CONSTRUCTION

DETAILS
OF
ISOKINETIC SOURCE-SAMPLINGEQUIPMENT
INTRODUCTION
The

following

local

air

This

equipment

U. S.

Environmental

In

pollution

a field

malfunctions.

and

Operation--the

i
.

_ riety

A
for

the

ideas

and

been

*Formerly

order

own

bee n used

-4gencys

Air

Pollution

for

two

24-hour

No.

APTD-0576,

run

Publication

- __

that

interested

persons

ilp

eqk&pment.

source-Sam;

has

was

becomes

in

2Li.r

of.---. Is okine$c-Source-Sampling
-_.- -. _ -._-.-.

since

1967

by

employees

Control

Office

periods

EruI->ment,

is

of the
(APCO).

without

Maintenance
----..

in

encountering

_-- ?.- Calibration,

.______.

recommended

for

use

tests

on

operational.

experiences

of numero:.s

contributed

to the

satisfactory

in most

people,

design

gained

of this

instances,

this

from

many

equipment.

Although

equipment,

like

permost,

can

improved.
similar

set

approximately

meter

equipment

prepared
builu

and

Protection

APCO

has

be

might

designeJ

of sources,

iormance
still

was

equipment

The

aas

agencies

test,

any

when

discussion

box,

of equipment
$2,200

umbilical

the

Nationai

is

! 1 3y7

cord,

Air

available

p-ice).

srmple

Pollution

box

commercially.
The

commercial

with

glassware,

Control

Administration.

It
package
and

is being
includes

a probe.

marketed
the

METER BOX CONSTRUCTION

WOOD PARTS
Cut
wood

out

the

according

of casein
Cut

out

and

glue

and

the

nail

them

l/2-inch-thick

insertion

of the
the

head

screws.

holes

according

some

of the

the

frame

from

Table

exterior
1 and

these

three

assembly.

inside

of the

Apply

together

the

panel

Next,

cut

make

3/B-inch-thick

1.

parts

case.
and

grade

Figure

Cut

plywood,

attach

the

from

of the
the

Figure
out

nail

to this

exterior

bottom

and

Cut

figure

to

in

and

back

of each

piece;

case

the

a good

with

grade

1 -inch

supports
out

ply-

brads.

from

the

pine,

bottom

l/4-inch-wide

(Figure
groove

for

l),

weld

panel.

underside

each

of the

glue,

attach

and

top

specifications

resorcinol

2) from

the

and

to the

or

Cut

sides

four

panel

frame

l-inch

to the

and

and

hole

of equipment

and

countersink

of the

details

for

pattern

Check

in

differ

sizes

and

12 holes,
with

meter

Masonite,

shown
may

(Table

bottom
the

tempered

diameters

changes.

angle

underside

l/4-inch-thick

dimensions

aluminum
Drill

construction

from

components

by

corners.

2 shows

to the

because

l-

3 in

l/2-inch

flat-

box

case

bottom.

* and

drill

the

Figure

3.

Dimensions

in

from

those

size

before

making

the

of
on the

holes.

PLUMBING PARTS
Table
ing.

2 shows

Bolt

the

pump

comes

with

Attach

a l/4-inch

let

ports

the

of the

Install
support
fit

the

Modify

the

and

male

two

install

with

necessary
l/4-

for

by

l-inch

the

installation

bolts.

a l/4-inch-diameter

to the

valves

and

temporarily

from

the

the

oiler

by drilling

capillary

are

bottom

pipe

pipe

desired

that

Remove

plug

3 /8-inch

sweat

l/2-inch

quick

of the

in the

adaptors

in

the

oiler

the

plumboiler

inlet

top

that

hole.

inlet

and

out-

pump.

panel

for

parts

to the

pump

the

cleaner

*Mention
U. S.

the

a wick.

quick

The
action

of a specific
Environmental

the

in place
disconnect
a l/4-inch
wick
of oil.

company
Protection

should
Attach

while

the

up to the
hole
point

or product
Agency.

and
the

the

not

to the

constitute

panel;

located.

over

body

direction

assembly

on the

is being

valves

does

piping

through
in

this

disconnect

and

vacuum

inserting

of airflow
tee

Cut

to the

and

they

gauge.
a pipe

to achieve

between

endorsement

the

the

valves,

by the

and

join

it

solder

to the

all

meter

can

side

as it

cycles.

be

order

of the

must

enlarged

after

so that

it

Keep

the

mstall

be used

size

of the

in the

of ways;

the

in

a better

be

clear

Swagelok
in

on calibration.

to avoid

mechanism

The

with

can

procedure
of Pentafoam

meter

interference

Teflon

orifice

a piece

the

to

on the

with

This

between

use

out

meter

4.

