INTRODUCTION TO

CONTROL MEASURES

PURPOSE OF CONTROL
MEASURES
To eliminate or reduce exposures to harmful
agents in working environment
To prevent occupational diseases, illness and
adverse health effects

CONTROL MEASURES

Control Hierarchy

Elimination
Substitution
Process Changes
Isolation and Enclosure
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls/Safe Work Practices
PPE

The best time to introduce control measure is at/during

the design stage
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ELIMINATION
Prohibit use of crocidolite, carcinogens
Use ultrasonic cleaning instead of solvent

SUBSTITUTION
SMF for Asbestos, Titanium for lead,
Process-pellets instead of powders, gels
rather than liquid, lower temperature to
reduce evaporation, automation

TOTAL ENCLOSURE
Sealing process/operation in a cell with no
human access

ISOLATION
By location
Time
Remote Control

Engineering Control

General Ventilation
Local Exhaust Ventilation
Water Spray
Other airborne chemical removal and
containment

GENERAL VENTILATION
To supply adequate amount of oxygen/fresh
air
To prevent build up of contaminants

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VENTILATION
General Ventilation(Natural, Mechanical-Forced)
- Add or Remove Large Volume of Air
- Fresh Air Requirement 30 CMH per person
- Can be used to control small amount of air
contaminants, low toxicity, non-corrosive
Difficult to control exposure if employee is near
source of contaminant

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LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
Factories& Machinery (Safety,Health&
Welfare)Regulations, Reg. 25 & 26
Building Bye-Law
Engineering Controls as in Lead, Mineral
Dust, Asbestos and USECHH Regulations

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General Ventilation
Measure Volume of air supplied or
exhausted-+ve/-ve pressure in the room
Checked air movement
Level of Contaminants

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VENTILATION
Local Exhaust Ventilation
- Capture contaminant at source
duct

Fan

Hood

Filter/Scrubber

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Local Exhaust Ventilation

Capture Velocity
Face Velocity
Duct Velocity
Static Pressure
Fan Speed

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Local Exhaust Ventilation

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Water Spray
To suppress airborne dust
Effectiveness depend on size of droplets,
hardness of water and quantity

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Administrative Controls
Safe Operating Procedures, PtW
-Administered practices which require people to work in a
safer way
Good housekeeping and personal hygiene
- Prohibiting drinking, eating, smoking in the workplace
-reducing exposure time
Air Monitoring
Health surveillance- Routine, Pre-employment/preplacement/Pre-retirement
Training

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PPE
As and interim or complimentary measures,
or other methods are not practical

Respirators, dust masks

Gloves, barrier cream
Hearing Protection
Coverall, apron
Goggles, safety glasses, face shield
Helmets, boots
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PPE

Selection
Protection Factor
Training
Care and Maintenance

PPE must be approved type, suitable, fit, sufficient supply

Readily available, do not adversely affect health of usermedical examination?
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