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Abrar Maheer
governs the workings of the body. Deeming it a category mistake Ryle explains
that they are not different forms of existence but rather different senses of
existence. It is evident with HAL that his physical components itself are his source of
intelligence which extends onto space and is divisible. Contrary to Rene Descartes
take on dualism, when HAL is shut off his mind ceases to exist along with his
physical self.
If we were to consider David Humes principle of causality, the state of superman
can never be reached. Man can be labeled as the cause of the superman. However,
because causality was not something which could be empirically measured and
observed, causality does not exist. Instead, there is only the expectation that one
event will follow another and we can obtain a sequence of events from this. As a
result, the superman cannot be caused by man but can only be perceived as such.
Nevertheless, the superman is reached at the end of 2001. In the final scenes, the
astronaut, David Bowman, lies on his deathbed. He wills the superman into
existence before expiring. The Nietzschean idea could be summarized as mankind's
struggle to reach an Ideal, the perfect being.