BIOCHEMISTRY

1. The inhibition in a noncompetitive reaction:

a. competes with the active site of the enzyme
c. increases the rate of reaction
b. binds simultaneously with substrate other than the active site
d. both b and c
2. The order and sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide determines what protein structure?
a. primary
b. secondary c. tertiary
d. quaternary
3. Amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the organism are called _________
a. non essential amino acids b. essential amino acids c. standard amino acids d.alpha amino acids
4. Which hormone regulates the level of blood sodium?
a. aldosterone
b. sterol
c. corticosteroid
d. cortisone
5. It is a precursor of vitamin A
a. B- carotene
b. retinol
c. retinal
d. opium
6. Which of the following is a precursor of vitamin D?
a. prostaglandin
b. linoleic acid
c. cholesterol
d. aldosterone
7. Which of these class enzymes introduces a double bond by the removal of hydrogen?
a. dehydrogenase
b. dehydrolase
c. decarboxylase
d. lipase
8. The ionic property of amino acid is exhibited by its
a. zwitterions form b. NH2 group
c. COO group
d. positively charged groups
9. All of the following are simple proteins except:
a. glutelins
b. globulins
c. albumins
d. glycoproteins
10. The simplest monosaccharide is
a. erythrose
b. starch
c. glyceraldehydes
d. arabinose
11. Denaturation of protein is a result of:
a. cleavage of the peptide bond b. Formation of H- bond c. breaking of H- bond d. none of these
12. Competitive inhibition is a __________ reaction
a. reversible b. irreversible c. pH and temperature
d. none of these
13. In the Seliwanoffs test, the reaction of resorcinol and acid on the sugar forms
a. hydroxymethyl furfural
b. pyranose
c. hydrazine
d. purine
14. High concentration of neutral salts causes the precipitation of proteins. This is called
________
a. salting out
b. salting in
c. coagulation
d. both b and c
15. The type of enzyme inhibition reaction whereby the inhibitor competes with the substrate at
the active site:
a. competitive inhibition
c. reversible inhibition
b. noncompetitive inhibition
d. incomplete inhibition
16. The following are waxes except:
a. beeswax
b. sperm oil
c. bile acids
d. lanolin
17. The inactive form of enzymes are called:
a. zymogens
b. apoenzymes
c. cofactor
d. both b and c
18. Which of the following amino acids has no alpha amino group?
a. proline
b. hydroxyproline
c. glycine
d. both a and b
19. An enzyme is a substance which
a. convert heat to energy
c. change chemically in reaction
b. act as a catalyst
d. is not specific in reaction
20. Milk curdling enzyme present in gastric juice of infants:
a. pepsin
b. rennin
c. trypsin
d. maltase
21. Carbohydrates are
a. polyhydroxyaldehydes/ polyhydroxyketones
c. polyhydroxy acids
b. hemiacetals
d. polymers of amino acids
22. Insulin is usually classified as:
a. protein
b. enzyme
c. hormone
d. carbohydrates
23. What amount of glucose is present in the human blood?
a. 60 to 90 mg in 100ml blood
c. 2% of the total human body weight
b. 5 to 6 g in 100ml blood
d. none of these
24. It is the organelle which serves as the site of the electron transport chain.
a. mitochondria
b. ribosome
c. nucleus
d. lysosome

