r05220503 Principles of Communications

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Code No: R05220503 Set No. 1

II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2007
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Bio-Medical Engineering,
Information Technology, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and
Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
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1. (a) Plot the convolution of a function f(t) with a pair of impulses.

(b) Find the Fourier transform of x(t) = 2/1+t2 . [8+8]
2. In a linear collector-modulated amplifier, the amplitude of the modulating voltage
is 60 volts, and the collector supply voltage is 150 volts. The dc collector current
under an unmodulated condition is 45 amperes. The unmodulated carrier power is
1 kw: calculate
(a) the modulation index:
(b) the circuit efficiency:
(c) the plate dissipation; and
(d) the modulated carrier power. [16]
3. Show that a low pass filter can be used as a discriminator. [16]
4. Explain the signal recovery through holding. [16]
5. (a) Derive an expression for SNR of a PCM system using uniform quantization.
(b) Distinguish between uniform and non uniform quantization. [10+6]
6. (a) Draw the block diagram of binary PSK receiver and explain the working prin-
ciple.
(b) Write the differences between coherent and non coherent systems. Give ex-
amples. [8+8]
7. (a) Define information, entropy, channel capacity and data Rate.
(b) Derive the expression for the channel capacity of a binary symmetric channel.
[8+8]
8. (a) Write a short notes on the following
i. Parity check matrix
ii. code tree in convolutional codes
(b) In a communication channel encoder, every data bit is repeated five times,
and at the receiver, a majority vote decides the value of each data bit. If
the uncoded bit error probability P is 10−3 , calculate the coded bit error
probability when using this best-of-five code. [10+6]
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1. A signal m(t) is multiplied by a sinusoidal wave form of frequency fc . The product

signal is v(t) = m(t)cos2πfc t. If the Fourier transform of m(t) is M(f), find the
Fourier transform of v(t). [16]
2. Show that the figure of merit γ for an AM system using synchronous detection is
identical to the envelope detector. [16]
3. Explain the different types of angle modulation techniques. [16]
4. State and prove the sampling theorem (frequency domain). [16]
5. (a) Derive the expression for signal to quantization noise ratio for PCM system
that employs linear quantization technique. Assume the input to the PCM
system is a sinusoidal signal.
(b) Compare and contrast DPCM and PCM. [10+6]
6. Explain the following briefly
(a) MSK
(b) QAM
(c) Signal space/constellation diagrams
(d) 8PSK. [16]
7. (a) What is the significance of coding? Explain the principles of any one type of
source code.
(b) Derive expression for channel capacity for infinite bandwidth.
(c) A source is delivering 3 messages with probabilities 1/2, 1/4, 1/4 What is
the entropy of second order source. [6+6+4]
8. Construct a code tree for the following encoder and explain the sequential decoding
method. Shown in figure 8 [16]

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1. (a) Derive the Parseval’s Theorem.

(b) Let x(t) = XR (t) + jXI (t) where XR is the real part of the and XI imaginary
part of X(t). Show that XR (t) = 1/2[X(f) + X ∗ (-f)] and XI = 1/2j[X(f) -
X ∗ (-f)].
[8+8]
2. A voltage v = 200(1+0.4sin ωm t) sin ωc t is applied to a resistor of 100 ohms. Find

the power dissipated by each of the frequency components present in the voltage
v. [16]
3. Give the different types of FM demodulators and explain the principle of operation
of each one with circuits. [16]
4. The spectral range of a function extends from 10.0 MHz. Find the minimum
sampling rate, the maximum sampling time. [16]
5. (a) Derive the expression for signal to quantization noise ratio for PCM system
that employs linear quantization technique. Assume the input to the PCM
system is a sinusoidal signal.
(b) Compare and contrast DPCM and PCM. [10+6]
6. (a) Explain in detail the power spectra and bandwidth efficiency of m-ary FSK
signals.
(b) Find the output of the matched filter and determine the maximum value of
(S/N )0 if the input s(t) is a rectangular pulse of amplitude A and duration
T. [8+8]
7. (a) Consider a telegraph source having two symbols, dot and dash. The dot du-
ration is 0.2s. The dash duration is 3 times the dot duration. The probability
of the dot’s occurring is twice that of the dash, and the time between symbols
is 0.2s. Calculate the information rate of the telegraph source.
(b) A system has band width of 4Khz and SNR of 28 db at the input of the
receiver. Calculate
i. It’s information carrying capacity
ii. The capacity of channel if it’s bandwidth is double while the transmitted
signal power remains constant. [10+6]
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8. (a) What do you understand by error control coding? Explain the various methods
briefly.
(b) What are cyclic codes? Explain the algebraic structure of cyclic codes. [8+8]
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1. (a) Explain Autocorrelation of a periodic waveform.

(b) Draw the impulse responses of Sinω0 (t) and Cosω0 (t). [8+8]
2. Explain the generation of modulator systems in DSB-SC
(a) Chopper - type(switching) modulator

(b) Chopper - type (Ring modulator). [8+8]
3. Explain about the effect of the modulation index β on bandwidth. [16]
4. Explain the signal recovery through holding. [16]
5. (a) What are the advantages of PCM over other pulse modulation systems.
(b) Explain why PCM is preferred for long-distance telephony? [10+6]
6. (a) What is m-ary FSK scheme and derive the average probability of error for
coherent m-ary FSK.
(b) Distinguish between QPSK and MSK. [8+8]
7. (a) A DMS X has four symbols x1 , x2 , x3 , and x4 with P (x1 ) = 1/2, P (x2 ) =
1/4, and P (x3 ) = P (x4 ) = 1/8. Construct a Shannon-fano code for X, and
show that this code has the optimum property that ni =I(xi ) and that the
code efficiency is 100 percent.
(b) If a discrete memoryless source whose alphabet consists of K equiprobable
symbols. Explain why the use of a fixed-length code for the representation of
such a source is about as efficient as any code can be. [12+4]
8. (a) Define and discuss the following

i. Syndrome in error control coding
ii. Burst error control codes
(b) Show that C = {000, 111} is a linear code and C = {000, 001, 101} is not a
linear code. [8+8]
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www.andhracolleges.

com The Complete Information About Colleges in Andhra Pradesh

Code No: R05220503 Set No. 1

1. (a) Plot the convolution of a function f(t) with a pair of impulses.

www.andhracolleges.com Engineering-MBA-MCA-Medical-Pharmacy-B.Ed-Law Colleges Information

Code No: R05220503 Set No. 1

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Code No: R05220503 Set No. 2

1. A signal m(t) is multiplied by a sinusoidal wave form of frequency fc . The product

3. Explain the different types of angle modulation techniques. [16]

4. State and prove the sampling theorem (frequency domain). [16]

6. Explain the following briefly

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Code No: R05220503 Set No. 2

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Code No: R05220503 Set No. 3

1. (a) Derive the Parseval’s Theorem.

2. A voltage v = 200(1+0.4sin ωm t) sin ωc t is applied to a resistor of 100 ohms. Find

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Code No: R05220503 Set No. 3

www.andhracolleges.com Engineering-MBA-MCA-Medical-Pharmacy-B.Ed-Law Colleges Information

Code No: R05220503 Set No. 4

1. (a) Explain Autocorrelation of a periodic waveform.

2. Explain the generation of modulator systems in DSB-SC

(a) Chopper - type(switching) modulator

3. Explain about the effect of the modulation index β on bandwidth. [16]

4. Explain the signal recovery through holding. [16]

8. (a) Define and discuss the following

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