LIF101Midsemesterexamination2292012,7:30to9:30AM

PleasewriteyournameandRollNo.andsigntheObjectiveresponsesheet.Allquestionshave
onlyONEcorrectchoiceeitherA,B,CorD.Pleasefillthebubblecorrespondingtoyourchoicein
theanswersheetwithaPENCIL.Fillonlyonebubbleperquestion.Incaseyouhavefilledthe
correctbubbleyouwillbeawarded+1.Incaseyouhavefilledthewrongbubbleormorethan
onebubbleyouwillbeawardedminus0.25.Youwillbeawarded0ifyouhavenotfilledany
bubble.
YouhavefoundaneworganismonearththatdoesnotusethecoenzymeFADH2atall.
InallstepsduringaerobicrespirationwhereFADH2wasformedNADHisproduced
instead.WhichofthefollowingisthenumberofATPmoleculesproducedinthisnew
organismperglucosemolecule?
36ATP
38ATP
30ATP
40ATP

Youhavebeengiventwolightmicroscopeoneusesredlightasthesourceof
illuminationandtheotheroneusesbluelightasthesourceofillumination.Whichofthe
followingwouldbeseenwiththebluelightmicroscopebutnottheredlightmicroscope
DNAmoleculeofdiameter0.002m
Abacterialcellofdiameter1m
Abacteriophagevirus0.2minsize
ARibosome,0.05mindiameter

WhichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionofthesterolsinthemembrane
Maintenanceofthefluidityoftheplasmamembrane
Transportingmoleculesacrossthemembrane

 Maintenanceoftheintegrityoftheplasmamembrane
Helpingtokeepproteinstogetherinthelipidrafts

Whichofthefollowingcannotbecitedasanevidenceforthetheoryofendosymbiotic
originofmitochondria
Mitochondriahaveelectrontransportsystemsontheirmembranes
MitochondriacontaintheirownDNA
MitochondriagenerateATPinthecell
Mitochondriacanreplicatebyaprocesssimilartotheprokaryotes

C3plantsclosetheirstomatainleafduringthedayunderhotdryconditionshence
thereisbuildupofoxygen(producedfromthelightreactionofphotosynthesis)while
carbondioxidecannotenter,therefore,glucosesynthesisbecomesinefficient.Cactus
plantslivinginthedessertareabletosynthesizeglucoseefficientlyduringthedayeven
inhotdryconditionsofthedessertbecausetheyhaveundergonethefollowing
modification:
Theyhavethickwaxyleavessotheydonotlosewaterfromthesurfaceoftheleaves
andthuscankeepthestomataopenduringtheday
Theyfixcarbondioxideintwodifferentcelltypes,onecellfixesittoform
oxaloacetatewhichisthentransferredtotheothercellwhereitisconvertedback
intoCO2andcanentertheCalvinBensoncycle.
TheyfixcarbondioxideduringthenightwhenthestomataareopenandCO2is
available.TheyconvertCO2intoanintermediatewhichisstoredandlaterused
duringthedayintheClavinBensoncycletoproduceglucose.
TheseplantsuseanalternativeformoftheCalvinBensoncyclewhichbypassesthe
needforCO2tosynthesizeglucose.

 Afterfastingforfourteenhourswhichofthefollowingwouldbetrue
Thebodysglycogenstoreswillstartreleasingglucose
ThetriglycerideswillbegintobebrokendowntoproduceATP
Allmetabolicreactionswouldstopasallthesourcesofenergyhavebeenusedup
AllproteinsynthesiswouldbestoppedasaminoacidswouldnowenterKrebscycle

Whichofthefollowingcantakeplaceinthepresenceofaninducerofmicrotubule
depolymerization
Separationofchromosomesduringcelldivision
Transportofvesiclesusingkinesinasamotor
Beatingofciliaofthecellsliningthewindpipe
Movementofbacteriausingtheirflagella

Whichofthefollowingpropertiesofphospholipidsisresponsiblefortheirspontaneous
assemblyintobilayersinaqueousenvironment
Phospholipidshavehighdipolemoment
Phospholipidshaveapolarheadandtwononpolartails
Phospholipidscanstronglyinteractwithmembraneproteins
Phospholipidshavesaturatedfattyacidtailsthereforetheypacktogethertightly

Whichofthefollowingcarbohydratesiscomposedofothermoleculesbesidesglucose
Cellulose
Sucrose
Starch
Glycogen

 Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofacovalentbond
A)ThebondbetweenthesidechainofaLysineaminoacidinaHistoneproteinandthe
phosphategroupofadoublestrandedDNAmolecule.
B)ThebondbetweenCytosineononestrandandthecomplementaryGuanineofthe
otherstrandofadoublestrandedDNAmolecule.
C)Thebondbetweenthenitrogenbaseandthedeoxyribosesugarofasingle
nucleotideresiduewithinadoublestrandedDNAmolecule.
D)ThebondbetweentheCytosineandtheGuanineresiduesthatareseparatedby10
nucleotidesonthesamestrandofadoublestrandedDNAmolecule.