BIOCHEMISTRY
25. The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is:
a. galactose
b. fructose
c. glucose
d. arabinose
26. Iodine test is a reaction which may be used to identify carbohydrates. The reaction is due to
a. presence of the free aldehyde group
c. presence of amylose portion
b. presence of alcohol group
d. presence of glucose
27. Benedicts reagent yield positive result to:
a. monosaccharide only
b. reducing sugars
c. sucrose
d. polysaccharides
28. Hypertonic solutions will cause the cell to:
a. swell
b. shrink
c. burst
d. undergo hydrolysis
29. Rancidity of fats maybe due to:
a. oxidation
b. hydrogenation
c. saponification
d. condensation
30. The deficiency of this hormone causes diabetes mellitus:
a. progesterone
b. testosterone
c. insulin
d. glucagons
31. The active proteolytic enzyme in gastric juice is:
a. pepsin
b. trypsin
c. maltase
d. catalase
32. The site of oxidation reaction in electron transport chain is in the
a. nucleus
b. mitochondrion
c. ribosome
d. golgi bodies
33. Protein digestion starts in the
a. mouth
b. stomach
c. intestine
d. pancreas
34. The conversion of an amino acid to sugar is:
a. gluconeogenesis b. glycolysis
c. glycogenesis
d. glycogenolysis
35. Which of the following is not an amino acid?
a. leucine
b. choline
c. valine
d. glycine
36. The protein part of the enzyme molecule is the:
a. apoenzymes
b. coenzyme
c. cofactor
d. holoenzyme
37. Optimum temperature for enzyme activity in the body:
a. 40C
b. 60C
c. 37C
d. 10C
38. Glucose is stored in the liver as:
a. galactose
b. glycogen
c. lactose
d. fructose
39. The enzyme conformation adapts to the incoming substrate in
a. Lock and Key theory
c. competitive inhibition
b. Induced fit theory
d. noncompetitive inhibition
40. The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called:
a. gluconeogenesis b. glycogenesis
c. glycolysis
d. glycogenolysis
41. All are pyrimidine bases except:
a. guanine
b. cytosine
c. uracil
d. thymine
42. Glucose, amino acid and fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle by their conversion into:
a. pyruvate
b. acetyl CoA
c. acetoacetyl CoA
d. palmitic acid
43. A hormone which stimulates glycogenesis:
a. insulin
b. glucagons
c. epinephrine
d. vasopressin
44. Chemicals extracted from organism such as bacteria and can inhibit growth or destroy other
microorganism:
a. antibiotic
b. enzyme
c. hormone
d. vitamins
45. The gland or tissue that regulates the blood glucose level:
a. parathyroid
b. thyroid
c. pancreas
d. adrenal
46. Which vitamin is formed in the body by exposure to ultraviolet irradiation or sunlight?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin B
c. vitamin C
d. vitamin D
47. Excess vitamin A and D is stored in the body, but excess vitamin and C is readily excreted.
What property shows this?
a. vit. C and B are water- soluble b. vit.A and D are fat- soluble c. both a and b d. none of these
48. It is the entire genetic makeup of an organism
a. gene
b. anticodon
c. codon
d. mutation
49. The vitamin which is used in the prevention of degenerative changes in the central nervous
system:
a. vit. A
b. vit. B complex
c. vit. C
d. vit. D
50. It is a model which best explains the enzyme-substrate action:

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. lock and key

b. molecular

c. VSEPR

d. Kreb

51. The activation of pepsinogen requires:

a. pepsin
b. NaOH
c. enterokinase
d. HCl
52. DNA is primarily found in the
a. cytosol
b. nucleus/mitochondria
c. cell wall
d. endoplasmic reticulum
53. It is the enzyme which hydrolyzes starch to dextrin and maltose:
a. catalase
b. amylase
c. pepsin
d. lactase
54. A synthetic DNA is called
a. replicated DNA
b. plasmid
c. Gene
d. recombinant DNA
55. Hydrolysis of ATP is an
a. energy requiring reaction
c. no energy is involved
b. energy producing reaction
d. energy is absorbed
56. Which of the following is a characteristic of lipid?
a. zwitterions
b. amphiphilic
c. hydrophobic
d. hydrophilic
57. It is a condition that results when sugar level is below normal
a. hypoglycemia
b. hyperglycemia
c. ketonuria
d. uremia
58. An example of globular protein
a. albumin
b. collagen
c. fibrin
d. silk
59. Complementary base pairs in the DNA double helix are bonded by
a. H-bond
b. Van der Waals
c. ester bond
d. dipole-dipole
60. Which nitrogen base is not found in DNA?
a. thymine
b. cytosine
c. uracil
d. guanine
61. An organic cofactor in an enzyme
a. vitamins
b. coenzymes
c. a and b
d. none of these
62. At what stage of glucose oxidation is most of the energy produced?
a. glycolysis
b. aerobic stage
c. glycogenesis
d. glygenolysis
63. The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are:
a. purines
b. pyrimidines
c. fatty acids
d. a and b
64. It is responsible for the storage and transmission of genetic information
a. adenine
b. RNA
c. DNA
d. nucleic acid
65. Build up of urea in the blood is called
a. ketonuria
b. glycemia
c. uremia
d. all of these
66. The transfer of genetic information from DNA by the formation of mRNA
a. transcription
b. translation
c. trans-amination
d. replication
67. What is the end product of electron transport chain?
a. oxygen
b. hydrogen
c. carbon dioxide
d. water
68. The energy producing reaction
a. metabolic
b. catabolic
c. anabolic
d. all of these
69. It is the molecule that directs the activityof the cells
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. nucleoproteins
d. hormones
70. The sugar involved in DNA
a. ribose
b. pentose
c. deoxyribose
d. xylose
71. The common metabolic pathway is
a. glycolysis
b. beta oxidation
c. Krebs cycled. glucogenesis
72. Rosenheims test is used to detect the presence of:
a. ethanolamine
b. choline
c. cholesterol
d. glycone moiety
73. Detects the presence of alpha amino acids:
a. Biuret
b. Molisch
c. Ninhydrin
d. Hopkins-cole
74. The process of producing fats from acetyl Co-A is called:
a. glycolysis
b. lipogenesis
c. glycogenolysis
d. glucogenesis
75. The following are test reagents to detect the presence of amino acids, except:
a. Grignards
b. Xanthoproteic
c. Millon-Nasse
d. Sakaguchi
76. The condition that lowers the pH of the blood due to starvation is called
a. acidosis
b. alkalosis
c. hyperglycemia
d. glycosuria
77. The substance responsible for the emulsion of fats is:

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. HCl

b. bile acids

c. pepsin

d. trypsin

78. Hubls solution if used to ascertain degree of:

a. saturation
b. unsaturation
c. peroxidation
d. acidity
79. IUPAC name of acrolein:
a. pentenal
b. propenal
c. hexanal
d. acetone
80. The positive indication for the presence of glycerol in acrolein test:
a. yellow colored solution
c. silver mirror formed in the test tube
b. black markings in filter paper
d. play of colors from blue to shades of red
81. Cerebrosides are positive in the following tests, except:
a. Molisch
b. Biuret
c. Lassaignes
d. none of the above
82. Osmic test is used to detect the presence of __________ in lipids:
a. metals
b.prosthetic groups c. unsaturated groups d. glycerol
83. The most sensitive chemical test to detect the presence of cholesterol:
a. Liebermann-Burchard
c. Formaldehyde-sulfuric acid
b. Salkowski reaction
d. Colorimetric spectrophotometry
84. The following are phospholipids, except:
a. plasmalogen
b. lecithin
c. cephalin
d. choline
85. A mixed triglyceride contains:
a. three similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol
b. two similar fatty acids esterified with glycerol
c. three different fatty acids esterified with glycerol
d. all of the above choices
86. The central compound found in the structure of sphingolipids:
a. glycerol
b. sphingosine
c. ceramide
d. phosphocholine
87. Lipid whose specific test is the Furter-Meyer test:
a. tocopherol
b. retinal
c. sphingomyelin
d. cerebroside
88. Precipitate of _________ indicates the presence of phospholipids in the lipid sample:
a. ammonium phosphomolybdate
c. phosphorus triiodide
b.phosphorus periodate
d. phosphor-ammonium sulfate complex
89. The following are glycolipids, except:
a. globosides
b. phosphatides
c. gangliosides
d. cerebrosides
90. The parent compound of phospholipids:
a. glycerol
b. phosphatidic acid
c. ethanolamine
d. none of the above
91. A non- pentose sugar which is also positive for Tollens phloroglucinol test:
a. galactose
b. glucose
c. fructose
d. cellobiose
92. The reagent present in Molisch test which is responsible for the dehydration reaction:
a. sodium carbonate b. magnesium stearate
c. sulfuric acid
d. NaOH
93. ID test to detect the presence of glycogen:
a. phloroglucinol
b. molisch
c. iodine
d. seliwanoff
94. The only sugar readily forms insoluble osazone crystals:
a. lactose
b. sucrose
c. mannose
d. sucrose
95. Important structural material found in the exoskeleton of many lower animals:
a. chondroitin
b. heparin
c. hyaluronic acid
d. chitin
96. Hydrolysis of osazones produce:
a. phenylhydrazones b. ozones
c. sugars
d. none of the above
97. General term for a group of polysaccharides present on the primary cell wall:
a. xanthan
b. mucilage
c. pectin
d. carageenan
98. Specific test for galactose, due to the formation of highly insoluble crystals:
a. phenylhydrazine test
b. fermentation
c. mucic acid
d. molisch
99. Type of RNA which serves as template for the amino acid sequence being synthesized:
a. mRNA
b. tRNA
c. rRNA
d. snRNA
100. Positive indication for Anthrone test:
a. purple ring
b. blue-green color
c. effervescence
d. yellow ppt
101. Differentiating test between helical and linear polysaccharides:

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. Molisch

b. iodine

c. Schweitzer

d. fermentation

102. The difference between Benedicts and Barfoeds test reagent lies in:
a. sequestering agent used

b. active component used

c. pH of the solution

d. alkali used

103. Hydrolytic product of chitin:

a. iduronatet
d. glucuronic acid

b. acetylgalactosamine

c. acetylglucosamine

104. Glucose and fructose are:

a. anomers

b. epimers

c. geometric isomers

d. allosteres

105. The complementary strand of CGACCTTGATCGACGTCGA:

a. TCGTTCCAGCTAGTAACTAG
b. GCTGGAACTAGCTGCAGCT

c. AGCAAGGTCGATCATGATC
d. ATCAAGGTCGATCATGATC

106. Alkaline bismuth reagent is used to detect the presence of:

a. polysaccharides
d. glycitols

b. disaccharides

c. reducing sugars

107. Action of dilute alkali on sugars:

a. dehydration
d. tautomerization

b. hyperconjunction

c. hydrolysis

108. The following are the components of DNA nucleosides, except:

a. phosphoric acid

b. sugar

c. adenine

d. cytosine

109. Central dogma concept wherein the RNA molecule is used as template for the synthesis of
DNA molecule:
a. transcription
b. translation
d. none of the above

c. mutation

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110. The following proteins are present in egg white, except:
a. ovomucin
d. osseomucoid

b. ovoglobulin

c. albumin

b. mitochondria

c. cytoplasm

111. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the:

a. nucleus
d. lysosomes

112. Ketogenic amino acids:

a. leucine

b. tyrosine

c. phenylalamine

d. all of the above

113. Osazone test is also known as:

a. Nylanders test
d. Folins test

b. Kowarsky test

c. Trommers test

114. Genetic defect characterized by mental retardation and cataract, since the
sugar is toxic to the

unmetabolized

lens of the eyes:

a. galactosemia
d. fructosuria

b. fructosemia

c. pentosuria

115. Body functions of lipids:

a. transformation into proteins and carbohydrates
paddings for organs
b. catabolism to provide body with heat and energy

c. insulation and
d. all of the above

116. Pyridoxine is a compound of this enzyme:

a. enolase

b. decarboxylase

c. hydrogenase

d. isomerase

117. The following are neutral amino acids, except:

a. methionine

b. lysine

c. threonine

118. In man, the principal end product of protein metabolism is:

d. leucine

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. uric acid

b. lactic acid

c. pyruvic acid

d. urea

119. Condition wherein acetone accumulates in the blood:

a. ketosuria

b. ketonemia

c. ketosis

d. ketonuria

120. Glutamine is a _____ amino acid :

a. neutral

b. basic

c. acidic

d. racemin

121. Oxidation product of ketone bodies:

a. reduced sugars

b. carbon dioxide

c. alcohols

d. aldehydes

122. Phosphoprotein found in egg yolk:

a. ovocasein

b. tendomucoid

c. vitelin

d. avidin

123. Amino acids positive for Sakaguchi reaction:

a. gelatin

b. alanine

c. arginine

d. tyrosine

124. Histidine is negative for:

a. Pauly reaction
d. Xanthoproteic

b. Sodium Nitroprusside

c. Ninhydrine

125. An official simple protein obtained from corn:

a. glutelion

b. gliadin

c. zein

d. maize

126. Principle involved in the isolation of casein milk:

a. salting in
precipitation

b. salting out

c. isoelectric

d. none of the above

127. Process of converting liver glycogen into blood glucose:

a. glycogenolysis
d. glycogenesis

b. gluconeogenesis

128. Genetic information is stored and carried in all cells by:

c. glycolysis

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. single-stranded DNA

c. double-stranded RNA

b. double-stranded DNA

d. single-stranded circular DNA

129. Principal site for the synthesis of urea:

a. kidney

b. liver

c. spleen

d. intestinal mucosa

130. Pentose present in gum Arabic:

a. xylose

b. ribose

c. arabinose

d. threose

131. Which of the following is responsible for the transfer of genetic information?
a. ATPb. GTP

c. DNA

d. RNA

132. Only form of inorganic nitrogen which can be utilized by living cells:
a. urea

b. ornithine

c. ammonia

d. nitrogen gas

133. The following are essential amino acids, except:

a. tyrosine

b. lysine

c. methionine

d. arginine

134. The chief end product of purine metabolism in man:

a. CO

b. urea

c. uric acid

d. ammonia

135. The principal end product of protein metabolism:

a. carbon dioxide

b. ammonia

c. hippuric acid

d. urea

136. Presence of glucose in appreciable amounts in the urine:

a. Hematuria

b. glycosuria

c. glycosemia

d. albuminuria

137. The following are the tests for kidney efficiency, except:
a. phenylsulfophthelein test b. urea clearance test
d. crystallization method

c. water output test

BIOCHEMISTRY
138. Growth hormone is also known as:
a. thyrotropic hormone
interstitial stimulating hormone

b. somatotropin

c. gonadotropind.

