Write your name here

Other names

Surname

American
Academy
LCA GCE

Centre Number

Candidate Number

Y7 Physics
Final exam
Unit 4: Physics on the Move
Tuesday 12 April 2016 Morning
Time: 1 hour 35 minutes

Paper Reference

6PH04/01R

You do not need any other materials.

Total Marks

Instructions

o Use black ink or ball-point pen.

o Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate
number. Answer all questions.

o Answer the questions in the spaces provided

- there may be more space than you need.

Information

o The total mark for this paper is 80.

o The marks for each question are shown in brackets
-use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

o Questions labelled with an asterisk (*) are ones where the quality of your written
communication will be assessed
-you should take particular care with your spelling, punctuation and grammar,
as well as the clarity of expression, on these questions.

o The list of data, formulae and relationships is printed at the end of this
o Candidates may use a scientific calculator.

booklet.

Advice

o Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.

o Keep an eye on the time.
o Try to answer every question.
o Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over

SECTION A
Answer ALL questions.
For questions 110, in Section A, select one answer from A to D and put a cross in the box
If you change your mind, put a line through the box
mark your new answer with a cross
.

and then

1. A current-carrying wire is placed into a magnetic field. If the magnetic force experienced by the wire
balances the weight of the wire, the wire will float.
The direction of the magnetic field is from west to east.
For the wire to float, it is placed
A

parallel to the magnetic field so the current flows from east to west.

parallel to the magnetic field so the current flows from west to east.

perpendicular to the magnetic field so the current flows from north to south.

perpendicular to the magnetic field so the current flows from south to north.
(Total for question = 1 mark)

2. A particle Z has kinetic energy E and momentum p. A second particle X has twice the mass and half the
momentum of particle Z.
The kinetic energy of X is
A

2E

E/4

E/8

E/16
(Total for question = 1 mark)

3. Two capacitors of capacitance 1000 F and 10 F are charged so that they store the same amount of
energy. The potential difference (p.d.) across the 1000 F capacitor is V1 and the p.d. across the 10 F
capacitor is V2.

The value of
A

1 104

1 102

1 102

1 104

is

(Total for question = 1 mark)

4. Select the row of the table that correctly identifies what happens in an elastic collision.

(Total for question = 1 mark)

5. A particle moving in a circular path completes 7.5 revolutions in 9.0 s.
Its angular velocity in rad s1 is
A

0.83

5.2

68

420
(Total for question = 1 mark)

6. The diagram shows the path of an particle that is being deflected by the nucleus of an atom. The point
P on the path is the point of closest approach of the particle to the nucleus.

Which statement about the particle on this path is correct?

A

Its acceleration is least at P.

Its speed is least at P.

Its total energy is greatest at P.

Its momentum is greatest at P.

(Total for question = 1 mark)

7. A capacitor is charged to a potential difference of 12 V and stores a charge of 600 C. What would the
potential difference across the plates have to be in order for the capacitor to store 50% more charge?
A

3V

9V

18 V

24 V
(Total for question = 1 mark)

8. Which of the following is not a unit of electric field strength?

A

J C m1

J C1 m1

N A1 s1

N C1
(Total for question = 1 mark)

9. A cyclist travels along a straight horizontal road at a steady speed. A net force of 20 N is then applied for
6 s. The change in momentum of the cyclist is
A

3.3 kg m s1

26 kg m s1

120 kg m s1

720 kg m s1
(Total for question = 1 mark)

10. The mass in MeV/c2 of a 1.8 10-29 kg positron is

A 10
B 3.2 10-59
C 3.3 10-8
D 1.0 107
(Total for Question = 1 mark)
TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 10 MARKS

SECTION B
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.
11. The diagram shows a simple generator. It has a flat coil of negligible resistance which can be rotated in
a magnetic field. The coil has 500 turns and an area of 2.5 103 m2.

The graph shows the variation of the magnetic flux linkage N with time t as the coil is rotated at a
steady frequency in a uniform magnetic field.

(a) Determine the frequency of rotation of the coil.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Frequency = ...........................................................

(b) Determine the magnetic flux density of the field.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Magnetic flux density = ...........................................................
(c) Determine the maximum e.m.f. induced in the coil.

(3)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Maximum e.m.f. = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 7 marks)
12. A student was investigating the charge and discharge of a capacitor.
He set up the following circuit.

(a) Calculate the time constant for the circuit.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Time constant = ...........................................................

(b)The student wanted to plot a current-time graph as the capacitor charged, but found that the
current changed too rapidly for him to take readings.
Instead, he modelled the experiment using a spreadsheet. The switch was closed at time t = 0 s. V
is the potential difference across the capacitor.