Shape

the

drilled

fittings

Figure

and

used

the

calibration.

wedge

is by

thermometer

to

as shown

to a minimum

simplest

The

order

Tighten

meter.

must

in the

as a shock-absorbing
foam

joints.

thermometers

orifice

section

to the

threaded

secured

the

up

stems.

to achieFve

further

can

the

slightly

are

construction

be discussed

hold

bent

the--nometers
and

on all

thermometer
be

piping

a number

that
the

the

tape
in

fittings

me:*r

Fabricate

ferrules.

Teflon

to hold

The

installing

attached

The

in

inlet

will

use

adaptors.

5/32-inch

be

continue

connections;

The
of pipe

pump;

and
the

the

pump.

cooling

air-

flow.
Attach
optional

the

manometer

solenoid

to the

back

orifice

and

to the

valves

on a piece

of the

panel.

Complete

of the

pitot

completes

the

soldered

to the

panel
of

The

tws

l/4-inch

the

disconnects

piping.

with

l/4-

fan

is attached

a list

of the

2 -inch

plywood,

attachment

to the

by

solenoid
to the

and

attach

of the

Tygon

valves

and

plumbing

bolts.

Mount

this

tubing

the

assembly
from

the

manometer.

This

by means

of clips

tubing.

ELECTRICAL HOOKUP
Refer
the

panel

to Table
from

Begin

on it.
tions

in

the
the

Figure

frame

of the

the

timer

frame.

orientation.
meter

drill

Amphenol
light
Replace

the

mount

Also

ground

hook

or

up
Plug

voltmeter

pump

and

to the

test

all

check

the

operation

the
for
the

timer

pump

circuits

connection

15 seconds
and

at the
fan

timer,

the

to the

switch

components.

cord,

behind

in and

Adjust

connect

power

wiring

SPDT

to

approximately
panel,

the

the

the

the

electrical

switches,

of metal

Double-check

assembly.

with

a piece

timer.

necessary

lights,

hookup

Insert

connector.

operate

and

electrical

Then
zero

electric

base,

5.

the

3 for

wires,

powerstat,

and

follow

powerstat,

timer

to the

Amphenol

of the

and

power

cord

on the
operation.

powerstat

so that
start

ground

the

of each
test.

for

5-minute

it

and

to

through

proper
manoUse

through
buzzer

buzzer

instruc-

and

valves
proper

and

wiring

fittings

solenoid
for

Remove

the
pilot
interval.

an

FINISH DETAILS
Place
Cut

out

the

the

case

fan

thermometer

holes,

as desired.

meter,

and
the

inlay

the

edge

inch-diameter
leads

Figure

6.

through

and

the

errors

in

Figure

1.

for
the

Secure

the

even

manometer

frame.

panel

Mark
the

instrument

the

is now

ready

Attach

with

controls

for

of the

connect
device

3/4-inch

wood

to the

painting

Bore

leveling

quick

and

the

1/4-

the

lines

as shown

in

screws

identification

front

out

screws.

panel.

and

holes.

of mano-

machine

panel,

the

supports

for

place.
portion

Z-inch

the

angle

Cut

into

edge

fan

choice.

unnecessary

the

Install

aluminum

glue

by

through

block.

to the

Attach

with

lines

valve

, and

l/4-

and

of your

any

with

thermometer

grill

disks

panel

the

or

a bandsaw,

manometer

panel

switching.

Plexiglas

on the

locate

a screen

with

solenoid

aluminum

The

the

latter

and

with

away,

of the

holes

to pitot

assembly,

cover

Cut

mount

right

the

and

windows,

handles

Keep

over

to avoid

cover,

as shown

in

calibration.

OPTIONAL SOLENOID VALVE ASSEMBLY

The

purpose

of this

more

conveniently

manometer
around

$50;
The

Three
and

it

is not,

solenoid

two-way
one

s olenoid

L : do-.-*tream
flow

- blocked

allow

the

be done
the

solenoid

is

pressure
during

manometer

assembly

taps

are

located

on the

When

test,

test

of the

these

valves

to manually

and
and

Tygon

bring
tubing

rezero

meter

is

running.