DuringphotosynthesistheoxygeninGlucosecomesfromwhichofthefollowing
Thewaterthatsplitsduringthelightdependentstepsofphotosynthesis
TheCarbondioxidethatisfixedduringCalvinBensoncycle
ThePhosphategroupoftheATPthatisusedduringtheCalvinBensoncycle
Themolecularoxygenthatisproducedattheendofthelightreactionof
photosynthesis

Whichofthefollowingisexclusivelypresentinaproteinhavingquarternarystructure
butneverpresentinaproteinlackingquarternarystructure
Morethanonetypeofsecondarystructure
Coenzymemolecules
Morethanonepolypeptidechain
Aminoacidssidechainsthatareengagedincovalentbonds

 TheoptionsbelowaretheamountsofA,T,GandC,respectivelyinmillimoles,obtained
fromtheDNAofE.coli,abacteria.Consideringthemarginofexperimentalerror,which
oftheoptionsbelowislikelytobecorrect
983,452,543and728
450,905,307and612
633,631,540and538
Cannotbepredicted

Whatisthesequenceoflocationsinthecellthataplasmamembraneproteinpasses
throughtoreachitsdestination
NucleustoERtogolgitoexocyticvesicletoplasmamembrane
ERtogolgitoexocyticvesicletoplasmamembrane
ERtogolgitomitochondriatoplasmamembrane
ERtogolgitolysosometoplasmamembrane

Whichofthefollowingprocessesinvolvesaselectivemovementofbiologicalmaterial
acrossamembrane
Diffusion
Osmosis
Reverseosmosis
Receptormediatedendocytosis
Whichoneofthefollowingisusedbytheenzymetoincreasetherateofthereactionit
catalyzes
Enzymesgetcleavedreleasingtheactivationenergyneededforthereaction
Enzymesusecoenzymesaselectronacceptorstoincreasetherateofareaction

 EnzymeshydrolyzeATPtoreleaseenergyforincreasingtherateofchemical
reactions
Enzymesincreasethelocalconcentrationofreactantsthusincreasingtherateof
thereaction

Asprinter,duringa100mrace,islikelytouseenergyfromwhichofthefollowing
processes?
Krebscycle
Electrontransportchainandoxidativephosphorylation
Lactatefermentation
Triglyceridebreakdown

Duringwintercoconutoilsolidifies.Thisisduetothefollowingreason
Coconutoilisprimarilycomposedofpolyunsaturatedfattyacids
Coconutoilisprimarilycomposedofsaturatedfattyacids
Coconutoilisprimarilycomposedofsteroids
Coconutoilisprimarilycomposedofmonounsaturatedfattyacidsinthetrans
configuration

FormationofGlucose6phosphatefromGlucoseisanexampleofthefollowingtypeof
metabolicreaction
Condensation
Electrontransfer
Rearrangement
Functionalgrouptransfer

 Whichofthefollowingaminoacidsisnotlikelytobepresentinanalphahelix
Lysine
Proline
Glutamicacid
Cysteine
WhatistheperiodicityoftheDNAdoublehelixasdescribedbyWatsonandCrick
9
10
11
12

InwhichofthefollowinglocationsinthecelltRNAandribosomesarenotfound
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Smoothendoplasmicreticulum

Aerobicrespirationisfarmoreefficientthananaerobicrespirationintermsofthe
energyreleasedperglucosemolecule.Yetintheancientworldanaerobicrespiration
waspredominating.Thiswasduetothefollowingreason:
Nonavailabilityofoxygen
Intheancientworldalllifeoriginatedunderwater
Onlycyclicelectrontransferwaspresent
Therewerenomitochondriainthecellsatthattime

Whenasphericalcellgrowsinsizebyincreasingitsdiameterbyfourfolditwouldhave

tomakecertainchangesinordertosustaintheincreasedvolumeofcytoplasm.Which
oneofthefollowingchangeswouldbethemosteffective:
Changingitsshapetobecomeacubeinsteadofasphere
Increasingtherateofbreakdownofstoredglycogentoproducemoreglucose
Increasingitssurfaceareabyfoldingthemembraneinmanyfingerlike
projections
Decreasingtherateofgenerationofwasteproductsinsidethecell

