SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

1. The principal function of TR is gas exchange. This process occurs by diffusion. Which of the
following is the most likely to result in diffusion limitation of oxygen uptake?
a. Breathing in high oxygen mixture
b. Thickening of alveolar wall by disease
c. Increasing of alveolar ventilation
d. Decreasing of dead space ventilation
e. Sleeping
2. A healthy, 45 years old man is reading the newspaper. Which of the following muscles are
used for quite breathing?
a. Diaphragm and external intercostals
b. Diaphragm and internal intercostals
c. Diaphragm
d. Internal intercostals and abdominal recti
e. Sternocleidomastoideid muscles
3. A healthy, 22 years of student participates in 10-KM marathon run. Which of the following
muscles does the student use (contract) during expiration?
a. Diaphragm and external intercostals
b. Diaphragm and internal intercostals
c. Diaphragm
d. Internal intercostals and abdominal recti
e. Sternocleidomastoideid muscles
4. The pleural pressure of a normal 56-years old woman is approximately before inspiration
(i.e.at functional residual capacity). What is the pleural pressure (in cm H20) during
inspiration?
a. + 1
b. + 4
c. 0
d. - 3
e. 7
5. The alveolar pressure of a normal 77 year old woman is approximately 1 cm H20 during
expiration. What is the alveolar pressure during inspiration (in cm H20)?
a. + 0,5
b. + 1
c. + 2
d. 0
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

e. 1
6. A man inspires 1000 ml from a spirometer. The intra pleural pressure was 4 cm H20 before
inspiration and became 12 cm H20 at the end of inspiration. What was the compliance of
the lungs (in ml/cm H20)?
a. 50
b. 100
c. 125
d. 150
e. 250
7. A preterm baby has a surfactant deficiency. Without surfactant, many of the alveoli collapse
at the end of each expiration, which in turn leads to pulmonary failure. Which of the
following sets of changes are present in the preterm baby, compared to a normal infant?
a. Alveolar surface tension decreased, pulmonary compliance decreased
b. Alveolar surface tension decreased, pulmonary compliance increased
c. Alveolar surface tension decreased, pulmonary compliance no change
d. Alveolar surface tension increased, pulmonary compliance decreased
e. Alveolar surface tension increased, pulmonary compliance increased
8. The diffusing capacity of a gas is the volume of gas that will diffuse trough a membrane each
minute for a pressure difference of 1 mmHg. Which of the following gasses is often used to
estimate the oxygen diffusing capacity of the lungs?
a. Carbon dioxide
b. Carbon monoxide
c. Cyanide gas
d. Nitrogen
e. Oxygen
9. The basic rhythm of respiration is generated by neurons located in the medulla. Which of the
following limits the duration of inspiration and increases respiratory rate?
a. Apneustic center
b. Dorsal respiratory group
c. Nucleus of tractus solitaries
d. Pneumotaxic center
e. Ventral respiratory group

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

10. When respiratory drive for increased pulmonary ventilation becomes greater than normal, a
special set of respiratory neurons that are inactive during normal quiet breathing then
becomes active, contributing to the respiratory drive. Which of the following structures are
these neurons located?
a. Apneustic center
b. Dorsal respiratory group
c. Nucleus of tractus solitaries
d. Pneumotaxic center
e. Ventral respiratory group
11. Parathyroid hormone is important in regulating calcium homeostasis. Which of the following
mechanisms is the direct action of parathyroid hormone?
a. Controls the rate of 25 hydroxycholicalciferol formation
b. Controls the rate of calcium transport in the mucosa of small intestine
c. Controls the rate of formation of calcium binding protein
d. Controls the rate of formation of 1,25 dihydroxycholicalciferl
e. Stimulates renal tubular phosphate reabsorption
12. Insulin is the mayor control for blood glucose level. Which of the following is the most likely
to produce the greatest increase in insulin secretion?
a. Amino acids
b. Amino acids and glucose
c. Amino acids and somatostatin
d. Glucose and somatostatin
e. Glucose and glucagons
13. A man eats a low carbohydrate meal, rich in proteins containing the amino acids that
stimulates insulin secretion. Which of the following responses accounts for the absence of
hypoglycemia?
a. Suppression of growth hormone
b. Suppression of somatomedin C secretion
c. Stimulation of cortisol secretion
d. Stimulation of glucagon secretion
e. Stimulation of epinephrine secretion
14. Pituitary gland is a small lies the base of the brain and is connected to hypothalamus. Which
of the following hormones id both synthesized and stored in the pituitary gland?
a. Growth hormone (GH)
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

b.
c.
d.
e.

