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CBSE Physics (Chapter Wise With Hint / Solution) Class XII

CBSE Guess > eBooks > Class XII > CBSE Physics (Chapter Wise With Hint / Solution) Class XII

PHYSICS - CBSE CLASS XII

Atomic Nucleus Key

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1) The entire positive charge and the mass were concentrated at one place inside the
atom, called the nucleus.
2) A larger number of alpha particle went through undeflected
3) R=R0 A1/3 R1 /R2 =A1 1/3/A2 1/3 =1 1/3/27 1/3=1/3
4) R= R 0 A1/3 R1 /R2 =A1 1/3 /A2 1/3=(1/8) 1/3 =1/2
R 1 : R2 =1:2
5) -particles have more ionizing power than -particles.
6) N/N 0 =(1/2) n
t=2T =2*30 =60 days
7) They are neutral in nature and get absorbed by nucleus, thus distributing the neutron proton ratio.
8) The ratio of neutrons to proton ratio increases, after the emission of a particle.
9) Owing to greater mass and charge, it is able to knock out/pull out electrons which colliding with atoms and molecules in its path.
10) T = 20 minutes t = 60 minutes N/No = (1/2)n = (1/2)60/20 = (1/2) 3 =1/8 After one hour, 1/8th of the original mass would remain.
11) The nucleus looses energy, but remains same isotope it was.
12) No a nucleus either emits a particle or a particle and if left in the exited state, it may emit ray also.
13) 1:1 (independent of A).
14) At t = T
N = No / 2 Using N = No e- t
e- t

No / 2 = No
Solving we get, T1/2 = ln2/ = 0.693/
15) Size of nucleus can approximately be estimated using the concept of distance of closest approach. The rebounding particle is selected and
its information is substituted in the expression Ro = 1/4Eo x 2Ze2 / E for particle where E is its energy.
B. Using N =No (1/2)t//2 N =1/16No 1/16 = (1/2)t//2 T1/2 = 30/4 = 7.5 days.
17) 235 = 142+Y+3 Y = 90
And 92 = 57+Z+0
Z = 35

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18) a) Yes. Since X & Y are having same atomic number.

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b) Y4 3 is likely to be more stable because for its neutron to proton ratio is smaller.

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19) Disintegration constant =0.693/T1/2

=0.693/30x24x60x60
Therefore T avg =1.44xT1/2 = 1.44x30 = 43.2 days.
20) Remaining amount (undecayed) =1/4N0
Using N= N 0 (1/2)t/T1/2
1/4= (1/2) t/60
Solving t=2x60=120days

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Solving t=2x60=120days

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21) Mass defect m= (22.9945-22.9898) =0.00474

Energy Q= (0.00474) (931.5)

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=4.4MeV
Hence the energy of beta particle can range from 0 to 4.4MeV.

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22) a) Using R=R0 e -t

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=0.113min-1
b) Using T1/2=0.693/ =0.693/0.113 =6.132min
23) In the process of beta decay, a neutron gets converted to proton inside the nucleus . Hence number of neutrons decreases by one whereas
number of proton increases by one. Hence n/p ratio decreases.
210 Bi

83--------------------

210 Po

84

+ 0 -1 +

Before decay =127/83

After decay=126/84
24) Let and be the decay constant of element A and B respectively. Given is
T1/2(A) = T1/2(B)
0.693/=1/ or / =0.693
Let N be the number of atoms of each of the two samples and R and R their disintegration rate, then
R/R= N/ N= / =0.693
R > R
25) Find m using
m= (7x1.00783+7x1.00867-14.003074) U
Calculate Eb =mx931.5 MeV
26) a) 226 Ra88--------------222Rn86 +4 He2
b) 32P15------------------ 32S1 6 +0 e -1 +
c) 32P15------------------ 11B5 +0 e +1 +

27) i) 6 Li3 +1 n0 ----------3 H 1 + 4 He2 +Q (energy)

ii) Q=mx931 MeV
Where m=6.01512+1.0086654-4.0026044-3.0100000

CBSE Physics (Chapter Wise With Hint / Solution) Class XII (By Mr. Sreekumaran Nair)

Physics - Mr. Sreekumaran Nair

Atomic Nucleus

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