Caloocan Campus

College of Engineering
EE Department

EXPERIMENT # 6
Three Phase Motors

Instructor: ENGR. ANTONIO C. REBONG

Name: HERRERA, MARK KENNETH R.

Student number: 20111128871

Subject and Section: NEE 419 1ECM

Date Performed: March 02, 2016

Date Submitted: March 09, 2016

LIST OF INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT AND THEIR

DESCRIPTION

o Transformer Module (EMS 8341)

- Provides isolated and Step-down 120/208/240 V AC outputs.
o AC Voltmeter
- A device that measures the (peak) oscillating current I0 across a
large resistor R0 that is attached to leads whose tips, 1 and 2, may
be connected to some other circuit.
o DC Voltmeter
- A DC voltmeter measures the current passing between two
points. The normal use of a voltmeter is to check the power in an
electrical circuit.
o Connecting Wires
- An adaptor used to effectively bring together dissimilar connectors.

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. State the primary requirements for a revolving magnetic field to
develop.
o The stator windings should be displaced by 120 degrees in time
and in space.
2. Why are AC motors not recommended in applications that require
speed control?

o Because AC motor speed control is more sophisticated than DC

motors, for AC motors a variable frequency supply is required to
be able to control the speed of an AC motor, which is expensive
and not all can afford a variable frequency supply.
3. Is it possible for induction motors to run at synchronous speed? If no,
explain your answer.
o No, because of the induced opposing current in the rotor of the
induction motor due to the secondary windings being short
circuited.
4. Explain the manner in which the direction of rotation of a three-phase
motor is reversed.
o The direction of any three-phase motor can be reversed by
interchanging the sequence of the charging of the stator coils,
which is achieved by interchanging any two leads of the theephase supply.
5. In your own words, explain the operation of induction motors from
starting to running at no load.
o At starting condition, the induction motor requires high current to
initiate rotation, which in return develops torque from zero to
maximum torque, as the rotor increases its speed of rotation
approaching the state of no load condition the current decreases
to minimum, torque decreases but not a big amount of change.
6. Define the following:
o Motor at no-load condition.
- Motors at no-load conditions have maximum speed since
there is no mechanical load to be driven by the motor.

o Motor at full-load condition.

- Motors at full-load conditions have minimum speed and
torque to maintain the rotating motion of the motor.
o Motor under overload condition.
- Motors under overload condition is a state when a motor is
driving a load developing higher torque more than the rotor,
at some moment in time the motor will stop.
o Developed torque by the motor.
- Developed torque is the range of torque the motor can
generate from zero to maximum; it is the ability or power of
the motor to drive mechanical loads.
o Applied torque to the motor.
- Applied torque takes place when there is a mechanical load
connected to the motor, it is defined as the force that the load
generates which opposes the developed torque of a motor.
o Maximum torque of a motor.
- Maximum torque is the highest or most extreme torque that a
motor can develop and still function properly under full-load
conditions.

DISCUSSION
For this experiment, we are able to understand the principle behind the
operation of three phase motors, to know the factors affecting the speed of
three phase motors, and see how the direction of rotation of three phase
motors can be reversed.

An electric motor converts electrical energy into a mechanical energy

which is then supplied to different types of loads. A.c. motors operate on an
a.c. supply, and they are classified into synchronous, single phase and 3
phase induction, and special purpose motors. Out of all types, 3 phase
induction motors are most widely used for industrial applications mainly
because they do not require a starting device. A 3 phase induction
motor derives its name from the fact that the rotor current is induced by the
magnetic field, instead of electrical connections. The operating principle of
a 3 phase induction motor is based on the production of r.m.f.

CONCLUSION
After doing the experiment, I conclude that a three phase induction
motor runs on a three phase AC supply. 3 phase induction motors are
extensively used for various industrial applications because of their
advantages that it have very simple and rugged construction or almost

unbreakable, it is very reliable and having low cost, it have high efficiency
and good power factor, it and also 3 phase induction motor is self
starting hence extra starting motor or any special starting arrangement is
not required. But it has some disadvantages like the speed decreases with
increase in load (just like DC shunt motor) and if speed is to be varied, we
have sacrifices some of its efficiency.

REFERENCES
http://www.electricaleasy.com/
http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/