GH Releasing hormone (GNRH)

ADH
Somatostatin
Somatomedin

15. A 46-year old man has puffy skin and is lethargic. His plasma thyroid stimulating hormone
/ TSH concentration is low and increases markedly when he is given thyrotropin-releasing
hormone / TRH. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Hyperthyroidism due to a thyroid tumor
b. Hyperthyroidism due to an abnormality in the hypothalamus
c. Hyperthyroidism due to an abnormality in the thyroid
d. Hyperthyroidism due to an abnormality in the hypothalamus
e. Hyperthyroidism due to an abnormality in pituitary
16. A large dose of insulin is administered intravenously to a patient. Which of the following sets
of hormonal changes is most likely to occur in the plasma in response to insulin injection?
a. GH increase, glucagon decrease, epinephrine no change
b. GH no change, glucagon increase, epinephrine increase
c. GH increase, glucagon increase, epinephrine increase
d. GH decrease, glucagon increase, epinephrine increase
e. GH decrease, glucagon decrease, epinephrine no change
17. Transport of hormone can be in free form and/or bound to plasma proteins. Which of the
following hormone is largely unbound to plasma proteins?
a. Cortisol
b. Thyroxin / T4
c. ADH
d. Estradiol
e. Progesterone
18. The action of hormone can be influenced by the level of plasma proteins in blood. Which of
the following changes would be expected to occur with increased binding of a hormone to
plasma proteins?
a. Increase in plasma clearance of the hormone
b. Decrease half life of hormone
c. Increase hormone activity
d. Increase in degree of negative feedback exerted by the hormone
e. Increase in plasma reservoir for rapid replenishment of free hormone

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

19. A 56-year old man as developed the syndrome of inappropriate Anti diuretic hormone
secretion due to carcinoma of the lung. Which of the following physiological responses
would be expected?
a. Increased plasma osmolality
b. Inappropriately low urine osmolality (relatively to plasma osmolality)
c. Increased thirst
d. Decreased secretion of anti diuretic hormone from the pituitary gland
e. Decreased water reabsorption in renal tubules
20. A 20-year old woman is not having menstrual cycle. Her plasma progesterone concentration
is found to be minimal. Which of the explanation for the low level of progesterone?
a. LH secretion is elevated
b. LH secretion is suppressed
c. FSH secretion rate is suppressed
d. No corpus luteum
e. High inhibin concentration in plasma has suppressed progesterone synthesis
21. A 55-year old man survived from stroke a month ago. Now he is paralyzed at his right side
body. Which area in brain that was affected by his stroke?
a. Amygdala
b. Hypothalamus
c. Hypocampus
d. Left hemisphere
e. Right hemisphere
22. A stroke patient suffers expressive aphasia. The therapist teaches him to sing in order to
communicate his needs. What symptoms did he exhibit before therapy?
a. Unable to understand any spoken or visual information
b. Unable to differentiate gustatory sensation
c. Understand spoken and written language but unable to express the responses in normal
syntax
d. Understand the spoken and written language but unable to express his emotion correctly
e. Unable to recall his long time memory
23. A stroke patient suffers expressive aphasia. Which is the most likely damaged area in his
brain?
a. Amygdale
b. Brocas area
c. Wernickes area
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

d. Visual cortex
e. Auditory cortex
24. Memory is the ability to retain and recall information. What type of memory the requires
conscious attention?
a. Implicit memory
b. Declarative memory
c. Short term memory
d. Working memory
e. Memory traces
25. Motivation is defined as internal signals that shape voluntary behavior. What is the property
of motivated behavior?
a. Works separately with autonomic and endocrine response in the body.
b. Some of the behavior is not related to survival
c. Can create a decreased state of central nervous system arousal and alertness
d. Creates goal-oriented behavior
e. Capable of dis-coordinating of disparate behaviors to achieve that goal
The intracellular recording of cardiac cells.
Resting membrane potential
Capacity for diastolic depolarization
Intrinsic rate of depolarization

-50
Yes
90

-60
yes
45

-80
No
none

26. Cell a would most likely to be found in the

a. Sinoatrial (SA) node
b. Atrial muscle
c. Atrioventricular (AV) node
d. Purkinje fibers
e. Ventricular muscle
27. Pacemaker activity is exhibit by
a. Cell A
b. Cell B
c. Cells C
d. Cells A and B
e. Cells A and C
28. Cells lacking fast Na current during phase 0 of the cardiac action potential include
6

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Cell A
Cell B
Cells C
Cells A and B
Cells A and C

29. An experimental record obtained from an anesthetized dog

The experimental intervention at time 1 most likely represents:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Electrical stimulation of the bomber sympathetic nerve roots

Electrical stimulation of the superior cervical ganglion
Administration of a -adrenergic blocking drugs
Stimulation of the right vagus nerve
Administration of a cholinergic blocking drug