Explain how the value in cell B5 is calculated.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

(c) Some of the data from the spreadsheet has been plotted on a graph of current I against time t.

(i) Plot the missing points and draw a line of best fit.

(2)

(ii) Use the graph to determine a second value for the time constant.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Time constant = ...........................................................
(iii) Suggest how the student might change his spreadsheet to give a more accurate model of the
charging of the capacitor.
(1)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

*(d) An alternative method of determining the time constant is to use a straight line graph.
State and explain the variables that the student should plot and how he should determine the time
constant from this graph.
(3)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(Total for question = 12 marks)
13. The table gives the quark structure of three particles.
The up quark has a charge of +2/3e and the down quark has a charge of 1/3e.

(a) Show that udd is a possible combination of quarks for the neutron.

(1)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(b) State, in terms of quark structure, why the is classed as a baryon and the a meson.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(c) Another particle in the delta family, the ++, is also composed of up and/or down quarks.
Its decay is shown by
++ p +
Deduce the quark content of the ++ and the charge on the pion.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Quark content of ++...........................................................
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Charge on pion ...........................................................
(Total for question = 5 marks)

14. In order to make an object move around a circular path at a constant speed a resultant force must act on
it.
(a) Explain why a resultant force is required and state the direction of this force.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(b) When vehicles move around a bend on a level road, the resultant force is provided by friction
between the tyres and the road. For a given vehicle and road surface there is a maximum value
for this sideways frictional force.
Explain why roads designed for high-speed travel, such as motorways, do not have any sharp
bends.
(2)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(c) Some cycling tracks are banked. When cornering, a cyclist moves up the track until the sideways
frictional force is zero.
The free-body force diagram for a cyclist and bicycle is shown. The normal contact force exerted
by the track is N and the weight of cyclist and bicycle is mg.

(i) By considering the vertical and horizontal motion, show that

tan = gr/v2
where r is the radius of the cyclist's path and v is the cyclist's speed.

(3)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

10

(ii) Calculate the value of for a cyclist travelling at 11.0 m s1 around a bend of radius 18.7 m.
(2)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
= ...........................................................
(Total for Question = 9 marks)

11

15. (a) Explain what is meant by the principle of conservation of momentum.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(b) The picture shows a toy car initially at rest with a piece of modelling clay attached to it.

A student carries out an experiment to find the speed of a pellet fired from an air rifle. The pellet is
fired horizontally into the modelling clay. The pellet remains in the modelling clay as the car moves
forward. The motion of the car is filmed for analysis.
The car travels a distance of 69 cm before coming to rest after a time of 1.3 s.
(i) Show that the speed of the car immediately after being struck by the pellet was about 1 m s1.
(2)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(ii) State an assumption you made in order to apply the equation you used.

(1)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(iii) Show that the speed of the pellet just before it collides with the car is about 120 m s1
mass of car and modelling clay = 97.31g
mass of pellet = 0.84 g

(3)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

12

(c) The modelling clay is removed and is replaced by a metal plate of the same mass. The metal
plate is fixed to the back of the car. The experiment is repeated but this time the pellet bounces
backwards.
*(i) Explain why the speed of the toy car will now be greater than in the original experiment.

(3)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(ii) The film of this experiment shows that the pellet bounces back at an angle of 72 to the
horizontal.
Explain why the car would move even faster if the pellet bounced directly backwards at the
same speed.
(1)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

13

(d)The student tests the result of the first experiment by firing a pellet into a pendulum with a bob
made of modelling clay. She calculates the energy transferred.

The student's data and calculations are shown:

Data
mass of pellet = 0.84 g
mass of pendulum and pellet = 71.6 g
change in vertical height of pendulum = 22.6 cm
Calculations
change in gravitational potential energy of pendulum and pellet
= 71.6 103 kg 9.81 N kg1 0.226 m = 0.16 J
therefore kinetic energy of pendulum and pellet immediately after collision = 0.16 J
therefore kinetic energy of pellet immediately before collision = 0.16 J
therefore speed of pellet before collision = 19.5 m s1
There are no mathematical errors but her answer for the speed is too small.
State and explain which of the statements in the calculations are correct and which are not.

(4)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(Total for Question = 16 marks)

14

16. (a) Fig. 16.1 shows a negatively charged metal sphere close to a positively charged metal plate.

On Fig. 1.1, draw a minimum of five field lines to show the electric field pattern between the
plate and the sphere.

(2)

(b) Fig. 1.2 shows two positively charged particles A and B.

At point X, the magnitude of the resultant electric field strength due to the particles A and B is zero.
(i) State, with a reason, which of the two particles has a charge of greater magnitude.