The

operation

of the

sampler.

shown

in

be
in

open

box

installed

this

as

assembly;

solenoid

upstream

manometer

the

used

the

to the

should

One

to equalize
the

the

essential

closed.

the

to allow

while

valves

tap.
inLa

is

however,
valve

is usually
valve,

device

tap
are
the

and

usually

the
can
the

by
closed

manometer
be temporarily

are

of the

solenoid
to zero.

unit

is

7.

usually

open,

by

a closed

solenoid
closing

the

Figure

followed

open

energized

to zero

cost

two

valves,
an

operator

valve
the

on

switch,

valve

the

opens

If leveling

disconnected

to
must

from

manometer.

SAMPLE BOX CONSTRUCTION

Refer
sional

to Figures

view

of the assembled

Begin

construction

8, 6, and 4; attach
and heater

7,

section

While

attachment

num

of part

is given

in Table

housing,
shield

and attach

3.

around

12, and insert

ment

with

glass

tape

install

the heating

part

for

11).

reflection:

15

9); attach

1 and

and knob

to part

a wiring
socket

10.

it to the blower.

Pentafoam
Paint
also

of

Screw
Form

the inside

coats
for

the

the ther-

Remove

part

3,

of the fan

onto parts
of the heater

the exterior

parts

an alumi-

the wiring

insulation

paint

two

An electrical

diagram.

Complete

2; add hinges

to part

(shaded

to provide

at least

1.

glue

attach

area

and resin

the fan

with

brads,

bath

and apply

place.

(part

cloth

3 to parts

servicing

and small

parts

and attach

Glue

heat

glass

attach

3.

number
for

(part

glue

on all joints

into

part

the impinger

fiber

and probe

and thermostat

paint

point,

12 shows

coil,

support

Using

a catch

fitting,

and replace

aluminum

with

is curing,

Also

impinger

3.

At this

be lined

Attach

add bottom

part

4, and Figure

the blower

and thermostat,

with

Pkce

Amphenol

10 is a three-dimen-

3 can be removed

assembly,

order.

11) should

the fiber

Figure

out the parts.

so that part

To this

compartment.

resin.

mostat

screws

at the joint

on Figure

numbers.

parts.

12, and 5, in that

water-tight

list

with

except

part

by cutting

components.

and screws
parts

8 and 9 for

6 and
compart-

of the box.

UMBILICAL CORD CONSTRUCTION

Table

5 is

may

be made

sure

drop;

each

25 feet

The

in
for

cord

Starting

2 feet

from

the

the

other

the

sample

by

screwing

I/4-inch
male
using

the
quick

Amphenol
a female

end;

or

end
thread

disconnects
connector.
Am-hen01

be

the

plastic

end

attached
vacuum

of the

l/4-inch

to the

fitting

pipe

the
and

in a clear

lines

sample

and
end,

quick

together

by

one

into

the

cords,
cord.
hose,

working

area.

a suitable

the

specifying

of

cord

tape

up to 2 feet

a meter
meter

end
box,

and

and

box.
a l/2-inch
the

hose.

solder
attach

disconnects.

21

with
Wrap

pres-

umbilical

together

attach
into

the

components-vacuum

be plugged

sample

hose,

pitot

cord

should

to the

of the

On

of the

for

tape.

cord

a number

of the

components
electrical

ends

meter

them

umbilical

a prohibitive

to make
details

lengths

laying

the

the

is preferable

25-foot

The

encountering

construction

wrap

tape

should

meter

end,

Orient

a sample
end

cutting

construction.

without

it

tubing-and

one

end.

feet

13 shows

pitot

cloth

200

cord

however,

by

from

umbilical

up to

Figure

and

other

the

for

convenience,

Mystic

At

list

length

is fabricated
wires,

as

any

long.

electric

such

a parts

male
Attach

the
the

quick
the

electric
fittings

in

two

disconnect
male

cords

into

the

same

the
way,

PITOBE CONSTRUCTION
Refer
any

to Table

length

from

sampling.