30. The intervention at time 2 most likely represents

a. Electrical stimulation of the sacral sympathetic nerve roots
b. Electrical stimulation of the superior cervical ganglion (Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve)
c. Administration of a sympathetic blocking drugs
d. Stimulation of the right vagus nerve
e. Administration of cholinergic blocking nerve
31. A drug was administered at time 3. This drug is most like classified as a (n)
a. Cholinergic blocking drug (e.g. atropine)
b. -adrenergic drug
c. -adrenergic drug
d. -adrenergic blocking drug
e. -adrenergic blocking drug
32. the decrease in heart rate that occurred at time 3 was most likely caused by
7

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

The direct affect of the drug on sinotrial (SA) node

The direct affect of the drug on the ventricular muscle
The occurrence of ventricular extra systoles
A reflex effect mediated by the chemoreceptor
A reflex effect mediated by the baroreceptor

33. Which of the following is the EGC manifestation f SA node depolarization?

a. The T wave
b. The P wave
c. The QRS complex
d. The U ware
e. It is not manifested on EGC
34. The phase of the response action potential that is associated with the voltage gated calcium
current is
a. Phase 0
b. Phase 1
c. Phase 2
d. Phase 3
e. Phase 4
35. Phase 0 of the slow response action potential is mediated by
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Potassium
d. Chloride
e. Hydrogen
36. Arteriography of a patients left renal artery shows narrowing of the arterys radius by 50%.
What is the expected change in blood flow through the stenotic artery?
a. Decrease to
b. Decrease to
c. Decrease to 1/8
d. Decrease to 1/16
e. Unchanged
37. What is the direction of fluid movement and the net driving force?
a. Absorption; 6 mmHg
b. Absorption; 9 mmHg
c. Filtration; 6 mmHg
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

d. Filtration; 9 mmHg
e. There is not fluid movement
38. If Kf is 0.5 ml/min/mmHg, what is the rate of water flow across the capillary wall?
a. 0.06 ml/min
b. 0.45 ml/min
c. 40.5 ml/min
d. 9.0 ml/min
e. 18.0 ml/min
39. Blood flow to which organ is not controlled primarily by metabolic factors (local
metabolites)?
a. Skin
b. Lungs
c. Heart
d. Brain
e. Skeletal muscles during exercise
40. All of the following parameters are increased during moderate exercise, except
a. Arteriovenous difference for 02
b. Heart rate
c. Cardiac output
d. Pulse pressure
e. TPR
41. The tendency for blood flow to be turbulent is increased by
a. Increased viscosity
b. Increased hematocrit
c. Partial occlusion of a blood vessel
d. Decreased velocity of blood flow
42. A patient experiences orthostatic hypotension after a sympathectomy. The explanation for
this is
a. An exaggerated response of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
b. A suppressed response of the rennin-angiostensin-aldosterone system
c. An exaggerated response of baroreceptor
d. An suppressed response of the baroreceptor mechanism
43. The greatest pressure drop in the circulation occurs across the arterioles because
9

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

They have the greatest surface area

They have the greatest cross-sectional area
The velocity of blood flow through the is the highest
The velocity of blood flow through them is the lowest
They have the greatest resistance

44. Pulse pressure is

a. The highest pressure measured in the arteries
b. The lowest pressure measured in the arteries
c. Measured only during diastole
d. Determined by stroke volume
e. Decreased when capacitance of the arteries decreases
45. All of following agents are released or secreted following a hemorrhage, except
a. Aldosterone
b. Angiotensin I
c. Angiotensin II
d. ADH
e. Atrial natriuretic peptide
A if 1,2,3 are correct
B if 1,3 are correct
C if 2,4 are correct
D if only 4 correct
E all correct
46. Characteristics of Homeostasis
1. Effectors may have opposing actions
2. Negative feedback is the process that prevent change
3. Positive feedback is the process that perpetuate change
4. Feed forward control is outside stimuli that alter the normal feedback response
47. The languages of communication are
1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Biological
4. Electrical

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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

48. The factors of communication
1. Speed
2. Distance
3. distribution
4. contribution
49. Glucagon is the intercellular communication which include in the type of
1. Autocrine
2. Exocrine
3. Paracrine
4. Endocrine
50. Activated G protein interacts with effectors proteins to alter their activities this process of
communication occur in
1. Extracellular compartment
2. Intracellular compartment
3. Interstitial compartment
4. Intracellular compartment
51. G protein activates against receptor complex then cleared phospatidylinositol 4,5
biphosphate. Cyclosporine blocking this pathway. What kind of second messengers.
1. CAMP, CGMP
2. Calcium
3. Protein Kinase
4. IP3 and DAC
Mr Sueb 67 years old businessman, after dinner with his client one evening his wife noticed
that he seemed lethargic, confused, nauseas, and seizures while watching television; this wife
took him to hospital emergency. His blood pressure was normal. Laboratory values:
Plasma Potassium
3,5 mg/l
Plasma Sodium
115 mg/
Plasma Osmolarity
230 mosm/l
Urine osmolarity
950 mosm/l
Plasma calcium
8,6 mg/l
52. What the diagnose of the patient?
53. What is the cause of the patient?