(1)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(ii) On Fig. 1.3 sketch the variation of the resultant electric field strength E with distance d from the
particle A.
(3)

15

(c)The plate in Fig. 1.1 is now earthed. Fig. 1.4 shows the sphere and plate the instant the plate is
earthed.

Fig. 1.4
On Fig. 1.4, draw a minimum of five field lines to show the electric field pattern between the
plate and the sphere will change if at all.

(1)

(Total for Question = 7 marks)

17. Fig. 17.1 shows the circular path described by a helium nucleus in a region of uniform magnetic
field in a vacuum.

Fig. 17.1
The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. The magnetic flux density
of the magnetic field is 0.20 mT. The radius of the circular path is 15 cm. The helium nucleus has charge
+ 3.2 1019 C and mass 6.6 1027 kg.
(a) Explain why the helium nucleus
(i) travels in a circular path

(1)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(ii) has the same kinetic energy at A and B.

(1)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...

16

(b) Calculate the magnitude of the momentum of the helium nucleus.

(3)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
momentum = ............................................ kgms1
(c) Calculate the kinetic energy of the helium nucleus.

(2)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
kinetic energy = ....................................................... J
(d) A uniform electric field is now also applied in the region shaded in Fig. 2.1. The direction of this
electric field is from left to right. Describe the path now followed by the helium nucleus in the electric
and magnetic fields.
(2)
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
(Total for Question = 9 marks)

17

18. An electron and a positron annihilate with the emission of two photons of equal energy.
Calculate the wavelength of the photons.

(5)

??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
??????????????????????????????????????????????...
Wavelength = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 5 marks)
TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 70 MARKS
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS

18

List of data, formulae and relationships

Acceleration of free fall
Boltzmann constant
Coulombs law constant
Electron charge
Electron mass
E1ectronvo1t
Gravitational constant
Gravitational field strength
Permittivity of free space
Planck constant
Proton mass
Speed of light in a vacuum
Stefan-Bo1tzmann constant
Unified atomic mass unit

g = 9.81 m s-2
k = 1.38 x 10-23 J K-1
k = 1/40
= 8.99 x 109 N m2 C-2
e = -1.60 x 10-19 C
me = 9.11 x 10-31 kg
1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19 J
G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2
g = 9.81 N kg-1
0 = 8.85 x 10-12 F m-1
h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s
mp = 1.67 x 10-27 kg
c = 3.00 x 108 m s-1
= 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 Ku = 1.66 x 10-27 kg

Unit 1
Mechanics
Kinematic equations of motion

v = u + at
s = ut + at2
v2 = u2 + 2as

Forces

F = ma
g = F/m
W = mg

Work and energy

W = Fs
Ek = mv2
Egrav = mgh

Materials
Stokes law

F = 6rv

Hookes law

F = kx

Density

= m/V

Pressure

p = F/A

Young modulus

E = / where
Stress = F/A
Strain = x/x

Elastic strain energy

Eel = Fx

19

(close to Earths surface)

(close to Earths surface)

Unit 2
Waves
Wave speed

v = f

Refractive index

1 2

= sin i/sin r = v 1/v2

Electricity
Potential difference

V = W/Q

Resistance

R = V/I

Electrical power, energy and

efficiency

P = VI
P = I 2R
P = V 2/R
W = VIt
% efficiency =

useful energy output

x 100
total energy input

% efficiency =

useful power output

total power input

Resistivity

R = l/A

Current

I = Q/t
I = nqvA

Resistors in series
Resistors in parallel
Quantum physics

x 100

R = R 1 + R 2 + R3

Photon model

E = hf

Einsteins photoelectric
equation

hf = o/ + mv 2max

Turn over

20

Unit 4
Mechanics
Momentum

p = mv

Kinetic energy of a
non-relativistic particle

Ek = p2/2m

Motion in a circle

v = r
T = 2/
F = ma = mv2/r
a = v2/r
a = r2

Fields
Coulombs law

F = kQ Q /r2 where k = 40

Electric field

E = F/Q
E = kQ/r2
E = V/d

Capacitance

C = Q/V

Energy stored in capacitor

W = QV

Capacitor discharge

Q = Q 0 e-t/RC

In a magnetic field

F = BIl sin
F = Bqv sin
r = p/BQ

Faraday's and Lenz's Laws

= -d(No/ )/dt

Particle physics
Mass-energy

E = c2m

de Broglie wavelength

= h/p

21

BLANK PAGE

Mark Scheme
Section A
Question
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Answer

Mark

C
C
B
A
B
B
C
A
C
A

Section B
Q11.

19

Q12.

20

Q13.

Q14.

21

Q15.

22

Q16.

Extra field lines/field lines closer together compared

to 1(a).

23

Q17.

Q18.

24