The

Swagelok
the

that

it

end
is

in

will

10 feet

first

step

where

cut

a notch

cut

the

onto

The

temperature

arc

welding

tube.

shaft

as

with

be

for

the

F;

if

On

the

weld

must

be

Figure

if

the

probe

square
ensure

will

not

be

temperatures

opposite

probe

14 will

higher

of

during

and

nut
in

solder

1, 000

wire

length

shown

silver

Pitobes

problems

The

necessary.

electric

construction.

desired

of the

exceeds
will

the

to the

end

done

pitobe
encountering

sheath

of a pilot

be

the

for

without

one

use

may

to clear

necessary

be used

to

nut

Welding

encountered,

sheath,

is

tube.

square.

parts

may

ferrule

of the

stacks

be

the

2 to

5/8-inch

with

used

6 for

heat

as

end

of the

shown

in the

figure.

PITOT
The

pitot

stainless
been

cut,

and

in

the

length

the

last

When

by bending

steel

tube

cutting

they

are

as good

weld

pieces

of

inches

from

during

sampling.

tube
glass

two
steps

front

of the

be

closer

than

ends

slightly

have

been

determine

probe

sheath

the

quick

probe

will

be

nut
the

with

the
will

in
be

the

center
so that

the

end,

the

welded

pitot

be

L minus

then

sheath,

and

in

Figure

sheath

using

must

be

will

be

short
3-l

/2

adjacent

various

parts,

length

of the

pitot

length

of the

the

2 inches,

along

disconnects.

nozzle

of the

apart

shown

opening

and

on;

the

to the

pitot

relationship

nut

1 foot

as

have

directions

of quick

pitot

of the

opposite

than

attachment
weld

of these

about

shorter

from

of a 3/6-inch

two

facing

2 inches

length

end

After

should

6 inches

The

disconnects
L plus

welds

completed,

sheath

14.
ends

to facilitate

steel.

of the

cut

be

on the

Figure

the
The

should

angle

in

with

pitot

To

without

shown

The

stainless

the

as

together

not

l/4-inch

a 45-degree

as possible.

pitot.

the

above

L = length

welded

shouid

out

the

and

alignment

of the

Bend

14.

is made

and

the

ball

joint

let

2 inches.

PROBE GLASS
The
The

latter

is

attached,

the

glass

mically

glass

insert

usually

must

a No.
tube.
wound

must

be

custom-made

7 rubber

After
onto

length

the
the

be

stopper,
stopper

glass

and

determined
by
bored

is
held

as

place

23

the

a glassblower.

in place,
in

before

shown

After
in

a 25-foot
with

glass

Figure
Nichrome
electrical

is attached.

the
14,

ball

joint

is slipped
wire
tape.

is

onto
logarithThe

wire
along

is doubled,
the

and

length

on to hold

of the

the

wound

with

of the

Nichrome

the

wire

winding

wire,

it

is

wire

As

probe.

as the
then
are

is begun

winding

each
is

few

inches

with
to

After

the

the

from

is wound,

continued.

rewound
soldered

1 inches

about

glass

zipcord,

the

the

end

a piece

entire

and

continued

of tape

probe

tape.

The

remaining

which

plugs

into

has

PITOBE

6.

PARTS

the

sample

LIST

Part

Description

1 union

25-ft

wire

2 male

quick

1 rubber
1 ball
2-ft

disconnects

stopper

lOlO-

Nichrome

26

Swagelok

400-l

No.

electrical

cord

tape

B & S Curtin

glass

16-gauge
Male,

1 roll

/4

Scotch

No.

QC-200

28

2-conductor

electrical

p tot

tubinga

3/8-in.-OD

thin-wall

I-ft

glmass

tubea

5/8-in.-OD

Pyrex

l-ft

probe

sheatha

I-in.-OD
Seamless

aPer

foot

pitobe.

zipcord

2-prong

2-ft

of

22870

Ground

joint

1 Plug

24

Swagelok

by

0.035
Sunmerii

No.

27

4EGT

stainless

wall

nib-T-8504
AWTR 304

been

two

box.

Table

is put

steel

G784T

ends

GLASSWARE
Refer
directly

to

to

Table

a cyclone

g.lzs s ball

The

filter
holder

is held

num.

This

which

can be made

filter

From
A set

of three

Refer

to

have

been

8 for

modified

from

the

pulling

require

done

the

use

modified
as

16) that
with

most

by
shown

has

a clamp

contains

a glass

gasket

then

the

impinger

leads

that

is fabricated
and

is

connected

of No.

fitted

also

is

25/15

ball

to a

joints.

from

has

ground-

attached

with

the

into

The

l/E-inch

a silicone

the

list.

alumi-

rubber

valve

filter.