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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

54. Water homeostasis regulated by ADH is normally released into circulation to physiologic
stimuli
1. Plasma osmolality increased
2. Hypovolemia
3. Aquaporin
4. Polydypsie
55. Nugcile went to the mountain climbing and got loss for 5 days with lack of water, sweating,
diarrhea. What is the homeostasis imbalance status
1. Hypocalcaemia
2. Hyperkalemia
3. Hypokalemia
4. Hypernatremia
56. Trypsin is considered as an
1. Autocrine
2. Endocrine
3. Neurocrine
4. Exocrine
Reaction metabolism dalam tubuh manusia:
(CHO)x + 02 > CO2 + H20 + E
57. Sumber CHO diperoleh tubuh melalui sistem
a. Digestif
b. Kardiovaskuler
c. Respirasi
d. Urinarius
e. Metabolism
58. Sistem organ yang membawa oksigen ke tempat metabolism adalah
a. Digestif
b. Kardiovaskuler
c. Respirasi
d. Urinarius
e. Metabolism
59. Energi yang dihasilkan dari reaksi diatas berupa
a. ATP
b. Gerak
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

c. Panas
d. Electron
e. Transpor aktif
60. Berdasarkan reaksi di atas, manakah pernyataan berikut yang paling tepat
a. Termasuk anabolisme karena menghasilkan energi
b. Termasuk katabolisme karena memecah molekul CHO
c. Termasuk reaksi hidrolisis karena menghasilkan air
d. Terjadi di dalam inti sel
e. Reaksi oksidasi merupakan pembentukan molekul yang besar
61. Hasil akhir metabolism energi akan menghasilkan
a. 50% panas + 50% ATP
b. 75% panas + 25% ATP
c. 75% ATP + 25% panas
d. 50% ATP + 25% panas + 25% kerja internal
e. 25% ATP + 50% panas + 25% kerja internal
62. Proses produksi ATP yang menghasilkan energi paling banyak yaitu
a. Konversi kreatinin-fosfat
b. Glikolisis anaerob
c. Fosforolasi anaerob
d. Siklus krebs
e. Lipofisis
63. Proses produksi ATP yang memerlukan oksigen paling banyak dalam prosesnya yaitu
a. Konversi kreatinin-fosfat
b. Glikolisis anaerob
c. Fosforolasi anaerob
d. Siklus krebs
e. Lipofisis
64. Proses fosforilasi oksidatif berlagsung di
a. Sitoplasma
b. Nucleus
c. Mitokondria
d. Ribosom
e. Sel
65. Pernyataan berikut yang benar tentang termoregulasi
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Merupakan hasil samping dari panas akibat proses metabolism

Diatur oleh pusat suhu di hipofisis
Manusia berupaya agar suhu tubuh sama dengan suhu lingkungan
Terjadi perpindahan panas secara radiasi
Perpindahan panas konceksi melalui kulit

66. Pningkatan suhu tubuh terlalu tinggi dapat menyebabkan

a. Denaturasi protein
b. Aktivasi metabolism lambat
c. Infeksi
d. Katabolisme tidak terjadi
Berkeringat Adi mengalami mencret-mencret, feses yang dikeluarkan berupa cairan saja,
tanpa lendir dan darah sebanyak 1 gelas dam mencret sampai 8 kali dalam sehari. Saat BAB,
kotoran langsung keluar tanpa harus mengejan dan tanpa ada rasa mules.
67. Proses defekasi terjadi pada organ
a. Kolon dan rectum
b. Ileum dam anus
c. Rectum dan anus
d. Ileum dann rectum
e. Kolon dan anus
68. Fungsi kolon dalam hal sekresi yaitu
a. Menghasilkan enzim
b. Mengeluarkan mucus
c. Membuang kotoran sisa pencernaan
d. Menghasilkan enterokinin
e. Menghasilkan vit K bersama bakteri
69. Pernyataan berikut yang benar tentang feses normal yaitu
a. Konsistensi sedikit cair berwarna kekuningan
b. Warna feses tergantung makanan yang dimakan
c. Bau feses karena gas H2S dari bakteri di anus
d. Sekresi dari hepar dapat mempengaruhi feses
e. Feses mengandung telur cacing dan epitel usus
Diagnosis penyakit yang dialami Adi yaitu Gastroenteritis akut lalu doktermemberi larutan
oralit serta tablet zink.
70. Pemberian zink untuk memperbaiki fungsi
14