Whichofthefollowingisadisaccharide
Sucrose
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

WhenthepHoftheinsideofthestomachis2,thentheconcentrationof[OH]ions
insideofthestomachis
2M
12M
1012M
102M

Apolypeptidechaininalphahelixconformationiscomposedofthefollowingamino
acidsequencefromtheaminoterminustothecarboxylterminus:TyrosineLysine
GutamicacidPhenylalanineCysteineValineGlycineMethionine.Theoxygenofthe
carbonylgroupofthelysineisinhydrogenbondwiththehydrogenoftheaminogroup
ofwhichaminoacid
Phenylalanine

 Cysteine
Valine
Glycine
WhichofthefollowingnucleotidesisnotfoundinRNA
ATP
CTP
GTP
TTP

Whichofthefollowingcannottakeplaceinsidethenucleus
SynthesisofRNA
SynthesisofDNA
Synthesisofribosomes
Synthesisofproteins

Derivativesofwhichofthefollowingclassesofbiomoleculesaremostfrequentlyabused
incompetitivesports
Carbohydrates
Ribonucleicacids
Lipids
Deoxyribonucleicacids

Aftertakingacourseofantibiotics,cowsoftensufferfromatemporarycondition
becauseofwhichtheycannotdigestgrass.Thisconditionislikelytobetheresultof
whichofthefollowing
AntibioticsmodifytheenzymecalledAmylaseinthesalivaresponsiblefordigesting

thestarchingrass.
Antibioticsinhibittheglucosetransporterresponsibleforabsorptionofglucosein
theintestine.
Antibioticsinhibittheenzymeinthegutwhichisresponsiblefordigestionof
glycogeningrass.
TheAntibioticskillallthebeneficialbacteriainthegutincludingtheones
necessaryfordigestionofcelluloseingrass.

WhichofthefollowingphenomenainlivingsystemsisNOTdependentontheabilityof
watermoleculestoformhydrogenbondswitheachother
Reductioninwaterlossthroughthestomatainleafcellsduringhotdrydays.
Coolingthesurfaceoftheskinbyevaporationofsweat.
Watermoleculestravelingfromtheroottotheleavesofplants.
Preventingthebloodoffishesfromfreezinginwinter.

Inanemergencywherebloodtransfusionisrequired,amajorproblemismatchingthe
bloodgroupofthedonorandtherecipient.Recentlyscientistshavediscoveredan
enzymethatcanbeusedtopretreatbloodfromanydonorsothatitcanbetransfused
toanyrecipientirrespectiveofhisorherbloodgroup.Whichofthefollowingislikelyto
betheactivityofthisenzyme
Proteinase,anenzymethatbreaksdownproteins
Lipase,anenzymethatbreaksdownlipids
Glycosidase,anenzymethatcleavestheglycosidiclinkagebetweensugarresidues
Nuclease,anenzymethatbreaksdownnucleicacids

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 WhichofthefollowingcanbeperformedbyRNA
Serveasatemplateforproteinsynthesis
Catalyzeabiochemicalreaction
Serveasthestorageforgeneticinformation
Alloftheabove

WhichofthefollowingmoleculesareNEVERfoundintheplasmamembrane
Glycoproteins
Proteoglycans
Glycolipids
Sterols

WhichofthefollowingislikelytoyieldmoremoleculesofATPwhenitentersthe
aerobicrespirationpathway
Onemoleculeoftriglyceridewherethefattyacidsareallstearicacid
Threemoleculesofstearicacid
Onemoleculeofglucose
Onemoleculeofgalactose

Inwhichofthefollowinglocationsinabacterialcellwouldthecomponentsofthe
anaerobicelectrontransportsystembelocated
Inthecellmembrane
Inthecellwall
Inthecilia

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 Inthemitochondrialinnermembrane

Fromfoodwederiveenergywhichisexpressedintermsofcalories.Whatisthe
ultimatesourceofenergyinfood?
Glucose
ATP
Fat
Sunlight

DuringGlycolysistheenzymephosphofructokinase(PFK)catalyzesthereactionwhere
thesubstratesareFructose6phosphateandATPandtheproductisFructose1,6
bisphosphate.AtveryhighlevelsofATPtheATPcanbindtoasiteotherthantheactive
siteofPFKanddecreasethebindingoftheenzymetoitssubstrates.Thisisanexample
of
Allostericactivation
Allostericinhibition
Competitiveinhibition
Competitiveactivation

WhichofthefollowingorganelleswithinacellhasaverylowpH
Peroxisome
Smoothendoplasmicreticulum
Roughendoplasmicreticulum
Lysosome

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