All
If the

fitting

the

last

impinger

can

be

also
is

to prevent
of this

impinger.

impingers

attached

backpressure

glass

sampling

PARTS

first

modification

situation

does

used.

LIST

Description
Cyc 1one

Specially

Fi 1 ter

Fabricated

Impinger

6800

Connectors

Fabricated

Ball

Corning

No.

6762

ball

Socket

Corning

No.

6764

socket

C 1 amps

Ball

joints

fabricated

as

shown

in

Figure

15

- Corning

and

gasket,

impingers.

These

a check

GLASSWARE

into
remaining

The

a bypass

7.

three

joints.

glassblower.
then

leads

parts

contains

Table

probe

15,

been

through

of ball

liquids

of a cyclone,

addition

also

connector

that

by a competent

the

connector

addition

connector

The

companies.

impinger
the

list.

in Figure

frit

a ball-joint-fitted

by

cord

be

by

parts

built

together

connectors

Table

been

(Figure

filter,

an umbilical

should

has

holder

the

glassware

cyclone,

holder

filter

the

that

joints.

modified

7 for

from

socket

ball

joint

joint

and

glass

28/12
28/12
clamp

27

l/2-in.-ID

size

No.

28

tubing

not

to

CALIBRATION PROCEDURES FOR ORIFICE AND METER

A preliminary
tion

before

dry

test

gauge.

check

trial

test:

should

pump,

meter,

thermometers,

Vacuum

should

be made

pump

oil,

quick

lights,

be tested

of the

following

disconnects,

buzzer,

for

parts
valves,

Amphenol,

leakage

for

proper

opera.

manometers,

Variac,

and

vacuum

at 27 inches.

TERMINOLOGY
cfm

ft3 /min

AH@

Orifice

pressure

differential

cfm

of air

at

meter

differential,

in

70 * F and

29.

92 in.

in.

H20

Dry

Pb

Barometric

CF,

Wet

test

meter

reading,

ft3

CFd

Dry

test

meter

reading,

ft3

T,

Temperature,

ITd

Input

OTd

Output

TdaVg

(ITd

Time,

WTM

Wet

pressure,

in.

wet

test

temperature,

meter,

that

gives

0.75

Hg

dry,

+ oTd)/2,

of water

Hg

dry,

temperature,

inches

minutes
test

meter

PROCEDURES
With
per

the

meter

revolution),

become

allow

wetted

screw

in

the

and
the

enclosed

equipment

(approximately
lower

front
us

switch

in the

the

warmup

period,

run

H20

and

hour).

corner.

a wet
up

Level
Then

position;

a trial

of 10 to obtain

and
to warm

l/2

right

manometer

CF,

pump

adjust

test

at an

AH@ and

Y.

test

orifice

attached

(1 cubic

and

the

dry

parts

of the

the

box

by

turning

the

zero
the

meter

the

fluid

manometer
level

manometer

WTM

setting

to

adjusting

by placing

if necessary.

fool

the
After

of 2 inches

Step 1
Calculate

AH@ by
AH@

0.03

using

the

formula

17 (manometer
orifice)
pb (OTd
+ 460)

31

(T,

c 460)t
CFW

1
2

(1)

Lf the

value

is

not

of

l/64

increments
orifice

should

within

be

I. 6 to 2.1

inch

to lower

(1. 84 desired),
the

replaced

and

the

Y by using

the

formula

value;

the

if the

procedure

orifice

Mlue

repeated

can

is below
in

be

drilled

1. 6,

then

in
the

calibration.

Step 2
Calculate

CF,
Y

* Pb

CFd(Pb
Y is
and

obtained

during

remove

and

expose

ire

in position.

iecrease
naking

the

1. 01 (1. 00 desired),

neter,

the

the

the

the

(Td

avg

+ 460)

adjustment,

trial

along

run

screws

mechanism

To
value

(T,

adjust
of

Y and

with
have

on the

top

to make

the

meter,

the

lid

AH@.

and

If the

to be made
of the
sure

counterclockwise

replace

(2)

+ 460)

adjustments

four

iever

+ 0. 147)

and

value

to the

meter,

is not

within

meter.

carefully

To

adjust

remove

the

lid,

and

that

the

adjusting

nuts

are

turned

clockwise

to increase

the

screws

and

run

value

another

0. 99

of Y.
trial

to
After
test.

the