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Sekresi dan defekasi

Absorbsi dan sekresi
Digesti dan absorbs
Defekasi dan absorbsi
Defekasi dan digesti

71. Jika kondisi Adi berlanjut tanpa pemberian oralit dapat terjadi
a. Edema
b. Vomitus hebat
c. Gastroenteritis kronis
d. Dehidrasi
e. Mal-absorbsi
72. Jika kondisi Adi disertai muntah, maka respon kelenjar saliva saat regulasi getah lambung
berupa
a. Sekresi bikarbonat untuk menetralkan asam
b. Sekresi ptialin untuk mencerna glukosa
c. Sekresi mukus untuk mengurangi asam
d. Diglusi saliva untuk mencegah mual
e. Eksresi air untuk mengencerkan asam
73. A typical neuron has a resting membrane potential about:
a. + 70 mV
b. + 70 V
c. 70 mV
d. 70 V
e. All of the above are observed at rest
74. The following ion(s) is/are involved in the neuronal action potential:
a. Sodium (Na+)
b. Potassium (Ca2+)
c. Calium (Ca2+)
d. Chloride (Cl)
e. All of the above
75. At the peak of the action potential, the membrane potential is
a. Exactly at the Na2+ equilibrium potential ( V Na )
b. Close to but more positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential (Vna+)
c. Close to but less positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential (Vna)
d. Exactly at 0mV
e. The same as the resting membrane potential (Vrest)
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

76. At what membrane voltage do neuronal voltage gated Na+ channel become activated
a. 70
b. 50
c. 0 mV
d. + 50 mV
e. None of the above
77. The spike phase of the neuronal potential is due to:
a. The opening of voltage gated Na+ channels
b. The opening of voltage gated K+ channels
c. The closure of resting Na+ channels
d. Due to the closure of Cl channels
e. None of the above
78. The hyper polarization phase of the action potential is due to:
a. The opening of voltage gate Cl channels
b. The opening of voltage gated k+ channels
c. The closure of resting Na+ channels
d. The closure of Cl channels
e. None of the above
79. In the ANS, the preganglionic neurons synapse with post ganglionic in the:
a. Autonomic ganglia
b. Brain stem
c. Spinal cord
d. Dorsal rood ganglia
e. Skeletal muscle cells
80. The effectors organs for the somatic motor nervous system are:
a. Cardiac muscle
b. Smooth muscle
c. Glands
d. Skeletal muscle
e. Al of these above
81. Which of these characteristics describe the somatic motor neuron system?
a. One neuron between CNS and skeletal muscle
b. Effect can be excitatory or inhibitory
c. Cell bodies in lateral part of the spinal cord
d. Receptor molecules can be nicotinic or muscarinic
16

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

e. All of the above
82. The parasympatic division
a. Decrease blood flow to the skin
b. Mediates many reflexes that regulate the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
c. Is responsible for the fight or flight response
d. Cause an increase in the metabolism
e. All of these
83. Which of these structures is innervated almost entirely by the sympathetic division?
a. Heart
b. Gastrointestinal tract
c. Urinary bladder
d. Blood vessel
e. Reproductive organs
84. Which of these effect results from the stimulation of the parasympatic division?
a. Increased heart rate and force
b. Increased blood flow to skeletal muscle
c. Increased contraction of smooth muscle in the wall of the digestive tracts
d. Increased glucose in the blood
e. Contraction of arrectorpili muscle
85. Which of these functions is not affected by parasympathetic stimulation?
a. Secretion of tears
b. Secretion of sweat
c. Secretion of insulin from the pancreas
d. Secretion of thin, watery, saliva
e. Secretion of digestive glands
86. Some sympathetic preganglionic axons synapse in collateral ganglia, the post ganglianic
axon the passes through a
a. Spinal nerve
b. Splachnic nerve
c. Sympathetic nerve
d. Somatic nerve
e. Muscular nerve
87. An action arriving at the presynaptic terminal causes
a. Voltage gated sodium ion channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse into the cells
17

SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

b.
c.
d.
e.

Voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse out of the cells
Voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open, and calcium ions to diffuse into the cells
Acetylcholine to diffuse into the cell
Ligand-gated sodium channels to open, and sodium ions to diffuse out the cell

88. In the neuromuscular function, acetylcholine

a. Diffuse across the synaptic cleft and binds to acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic
muscle fiber
b. In actively transported across the synaptic cleft and binds to acetylcholine receptors on
the postsynaptic muscle fiber
c. Diffuse across the synaptic cleft and causes calcium ions to diffuse into the postsynaptic
muscle fiber
d. Diffuse across the synaptic cleft and causes sodium ions to diffuse out of the post
synaptic muscle fiber
e. Is actively transported across the synaptic cleft and causes calcium ions to diffuse into the
postsynaptic muscle fiber
89. The neurotransmitter in the neuromuscular function
a. Cause ligand gated calcium channels in the muscle fiber to increase their permeability to
calcium, which depolarizes the post synaptic membrane
b. Cause ligand gated sodium channels in the muscle fiber to increase their permeability to
sodium, which depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane
c. Increase the calcium ion permeability of the presynaptic membrane
d. Increase the sodium ion permeability of the presynaptic membrane
e. The polarizes the presynaptic membrane by increasing the permeability of sodium ions
90. An action potential spreads or is propagated through a muscle fiber
a. By the myosin myofilament
b. By the T-Tubules
c. By the cross bridge
d. By the sarcoplasmic reticulum
e. Bt the actin myofilament
91. What structures do the calcium bind to when muscle contraction is initiated?
a. The actin myofilament
b. The troponin molecule
c. The tropomyosin molecule
d. The sarcoplasmic reticulum
e. The sarcolemma
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

92. Cross bridge from between

a. Troponin and tropomyosin
b. Calcium and sodium
c. The sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum
d. The T-Tubules and the sarcolemma
e. The actin filaments and the myosin heads
93. The primary neutransmitter at the neuromuscular junction is
a. Dopamine
b. Adrenaline
c. Acetylcholine
d. Histamine
e. Serotonin
94. Muscle contraction is caused by
a. Actin filaments sliding past each other
b. Myosin filaments sliding past each other
c. Myosin filaments sliding past each other
d. Actin filaments sliding past myelin filaments
e. Actin filaments sliding past myelin filaments
95. Which of the following statements about H zones and I bands is true?
a. The H zones contain only myosin, while the I bands contain only myosin
b. The H zones contain only actin, while the I bands contain only myosin
c. The H zones contain only actin, while the I bands contain both actin and myosin
d. The H zones contain both actin and myosin, while the I bands contain only actin
e. The H zones and the I bands each contain both actin and myosin
96. During muscle contraction
a. The A band remains the same and the I band narrows
b. The I band remains the same and the A band narrows
c. Both the A band and I band narrow
d. Both the A band and I band remain same
e. Both the A band and I band become wider
97. Each actin and filaments is composed of
a. A single strand of actin molecules
b. Two strands of actin molecules wrapped together
c. Three strands of actin molecules wrapped together
d. Four strands of actin molecules wrapped together
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

e. Hundred of strand of actin molecules wrapped together
98. As actin and myosin filaments slide past each other during muscle contraction
a. Actin filaments shorten, while myosin filaments do not
b. Myosin filaments shorten, while actin filaments do not
c. Either actin or myosin filament shorten, but not both at the same time
d. Both actin and myosin filaments shorten
e. Neither actin nor myosin filaments shorten
99. Which of the following statements about heads of the myosin molecules is true?
a. They form permanent links with actin filaments
b. They can attach to different sites on the actin filaments
c. They allow the myosin filaments t wrap around each other
d. They straighten the myosin filaments
e. None of the above
100.
a.
b.
c.
d.

During contraction of a muscle, Ca ions bind to

The actin myofilaments
The troponin molecule
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
The sarcolemma

101. Energy is released when

a. ADP is broken down into ATP and P
b. ATP is broken down into ADP and P
c. ADP and P combine to form ATP
d. ATP and P combine to form ATP
e. AMP and two P combined to form ATP
102. A spermatogonium
a. Divides by mitosis to produce two spermatids
b. Divides by meiosis to produce four spermatids
c. Divides by meiosis to produce two primary spermatocytes
d. Divides by mitosis to produce two primary spermatocytes
e. Divides by mitosis to produce a spermatogonium and primary spermatocytes
103. A primary spermatocytes
a. Divide by mitosis to produce two secondary spermatocytes
b. Divides by meiosis to produce four spermatocytes
c. Divides by meiosis to produce four spermatids
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

