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1,
Abstract
The power cell series multi-level high-voltage frequency converter is one of present electric power
electron area research hot spots. This paper selected the power unit tandem type structure to realize
the high-pressured frequency conversion, one of its biggest superiority was the input end uses the
phase-shifting transformer to realize inputs the multi-densification, thus served the input output
overtone small purpose. This paper also studies phase-shifting transformer's phase shifting principle
emphatically, and designs 36 pulse wave phase-shifting transformer's related parameter, will provide
the theory and the computation basis for the present phase-shifting transformer's design. Therefore,
this paper provided the important reference and the instruction for next high pressure frequency
changer's engineering design.
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V ab V AB
(1)
Where, VAB and Vab respectively refer to phasors of line voltages V AB and Vab on the primary
side and secondary side.
V CZ
N1 X
Y
x N2
vP
y
N3
vQ
V cz
V ax
a
VP
V AX
120
c V BY
V AB
V by
30
V ab
30
30
120 V Q
V AB
30
sin 30
by
and V
ab
Vby
sin 30
(2)
Where, 0 30; VQ is the effective voltage value of N3 coil; Vby is the effective voltage value
between b and y. For a three-phase symmetrical system, voltages Vby and Vax have the same value.
Equation (2) can be rewritten as:
VQ
Vax
sin 30
sin 30
(3)
The winding factor k on the secondary side can be obtained from the equation above:
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VQ sin 30
N3
N 2 N 3 Vax sin 30
(4)
sin 120
sin(30 )
2
3
(5)
V
N1
AX
N2 N3
V ax
(6)
The following can be obtained by substituting equation (6) with equation Vax ,
n
V AB
N1
1
N 2 N 3 2 sin(30 ) Vab
(7)
Where, V AB 3V AX
Both extremes can be verified. Assuming that N2=0, the winding on the secondary side in Fig.2
turns into star connection. Thus voltages on the secondary side and primary side have the same phase,
i.e. =0; if N3=0, the winding on the secondary side turns into triangular connection. At this time,
sin( 30 )
N3
N 2 N 3 sin( 30 )
V AB
N1
1
N 2 N 3 2 sin(30 ) Vab
(8)
(9)
Where, 0 30 .
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V cz
V CZ
N1 X
Y
Z
x N2
vP
y
N3
vQ
V AB
V AX
120
V AB
VP
V by
30 120
V BY
30
V ax
30
V ab
VQ
1.0
15
-15
0.366
24-pulse rectifier
20
-20
0.227
18-pulse rectifier
30
-30
Table 1 shows typical values of phase-shifting angle and turns ratio of multi-pulse rectifier
when using phase-shifting transformer with the two kinds of connection above. For 12, 18 and 24-pulse
rectifiers, the voltage ratio VAB Vab is generally 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
The principle of extended and non-extended phase-shifting transformers has been described above
and what follows is specific design calculation of 36-pulse phase-shifting transformer.
S TN PCN / cos CN
(10)
Where: STN refers to the transformer capacity and PCN refers to the output power of transformer.
cos CN refers to the input power factor of inverter and refers to the efficiency of inverter.
Where, the power factor of inverter is between 0.8 and 0.85 with input AC reactor. Therefore,
cos CN =0.85, =0.9 and PCN =370KW. Then,
60 / N
(11)
Where, is the phase-shifting angle of two adjacent windings; N is the number of power
units in series
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This design adopts the program of 6 power units in series. Therefore, the phase-shifting angle of two
adjacent windings in phase-shifting transformer is:
60 / N 60 / 6 10
(12)
W1 U1 et 600turns
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25
Extended
0.1698
0.1064
0.1420
0.0278
15
Extended
0.1296
0.3660
0.0822
0.0474
Extended
0.1052
0.7368
0.0277
0.0775
-5
Non-extended
0.1052
0.7368
0.0277
0.0775
-15
Non-extended
0.1296
0.3660
0.0822
0.0474
-25
Non-extended
0.1698
0.1064
0.1420
0.0278
12
0
Wextended=AZ=BX=CY
The number of turns of winding in the basic section of phase-shifting transformer:
Wbasic=ZX=XY=YZ
Moreover, AC=AB=BC=U2/ e t ; CZ=CY+YZ=AZ+ZX= Wextended + Wbasic. In ACZ, the following
can be obtained according to the sine rule:
U2
et
U2
et
(13)
Where, U2 refers to the line voltage on valve side and e t refers to the voltage of each turn of
phase-shifting transformer.
The number of turns in triangular connection on the secondary side can be obtained by substituting
equation (13) with the input rated voltage U2=550V and the voltage of each turn of phase-shifting
transformer e t =10V, as shown in table 3.
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I 1 P / 3U 1 630 10 3 /( 3 6000 ) 61 A
Table 3. The number of turns in triangular connection on the secondary side of 36-pulse phase-shifting
transformer (unit: turn)
+25
+15
+5
-5
-15
-25
Wbasic
10
29
47
47
29
10
Wextended
27
16
16
27
The current relationship between basic winding and phase-shifting winding on the secondary side is
analyzed thereinafter. The following can be obtained at node Z according to the node current law:
I AZ I ZX I YZ
30
1
I AZ I ZX cos30
2
As I extended I AZ I BX I CY ; I basic I ZX I XY IYZ , therefore
I extended 3I basic
(14)
(15)
Where, I extended refers to the current in the extended section of winding on valve side; I basic refers to
the current in the basic section of winding on valve side; I1 refers to the phase current of winding on
grid side; W1 refers to the number of turns of winding on grid side. The current of basic winding and
phase-shifting winding can be obtained based on equations (14) and (15) and the number of turns of
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+25
+15
+5
-5
-15
-25
Ibasic
20.6
20.7
20.4
20.4
20.7
20.6
Iextended
35.6
35.8
35.4
35.4
35.8
35.6
5. Conclusion
This paper first analyzes the principle of extended and non-extended phase-shifting transformers
and designs 36-pulse phase-shifting transformer, mainly including the capacity of phase-shifting
transformer, the calculation of phase-shifting angle, the design of phase-shifting transformer and
insulation design, and the calculation of the number of turns of winding, winding current,
phase-shifting voltage and short-circuit impedance of phase-shifting transformer, which provide basis
for the design of phase-shifting transformer in the future.
6. Acknowledgment
This research is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China
(E2011210038) and the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hebei Province, China
(Q2012113).
7. References
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