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  • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Reference

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    Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory that proposes human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, from basic physiological needs at the bottom to needs for self-actualization at the top. The theory suggests lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs can be addressed. The hierarchy includes physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Maslow believed meeting lower level needs allows individuals to focus on achieving higher level needs for psychological well-being and personal growth.

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    hierarchy

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    Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Reference(1)

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    Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory that proposes human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, from basic physiological needs at the bottom to needs for self-actualization at the top. The theory suggests lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs can be addressed. The hierarchy includes physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Maslow believed meeting lower level needs allows individuals to focus on achieving higher level needs for psychological well-being and personal growth.

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    171 visualizzazioni2 pagine

    Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Reference

    Caricato da

    keirvyl
    Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory that proposes human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, from basic physiological needs at the bottom to needs for self-actualization at the top. The theory suggests lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs can be addressed. The hierarchy includes physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Maslow believed meeting lower level needs allows individuals to focus on achieving higher level needs for psychological well-being and personal growth.

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    Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

    Definition
    Maslow'shierarchyofneedsisatheoryofmotivationandpersonalitydevelopedbythe
    psychologistAbrahamH.Maslow(19081970)intheearly1960s.Maslow'shierarchy
    explainshumanbehaviorintermsofbasicrequirementsforsurvivalandgrowth.These
    requirements,orneeds,arearrangedaccordingtotheirimportanceforsurvivalandtheir
    powertomotivatetheindividual.Themostbasicphysicalrequirements,suchasfood,
    water,oroxygen,constitutethelowestleveloftheneedhierarchy.Theseneedsmustbe
    satisfiedbeforeother,higherneedsbecomeimportanttoindividuals.Needsatthehigher
    levelsofthehierarchyarelessorientedtowardsphysicalsurvivalandmoretoward
    psychologicalwellbeingandgrowth.Theseneedshavelesspowertomotivatepersons,
    andtheyaremoreinfluencedbyformaleducationandlifeexperiences.Theresulting
    hierarchyofneedsisoftendepictedasapyramid,withphysicalsurvivalneedslocatedat
    thebaseofthepyramidandneedsforselfactualizationlocatedatthetop.

    Description
    Maslow'shierarchyspecifiesthefollowinglevels:

    Physiologicalneeds:Thesearethebasicrequirementsforhumanphysical
    survival.Theyincludesuchessentialsasoxygen,water,food,shelter,andsleep.
    Whentheseneedsareunmet,humanbeingswillfocusonsatisfyingthemandwill
    ignorehigherneeds.

    Safetyneeds:Oncetheindividual'sbasicphysicalneedsaremet,hisorherneeds
    forsafetyemerge.Theseincludeneedsforasenseofsecurityandpredictabilityin
    theworld.Thepersontriestomaintaintheconditionsthatallowhimorhertofeel
    safeandavoiddanger.Maslowthoughtthatinadequatefulfillmentoftheseneeds
    mightexplainneuroticbehaviorandotheremotionalproblemsinsomepeople.

    Loveandbelongingneeds:Whentheindividual'sphysiologicalandsafetyneeds
    aremet,needsforloveandbelongingnessemerge.Theseneedsincludelongings
    foranintimaterelationshipwithanotherpersonaswellastheneedtobelongtoa
    groupandtofeelaccepted.Maslowemphasizedthattheseneedsinvolveboth
    givingandreceivinglove.

    Esteemneeds:Esteemneedsincludebothselfesteemandtheesteemofothers.
    Selfesteemisthefeelingthatoneisworthwhile,competent,andindependent.
    Theesteemofothersinvolvesthefeelingthatotherpeoplerespectandappreciate
    theperson.Oncethepersonhassatisfiedhisorherbasicneeds,concernsabout
    worthinessemerge.Thefocusbecomesnotjustsurviving,butdoingwell
    accordingtomeaningfulcommunalstandards.

    Selfactualizationneeds:Thesearetheneedsassociatedwithrealizingone'sfull
    potential.Astheseneedsemerge,thepersonfocusesondoingwhatheorsheis
    meanttodoinlife,developinghisorhertalentsandabilitiestotheirfullest
    extent.

    Taken directly from: enotes (2013). Maslows hierarchy of needs.


    Retrieved from: http://www.enotes.com/maslows-hierarchy-needsreference/maslows-hierarchy-needs

    *The need for sex is unnecessary for individual survival but it is necessary for the
    survival of humankind.

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