d. Divides by mitosis to produce two spermatids
e. Divides by mytosis to produce two spermatids
104. Each spermatid
a. Divided by meiosis to produce four sperm cells
b. Divides by mitosis to produce four sperm cells
c. Divides by meiosis to produce two sperm cells
d. Divides by mitosis to produce two sperm cells
e. Differentiate into spern cells
105. The surge in LH that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers
a. Uterine lining secretion directly
b. Menstruation
c. Ovulation
d. Activation of the primordial follicles
e. FSH release
106. The usual site of fertilization is the
a. Uterus
b. Ampula tuba falopi
c. Fimbriae tuba fallopi
d. Ovarium
e. Corpus luteum
107. Which is the most correct sequence of sperm flow in the male duct system?
a. Seminiferous tubules; epididymis; vas deferens; ampulla; ejaculatory duct; urethra
b. Seminiferous tubules; vas deferens; ejaculatory duct; ampulla; urethra
c. Testes; ductus deferens; urethra seminal vesicle
d. Seminiferous tubules; prostatic urethra; seminal vesicle
e. Seminiferous tubules; prostatic urethra; vas deferens; ejaculatory duct; ampulla
108. Within the ovary, progesterone is produce by the:
a. Corpus luteum
b. Secondary follicles
c. Tertiary follicles
d. Corpus albicans
e. Primary follicles
109. What hormone is responsible for the secondary sex characteristics found in women?
a. Estrogen
b. Prolactin
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c. Progesteron
d. FSH
e. LH
110.

How do birth control pills (oral contraceptives) work?

a. They prevent the fertilized egg from travelling to the uterus for implantation
b. The lower the amount of estrogen in the body
c. They protect the time of ovulation precisely and pregnancy can avoided
d. They increase the amount of LH and FSH, which speeds up ovulation
e. They inhibit the release of FSH and LH by a negative feedback mechanism,
preventing ovulation

111.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

How do birth control pills (oral contraceptives) work?

They prevent the fertilized egg from travelling to the uterus for implantation
The lower the amount of estrogen in the body
They protect the time of ovulation precisely and pregnancy can avoided
They increase the amount of LH and FSH, which speeds up ovulation
They inhibit the release of FSH and LH by a negative feedback mechanism, preventing
ovulation

112.

Apabila 2 liter cairan IV Dextrose 5% diberikan pada seorang pasien non-diabetic dengan

TBW 30 liter, apa yang terjadi:

a. Volume cairan intraseluler menurun sedangkan ekstraseluler meningkat
b. Volume cairan intraseluler meningkat sedangkan ekstraseluler menurun
c. Konsentrasi plasma Na+ plasma menurun
d. Konsentrasi Glucose plasma meningkat
113.

Bagaimana hubungan antara konsentrasi Na+ plasma dengan osmolaritas cairan

ekstraseluler:
a. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma meningkatkan osmolaitas cairan ekstraseluler
b. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma menurunkan osmolaritas cairan ekstraseluler
c. Peningkatan atau penurunan konsentrasi Na+ plasma tidak menyebabkan perubahan
osmolaritas cairan ekstraseluler yang berarti
d. Tidak ada hubungan konsentrasi Na+ plasma dengan osmolaritas cairan ekstraseluler
114. Bagaimana hubungan konsentrasi Na+ plasma dengan volume cairan tubuh?
a. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma menyebabkan peningkatan volume cairan
ekstraseluler tetapi volume cairan intraseluler turun

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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

b. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma menyebabkan peningkatan volume cairan tubuh
total (total body fluid)
c. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma hanya menyebabkan peningkatan cairan
ekstraseluler sedangkan cairan intraseluler tidak berubah
d. Peningkatan konsentrasi Na+ plasma tidak ada hubungan dengan volume cairan
ektraseluler dan intraseluler
Dua orang nelayan ditemukan terapung dilaut karena kapalnya tenggelam 3 hari yang lalu. Pada
saat dibawa ke RS nelayan A dalam keadaan lemas dan mengalami dehidrasi sedangkan
temannya B dalam keadaan coma. Menurut keterangan A selama 3 hari dia meminum sedikit air
hujan ditampung dengan sebuah piring dan tidak makan, sedangkan temannya B karena tidak
tahan haus berkali-kali meminum air laut namun haus tidak hilang bahkan pda hari kedua B
mulai gelisah, kesadaran menurun dan mengalami halusinasi dan pada hari ketiga dia mulai tidak
sadar.
Catatan: Osmolaritas air laut 2000-2400 mEq/l karena kadar garam yang tinggi.
115.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Apakah yang menyebabkan A lemas dan dehidrasi?

Input kalori kurang
Input cairan yang kurang
Input cairan cukup tetapi input kalori kurang
Kekurangan input cairan dan kalori

116.

Bagaimana elektrolit plasma nelayan A?

Normal
Hyponatremic
Hypernatremic
Hypokalemia

a.
b.
c.
d.
117.

Apa yang menyebabkan nelayan B mengalami gangguan neurologic, bahkan pada saat

ditemukan dia dalam keadaan coma?

a. Hyponatremia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Hypokalemia
d. Hyperkalemia
118.

