Kembang serta Faktor yang Mempengaruhi. JITEKGI. 2003 : 1(2) :73-7.
15. Samir E, Bishara, Jakobsen JR, Treder J, Nowak A. Arch length changes from 6
weeks to 45 years. J Angle Orthod .1998 ; 68(1) :69-73.
16. Lindsten R, Ogaard B, Larsson E, Bjerklin K. Transverese dental and dental arch
depth dimensions in the mixed dentition in a skeletal sample from the 14th to the
19th century and Norwegian children and Norwegian sami children of today. J
Angle Orthod. 2002 ;72(5):439-47.
17. Aznar T, Galan AF, Marin I, Dominguez A. Dental arch diameters and
relationships to oral habits. J Angle Orthod. 2006 ; 76(3) :441-5.
18. Foster CM, Sunga E, Chung CH. Relationship between dental arch width and
vertical facial morphology in untreated adults. European Journal of Orthodontics.
2008 : 288-94.
19. Kiliaridis S, Georgiakaki I, Katsaros C. Masseter muscle thickness and maxillary
dental arch width. European Journal of Orthodontics. 2003 : 259-63.
20. Noroozi H, Tahereh HN, Saeeda R. The dental arch form revisited. J Angle
Orthod. 2001 ; 71(5) :386-9.
21. Koesoemahardja HD, Nasution FH, Trenggono BS. Antropologi untuk
Mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi. Jakarta : Universitas Trisakti. 2005 :41-9.
22. Nuraini C. Permukiman Suku Batak Mandailing. Yogyakarta : Gadjah Mada
University Press. 2004 : 19.
23. Olmez S, Dogan S. Comparison of the arch forms and dimension in various
malocclusions of the Turkish population. Open Jof Stomatology. 2011 ; 1 : 1586.
24. Noroozi H. A formula to determine the amount of retraction of mandibular
canines. J Angle Orthod. 2000 ;70(2) :154-6.
25. Desi FK, Sylvia M, Kristiani S. Hubungan lebar mesiodistal gigi insisif dengan
lengkung gigi pada kasus berdesakan interior. Jurnal PDGI 2007 ; 50 (2) : 52-5.

Universitas Sumatera Utara

37

26. Nojima K, Mclaughlin RP, Isshiki Y, Sinclair PM. A Comparative Study of


Caucasian and Japanese Mandibular Clinical Arch Forms. J Angle Orthod.
2001: 71 (3) : 195-200.
27. Agnihotri G, Gulati M. Maxillary molar and premolar indices in North Indians :
A Dimorphic Study. The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology.2008; 2 (1).

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Potrebbero piacerti anche