EN2703 Lecture 1:

Setting out Drawings

Naomi Turner
n.e.turner@rgu.ac.uk

Setting out Drawings

Orthographic projection
First angle projection
Third angle projection

Drawing standards
Dimensioning drawings
Part and assembly drawings

Projection
A projection is a view of an object
Projection is used to represent 3-D objects in 2-D
Plane image is being
projected onto

projector

Orthographic projection
6 possible views:

Top view

Back view

Left view

Front view

Bottom view

Right view

Glass box

Hidden lines
Dashed lines are used to show hidden lines:

Exercise 1
Sketch the 6 views of this object:

90o
50mm
60mm

Number of Views
Typically it isnt necessary to show all 6 views
3 views are normally used:
Front view
Top view
Right view

Start with the front view and project the other

two views from this

1st and 3rd angle projection

There are two projection systems used in
engineering drawing: 1st and 3rd angle
Both are approved internationally and they
have equal status
The system of projection used on a drawing
should be indicated by the appropriate symbol

BS 308: Part 1: 1993

1st angle projection

Each view shows what would be seen by looking
on the far side of an adjacent view

Exercise 2
Sketch the 1st angle projection of the object we
used earlier in the lecture:

3rd Angle Projection

Each view shows what would be seen by looking
on the near side of an adjacent view

Exercise 3
Sketch the 3rd angle projection of the object we
used earlier in the lecture:

Drawing standards
ISO/BS 8888 Technical product documentation
and specification
ASME Y 14.100

Sheet format
Grid reference
system

10mm margin
1

20mm
margin

10mm
margin

Title block
frame

10mm margin

Title Block
Should contain:
Drawing owner
Drawing number
Date of issue
Sheet number
Drawing title
Creator
Approval person
Document type

Dimensions
Where possible place dimensions outside the profile of
the component
Avoid dimension lines crossing: place the shortest
dimension closest to the component

Dimensions
Parallel dimensioning gives improved positional
accuracy

Dimensions
To dimension a diameter

To dimension a radius

Dimensions
Ideally dimension external diameters in
rectangular views
Ideally internal diameters are dimensioned in
views which show their actual shape

Dimensions
Repeated features can be represented as:

Dimensions
Dont overdimension

These diameters are shown in

the right view so arent needed
here
This can be inferred from the
dimensions on the left hand side
of the view so shouldnt be
included

Exercise 4
Try dimensioning this part:

Each grid square

represents 10mm
x10mm

Part drawings
Provide complete description of a single part
Use multi view orthographic projections
Should provide all the information necessary to
manufacture the part
Form
Dimensions
Material
Surface finish
Tolerances

Part Drawings

Assembly drawings
Show how the parts in an assembly fit together
Position
Functional relationship

Balloons used to identify parts

A Bill of Materials (BOM) is used to reference the
parts to detail drawing numbers
Generally not dimensioned

Assembly drawing example

The BOM
could also
include
drawing
numbers and
descriptions
of parts

Other views you may use

Sectional views
Allow internal features to be shown
Object is sliced through to produce sectional view

Other views you may use

Offset Sections:

Other views you may use

Interrupted views
Are good for showing long components

Other views you may use

Detail views

Good practice

Use datums for dimensioning

All words in capitals (the exception being mm)
All numbers as decimals (e.g. 0.5 not )
Dont duplicate dimensions
Minimise the use of hidden lines
Avoid placing dimensions within the outline of
the part
Avoid dimension lines crossing

Summary
Most engineering drawings use multi view orthographic
projections
Typically 3 views are used (front, top and right)
Either 1st or third angle projection can be used (make sure
you indicate which one you are using!)
Drawings should include enough dimensions to
completely describe the form of the part
Part drawings also need additional information for use in
manufacture
Assembly drawings show how different parts fit together
There are a number of other types of views you may
include in a drawing

Further Reading
Manual of Engineering Drawing (Fourth Edition), edited
by C H Simmons, N Phelps and D E Maguire,
Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2012
Chapter 6- Principles of First and Third Angle Orthographic
Projection
Chapter 16- Dimensioning Principles
Chapter 9- Drawing Layouts and Simplified Methods
Chapter 10- Sections and Sectional views

http://web.mechse.illinois.edu/portals/courses/ME170/
(See engineering drawing notes)

Further Reading (2)

http://machineshop.olin.edu/resources/resources.html
(See technical drawing handout)
http://www.ucvts.tec.nj.us/Page/2670
(Bear in mind that some of these resources will be based
on the American Standard)