139. What is the anti-codon in tRNA that corresponds to the codon ACG in mRNA?
a. UGC

b. TGC

c. GCA

d. CGU

140. Condition wherein bile pigment is present in excess in the blood:

a. jaundice

b. hepatitis

c. cirrhosis

d. cystic fibrosis

141. The following are non-essential amino acids, except:

a. glycine

b. leucine

c. cysteine

d. glutamine

142. Principal digestive constituent of the gastric juice:

a. trypsin

b. pepsin

c. gastrin

d. enterokinase

143. Condition wherein the concentration of uric acid accumulates in blood

high as 15 mg. Percent:
a. leukemia

b. gout

c. murexia

reaches as

d. any of the above

144. The study of the composition and the chemical processes occurring in the
is:
a. qualitative chemistry

c biochemistry

b. organic chemistry
e. inorganic chemistry

d. quantitative chemistry

living matter

145. What is wobble?

a.
b.
c.
d.

the ability of certain anticodons to pair with codons that differ at the third base
an error in translation induced by streptomycin
a mechanism that allows for a peptide extension in the 50S sub-unit of the ribosome
thermal motions leading to local denaturation of the DNA double helix

146. The most important function of HCl in the stomach is:

BIOCHEMISTRY
a. hydrolysis of protein
b. neutralization of chyme

c. activation of pepsinogen
d. destruction of bacteria

e. stimulation of pancreatic secretion

147. Transamination is:

a. conversion of amino acid to hydroxy acid
to keto acids
b. loss of ammonia from amino acid
ammonium salt from ammonia

c. conversion of amino acid

d. formation of

148. The lipid that is converted to Vitamin D12 upon irradiation:

a. ergosterol

b. glycerol

c. cholesterol

d. all of the above

149. The metabolic degradation of hemoglobin takes place principally in:

a. the reticuloendothilial system

c. the white blood cells

b. the red blood cells

d. the liver cell

150. The amino acid that is an important precursor of hemoglobin is:

a. alanine
d. cysteine

b. proline

c. glycine

151. Serine is converted to ethanolamine by the removal of:

a. oxygen
b. ammonia
d. a carboxyl group

c. carbon dioxide

152. Ninhydrin gives a blue coloration with:

a. proteins
d. simple sugars

b. carbohydrates

c. amino acids

153. Which is the monomer unit of proteins?

a. amino acid

b. monosaccharide

c. fatty acid

154. The proteinase that is found mostly in gastric juice of young animals:
a. rennin

c. steapsin

b. pepsin

d. ptyalin

e. none of the above

d. purine

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155. Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates:
a. nucleoproteins
chromoproteins

b. glycoproteins

c. phosphoproteins

d.

c. glutamic acid

d.

156. Gamma decarboxylation of aspartic acid produces:

a. alanine

b. asparagines

glycine
157. Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino
except:
a. alanine

b. glycine

c. leucine

acids,

d. valine

158. It is a disease due to protein deficiency:

a. Kwashiorkor

b. diabetes

c. albuminuria

d. jaundice

159. Which of the following amino acids is not essential in mammals?

a. phenylaline

b. lysine

c. tyrosine

d. methionine

160. The following are examples of chromopretien, except:

a. chlorophyll

b. hemoglobin

c. cytochromes

d. heparin

161. For the amino acid cysteine, choose the appropriate description of its side chain:
a. acidic

b. basic

c. aromatic

d. sulfur-containing

162. Which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge at physiologic pH?
a. cysteine

b. glutamic acid

c. lysine

d. valine

163. Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal
hemoglobin molecule.
The mutational event responsible for the mutation in the beta chain is:
a. crossing over

b. insertion

c. deletion

d. point mutation

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164. When starches are heated , they produce:
a. sugars

b. glycogen

c. dextrins

d. disaccharide

165. Check the incorrect statement:

a. ribose is an aldopentose

c. galactose is an aldohexose

b. maltose is a ketohexose

d. glucose is an aldohexose

166. The reducing property of sugars is due to this group:

a. aldehyde

b. nitro

c. carboxyl

d. methyl

167. The monosaccharide most rapidly absorbed from the small intestine is:
a. glucose

b. fructose

c. mannose

d. galactose

168. A condition known as atherosclerosis results as an accumulation in the blood

of
a. calcium

b. pathogens

c. cholesterol

vessels

d. ketones

169. Ketoses can be differentiated from aldoses by this test:

a. Molischs test

b. Benedicts test

c. Seliwanoffs test

d. Tollens

test

170. The clinical test for the determination of cholesterol:

a. Liebermann-Burchard b. Salkowski
d. none of the above

c. both a and b

171. Concentrated dehydrating acids change monosaccharides to:

a. simple sugars
d. uronic acids

b. saccharic acids
e. aldaric acids

c. furfurals

172. A mucopolysaccharide which possesses an anticoagulant property:

a. pectin
b. hyaluronic acid
e. chondroitin sulfate

c. heparin

d. chitin

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173. Which of the following is the test for reducing sugars for urine?
a. Benedicts test