Bagaimana hal diatas (item B) terjadi pada nelayan B?

a. Banyak minum air laut
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

b. Tidak kuat secara fisik dan mental
c. Shock
d. Kekurangan kalori tetapi tidak mengalami kekurangan input cairan
119.

Bagaimana kondisi volume cairan tubuh nelayan B ketika ditemukan?

a. Normovolemic/euvolemic
b. Hypovolemic
c. Hypervolemic

120. Untuk mengatasi keadaan nelayan A cairan IV yang paling sesuai untuk diberikan adalah
larutan IV yang?
a. Isotonic
b. Hypotonic
c. Hypertonik
d. Plasma expander
121. Untuk mengatasi keadaan nelayan B cairan IV yang paling sesuai untuk diberikan
adalah?
a. Isotonic
b. Hypotonic
c. Hypertonik
d. Plasma expander
Wanita Tua dengan Hipertensi Ringan
Seorang wanita tua umur 63 tahun, dating ke Puskesmas untuk pemeriksaan kesehatan rutin.
Pada pemeriksaan didapati hipertensi ringan (tekanan darahnya 155/90 mmHg). Dia
dianjurkan untuk diet rendah garam. Tetapi setelah satu bulan kemudian tekanan darahnya
tidak menurun. Maka dokter memberinya Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) 25 mg/hari. Satu
minggu kemudian dia dating kembali ke Puskesmas dengan keluhan lethargis.
Pemeriksaan fisik didapati keadaan umum pasien lemah. Tekanan darahnya 130/80 mmHg
dan berat badannya turun 2,5 kg dari semingu sebelumnya. Pemeriksaan lain tidak
menunjukkan adanya kelainan dan tidak ditemukan kelainan-kelainan neurologis.
Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapati:

Ureum 20mg/dl (9-25)

Creatinine 1,2 mg/dl (0,8-1,4)
Na+ 132 mEq/l (136-142)
K+ 3,5 (3,5-5)
Cl- 90 mEq/l (98-108)
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

122.

Apabila wanita diatas hanya diet rendah garam (<5g/hari) selama 1 bulan, yang paling

mungkin ditemukan adalah:

a. Penurunan tekanan darah yang drastis sehingga menyebabkan lethargis
b. Hyponatremia disertai penurunan tekanan darah yang moderat
c. Hyponatremia disertai dehidrasi ringan
d. Normonatremia disertai sedikit penurunan tekanan darah
123. Hyponatremia akan memperberat dehidrasi pada wanita disebabkan:
a. Penurunan sekresi ADH sehingga eksresi air oleh ginjal meningkat
b. Peningkatan sekresi ADH sehingga eksresi air oleh ginjal meningkat
c. Osmolaritas cairan ekstraseluler menurun menyebabkan air berosmosis ke intraseluler.
d. Rasa haus hilang karena lethargi
124.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Tanda yang paling konsisten dari terjadinya dehidrasi pada wanita ini adalah:
Lethargy
Penurunan berat badan
Penurunan tekanan darah
Penurunan konsentrasi Na+ plasma darah

125. Pemberian Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) yang bekerja menghambat NaCl cotransporter di

a.
b.
c.
d.

tubulus distalis mengakibatkan:

Penurunan sekresi air oleh ginjal
Peningkatan sekresi air oleh ginjal
Peningkatan sekresi Na+ oleh ginjal
Penurunan sekresi Na+ oleh ginjal

126. Dehidrasi/hypovolemia pada pasien ini disebabkan peningkatan ekresi urine oleh ginjal
karena efek dari:
a. Peningkatan ADH karena hyponatremia
b. Peningkatan aldosterone karena hyponatremia
c. Peningkatan input air karena haus
d. Penurunan ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor)
127. Sebagai respons terhadap penurunan konsentrasi Na+ di cairan ektraseluler:
a. ADH meningkat
b. ADH menurun
c. Aldosterone meningkat
d. Aldosterone menurun
128. Penurunan volume cairan tubuh diterima oleh baroreceptor dan selanjutnya diteruskan ke
ginjal dan menyebabkan:
a. Peningkatan sekresi renin oleh juxtaglomerular cells
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SOAL UJIAN MCQ BLOK 7 Gamma 2014

b. Ginjal mensekresi Angiotensinogen
c. Sekresi aldosterone menurun
d. Angiotensinogen diubah menjadi aldosterone
129. Osmolaritas didalam tubuh dipertahankan konstan dengan cara:
a. Pengaturan sekresi air oleh ginjal
b. Pengaturan sekresi Na+ oleh ginjal
c. Pengaturan input Na+ dengan diet
d. Pengaturan ekskresi air oleh ginjal
130. Angiotensinogen diubah menjadi angiotensin I oleh:
a. Aldosterone
b. Renin
c. ADH
d. ANF/ANP

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