b. acrolein test

c. Biuret test

d. Brown Ring test

174. Lactose can be differentiated from fructose by:

a. Mucic acid test
e. Tollens test

b. Barfoeds test

c. Fehlings test

d. Iodine test

175. Polymers that are responsible for the metabolic capabilities and morphology
organisms are:
a. carbohydrates

b. proteins

c. polysaccharides

of

d. nucleic acid

176. The product obtained from the partial hydrolysis of collagen:

a. myosin
d. fibrinogen

b. gelatin
e. thrombin

c. actin

177. The main carbohydrate of the blood is:

a. D-fructose

b. D-glucose c. mannitol

d. sorbitol

178. A normal value of glucose in the blood:

a. 100 to 200 mg%

b. 80120 mg%

c. 5075 mg%

d. 200300 mg%

179. Butter becomes rancid upon exposure to air due to formation of:
a. acetic acid

b. butyric acid

c. formic acid

d. propionic

acid

180. The cholesterol molecule is:

a. an aromatic ring

b. a straight chain acid

c. a steroid

d. A tocopherol

181. Which of the following is a phospholipid?

a. glycogen

b. prostaglandin

c. sphingomyelin

d. oleic acid

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182. The passage of the end products of digestion from the small intestine into the blood
stream:
a. metabolism
e. reduction

b. digestion

c. absorption

d. oxidation

183. Endocrine gland that is a small oval body situated at the base of the brain:
a. hypophysis

b. pancreas

c. adrenal

d. none of the above

184. Cellular elements of the blood devoid of nucleus:

a. RBC

b. WBC

c. thrombocytes

d. all of the above

185. Is the sum total of all activities directed towards the maintenance of life:
a. catabolism
b. anabolism
d. photosynthesis e. fermentation

c. metabolism

186. This substance accumulates in the muscles as a result of vigorous exercise:

a. muscle glycogen

b. amino acids

c. lactic acid

187. A common intermediate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids and

a. glycerol
d. oxaloacetate

b. acetyl CoA
e. acetylcholine

d. glucose

amino acids is:

c. acetoacetate

188. The principal site of glucose production in the human body is the :
a. blood

b. liver

c. pituitary gland

d. small intestine

189. The major buffer of the extracellular fluid:

a. bicarbonate-carbon dioxide
d. none of the above

b. amino acids

c. phosphate

190. Separates from cells when blood is coagulated:

a. fibrinogen
e. none of the above

b. plasma

c. serum

d. thrombin

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191. Glycolipids found in high concentrations in the brain and nerve cells especially in the
myelin sheath:
a. lecithin
d. sphingolipids

b. cephalins

c. cerebrosides

192. Alcohol in the body is :

a. oxidized to CO2 and HOH

c. excreted by kidneys

b. excreted mainly by lungs

d. excreted by large intestine

193. Which of the following tissues contains the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase and is able to
supply glucose to
the blood?
a. heart

b. brain

c. liver

d. none of the above

194. Complete digestion of all foodstuffs occurs in the :

a. large intestine
e. pancreas

b. stomach

c. mouth

d. small intestine

195. This compound is not a normal constituent of urine:

a. sodium chloride

b. albumin

c. urea

d. uric acid

196. Decomposition of carbohydrates brought about by the action of enzymes

ethyl alcohol and CO2:
a. fermentation
d. hydrolysis

b. adsorption
e. saponification

liberating

c. detoxification

197. Blood clotting can be prevented by:

a. sodium chloride

b. potassium chloride

c. sodium citrate

198. This hormone elevates blood sugar concentration:

a. insulin
d. glucagons

b. progesterone

c. estrogen

199. Deficiency in this vitamin causes red blood cell fragility:

a. vitamin A

b. vitamin K

c. Vitamin D

d. vitamin E

200. The end-product in the hydrolysis of glycogen is:

a. galactose

b. mannose

c. glucose

d. arabinose

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201. In which form is glucose stored in the liver?

a. glycogen

b. glucose (unchanged)

c. sucrose

d. starch

225. This sugar is also called an invert sugar:

A.sucrose
B.fructose
C.glucose
D.galactose
226.What type of sugar is found in nucleic acids?
A.riboses
B.glucoses
C.mannoses
D. galactose
227. The biochemical function of hemoglobin is?
A.defense
B.regulatory
C.structural
D.oxygen transport
228.The following enzymes catalyze hydrolysis reactios, except:
A.proteases
B.esterases
C.transaminases
D.nucleases
229.Porphyrins are involved in the building of:
A.bones
B.muscles
C.blood
D.connective tissue
230.Which among the folloving sugar is sweetest?
A.glucose
B.fructose
C.sucrose
D.galactose
231.Information and control centers of the cell:
A.nucleoproteins
B.enzymes
C.carbohydrates
D.lipids
232.Hydrolysis of nucleoproteins will yield:
A.nucleic acids and histones
C.nucleic acid and sugar
B.nucleic acid and purines
D.nucleic acid and pyrimidines
233.The condition wherein protein is found i hte urine is:
A.glycosuria
B.ketonuria
C.proteinuria
D.dysuria
234.alpha-hydroxy propionic acid is:
A.lactic acid
B.aminoacetic acid
C.ascorbic acid
D.pyruvic acid
235.This test detects the presence of indole rings:
A.Molishch
B.Hopkins cole
n C.Millons
D.Ninhydrin
236.The steps of central states:
A.replication, translation and transcription
C.replication, transcription and
translation
B.replication, transcription and transmission
D.transcription, translation and replication
237.Reverse transcription takes place in:
A.bacteria
B.viruses
C.algae
D.molds
238.The number off chromosomes in the human cells is:
A.41
B.42
C.43
D.46
239.Digestion of starch starts in the:
A.mouth
B.stomach
C.small intestine
D.large intestine
240. The ordered steps in protein synthesis is:
A.transcription,transplalntation,activation,elongation
B.activation, elongation, initiation, termination
C.initiation, activation, elongation, termination
D.activation,initiation, elongation, termination
241.Genetic code is
A.universal
B.composed of 3 nucleotides
C.continuous
D.all are correct
242.Which of the following is called transamination?
A.conversion of amino acids to hydroxyl acids
B.conversion of amino acids to keto acids
C.lose of ammonia from amino acids
D.formation of ammonium salts from ammonia
243.Dextran is:
A.cabohydrate
B.glucose polymer
C.glycoside
D.protein
244.A genetic disease due to defective mechanism for pyrimidine dimmers:
A.phenyl ketonuria B.xeroderma pigmentosum C.albinism D.N-glycosyl linkage

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245.The type of RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the site of protein synthesis is:
A.rRNA
B.Arna
C.mRNA
D.tRNA
246.Most allergies are caused by:
A.error in the immune system
C.dust
B.histamines produced by the body
D.all of the above
247.RNA which plays an important role in the structure and biosynthetic function of ribosome:
A.mRNA
B.rRNA
C.tRNA
D.DNA
248.In the secondary structure of RNA:
A.adenine will always pair with thymine
C.cytosine will always pair with uracil
B.cytosine will always pair with thymine
D.adenine will always pair with uracil
249. A nucleic acid is made up of:
A.sugar, nucleoside and a base
C.nitrogenous base, amino acid and sugar
B.proteins, sugar and a phosphate group
D.nitrogenous base, phosphate and
sugar
250.Bond between 2 amino acids
A.glycosidic bond
B.N-glycosyl linkage
C.peptide bond
D.hydrogen bond
251.Which of the following is not attest for protein?
A.Acrolein
B.Biuret
C.Millons
D.Xanthoproteic
252.Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form:
A.citrate
B.carnitine
C.acyl-carnitine
D.none of the above
253.The proteins that make the fur, wool, claws and feathers:
A.collagen
B.keratin
C.silk
D.none of the above
254.Liquid vegetable oils may be transformed into solid fats by the process of :
A.oxidation
B.hydrogenation
C.substitution
D.reduction
255.The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands:
A.genes
B.hormones
C.vitamins
D.enzymes
256. It is the sugar found in milk:
A.lactose
B.maltose
C.sucrose
D.raffinose
257.Prostaglandins are synthesized from:
A.oleic
B.stearic
C.essential fatty acid
D.non-essential fatty acid
258.Amino acid at an isoelectric point exists as:
A.acid
B.base
C.zwitterions
D.none of the above
259.The color of the skin, hair and eyes is due to pigment called:
A.cytochrome
B.melanin
C.keratin
D.heparin
260.Alkaline Hydrolysis of fat:
A.saponification B.hydrogenation C.alkalinization D.hyroxylation E.all of the
above
261.The only element in living matter that forms strong multiple bonds readily are:
A.oxygen
B.nitrogen
C.carbon
D.all of the above
262.Serotonin, a neurotransmitter, is derived from the amino acid:
A.tryptophan
B.threonine
C.tyrosine
D.phenylalanine
263.Alkaline hydrolysis of fat:
A.saponification B.hydrogenation C.alkalinization D.hydroxylation E.all of the
above
264.The main center of biosynthesis of nucleic acid is the:
A.cell wall
B.cytoplasm
C.nucleus
D.none of the above
265.Normal pH of the blood:
A.7.4-7.45
B.6.6-6.9
C.5.5-6.6
D.4.8-8
266.Known as good cholesterol:
A.HDL
B.ergocalciferol
C.ACTH
D.LDL
267.Blood minus its cellular components:
A.plasma
B.serum
C.hemoglobin
D.fibrin
268.Which of the following is not an amino acid:
A.leucine
B.choline
C.valine
D.lysine
269. Are globular proteins, except:

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A.collagen
B.serum albumins
C.serum globulins
D.hemoglobin
270.The precursor of vitamin A is:
A.arachidonic acid
B.isoprene
C.naphthoquinone
D.carotene
271.Are fibrous proteins, except:
A.keratin
B.histones
C.elatin
D.collagen
272.A type of antibodies that plays an important role in allergic response which causes
anaphylactic shock, hay fever and asthma:
A.IgA
B.IgM
C.IgE
D.IgG
273. An inherited disease that affect red blood cells:
A.albinism
B.hyperglycemia
C.sickle cell anemia
D.hypoglycemia
274.Are ester of fatty acids with glycerol:
A.phospholipids
B.glycolipids
C.waxes
D.fats
275.The metallic salt of a high fatty acid:
A.soap
B.detergent
C.inorganic salt
D.glycerin
276.The following are enzymes found in pancreatic juice, except:
A.papain
B.trypsin
C.chymotrypsin
D.carboxypolypeptidase
277.The following are pathological constituents of urine, except:
A.glucose
B.albumin
C.creatinine
D.blood
278.All of the following carbohydrates are considered to be polysaccharide, except:
A.heparin
B.starch
C.glycogen
D.maltose
279.Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle:
A.ACTH
B. glutamine
C.epinephrine
D.prolactin
280.Fruity odor of urine is indicative of acetone bodies, a diagnostic value in case of acidosis in :
A.diabetes insipidus
B.porphyria
C.cretinism
D.diabetes mellitus
281.Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all of the following amino acids, except:
A.alanine
B.glycine
C.leucine
D.valine
282.The precursor of vitamin D3:
A.ergosterol
B.stigmasterol
C.7-dehydrocholesterol
D.cholesterol
283.The enzyme present in the stomach which hydrolyzes proteins:
A.trypsin
B.pepsin
C.amylopsin
D.enterokinase
284. The reaction that takes place in cytoplasm:
A.aerobic
B.anaerobic
C.oxidation
D.reduction
285.Compounds of protein with a carbohydrate component:
A.lipoproteins
B.phosphoproteins
C.glycoproteins
D.nucleoproteins
286.What amino acid functions as a hormone?
A.valine
B.leucine
C.alanine
D.thyroxine
287.The pathway that occurs in the mitochondria:
A.urea cycle
B.citric acid cycle
C.glycolysis
D.fatty acid cycle
288.Carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to compounds with simpler molecules:
A.oligosaccharides
B.disaccharides
C.monosaccharides
D.polysaccharides
289.In the metabolism of protein, the liver:
A.synthesizes amino acids
C.absorbs blood
B.breaks down amino acid
D.stores amino acids
290.What is the stage of glucose oxidation that requires oxygen?
A.anaerobic
B.aerobic
C.catabolic
D.anabolic
291.An important protein in contractile muscle:
A.keratin
B.myosin
C.elastin
D.fibrin
292.Which is the main constituent of the group substance in the connective tissue?
A.heparin
B.fructosan
C.hyaluronic acid
D.mannosan
293.Raffinose, an important non-reducing sugar, is a:
A.monosaccharide
B.disaccharide
C.trisaccharide
D.tetrasaccharide
294.Non-protein molecules that are often associated with proteins are called:
A.prosthetic group
B.side chain
C.zwitterions
D.casein
295.They are chemical messengers:

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A.hormones
B.enzymes
296.It is a polysaccharide:
A.lactose
B.maltose
297.Which sugar contains an aldehyde group?
A.ketose
B.aldose

C.vitamins
C.amylose
C.sorbitol

D.amino acids
D.fructose
D.mannitol